JP2012519031A - Spine rod system and method of use - Google Patents

Abstract

The spinal rod includes a first elongate section that defines a first thickness. The second elongate section defines a second thickness. The intermediate compartment is disposed between the first compartment and the second compartment and defines a third thickness. The third thickness has a dimension that is less than at least one dimension of the first thickness and the second thickness. The intermediate section has an inner surface that defines an open end. The resistance member has an outer surface configured to engage at least a portion of the inner surface.
[Selection] Figure 44

Description

  Spine disorders such as degenerative disc disease, disc herniation, osteoporosis, spondylolisthesis, stenosis, scoliosis, and other curvature abnormalities, kyphosis, tumors, and fractures are caused by trauma, disease, and injury or aging This can be caused by factors including physical condition changes. Spine disorders typically result in symptoms including pain, nerve damage, and partial or complete loss of mobility.

  Non-surgical treatments such as drug treatment, rehabilitation, and exercise can be effective, but can fail to eliminate symptoms associated with these disorders. Surgical treatment of these spinal disorders includes discectomy, laminectomy, fusion, and implantable prostheses. As part of these surgical treatments, connecting elements such as spinal rods are often used to provide stability to the treatment site. During surgical treatment, one or more rods can be attached to the exterior of two or more spinal segments.

  The rod redirects pressure away from the damaged or defective site and generally supports the spine while treatment is being performed to restore proper alignment. In some applications, the rod is attached to the spinal portion without using an implant or spinal fusion. Flexible connecting elements are also known which can limit the movement of the spine of the spinal motion part. Such flexible connecting elements can provide dynamic spinal support. While traditional connecting elements have attempted to provide effective spinal stabilization, they provide a dynamically stabilizing resistance to force and effectively stabilize the structural integrity of the spinal segment and connecting element There is still a need for a connecting element that allows movement of the spine portion in flexion and extension.

  Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a dynamic spinal rod system with the ability to flex and stretch while reducing the pressure on the spinal element while providing stability. Desirably, the spinal rod system includes a resistance member that provides resistance to movement and pressure in the spinal rod. Most desirably, the spinal rod system includes a tensile element that resists movement and pressure. Highly desirable properties such as rod stiffness, system range of motion and fatigue strength are adjustable.

  Accordingly, a dynamic spinal rod system is provided that has the ability to flex and stretch while providing stability while reducing pressure on the spinal elements. Desirably, the spinal rod system includes a resistance member that provides resistance to movement and pressure to the spinal rod. The spinal rod system is intended to include a tension element that resists movement and pressure. Furthermore, it is also intended that characteristics such as rod stiffness, range of motion, and fatigue strength of the spinal rod system are adjustable. It is envisioned that the disclosed system can be utilized as a posterior, anterior and / or lateral dynamic stabilization device. The components of the spinal rod system are easily manufactured and assembled.

  In one embodiment, the spinal rod system includes a dynamic spinal rod with flexion and extension capabilities and methods of use. The spinal rod includes upper and lower compartments separated by a relatively flexible middle compartment. The middle section includes one or more members and can have a variety of configurations to provide greater flexibility than the upper and lower sections. The resilient resistance member can be placed in the intermediate compartment. The middle compartment and / or the resilient resistance member provides a variable resistance while the upper and lower compartments move.

  In an alternative embodiment, the resistance may increase as the upper and lower compartments move from the first orientation to the second orientation, and may include a load or force applied as a bend and / or stretch to the compartments. In another embodiment, the range of motion of the upper and lower compartments is limited. The rods can be made from a variety of materials including metals, polymers, ceramics and / or composites thereof. Elastic resistance members can be made from a variety of polymers including silicone, polyurethane, silicone polyurethane, polymeric rubber and hydrogel.

In another embodiment, the rod is formed of a thermoplastic resin such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), PEK, carbon PEEK composite, PEEK-BaSO ₄ and has a curved, flexible, encased polyurethane bumper. Has an intermediate compartment. The upper and lower compartments of the PEEK rod can be oval or circular in cross section. Since the middle section is C-shaped and has upper and lower sections connected near the open end of the middle section, the overall length of the rod increases when the spine flexes and decreases when the spine extends.

  In another alternative embodiment, a tension band such as a cable, tether, sleeve and / or jacket is used to connect the upper and lower compartments so as to limit movement and pressure to the middle compartment when the spine is stretched Can be used. The stiffness, range of motion and fatigue strength of the rod can be adjustable. Other variations in rod configuration and materials are also contemplated to achieve similar flex extension capabilities.

  In one embodiment, the spinal rod can be manufactured via injection molding using PEEK material and injection molding using polyurethane material for the bumper. Assembly includes the insertion of a bumper into the rod.

  In alternative embodiments, the intermediate section may be modified to adjust or change its stiffness or compliance, thereby changing similar properties of the rod. Such modifications include modifying the cross-sectional thickness of the rod, modifying the profile or contour of a particular cross-section of the rod, corrugated patterns (or peaks / valleys), grooves, ridges, ridges on the surface of the rod. Defining a particular pattern, such as a gaze, applying heat treatment to the rod, and increasing the resistance enhancement of the rod by a tension band, tether or cable. The bumper is intended to have various dimensions or shapes, such as cylindrical, spherical, rectangular or other regular or irregular shapes. Further, it is contemplated that the bumper can be made from materials including polymers, elastomers, metals or ceramics or combinations thereof. Alternatively, the bumper can be solid, porous and can be designed to include a pattern to modify tensile stress, stiffness or compliance. Various structures are also contemplated for securing the bumper to the rod, such as non-fixing screws or other functions.

  Alternatively, the spinal rod system can include a non-fixed polyaxial screw and a rod having an end stop section, wherein the end stop cooperates with the bending / bending of the rod to bend-extend. Allows the spinal rod to slide within the screw under the movement of The non-fixing screw prevents the engagement failure, that is, prevents the rod from falling off the screw. Other anti-engagement configurations are also envisioned, such as long end caps, end bumpers or stoppers, to limit sliding or prevent the rod from sliding off the screw.

  The rods can have an inclined orientation or curvature and multiple / variable rod lengths to provide a finish or shape during surgery. Rod system parameters such as rod stiffness can be varied by modifying rod and / or bumper parameters such as material, material tensile stress, thickness, contour, component design and porosity. It is assumed. Thus, the spinal rod system may be adjustable with modular and / or variable rod stiffness and / or bumper stiffness. The rod has a static shear strength capable of withstanding a force of at least 100 Newtons (N) applied to the rod, preferably at least 200 N, and most preferably at least 400 N, and is always at least 2 millimeters (mm). With a deflection of preferably at least 5 mm and at least 10 mm.

  In one particular embodiment, a spinal rod is provided in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The spinal rod includes a first elongated section that defines a first thickness. The second elongated section defines a second thickness. The intermediate compartment is disposed between the first compartment and the second compartment and defines a third thickness. The third thickness has a dimension that is smaller than the dimension of at least one of the first compartment and the second compartment. The intermediate compartment has an interior surface that defines an open end. The resistance member has an outer surface configured to engage at least a portion of the inner surface.

  At least one of the first thickness and the second thickness is assumed to be a diameter. The intermediate section defines a width for each of the first thickness and the second thickness such that the dimension of the third thickness is less than or equal to the width. The intermediate section is cut based on the dimension of the third thickness so that the cross-sectional area of the intermediate section is greater than or equal to 10% of the cross-sectional area of at least one of the first section and the second section. The first section can define a cross-sectional area based on a first thickness dimension, and the second section can define a cross-sectional area based on a second thickness dimension. .

  The width dimension may be greater than or equal to the dimension of at least one of the first thickness and the second thickness. The open end has a height dimension that is greater than or equal to 25% of at least one dimension of the first thickness and the second thickness. The height of the opening in between can be defined. The intermediate compartment may have a U-shaped configuration defining a correspondingly shaped inner surface and an open end, whereby the resistance member is configured to prevent the open end from closing. The inner surface has a vertical distance between the first and second compartments adjacent to the open end so that the offset distance is 50% or more of the dimension of at least one of the first thickness and the second thickness. A central portion located at a distance offset from the axis can be defined.

  Alternatively, the intermediate section has a V-shaped configuration defining a correspondingly shaped inner surface and an open end, whereby the resistance member is configured to prevent the open end from closing. The inner surface has a vertical distance between the first and second compartments adjacent to the open end so that the offset distance is 50% or more of the dimension of at least one of the first thickness and the second thickness. A midline located at a distance offset from the axis can be defined.

  In an alternative embodiment, the spinal rod includes a flexible intermediate section disposed between the first section and the second section. The flexible intermediate section defines an oval cavity and has an arcuate inner surface that includes a securing portion. In an arrangement that increases resistance to movement from the first orientation by the first and second compartments, an elliptical bumper is mounted with the fixed portion and is hollow for engagement with the internal surface. Placed inside.

  In another alternative embodiment, the spinal rod includes a middle section having a first fixation portion and an interior surface defining an open end. The first compartment is positioned adjacent to the open end such that the first compartment and the intermediate compartment define a first transition defining a first surface. The second compartment is disposed adjacent to the open end such that the second compartment and the intermediate compartment define a second transition defining a second surface, the first surface being the second It is arranged to form an angle with respect to the surface of. The resistance member has an exterior surface that defines a second securing portion configured to engage the first securing portion, thereby being secured and engaged with at least a portion of the interior surface.

  The intermediate section can extend from the first transition and the second transition such that the intermediate section is offset from the first section and the second section. The intermediate section may have a correspondingly shaped inner surface and a C-shaped configuration defining an open end, whereby the resistance member is configured to prevent closure of the open end.

1 is a perspective view of one particular embodiment of a spinal rod system in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a spinal rod of the spinal rod system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a side plan view of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a resistance member of the spinal rod system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the resistance member taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vertebral rod system of the present disclosure attached to a vertebra. FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a spinal rod system of the present disclosure attached to a vertebrae, illustrating rod movement. FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a front view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a spinal rod system employing the spinal rod shown in FIG. 10 attached to a vertebra. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 12 is a front view of an alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the resistance member shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of the resistance member shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of the resistance member shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of the resistance member shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a spinal rod system attached to a vertebra. FIG. 9 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a spinal rod system employing the spinal rod shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 24 is a front view of the spinal rod system shown in FIG. 23. FIG. 9 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a spinal rod system employing the spinal rod shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 26 is a front view of the spinal rod system shown in FIG. 25. FIG. 9 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a spinal rod system employing the spinal rod shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 28 is a front view of the spinal rod system shown in FIG. 27. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a side perspective view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 45 is a side cross-sectional view of the spinal rod taken along line 45-45 shown in FIG. 44. FIG. 45 is a front cross-sectional view of the spinal rod taken along line 46-46 shown in FIG. 44. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 49 is a front view of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 48. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the resistance member shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 52 is a front view of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 51. FIG. 52 is an enlarged side cutaway view of the spinal rod shown in FIG. 51. A through H are cross-sectional views of alternative embodiments of a fixation portion of a spinal rod in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.
Throughout the drawings, like reference numerals indicate like parts.
Exemplary embodiments of the disclosed spinal rod system and methods of use are discussed in terms of medical instruments for the treatment of spinal disorders, and more particularly a dynamic spine with flexion and extension capabilities Considered from the viewpoint of the rod system. The disclosed spinal rod system and method of use are envisioned to provide stability and maintain structural integrity while reducing pressure on the spinal elements. The present disclosure is for treating spinal disorders such as degenerative disc disease, intervertebral disc herniation, osteoporosis, spondylolisthesis, stenosis, scoliosis, and other curvature abnormalities, kyphosis, tumors, and fractures, for example. It is assumed that it can be adopted. Furthermore, the present disclosure is employed in surgical treatments including open surgery and minimally invasive procedures for such disorders, such as discectomy, laminectomy, fusion, bone graft, implantable prosthesis, etc. It is assumed that it is possible. It is envisioned that the present disclosure may be employed in other bone tissue and bone applications, including their associated diagnosis and therapeutics. Further, it is envisioned that the disclosed spinal rod system can be employed for surgical treatment in the patient's prone or supine position, employing a posterior, lateral, or anterior approach. Yes. The present disclosure can be employed in procedures for the treatment of lumbar, cervical, thoracic and pelvic sites in the spinal column.

  The present invention may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this disclosure. The present invention is not limited to the specific devices, methods, conditions, or parameters described and / or presented herein, and the techniques used herein are specific embodiments that are intended to be exemplary only. It will be understood that the invention is described and is not intended to limit the invention described in the claims. Also, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, “the” include plurals, and references to specific numerical values are Unless specifically stated otherwise, includes at least that particular value. Ranges can be expressed herein as representing “about” or “approximately” one particular value and / or to “about” or “approximately” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations using the aforementioned “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment.

  The following discussion includes exemplary methods that employ spinal rod systems, related components, and spinal rods in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. Alternative embodiments are also disclosed. Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Turning now to FIGS. 1-5, there are illustrated components of a spinal rod system in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure.

The components of the spinal rod system are manufactured from materials suitable for medical applications, including metals, polymers, ceramics, biocompatible materials and / or composites thereof, depending on the specific needs and / or preferences of medical personnel. Is done. For example, one of the spinal rods of the spinal rod system discussed below is such as titanium, PEEK, PEKK, and polyaryletherketone (PAEK) containing PEK, carbon PEEK composite, PEEK-BaSO ₄ polymeric rubber. Manufactured from materials such as biocompatible materials such as rigid thermoplastics including plastics, plastics, metals, ceramics and their composites, polyphenylenes, polyamides, polyimides, polyetherimides, polyethylenes, and epoxies Different compartments of the rod can achieve various desired properties such as strength, stiffness, elasticity, compliance, biomechanical performance, durability, and radiographic or image preferences, There may be alternative composite materials.

  For example, the spinal rod can be formed of two or more materials. In one embodiment, the elongated rod section can be made from carbon reinforced PEEK and the middle section can be made from PEEK. In another embodiment, the elongated rod section is manufactured from PEEK and the intermediate section is manufactured from carbon reinforced PEEK. In another embodiment, a non-bendable material such as a metal or other composite material is used for the core of the rod section and a polymeric material with low tensile stress is used for the radially outer portion of the rod section (or vice versa). Alternative materials can be employed in the radial direction of the spinal rod. In another embodiment employing a composite material similar to that described above, the elongated rod section can have a cylindrical shape and the intermediate section can have a rectangular or elliptical shape.

  As further examples, resistance members of spinal rod systems include silicones, polyurethanes, silicone polyurethane copolymers, polymeric rubbers, polyolefin rubbers, hydrogels, semi-rigid and rigid materials, and elastomers, rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers, thermal It can be made from materials such as curable elastomers, elastomer composites and biocompatible materials such as plastics. It is envisaged that the rod section can be manufactured, for example, by machining and milling and / or injection molding of a solid storage material. The resistance member can be manufactured by, for example, machining, milling, extrusion and die cutting, injection molding, transfer molding, and / or cast molding. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that materials and methods suitable for assembly and manufacture in accordance with the present disclosure would be appropriate.

  The spinal rod system is configured to be attached to a vertebra during surgical treatment of a spinal disorder (eg, as shown in FIG. 6), examples of which are discussed herein. The spinal rod system has a spinal rod 30 that includes a first elongate section, such as an upper section 32 that defines a longitudinal axis a. A second elongated section, such as the lower section 34, defines a longitudinal axis b.

  The intermediate compartment 36 is connected to the compartments 32, 34 and is disposed between them as a connecting compartment of the components of the spinal rod 30. It is envisioned that the components of the spinal rod 30 are connected or arranged integrally with the attachment element. The intermediate compartment 36 is flexible compared to the compartments 32, 34 and is configured to resist movement of the compartments 32, 34. It is envisioned that the intermediate section 36 may increase, change, stabilize and / or decrease the resistance. It is contemplated that the compartments 32, 34, 36 can be of various dimensions, for example with respect to length, width, diameter and thickness. Further, it is envisioned that the cross-sections of each of the compartments 32, 34, 36 can have a variety of configurations, such as circular, oval, rectangular, irregular, isomorphous, and irregular. The compartment 32 may have a different cross-sectional area, shape, material, or material properties such as strength, tensile stress or flexibility than the compartment 34.

  The intermediate section 36 can have various thicknesses t (FIG. 3), depending on the requirements of a particular application. It is envisioned that the thickness t of the intermediate section 36 can be in the range of 1-10 mm, preferably in the range of 2-8 mm, and most preferably in the range of 3-5 mm. Further, it is envisioned that the cross-sectional shape or cross-sectional area of the compartment 36 may be isomorphous, irregular, invariant or variable.

  It is envisioned that the intermediate section 36 may be configured as a flexible joint having a wide, narrow, circular or irregular configuration. Further, it is envisioned that the intermediate section 36 can be of various configurations and dimensions with respect to size, outline, thickness, shape and material. The intermediate compartment 36 may also have one or more elements that connect the compartments 32, 34, such as those spaced apart from each other, in a staggered pattern, and mesh. The intermediate compartment 36 may be manufactured from the same material as compartments 32, 34 or an alternative material. The intermediate section 36 may also have a different cross-sectional area, shape, or material properties such as strength, tensile stress and flexibility than the sections 32, 34. The intermediate compartment 36 can be connected to the compartments 32, 34 using a variety of methods and structures, including continuous component casting, mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, and combinations thereof. It is envisioned that the intermediate section 36 has a flexible hinge configuration that can be offset forward or backward from the central axis of the rod 30 to modify the flexibility or stiffness of the spinal rod system. Further, the cross-sectional area (or thickness) of the intermediate section 36, the tensile stress of the material related to the hardness of the bumper 50 described below, and a range of 0-30 percent including a void volume correction in the range of 10 microns to 1 mm. It is envisioned that certain parameters, including correction of the porosity of the rod, as well as rod material properties, can be selected to adjust the flexibility or stiffness of the spinal rod system. These parameters adjust the properties or performance of the spinal rod system, such as strength, durability, flexibility (or stiffness), overall contour and ability to adopt a percutaneous approach, to suit a particular application. enable.

  The intermediate section 36 includes a flexible joining member 37 having a C-shaped configuration and defining a correspondingly shaped arcuate inner surface 38 and an open end 40. It is envisioned that the joining member 37 may have alternative configurations such as a U shape, a V shape, or a W shape. It is further contemplated that the spinal rod 30 may include one or more intermediate compartments 36 that are spaced along the length of the rod 30. In embodiments including a plurality of compartments 36, the plurality of compartments 36 may be similarly oriented or aligned, unaligned, offset, toward the open end or toward the vertebra, and alternative It can be arranged in alternative orientations, such as in an angular orientation.

  The upper section 32 is disposed adjacent to the upper portion 42 of the open end 40 and its transition defines a front face 43. The lower compartment 34 is disposed adjacent to the lower portion 44 and its transition defines a front face 45. Inner surface 38 defines a cavity 46 and a first anchor, such as a column 48. As shown in FIG. 3, the post 48 has a cylindrical first portion 49 a and a second portion 49 b that increases in diameter as the post 48 moves to the face 38.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cavity 46 is configured to place a resistance member, such as a bumper 50, for example. The bumper 50 has an outer surface 52 that defines a second securing portion, such as an opening 54. Opening 54 has a first portion 55a configured to receive portion 49a and a second portion 55b having an increasing diameter and configured to receive portion 49b. The opening 54 receives the column 48 for securing and mounting the bumper 50 with the spinal rod 30 and secures these components of the spinal rod in place. The portions 49a, 49b are envisioned with various configurations and dimensions, and the portions 55a, 55b are envisioned with corresponding configurations and dimensions for receipt thereof. The portions 49a, 49b can be uniform in configuration and dimensions. The first securing portion may include one or more elements, may be variously disposed around the intermediate compartment 36, or may employ fastening elements and adhesives, and at the same time It is assumed that the two fixing portions are configured to correspond to the engagement with the first fixing portion.

  Bumper 50 is an elastic material and is configured to provide variable resistance to movement of compartments 32, 34 and 36. It is envisioned that the bumper 50 may increase, change, stabilize, and / or decrease the resistance. The bumper 50 is disposed inside the cavity 46 and engages the surface 38 with intimate engagement. The bumper 50 can be variously configured in terms of size and shape, such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a triangle, a sphere, and an irregular shape. The bumper 50 is assumed to have a hardness in the range of 20 Shore A to 55 Shore D, preferably between 70 and 90 Shore A. The material of the bumper 50 can be solid or porous, homogeneous or heterogeneous, a single polymer or a mixture / composite of one or more polymers. The elasticity of the bumper 50 can prevent creep and improve the shape recovery of the spinal rod system. The bumper 50 is assumed to be configured to prevent and / or resist closing of the open end 40. Further, the bumper 50 is secured to the intermediate compartment 36 at an appropriate location, and preferably mechanically secured to the intermediate compartment 36 in a configuration for moving and ejecting therefrom. In other embodiments, the bumper 50 can be organized, encapsulated, adhesively bonded, or molded to the spinal rod 30. The bumper 50 can be assembled by being inserted into the cavity 46. Alternatively, it can be formed in situ by, for example, a pouch, bag or balloon having a bumper configuration inserted into the cavity 46 and injected with a curable material.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the first orientation of the spinal rod 30, the longitudinal axis a is disposed around the joining member 37 at an angle x with respect to the longitudinal axis b. The angle x is desirably in the range of 135 ° to less than 180 °, and most desirably in the range of 150 ° to 160 °. The angle x can be equal to 180 °. In the first orientation, it is assumed that the spinal rod 30 is not subjected to bending or stretching forces. As the compartments 32, 34, 36 move from the first orientation to the second orientation, bending and / or stretching forces are applied to the spinal rod 30. In this manner, the bumper 50 engages and interacts with the intermediate compartment 36 in a configuration that increases resistance to movement of the compartments 32, 34 from the first orientation to the second orientation. Movement of the spinal rod system components between one or more orientations is contemplated, including various levels of increase and decrease in resistance of spinal rod system components.
As described in the present invention with respect to assembly, operation and use, spinal rod systems have been employed in surgical procedures for the treatment of spinal disorders affecting the patient's spinal compartment. The spinal rod system can also be used for other surgical procedures. In particular, the spinal rod system has been employed in surgical procedures to treat the symptoms and wounds of the affected section of the spinal column, including the spine V, as shown in FIGS. The spinal rod system is intended to be connected to the spine V in such a way that the movement of the affected section of the spinal column is performed stably in order to promote healing and treatment while maintaining the function of flexion and extension. Has been.

  In use, a physician gains access to the surgical site containing the spinal column V by any suitable method, such as an incision and tissue retrieval, to treat the affected section of the spinal column. The vertebral rod system performs open surgery, small open surgery, minimally invasive surgery, and transection performed by making a very small incision into the spine V or through a sleeve tube that provides a protected passage to its compartment. It is envisioned that it can be used in any existing surgical method or technique, including skin surgical implantation. Once gained access to the surgical site, the surgical procedure is performed to treat the spinal disorder. The spinal rod system may be delivered, implanted as a pre-assembled device, or assembled in situ. The spinal rod system may be fully improved, partially improved, removed, or replaced, such as replacing only the bumper 50 using a fastening element in place, or replacing the rod 30 and the bumper 50. can do.

The first fastening element, for example, to attach the upper section 32 to the spine V _1, the fixing screw assembly 70 is formed. The second fastening element, for example, a fixing screw assembly 71 is formed to attach the lower compartment 34 to the spine V _2. Guide holes for receiving the fixing screw assembly 70, 71, are made in the spine _V 1, _{V 2.} The fixation screw assemblies 70, 71 include a threaded bone engagement portion 72 that is inserted or otherwise connected to the vertebrae V ₁ , V ₂ depending on the specific requirements of the surgical procedure. Each of the fixation screw assemblies 70, 71 has a head 74 with a hole or through-hole and a set of screws 76 to attach the rod 30 to the spine V in a fixed location, as will be described below. Torque into compartments 32, 34.

As shown in FIG. 6, the spinal rod system includes a rod 30 spaced in two axes and compartments 32, 34 extend through holes in the head 74. In order to securely attach the rod 30 to the spine V ₁ , V ₂ , the set of screws 76 of each head 74 is torqued to the end of the rod 30. In securing the spinal rod system to the spine V, the spinal rod 30 is configured to increase the resistance to movement of the compartments 32, 34 while the spinal column is flexed and extended. For example, the spinal rod 30 is unloaded as shown in FIG. 7A, corresponds to the first direction described above, and has appreciable tension on the spines V ₁ , V _2. Or there is no compressive load. As the spine V bends and / or stretches caused by the corresponding movement of the patient, the rod 30 responds to increased resistance while moving in the second, third or more directions.

  During bending, the upper section 32 moves in conjunction with the upper section 34 in the direction of arrow F, as shown in FIG. 7B. The joining member 37 flexibly extends in the circumferential direction of the bumper 50 so that the intermediate section 36 compresses the bumper 50. This configuration increases the resistance force during flexion. During extension, the upper section 32 moves in conjunction with the section 34 in the direction indicated by the arrow E, as shown in FIG. 7C. The joining member 37 is flexibly compressed in the circumferential direction of the bumper 50. To prevent the joining member 37 from significantly compressing the bumper 50, the inner side 38 adjacent to the bumper 50 is in tension and the opposite end of the joining member 37 is in compression. During extension, the resistance increases. The increased resistance during flexion and extension limits the movement of the spine V due to the dynamic stability of the spinal treatment section.

  The spinal rod system can be used with a variety of bone screws, such as pedicle screws or polyaxial screws (MAS) used in spinal surgery. The spinal rod system is a pedicle coated with an osteoconductive material, such as hydroxyapatite and / or an osteoconductive agent, such as a bone morphogenetic protein, that enhances bone fixation to promote movement of the treated spinal region. It is contemplated that it may be used with screws. Rod 30 and bumper 50 may be made of a radiolucent material such as a polymer. Radio markers can be included for identification under X-ray, propensity fluoroscopy, CT or other imaging techniques. A metal or earthenware radio marker, such as a tantalum bead, tantalum pin, titanium pin, titanium end cap and platinum wire, is placed along the end of the rod 30 and / or along the longitudinal direction of the adjacent joining member 37 or bumper 50 can be used together.

  Referring to FIG. 8, in another embodiment of the spinal rod 30, the upper compartment 32 and the lower compartment 34 have a longitudinal axis α about the open end 40 and a longitudinal axis b similar to that described for FIGS. With respect to the angle z. The angle z is preferably from 135 degrees to less than 180 degrees, and most preferably from 150 degrees to 160 degrees. The angle z may be equal to 180 degrees. Referring to FIG. 9, in any other embodiment of the spinal rod 30, the upper compartment 32 and the lower compartment 34 are positioned at an angle y with the longitudinal axis a around the intermediate compartment 36 relative to the longitudinal axis b. . It is arranged obliquely in the horizontal axis direction. The angle y is desirably between 135 ° and less than 180 °, and most desirably between 150 ° and 160 °. The angle y may be equal to 180 °. It is contemplated that the spinal rod system may be arranged in a direction that forms a particular angle z and angle y such that the rod 30 is oblique with respect to both the transverse and longitudinal directions. .

  Referring to FIG. 10, another embodiment of a spinal rod system includes a spinal rod 130, similar to the spinal rod 30 described with respect to FIGS. The spinal rod 130 includes an upper compartment 132, an intermediate compartment 136, and a lower compartment 134, as described above. The upper section 132 has a first length and the lower section 134 has a second length longer than that. In the first direction of the spinal rod 130, the longitudinal axis a is disposed around the open end 140 at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis b. It is contemplated that the vertical axis a may be arranged with respect to the vertical axis b in other angular directions including the angles discussed in the present invention.

  The lower section 134 has an arcuate configuration and an increased length with the ability to extend more than twice as much as the inner spinal element. It is contemplated that this configuration of the spinal rod system can provide dynamic and flexible stability across multiple intervertebral levels, including treated and untreated spinal and intervertebral levels. Still further, it is contemplated that the lower section 134 is less flexible than the upper section 132 and the middle section 136, ie, it is harder and more stable. It is envisioned that lower compartment 134 is attached to the spine across a lower compartment lumbar plane, such as plane L5-S1. The lower compartment 134 may be cut or trimmed during the surgical procedure so that, for example, the size of the spinal rod 130 can be changed according to patient requirements or the specific needs of the surgical treatment or medical personnel.

  The arcuate configuration of the lower section 134 has a radius of curvature rr. Desirably, the radius of curvature rr is in the range of 20 to 400 mm, more desirably in the range of 50 to 200 mm, and most desirably in the range of 100 to 150 mm. In another embodiment, the upper section 132 has an arcuate configuration and / or an increased length similar to that described above. The upper section 132 configured in an arcuate shape has a radius of curvature that includes the range discussed in the present invention. It is contemplated that the arcuately configured section 132 may have a radius and the same or different orientation as the lower section 134. Further, it is contemplated that the upper section 132 may be disposed obliquely in the horizontal direction, as discussed with respect to FIGS.

Referring to FIG. 11, another embodiment of a method of using a spinal rod system in a surgical procedure for treatment of spinal column disorders includes the spinal rod 130 described above, similar to that described with respect to FIGS. . The spinal rod system is fixed with a threaded bone engagement portion 172 that is inserted into or otherwise coupled to the vertebrae V ₁ , V _2, and V ₃ depending on the specific requirements of the surgical treatment. Screw assemblies 170, 171 and 173 are included. Each of the fixation screw assemblies 170, 171, and 173 has a head 174 with a set of screws 176 therethrough that are torqued to the spinal rod 130 for mounting the rod 130 in the spine V.

The upper section 132 has a shorter rod length compared to the lower section 134. Fixing screw assembly 170 is the torque to the upper section 132 for attachment to the vertebrae _{V 1.} The lower compartment 134 has a longer rod length that extends across the intervertebral disk elements I ₁ and I ₂ . Fixing screw assembly 171, 173 is the torque in the lower compartment 134 for attachment to a spine _V 2, _{V 3.} Movement is retained while providing untreated intervertebral level stability.

  The upper compartment 132 and the middle compartment 136 are envisioned for use at lumbar levels such as L4-L5. Lower compartment 134 is contemplated for use at lower lumbar levels such as L5-S1. It is contemplated that the spinal rod 130 is configured such that the lower section 134 is cut or trimmed as desired during the surgical procedure. It is envisioned that the spinal rod may be heat treated during surgery to obtain the optimal curvature and shape for the patient. Further, it is envisioned that the spinal rod 130 may include one or more intermediate compartments 136 spaced along the entire length of the rod 130. For example, the additional section 136 may be disposed between the fixing screws 171 and 173. In embodiments including a plurality of compartments 136, the plurality of compartments 136 may be aligned, non-aligned, oblique, open end opposite the spine, non-opposing open end, similar angular orientation, such as another angular orientation, or another orientation. May be placed in

  Referring to FIG. 12, in another embodiment, the spinal rod 130 has a linearly configured lower section 234. In the first direction of the spinal rod 130, the upper section 132 defines a longitudinal axis a that is at an angle xx with respect to the longitudinal axis b of the lower section 234 around the open end 140 of the intermediate section 136. Be placed. The angle xx is desirably between 135 ° and less than 180 °, and most desirably between 150 ° and 160 °. The angle xx may be equal to 180 °.

  Referring to FIG. 13, in any other embodiment of the spinal rod 130, the axis a is positioned at an angle yy relative to the longitudinal axis b with respect to the side of the intermediate compartment 136, as described with respect to FIG. As described above, the upper section 132 and the lower section 234 are arranged obliquely in the horizontal axis direction. The angle yy is desirably in the range of 135 ° to less than 180 °, and most desirably in the range of 150 ° to 160 °. The angle yy may be equal to 180 °. It is contemplated that the spinal rod system may be arranged to form an angle corresponding to a particular angle xy and angle yy so that the rod 130 is slanted in both the longitudinal and lateral directions. .

  Referring to FIG. 14, in another embodiment of the spinal rod 130, the lower section 334 has an arcuate shape with a radius corresponding to the curvature r, similar to that described for FIG. Desirably, the radius of curvature r is in the range of 20 to 400 mm, more desirably in the range of 50 to 200 mm, and most desirably in the range of 100 to 150 mm.

Referring to FIG. 15, in any other embodiment of spinal rod 130, as described above, upper section 432 has an arcuate shape with a radius corresponding to curvature r1, preferably curvature. The radius of r ₁ is in the range of 20 to 400 mm, more preferably in the range of 50 to 200 mm, and most preferably in the range of 100 to 150 mm. The lower section 434 has a undulating configuration with a radius corresponding to the curvatures r ₂ and r ₃ . Preferably the radius of curvature _r 2, _{r 3} is 20～400Mm, more preferably is 50 to 200 mm, and most preferably is 100 to 150 mm, and equal, not equal to the value or zero, .

Referring to FIG. 16, in any other embodiment of the spine 130 shown in FIG. 15, the lower section 434 includes a laterally oriented curvature with a radius corresponding to the curvature r ₄ , which is desirable Is in the range of 20 to 400 mm, more preferably in the range of 50 to 200 mm, and most preferably in the range of 100 to 150 mm.

  Referring to FIG. 17, in any other embodiment of spinal rod 30, intermediate section 536 has an inner surface 538 that includes a plurality of grooves 580, similar to that described in FIGS. The grooves 580 are disposed laterally around the circumference of the inner surface 538. Intermediate section 538 has an outer surface 582 that includes a plurality of grooves 584. The groove 584 is disposed around the bonding member 537 in the lateral direction. It is also envisioned that one or more grooves are defined by the surfaces 538, 582. It is also envisioned that the grooves 580, 584 are oriented in the longitudinal direction. The grooves 580, 584 may be disposed only on either the surface 538 or the surface 582. It is envisioned that the grooves will be staggered or discontinuous.

  Referring to FIG. 18, in another embodiment, the bumper 50 is manufactured from a porous or foam material. In any other embodiment, bumper 50 has a gear face configuration including teeth 660, as shown in FIG. In any other embodiment, the bumper 50 has a dumbbell-shaped configuration that includes an oval surface 760, as shown in FIG. In any other embodiment, the bumper 50 has a through hole 360, as shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 22, in another embodiment of a spinal rod system employing components similar to those described above, fixation screw assemblies 970, 971 similar to the assemblies 70, 71 described above are connected to the spine V ₁ , It is employed to attach the same spinal rod 930 and spinal rod 30 described above in V _2. Fixing screw assemblies 970, 971 include a head 974 configured for relative movement of rod 930. The rod 930 includes an upper compartment 932 and a lower compartment 934 that are relatively movable internally through an opening in the respective head 974. The upper compartment 932 includes a stop 935 that defines its own end. Lower compartment 934 includes a stop 937 that defines its own end. Stop 935,937 while the vertebrae _V 1, _{V 2} are bent and extended, the spinal rod 930 is configured to prevent the disengagement from the fixed screw assemblies 970, 971. Assemblies 970, 971 are assumed to include non-locking polyaxial screws so that compartments 932 and 934 can slide freely under the tensile and compressive loads associated with flex / extend rod 930. In order to limit or prevent the rod 930 from shifting or disengaging from the engagement portion of the fixation screw assembly 970, 971, the compartments 932, 934 may include an elongated stop or end cap. The compartments 932, 934 may also be torqued for fixation by a set of screws or the like.

  Referring to FIGS. 23 and 24, in any other embodiment of a spinal rod system that includes a spinal rod 30, similar to that described with respect to FIG. , 34 is arranged around the upper compartment 32, the lower compartment 34 and the middle compartment 36 in a configuration that restricts movement. Band 1090 can be secured to both ends of compartments 32, 34 by crimping, mounting lock caps, loops around pins or knots. Band 1090 may include tethers and cables, and is preferably manufactured from an elastic material. The band 1090 enhances the resistance of the rod 30 with respect to the movement of the compartments 32, 34 during flexion / extension, as described above.

  Referring to FIGS. 25 and 26, in another embodiment of the spinal rod system shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the band 1190 is disposed around the loop 1192 disposed around the upper compartment 32 and the lower compartment 34. Loop 1194. A central portion 1196 of the band 1190 is disposed across the open end 40. Referring to FIGS. 27 and 28, in another optional embodiment of the spinal rod system shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the band is configured as a nonwoven mesh 1290. The mesh 1290 includes a loop 1292 disposed around the upper compartment 32 and a loop 1294 disposed around the lower compartment 34. The central portion 1296 is disposed across the open end 40. It is contemplated that the mesh 1290 is made from an elastic material.

  Referring to FIGS. 29-43, the spinal rod system may include another embodiment of the intermediate section 36 and the locking portion of the bumper 50, similar to that described with respect to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 29, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a conical post 1348, and the bumper 50 has a second locking portion, an opening configured to receive it. 1354 and the locking engagement of the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 30, the intermediate section 36 includes a post 1448 having a valve 1449 which is a first locking portion, and the bumper 50 has a second locking portion, an opening configured to receive it. 1454 and the locking engagement of the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 31, the intermediate section 36 includes a wedge-shaped post 1548 that is a first locking portion, and the bumper has a second locking portion, an opening 1554 configured to receive it. And a locking engagement between the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 32, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a conical post 1648 disposed with the joining member 37, and the bumper 50 includes a second locking portion. Part, an opening 1654 configured to receive it, and a locking engagement between the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 33, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a post 1748 that includes a double hook 1749 and is disposed with the joining member 37, and the bumper 50 has a second Includes a locking portion, an opening 1754 configured to receive it, and a locking engagement between the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 34, the intermediate section 36 includes a pin-type post 1848 that is a first locking portion, and the bumper 50 has a second locking portion, an opening 1854 configured to receive it. And a locking engagement between the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 35, the intermediate section 36 includes a post 1948 that extends across the open end 40 from the inner surface 38, which is a first locking portion. Bumper 50 includes a second locking portion, an outer surface 1952 having a recess 1953 configured to receive post 1948, and a locking engagement between bumper 50 and spinal rod 30. Referring also to FIG. 36, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a tether 2048 that connects to the adjacent surfaces 43, 45 and extends across the open end 40. The bumper 50 includes an outer surface 2052 that is configured to engage the tether 2048 such that the bumper 50 is secured to the spinal rod 30. Referring also to FIG. 37, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a tether 2148 that connects to an adjacent side and extends across the side opening of the cavity 46. The bumper 50 includes an outer surface 2152 configured to engage the tether 2148 so that the bumper 50 is secured to the spinal rod 30.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 38, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a zipper 2248 that connects to the adjacent surfaces 43, 45 and extends across the outer opening of the cavity 46. The bumper 50 includes an outer surface 2252 that is configured to engage the tether 2248 so that the bumper 50 is secured to the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 39, the intermediate section 36 includes a tether connection 2348 disposed in the lower portion, which is a first locking portion. The bumper 50 includes a tether connection 2354 that is a second locking portion in a tether configuration with an intermediate portion 36 for locking engagement between the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 40, the intermediate section 36 includes a tether joint 2448 disposed on the upper portion thereof, which is a first locking portion. The bumper 50 includes a second tether joint 2454 in a tether configuration with an intermediate section 36 for locking engagement between the bumper 50 and the spinal rod 30.

  As also shown in FIG. 41, the spinal rod system includes a tether 2548 that joins the ends of adjacent compartments 32, 34 and extends across the outer opening of the cavity 46. The bumper 50 includes an outer surface 2552 configured to engage the tether 2548 so that the bumper 50 is secured to the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 42, the intermediate section 36 includes a first locking portion, a tether 2648 that joins the upper and lower portions of adjacent joining members 37 and extends across the side opening of the cavity 46. . The bumper 50 includes an outer surface 2652 that is configured to engage the tether 2648 so that the bumper 50 is secured to the spinal rod 30. Also, as shown in FIG. 43, the intermediate section 36 includes a mesh 2748 arranged to restrain the bumper 50, which is a first locking portion. The bumper 50 includes an outer surface 2752 configured to engage the mesh 2748 to secure the bumper 50 to the spinal rod 30.

  44-46, in any other embodiment similar to that described above for spinal rods 30, 130, spinal rod 2830 defines an upper section 2832 that defines a longitudinal axis aa and a longitudinal axis bb. A lower compartment 2834 is included. In the first direction, it is contemplated that the longitudinal axis aa may be arranged in various angular directions with respect to the longitudinal axis bb, for example as discussed in the present invention. Further, it is contemplated that compartments 2832, 2834 may include oblique orientations, arcuate portions and various lengths in the transverse direction, as discussed in the present invention. Movement of the spinal rod 2830 between one or more directions is envisioned, including increasing or decreasing various levels of resistance.

Intermediate section 2836 is coupled to sections 2832 and 2834 and is disposed therebetween as a joining section of components of spinal rod 2830, similar to the intermediate sections discussed in the present invention. The intermediate section 2836 includes a movable coupling member 2837 that has a U-shaped configuration and defines a correspondingly arcuate inner surface 2838 and an open end 2840. The inner surface 2838 has an intermediate portion 2839 that defines the depth of the inner surface and / or the movable coupling member 2837. The central region 2839 defines the depth of the movable joint member 2837 as an offset distance Do measured from the longitudinal axis aa and / or bb adjacent the open end 2840 to the central region 2839. The offset distance Do is assumed to be in the range of 2-20 mm, preferably in the range of 2-15 mm, and most preferably in the range of 2-10 mm.
The open end 2840 defines a spacing dimension, such as the gap height h and the opening defined thereby. Height h defines a spaced region of intermediate section 2836 disposed between sections 2832 and 2834. The height h of the open end 2840 may be in the range of 3-20 mm, desirably 3-15 mm, and most desirably 3-10 mm.

  Each of the compartments 2832, 2834 defines a thickness dimension, such as a diameter d and a corresponding cross-sectional area Ar. It is envisioned that the diameter of the compartments 2832, 2834 is in the range of 3-11 mm, desirably 3-9 mm, and most desirably 3-7 mm. Further, it is envisioned that the cross-sectional area Ar can be the same, non-identical, constant, or variable. The compartments 2832, 2834 have different geometric cross-sections, e.g., ellipse, rectangle, polygon, irregular, uniform, and non-uniform, and corresponding cross-sectional areas based on the particular geometry Ar is included.

  As shown in FIG. 46, the movable joint member 2837 is larger than the compartments 2832 and 2834 and defines a width w. The width w of the movable joint member 2837 is assumed to be in the range of 3-20 mm, desirably in the range of 3-15 mm, and most desirably in the range of 3-10 mm. The movable joint member 2837 further defines a cross-sectional area Aj corresponding to the thickness t. It is envisioned that the thickness t of the movable joint member 2837 is in the range of 1-10 mm, desirably in the range of 2-6 mm, and most desirably in the range of 2-4 mm. Further, it is assumed that the cross-sectional areas Aj may be the same, non-identical, constant, or variable. The movable joint member 2837 has different geometric cross-sectional configurations, circular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, uniform and non-uniform, and may have a corresponding cross-sectional area Aj based on a particular geometry. It is assumed that

  In one embodiment, the thickness t of the movable joint member 2837 is less than or equal to the diameter d of the compartments 2832, 2834 to provide greater flexibility to the spinal rod 2830. In another embodiment, the thickness of the movable joint member 2837 is less than or equal to the width w of the movable joint member 2837 to provide greater flexibility to the spinal rod 2830. In another embodiment, the cross-sectional area Aj of the movable joint member 2837 is greater than or equal to 10% of the cross-sectional area Ar of the compartments 2832, 2834 to provide greater flexibility to the spinal rod 2830. In another embodiment, the width w of the fixation member 2837 is greater than or equal to the diameter d of the compartments 2832, 2834 to provide greater flexibility to the spinal rod 2830. In another embodiment, the offset distance Do is greater than 50% of the diameter d of the compartments 2832, 2834 to provide greater flexibility to the spinal rod 2830. In another embodiment, the height h of the open end 2840 is at least 25% of the diameter d of the compartments 2832, 2834 to provide greater flexibility to the spinal rod 2830.

  The inner surface 2838 defines a cavity 2846 that is configured to place, for example, a resistance member (not shown) as discussed in the present invention. Intermediate section 2836 and resistance member may include a locking portion similar to the locking portion described herein to secure these components in place. The spinal rod 2830 may be employed in a surgical procedure for the treatment of spinal disorders similar to those described above.

  Also, as shown in FIGS. 54A-H, as shown in another embodiment of spinal rod 2830, inner surface 2838 secures intermediate section 2836 (FIG. 44) to resistance member 2850, as described herein. The first lock configured to engage the second lock defined by the outer surface 2852 of the resistance member 2850 as well as the spinal rod lock and resistance member components of the embodiment Define the part. The first locking portion of the inner surface 2838 is the second of the correspondingly configured outer surface 2852 for locking engagement, as defined by the cross-sectional area Aj (FIG. 44) of the movable joint member 2837. It mates with the locking part. It is envisioned that the locking portion may be defined as substantially all of each of the inner surface 2838 and / or outer surface 2852, only a portion, or a particular location. In one embodiment, the first locking portion is disposed at the center of the movable joint member 2837 facing the open end 2840 (FIG. 44).

  For example, as shown in FIG. 54A, the inner surface 2838 defines a first locking portion, such as a concave surface 2861, that forms a recess or cavity indicated by a cross-sectional area Aj in the movable joint member 2837. Concave surface 2861 receives a second locking portion, such as convex surface 2862 defined within outer surface 2852. The convex surface 2862 has an arcuate surface and protrudes from the resistance member 2850 for fitting and joining to fix the intermediate section 2836 and the resistance member 2850. Also, as shown in FIG. 54B, the inner surface 2838 defines a convex surface 2863 projecting therefrom and is received by the concave surface 2864 of the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating fit as described above. .

  In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 54C, the inner surface 2838 defines a recess 2865 that is received by a protrusion 2866 on the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating insertion. Also, as shown in FIG. 54D, the inner surface 2838 defines a protrusion 2867 that is received by a recess 2868 in the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating insertion. In another example, as shown in FIG. 54E, the inner surface 2838 defines a longitudinal groove 2869 that is received by a ridge 2870 on the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating insertion. Also, as shown in FIG. 54F, the inner surface 2838 defines a collar 2871 that is received by the longitudinal groove 2872 of the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating insertion. In another example, as shown in FIG. 54G, the inner surface 2838 defines a channel 2873 that receives dovetail protrusions 2874 on the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating insertion. Also, as shown in FIG. 54H, the inner surface 2838 defines a dovetail protrusion 2875 that is received by a channel 2876 on the outer surface 2852 for mating and mating insertion. It is contemplated that the spinal rods 30, 130, and 930 described herein also include the locking portions described with respect to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 47, in another embodiment of spinal rod 2830, intermediate compartment 2936 is joined to compartments 2832, 2834, similar to that described for FIGS. As a joint section of 2830 components, it is installed between them. The intermediate section 2936 includes a moveable coupling member 2937 that has a V-shaped configuration and defines a correspondingly slanted inner surface 2938 and an open end 2940. Inner surface 2938 has a center line 2939 that defines the innermost surface and / or depth of movable joint member 2937. Inner surface 2938 defines an angled cavity 2946 configured to place a resistance member, eg, as described in the present invention.

  48-50, in another embodiment of spinal rod 30, similar to that described for FIGS. 1-3, intermediate compartment 3036 is joined to compartments 32, 34, and As a joining section of the components, it is arranged between them. The intermediate section 3036 includes a movable joint member 3037 that has an elliptical configuration and defines an inner surface 3038 and an open end 3040.

  Inner surface 3038 defines elliptical cavity 3046 and post 3048, similar to post 48 described above. The cavity 3046 is shown in FIG. 50 and, like the bumper 50 described above, is configured to place a resistance member such as a rectangular bumper 3050. Bumper 3050 has an outer surface 3052 that defines an open end 3054. The open end 3054 receives a post 3048 for securing the bumper 3050 to the spinal rod 30, thereby securing such elements of the spinal rod system in place.

  With reference to FIGS. 51-53, in another embodiment of the spinal rod 30, the intermediate compartment 3136 is joined to the compartments 32, 34 as described with respect to FIGS. As a joint section, it is installed between them. The intermediate section 3136 includes a movable joint member 3137 having an offset configuration at the rear, which is C-shaped and defines an inner surface 3138 and an open end 3140.

  Upper section 32 is positioned adjacent to open end 3140 such that section 32 and middle section 3136 define upper transition 3142. Upper transition 3142 defines a front surface 3143. The lower compartment 34 is positioned adjacent to the open end 3140 such that the compartment 34 and the intermediate compartment 3136 define a lower transition 3144. Lower transition 3144 defines a front surface 3145. The front surface 3143 is disposed at an angle zz with respect to the front surface 3145. The angle zz is desirably in the range of 60 to 179 °, and most desirably 90 to 160 °.

  The compartment 32 extends from the upper transition 3142 and the compartment 34 extends from the lower transition 3144 such that the longitudinal axis a of the compartment 32 is disposed non-parallel to the longitudinal axis b of the compartment 34. The intermediate section 3136 extends from the transitions 3142, 3144 that are configured to be offset at the rear. The posterior offset configuration has a greater moment, defined by the distance between the central axis of the spinal rod 30 and the movable joint member 3137. This configuration increases the flexibility of the spinal rod 30 and facilitates its bending.

  Inner surface 3138 defines a cavity 3146 configured to place a resistance member (not shown), eg, as described above, to secure these components of the spinal rod system in place.

  It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of various embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims recited herein.

Claims (10)

A spinal rod,
A first elongated section defining a first thickness;
A second elongated section defining a second thickness;
An intermediate section that is disposed between the first section and the second section and defines a third thickness, wherein the third thickness is at least one of the first thickness and the second thickness; An intermediate section having a dimension smaller than one dimension, the intermediate section having an inner surface defining an open end;
A resistance member having an outer surface configured to engage at least a portion of the inner surface;
A spinal rod comprising:   The intermediate section defines a width for each of the first thickness and the second thickness, and the dimension of the third thickness is less than or equal to the dimension of the width. Spinal rod.   4. The spinal rod according to claim 3, wherein the width dimension is at least one of the first thickness dimension and the second thickness dimension.   The intermediate section has a U-shaped configuration defining a correspondingly shaped inner surface and the open end, and the resistance member is set to prevent closing of the open end. The spinal rod according to claim 1.   The intermediate section has a V-shaped configuration defining a correspondingly shaped inner surface and the open end, and the resistance member is set to prevent the open end from closing. The spinal rod according to claim 1.   The spinal rod according to claim 1, wherein the third thickness is in the range of 2 to 6 mm.   The spinal rod according to claim 3, wherein the width is in a range of 3 to 10 mm.   The spinal rod according to claim 1, wherein the first and second compartments are made from a first material and the intermediate compartment is made from a second material. A spinal rod comprising a first elongate compartment, a second elongate compartment, an intermediate compartment disposed between the first compartment and the second compartment,
The intermediate section has a first locking portion and an inner surface defining an open end;
The first section is disposed adjacent to the open end such that the first section and the intermediate section define a first transition that defines a first surface;
The second section is disposed adjacent to the open end such that the second section and the intermediate section define a second transition that defines a second surface;
The first surface is disposed at an angle with respect to the second surface;
A resistance member having an outer surface defining a second locking portion configured to engage the first locking portion such that the resistance member is fixed and coupled to at least a portion of the inner surface;
Spinal rod.   The spinal rod according to claim 9, wherein the intermediate section extends from the first and second transitions such that the intermediate section is offset from the first and second sections.

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