JP2013002525A - Sliding member, and compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding member capable of surely feeding lubricating oil to a sliding surface to improve lubricating performance, and to provide a compressor.SOLUTION: A vane 46 includes a diamond-like carbon coated layer 54 on a base material reciprocating in an X1 direction of protruding from a vane groove and in an X2 direction of being housed in the vane groove 47. In a state where the oil is fed between this diamond-like carbon coated layer 54 and the vane groove 47, a sliding motion is performed. A plurality of first empty holes 61 whose central axis S1 is slanted to the X1 direction side and a plurality of second empty holes 62 whose central axis S2 is slanted to the X2 direction side are arrayed on a sliding surface 54A of the diamond-like carbon coated layer 54.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding member and a compressor in which a hard carbon film layer is formed on a substrate.

Conventionally, for example, a sliding member such as a vane of a rotary compressor, which reciprocates in a state in which lubricating oil is supplied to a counterpart member (vane slot) and slides on the wall surface of the vane slot. Are known. In this type of sliding member, a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film layer (hard carbon film layer) is formed on the surface of the base material in order to reduce the frictional resistance of the sliding surface and to suppress seizure due to running out of lubricating oil. Has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
Furthermore, in recent years, a technique for preventing seizure due to running out of lubricating oil has been proposed by forming a plurality of concave portions (holes) in the diamond-like carbon film layer and forming the concave portions as a lubricating oil pool (see Patent Document 2). ).

JP 2004-339564 A JP 2005-172082 A

However, in the conventional configuration, all of the recesses formed on the diamond-like carbon film layer are formed substantially perpendicular to the sliding surface, so that the lubricating oil discharged during sliding due to the reciprocating movement is again in the recesses. It is difficult to flow into the oil and there is a problem that the lubricating oil runs out quickly on the sliding surface.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sliding member and a compressor in which lubricating oil is reliably supplied to the sliding surface and the lubricating performance is improved.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a hard carbon coating layer on a substrate that reciprocates in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, and the hard carbon coating layer and a counterpart member. A plurality of bottomed first members having a central axis inclined toward the first direction side on the sliding surface of the hard carbon film layer. A hole and a plurality of bottomed second holes whose center axes are inclined toward the second direction are arranged.

  In this configuration, the number of holes of the first hole and the second hole may be formed substantially equal. Further, the first holes may be arranged in the first direction side region of the sliding surface, and the second holes may be arranged in the second direction side region. Furthermore, a bottomed third hole having a central axis perpendicular to the sliding surface may be arranged between the first hole and the second hole. The first holes and the second holes may be formed to a depth that does not reach the surface of the base material.

  The present invention further includes a drive element in a sealed container and a rotary compression element driven by the rotary shaft of the drive element, wherein the rotary compression element is a cylinder and an eccentric portion formed on the rotary shaft. A roller that is fitted in the eccentric portion and rotates eccentrically in the cylinder, a vane that abuts on the roller and divides the inside of the cylinder into a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber, and is formed in the cylinder and moves the vane In the compressor including a vane slot that can be freely stored, the vane has a hard carbon coating layer on a base material that reciprocates in a first direction protruding from the vane slot and a second direction stored in the vane slot. And is configured to slide in a state in which lubricating oil is supplied between the hard carbon coating layer and the vane slot, and the central axis is inclined to the first direction side on the sliding surface of the hard carbon coating layer Multiple A first air hole bottomed, characterized in that an array of the second cavity of the plurality of bottom which is inclined central axis to said second direction.

  According to the present invention, on the sliding surface of the hard carbon film layer, a plurality of bottomed first holes whose central axis is inclined toward the first direction side, and a plurality of whose central axis is inclined toward the second direction side. For example, when sliding in the first direction, the lubricating oil is discharged from the second hole and the lubricating oil flows into the first hole. When sliding in the second direction, the lubricating oil is discharged from the first hole, and the lubricating oil flows into the second hole, so that the lubricating oil is efficiently introduced into each hole. Can be held in. For this reason, lubricating oil can be reliably supplied to a sliding surface over a long period of time, and lubrication performance can be improved.

It is a longitudinal section showing a rotary compressor concerning this embodiment. It is a top view of a cylinder. A is a figure which shows the state which the vane protruded from the vane groove | channel, and B is a figure which shows the state in which the vane was accommodated in the vane groove | channel. It is a perspective view which shows a vane. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the diamond-like carbon film layer formed on the sliding member. It is the schematic which shows the surface of a diamond-like carbon film layer.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an aspect of a rotary compressor 100 according to the present embodiment. The rotary compressor 100 is connected between a refrigerant condenser and an evaporator to form a refrigerator unit. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary compressor 100 includes a sealed container 1. An electric element (driving element) 2 is housed on the upper side of the motor, and a rotary compression element 4 which is driven by a crankshaft 3 (rotating shaft) of the electric element 2 and compresses the refrigerant is housed on the lower side.

  The hermetic container 1 includes a cylindrical shell portion 10 and an end cap 11 fixed to the shell portion 10 by arc welding or the like. The end cap 11 is a relay terminal for supplying electric power to the electric element 2. And a discharge pipe 13 for discharging the compressed refrigerant to the outside of the machine. A suction pipe 6 that guides the refrigerant discharged from the accumulator of the refrigerator unit to the rotary compression element 4 is fixed near the bottom of the shell 10 by welding or the like.

  The electric element 2 is composed of a direct current motor such as a so-called DC brushless motor, and includes a rotor (rotor) 31 and a stator (stator) 32 fixed to the shell portion 10. 3 is fixed, and the rotational force of the rotor 31 is transmitted to the rotary compression element 4. The crankshaft 3 is rotatably supported by a main bearing 7A (support member) and a sub bearing 7B.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary compression element 4 includes a cylinder 41 having a cylindrical shape. The cylinder 41 is interposed between a main bearing 7A and a sub-bearing 7B by a bolt (not shown) and the like. The main bearing 7A is fixed integrally to the bearing 7B, and is fixed to the inner surface of the hermetic container 1 by welding, and the cylinder 41 is supported by the main bearing 7A. Further, the upper opening of the cylinder 41 is closed by the main bearing 7 </ b> A and the lower opening is closed by the auxiliary bearing 7 </ b> B, and a compression chamber 43 is formed in the cylinder 41.

  In the compression chamber 43, a roller 45 that is fitted into an eccentric portion 44 that is integrally formed with the crankshaft 3 and rotates eccentrically is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder 41 is provided with a vane groove (vane slot) 47 between the refrigerant suction port 48 and the discharge port 40, and the vane 46 is slidable in the vane groove 47. It is arranged. The vane 46 is always pressed in the direction of the roller 45 by a biasing member such as a spring (not shown), and reciprocates in the vane groove 47 while sliding on the outer peripheral surface of the roller 45 in accordance with the rotation of the eccentric portion 44 and the roller 45. The inside of the compression chamber 43 serves to partition the pressure chamber side into the low pressure chamber side 43A and the high pressure chamber side 43B.

  Specifically, the roller 45 is provided such that one end of the outer surface thereof is always in contact with the inner surface 49 of the cylinder 41 with a predetermined clearance, and the compression chamber 43 that is a space between the cylinder 41 and the roller 45 has a crescent shape. Formed. The vane 46 comes into contact with the outer surface of the roller 45, and the crescent-shaped compression chamber 43 is partitioned by the vane 46 into a low pressure chamber side 43A and a high pressure chamber side 43B. In this embodiment, the vane 46 that reciprocates in the vane groove 47 of the cylinder 41 functions as a sliding member.

A suction pipe 6 (see FIG. 1) is inserted into the suction port 48 of the cylinder 41, and a discharge valve (not shown) is provided in the discharge port 40, so that the refrigerant is discharged by the discharge valve. When the pressure is reached, it is discharged from the discharge port 40 into the sealed container 1.
Therefore, in the hermetic rotary compressor 100, the electric element 2 rotates the crankshaft 3 to rotate the roller 45 eccentrically in the compression chamber 43, thereby being supplied from the outside through the accumulator. The refrigerant is sucked into the low-pressure chamber side 43A of the compression chamber 43 through the suction pipe 6, compressed while moving the refrigerant to the high-pressure chamber side 43B, discharged from the discharge port 40 into the sealed container 1, and from the discharge pipe 13 It will be discharged out of the machine.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, oil (lubricating oil) 8 is stored at the bottom of the sealed container 1 up to the lower surface of the main bearing 7A (indicated by the line AA ′ in the figure). An oil pickup 50 (oil supply device) for supplying oil 8 to the main bearing 7A, the sub-bearing 7B, and the sliding portion between the rotary compression element 4 and the crankshaft 3 and the sliding portion of the vane 46 of the rotary compression element 4 is a crankshaft. 3 is provided at the lower end 3A.

  Specifically, the crankshaft 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical oil pickup 50 is press-fitted and attached to the lower end portion 3A thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, a paddle 51 constituting a spiral oil flow path is integrally formed inside the oil pickup 50, and the oil pickup 50 is separated from the lower end 50A by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft 3. The oil 8 stored in the airtight container 1 is sucked, and the paddle 51 feeds the oil 8 upward. The oil 8 passes through an oil supply hole 52 formed in the oil pickup 50, and the peripheral surface of the crankshaft 3, in particular, the main bearing 7A, the auxiliary bearing 7B, and the sliding portions of the rotary compression element 4 and the crankshaft 3. To be supplied.

An HFC-based mixed refrigerant (for example, a three-type mixed refrigerant of R134a, R32, and R125) is sealed at the bottom of the sealed container 1. Here, the refrigerant is not limited to the HFC-based mixed refrigerant, and an HFC-based single refrigerant (for example, R134a, R32, or R125) or a natural refrigerant (for example, CO ₂ or HC) can also be used. .
The oil stored in the sealed container 1 preferably has a kinematic viscosity of about ²⁰ to 120 mm ² / s. For example, any of polyvinyl ether, polyol ester, alkylbenzene, polyalphaolene, and polyalkylene glycol is used. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the vane 46 as the sliding member has a direction (first direction) X1 projecting from the vane groove 47 of the cylinder 41 as the counterpart member, as shown in FIG. As described above, it slides in the vane groove 47 by reciprocating in the direction (second direction) X <b> 2 stored in the vane groove 47. As shown in FIG. 4, the vane 46 is formed of a flat plate made of metal, and the sliding surface 46A of the vane 46 facing the wall surface 47A (FIG. 3) of the vane groove 47 has friction during sliding. In order to reduce resistance, a diamond-like carbon film layer (hard carbon film layer) 54 is formed.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a diamond-like carbon film layer formed on the sliding member, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the surface of the diamond-like carbon film layer.
The vane 46 of the present embodiment uses steel containing Cr (chromium) as a base material, cast iron material, spheroidal graphite cast iron material, eutectic graphite cast iron material, or iron-based sintered material. As shown in FIG. 5, a chromium (Cr) layer 55, a chromium (Cr) / tungsten carbide (WC) mixed layer 56, and a tungsten carbide (WC) / diamond like carbon (DLC) mixed layer 57 were laminated on these substrates. An intermediate layer 53 is provided, and a diamond-like carbon film layer 54 having a high purity is formed on the intermediate layer 53.
The intermediate layer 53 enhances the adhesion between the base material and the diamond-like carbon film layer 54, and is laminated so as to increase the hardness sequentially from the base material to the diamond-like carbon film layer 54. According to this, peeling of the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 can be prevented, and a strong film layer can be formed. The intermediate layer 53 is formed by a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) processing method.

  The diamond-like carbon coating layer 54 is a coating layer excellent in self-lubricating properties, and has characteristics of a low surface friction coefficient and high wear resistance. In the present embodiment, the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 is formed by a PCVD (Plasma-enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) treatment method. The diamond-like carbon film layer 54 and the intermediate layer 53 preferably have a thickness T of about 3 to 5 μm.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sliding surface 54 </ b> A of the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 is moved forward and backward by a line P passing through a height ½ of the sliding surface 54 </ b> A (side surface of the vane). It is divided into two regions 54B and 54C along the direction.
As shown in FIG. 5, the upper region (region in the first direction) 54B has a bottomed first hole (hereinafter simply referred to as a center axis S1 inclined toward the direction X1 projecting from the vane groove 47). 61 (referred to as first holes) are arranged, and in the lower region (region in the second direction) 54C, the second bottomed with the central axis S2 inclined to the direction X2 side accommodated in the vane groove 47. Holes 62 (hereinafter simply referred to as second holes) are arranged. Further, in the present embodiment, a bottomed third hole having a central axis S3 perpendicular to the sliding surface 54A (hereinafter simply referred to as a third hole) is formed on the line P between the above-described regions 54B and 54C. 63 are arranged.

In the present embodiment, the central axis S1 of the first hole 61 is formed to be inclined by an angle α of about 30 to 45 degrees on the side of the direction X1 with respect to the line V extending vertically from the sliding surface 54A. ing. Similarly, the central axis S2 of the second hole 62 is formed to be inclined by an angle α of about 30 to 45 degrees on the side of the direction X2 with respect to the line V extending vertically from the sliding surface 54A. . In this case, it is desirable that the number of holes of the first holes 61 and the second holes 62 is set to be approximately the same.
According to this configuration, for example, when the vane 46 protrudes from the vane groove 47, the oil is discharged from the second hole 62 to ensure the lubricity of the sliding surface 54 </ b> A and the first hole 61. Excess oil flows into the. Further, when the vane 46 is stored in the vane groove 47, oil is discharged from the first hole 61 to ensure lubricity of the sliding surface 54 </ b> A, and excess oil is contained in the second hole 62. Inflow. For this reason, oil can be efficiently held in the first hole 61 or the second hole 62 formed to be inclined on the sliding surface 54A of the vane 46 that reciprocally moves. Therefore, the lubricating oil can be reliably supplied to the sliding surface 54A over a long period of time, and the lubricating performance can be improved.

  On the other hand, the third hole 63 is a hole for accommodating the abrasion powder generated when the sliding surface 54A and the wall surface 47A of the vane groove 47 slide. By providing between the 1 hole 61 and the 2nd hole 62, the wear powder which flowed with oil from each hole can be collected in the 3rd hole 63, and the frictional progression based on a wear powder is prevented. Can do.

  The first hole 61 to the third hole 63 are formed by, for example, laser irradiation. In this embodiment, the hole diameter E of each hole is substantially the same in a range of 0.5 μm to 2 μm. Is set to Further, the depth D of the first hole 61 to the third hole 63 is set to a value smaller than the thickness T of the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 and the intermediate layer 53, and in this embodiment, about 1 to 3 μm. Is set. This prevents the first hole 61 to the third hole 63 formed in the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 (and the intermediate layer 53) from reaching the surface of the base material. It can be prevented that the adhesion is deteriorated due to corrosion.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the first hole 61 to the third hole 63 are formed such that the distances L between the centers of the adjacent holes are substantially equal. For this reason, it becomes easy to adjust the amount of oil moving through each hole, and the lubrication performance of the sliding surface 54A can be enhanced. In the present embodiment, the pore area (porosity) with respect to the area of the sliding surface 54A is set to 5 to 10%. If this porosity is too low, the amount of oil retained in the pores will be reduced and lubrication performance will be reduced.If the porosity is too high, the sliding area will be reduced, and conversely the frictional resistance will be increased. It tends to end up. For this reason, by setting the pore area (porosity) with respect to the area of the sliding surface 54A to 5 to 10%, it is possible to prevent an increase in frictional resistance and maintain good lubrication performance.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the electric container 2 and the rotary compression element 4 driven by the crankshaft 3 of the electric element 2 are provided in the sealed container 1, and the rotary compression element 4 includes the cylinder 41. An eccentric portion 44 formed in the crankshaft 3, a roller 45 fitted into the eccentric portion 44 and rotated eccentrically in the cylinder 41, and the high pressure chamber 43B and the low pressure chamber 43A in the cylinder 41 in contact with the roller 45. The vane 46 is formed in the cylinder 41, and is provided with a vane groove 47 when the vane 46 is movably accommodated. The vane 46 is accommodated in the direction X1 protruding from the vane groove 47 and in the vane groove 47. A diamond-like carbon coating layer 54 is provided on a substrate that reciprocates in the direction X2, and oil is supplied between the diamond-like carbon coating layer 54 and the vane groove 47. The sliding surface 54A of the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 has a plurality of first holes 61 having a central axis S1 inclined on the direction X1 side, and a central axis S2 on the direction X2 side. For example, when the vane 46 protrudes from the vane groove 47, oil is discharged from the second hole 62 to improve the lubricity of the sliding surface 54A. In addition, the excess oil flows into the first hole 61. Further, when the vane 46 is stored in the vane groove 47, oil is discharged from the first hole 61 to ensure lubricity of the sliding surface 54 </ b> A, and excess oil is contained in the second hole 62. Inflow. For this reason, oil can be efficiently held in the first hole 61 or the second hole 62 formed to be inclined on the sliding surface 54A of the vane 46 that reciprocally moves. Therefore, oil can be reliably supplied to the sliding surface 54A over a long period of time, and the lubrication performance can be improved.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, since the number of holes of the first hole 61 and the second hole 62 is formed to be substantially equal, the amount of oil discharged from one of the first hole 61 and the second hole 62 And the amount of oil flowing into the other of the first air hole 61 and the second air hole 62 can be balanced, and the oil on the sliding surface 54A can be prevented from running out and the lubrication performance can be improved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the upper region 54B of the sliding surface 54A, the first holes 61 having the central axis S1 inclined toward the direction X1 projecting from the vane groove 47 are arranged, and the lower side In the region 54C, since the second holes 62 with the central axis S2 inclined are arranged on the side in the direction X2 to be accommodated in the vane groove 47, each hole can be easily provided, and in each region It becomes easy to adjust the amount of oil present, and the lubricating performance of the sliding surface 54A can be enhanced.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the third holes 63 having the central axis S3 perpendicular to the sliding surface 54A are arranged between the first holes 61 and the second holes 62. The wear powder that has flowed with the oil can be collected in the third hole 63, and the progress of friction based on the wear powder can be prevented.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the depth D of the first hole 61 to the third hole 63 is set to a value smaller than the thickness T of the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 and the intermediate layer 53. In addition, the first to sixth holes 61 to 63 formed in the diamond-like carbon film layer 54 (and the intermediate layer 53) are prevented from reaching the surface of the base material, and the surface of the base material is corroded by oxidation or the like. Thus, it is possible to prevent the adhesion from deteriorating.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, a plurality of intermediate layers 53 are formed between the base material and the diamond-like carbon coating layer 54, and these intermediate layers 53 are sequentially formed from the base material to the diamond-like carbon coating layer 54. Since the layers are laminated so as to increase the hardness, the adhesion between the base material and the diamond-like carbon coating layer 54 can be improved, and the peeling of the diamond-like carbon coating layer 54 is prevented, thereby forming a strong coating layer. be able to.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the present embodiment, the sliding surface 54A is divided into two regions 54B and 54C in the advancing and retreating direction, the first holes 61 are arranged in the region 54B, and the second holes 62 are arranged in the region 54C. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first holes 61 and the second holes 62 may be randomly arranged on the entire sliding surface 54A. In the present embodiment, the single-stage rotary compressor 100 has been described. However, the present invention may be applied to a multi-stage rotary compressor.
Moreover, although the rotary compressor 100 was demonstrated by the vertical type, the rotary compressor 100 is not restricted to a vertical type, A horizontal installation type may be sufficient.

1 Airtight container 2 Electric element (drive element)
3 Crankshaft (Rotating shaft)
3B Sliding surface 4 Rotary compression element 6 Suction pipe 8 Oil 41 Cylinder 43 Compression chamber 43A Low pressure chamber 43B High pressure chamber 44 Eccentric portion 45 Roller 46 Vane (sliding member)
46A Sliding surface 47 Vane groove (vane slot)
50 Oil pickup 50A Lower end 51 Paddle 52 Oil supply hole 53 Intermediate layer 54 Diamond-like carbon film layer (hard carbon film layer)
54A Sliding surface 54B Upper area (first direction area)
54C Lower area (second direction area)
61 1st hole 62 2nd hole 63 3rd hole 100 Compressor S1, S2 Central axis X1 Direction protruding from vane groove (first direction)
X2 Direction to be stored in the vane groove (second direction)

Claims (6)

A hard carbon coating layer is provided on a base material that reciprocates in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a lubricating oil is supplied between the hard carbon coating layer and a counterpart member. In sliding members that slide,
A plurality of bottomed first holes having a central axis inclined toward the first direction side and a plurality of bottomed bottoms having a central axis inclined toward the second direction side on the sliding surface of the hard carbon coating layer A sliding member in which the second holes are arranged.   2. The sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the first holes and the second holes are formed to have substantially the same number of holes.   The said 1st hole is arranged in the area | region of the said 1st direction side in the said sliding surface, The said 2nd hole is arranged in the area | region of the said 2nd direction side, The Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. The sliding member as described.   The sliding according to claim 3, wherein a bottomed third hole having a central axis perpendicular to the sliding surface is arranged between the first hole and the second hole. Element.   5. The sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the first hole and the second hole are formed to a depth that does not reach a surface of the base material. A sealed element is provided with a drive element and a rotary compression element driven by the rotary shaft of the drive element, and the rotary compression element includes a cylinder, an eccentric portion formed on the rotary shaft, and the eccentric portion. A roller that is fitted and eccentrically rotates in the cylinder, a vane that abuts the roller and divides the inside of the cylinder into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber, and a vane slot that is formed in the cylinder and movably accommodates the vane In a compressor equipped with
The vane includes a hard carbon coating layer on a base material that reciprocates in a first direction protruding from the vane slot and a second direction accommodated in the vane slot, and the vane slot is provided between the hard carbon coating layer and the vane slot. A plurality of bottomed first holes with a central axis inclined toward the first direction side on the sliding surface of the hard carbon film layer, and A compressor characterized by arranging a plurality of bottomed second holes whose central axes are inclined on the second direction side.

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