JP2012256298A - Vending machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vending machine that can further improve operation efficiency by performing operation control in consideration of a load change during operation.SOLUTION: The vending machine 10 is provided with a controller 16 which controls operation of a cooling and heating device 14 so that an indoor temperature of a product storage chamber 12 is in a preset temperature range. The controller 16 is provided with a load index value measuring part 70 that measures a load index value serving as index of heating load and cooling load in the product storage chamber 12 during the operation of the vending machine 10, an operation parameter obtaining part 74 that obtains an optimal operation parameter corresponding to the measured load index value from a storage part 72 in which optimal operation parameters corresponding to load index values are preset, and an operation control part 78 that performs operation control of the cooling and heating device 14 using the obtained optimal operation parameter.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vending machine provided with a control device that controls the operation of a cooling and heating device so that the temperature in a product storage room for storing products is set to a preset temperature range.

  In a vending machine, in order to heat a heating chamber constituting a product storage chamber and cool a cooling chamber, it is generally performed to use a cooling and heating device including a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device. .

  In Patent Document 1, in a vending machine using such a cooling and heating device, a control temperature that can be operated with an optimum load corresponding to the number of installation stages of the product storage rack is prepared in a temperature table obtained in advance. A control method is disclosed in which a control temperature suitable for the number of rack installation stages is selected from the table, and indoor temperature control is performed at the selected control temperature, thereby improving operating efficiency and saving energy. .

JP 2003-109082 A

  In the control method of Patent Document 1 described above, the number of installation stages of the product storage rack is used as the heating load and cooling load in the product storage room, and each warehouse is heated and cooled at a control temperature set according to the number of installation stages. In other words, in this control method, the heating load and the cooling load are determined based on the number of installation stages of the product storage rack, and the cooling and heating apparatus is operated using only the control temperature corresponding to the value of the load as the operation parameter.

  However, the heating load and cooling load in the heating and cooling chambers fluctuate even during the operation of the vending machine, and the factors include the inventory amount of the goods to be stored and the ambient temperature. it can. That is, in the case of the control method of Patent Document 1, optimal operation control cannot be performed with respect to a load that fluctuates during operation of the vending machine, and is set by a load based on a preset number of rack installation stages. Since unambiguous operation control is performed only with the control temperature as the target, if the load fluctuates during operation, the cooling / heating device may be operated with excessive capacity or insufficient capacity, which may cause a decrease in operating efficiency. is there.

  Therefore, in order to further improve the operation efficiency of the vending machine, it is possible to perform operation control that sequentially responds to load fluctuations during operation, such as the inventory amount of goods stored in the heating and cooling warehouses and the ambient temperature. desirable.

  The present invention has been made in connection with the above prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a vending machine capable of further improving the operation efficiency by performing operation control in consideration of load fluctuation during operation. And

  The vending machine according to the present invention includes a compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, an expansion device that depressurizes the refrigerant condensed by the condenser, A cooling and heating device having an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion device is used to heat and / or cool the product storage room, and power consumption depends on predetermined operating parameters. A control device that controls the operation of the cooling and heating device so that the room temperature is in a preset temperature range based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor set in the product storage room. The control device comprises a load index value measuring unit that measures a load index value serving as an index of at least one of a heating load and a cooling load in the commodity storage room during operation of the vending machine, and a load index An optimum operation parameter for each operation parameter acquisition unit for obtaining an optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured by the load index value measurement unit from an optimum operation parameter storage unit in which an optimum operation parameter is set in advance, and the optimum operation parameter And an operation control unit that performs operation control of the cooling and heating device using the optimum operation parameter acquired by the acquisition unit.

  According to such a configuration, the cooling and heating device that heats and cools the commodity storage chamber is sequentially controlled by the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured during the operation of the vending machine. During operation of the vending machine, it becomes possible to control operation corresponding to load fluctuations caused by changes in the inventory amount of goods and ambient temperature, for example, and it is possible to improve operating efficiency and reduce power consumption as much as possible. Become.

  The operation control unit includes a rotation speed correction unit that changes the rotation speed of the compressor, and an opening degree correction unit that changes the opening degree of the expansion device, and the control device includes the optimum operation parameter acquisition unit. On the basis of the optimum operating parameters acquired in step 1, the rotational speed correction unit and the opening degree correction unit may change the rotational speed of the compressor and the opening degree of the expansion device. Then, the cooling and heating device can be operated while appropriately adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor and the opening degree of the expansion device based on the value of the optimum operation parameter set by the operation parameter acquisition unit. It is avoided that the cooling and heating device is operated with a sufficient capacity, and the operating efficiency of the vending machine can be further improved.

  As the load index value, an operation rate ratio that is a ratio of an operation rate of the heating operation in the heating chamber in the commodity storage room and an operation rate of the cooling operation in the cooling chamber, and an operation of the heating operation in the heating chamber One or more of the rate, the operation rate of the cooling operation in the refrigerator, and the ambient temperature of the vending machine may be used.

  As the operating parameters, the set temperature in the heating chamber, the set temperature in the cooling chamber, the rotation speed of the compressor, the opening of the expansion device, and the condensation blown to the condenser You may use 1 or more among the rotation speed of an evaporator fan, the rotation speed of the evaporator fan which ventilates to the said evaporator, and the output of the heater installed in the said heating store. Further, the control device executes feedback control for causing the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator to follow target values, and further, as the operation parameter, further includes a target of the condensation temperature. One or more of the value and the target value of the evaporation temperature may be used.

  When the operation parameter storage unit stores the optimum operation parameter for each load index value as a table or a function, the operation parameter acquisition unit can quickly acquire the optimum operation parameter according to the load index value. it can.

  In this case, the table or function storing the optimum operation parameter for each load index value uses the actual machine or simulator of the vending machine, and operates the actual machine or simulator while changing the value of the operation parameter. The operation parameter that generates the minimum power consumption during operation may be set as the optimum operation parameter for each load index value.

  The vending machine according to the present invention includes a compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, and an expansion device that depressurizes the refrigerant condensed by the condenser. And a cooling and heating device comprising an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion device, and / or heating and / or cooling the product storage chamber and depending on predetermined operating parameters A vending machine in which electric power changes, and controls the operation of the cooling and heating device based on the temperature detected by a temperature sensor set in the product storage room so that the room temperature falls within a preset temperature range The control device includes a power acquisition unit that measures or estimates power during operation of the vending machine, and operates the cooling and heating device by changing the operation parameter, and is acquired by the power acquisition unit. Ruden An operation parameter search unit that searches and acquires an operation parameter that minimizes a measured value or an estimated power value, and an operation control unit that performs operation control of the cooling and heating device using the operation parameter acquired by the operation parameter search unit. It is characterized by having.

  According to such a configuration, the cooling and heating device that heats and cools the commodity storage chamber is sequentially controlled by operation parameters that minimize power consumption measured or estimated during operation of the vending machine. During operation of the vending machine, it becomes possible to control operation corresponding to load fluctuations caused by changes in the inventory amount of goods and ambient temperature, for example, and it is possible to improve operating efficiency and reduce power consumption as much as possible. Become.

  In this case, an inverter that changes the rotation speed of the compressor may be provided, and the power acquisition unit may calculate the estimated power value from the rotation speed of the compressor controlled by the inverter. Thereby, even if it is a vending machine which does not have the structure which measures the electric power in operation | movement sequentially, optimal driving | operation control can be performed based on an electric power estimated value.

  The operation parameter search unit may change a search initial value or a search region of the operation parameter according to a load index value serving as an index of at least one of a heating load and a cooling load in the commodity storage room. Good. Then, the search can be started with the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value as an initial value, or the search area for the operation parameter can be narrowed according to the load index value, thereby reducing the time and processing load required for the search. The efficiency can be improved.

  According to the present invention, the cooling and heating device that heats and cools the commodity storage room is sequentially controlled by the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured during the operation of the vending machine. For this reason, during the operation of the vending machine, for example, operation control corresponding to load fluctuations caused by changes in the inventory amount of the product and the ambient temperature becomes possible, improving operation efficiency and reducing power consumption as much as possible. It becomes possible.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vending machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device of the vending machine shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the first control method. FIG. 4 is a timing graph showing the temperature change in each chamber for each operation cycle during HCC operation in relation to the opening / closing timing of the solenoid valve and the compressor rotation speed. FIG. 4 (A) shows the heating of the left chamber. FIG. 4B shows the relationship between the internal temperature during operation and the opening / closing timing of the solenoid valve that turns ON / OFF the refrigerant flow to the left-side heat exchanger. FIG. FIG. 4C shows the relationship between the opening and closing timing of the solenoid valve that turns ON / OFF the refrigerant flow to the first heat exchanger, and FIG. 4C shows the internal temperature during the cooling operation of the right warehouse and the second heat exchanger. FIG. 4 (D) shows the operating rotational speed of the compressor, and FIG. 4 (E) shows the compressor shown in FIG. 4 (D). The relationship between the number of revolutions and the estimated power consumption of the cooling and heating apparatus that is approximately proportional to this is shown. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence table between load index values and optimum operation parameters, FIG. 5A is a table during HCC operation, and FIG. 5B is a diagram during HHC operation. FIG. 5C is a table during CCC operation. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the third control method. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an experimental means which is an example of a table creation system. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a table creation method. FIG. 9 is a table showing an example of measurement data of driving index values by the experimental means shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a table creation method according to the modification. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device of the vending machine according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the fourth control method. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for searching for the optimum operation parameter when the compressor rotational speed is used as the operation parameter. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the optimum operation parameter search method shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a table showing an example of a search area table during HCC operation.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a vending machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by giving preferred embodiments in relation to its control method.

1. 1. Description of Vending Machine According to First Embodiment 1.1 Description of Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vending machine 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This vending machine 10 controls the operation of the product storage room 12 partitioned into three warehouses, the cooling and heating device 14 for heating and cooling the inside of the product storage room 12, and the cooling and heating device 14, and the vending machine. And a control device 16 that also performs overall control of the product 10 and sells products such as canned beverages and plastic bottle beverages stored in the product storage room 12 in a cooled state or in a warmed state.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vending machine 10 includes a main body cabinet 18 that houses a cooling and heating device 14 and a control device 16. The upper part of the main body cabinet 18 is partitioned by two partition plates 20 and 20 to constitute a product storage room 12 having three warehouses, a left warehouse 12L, a middle warehouse 12M, and a right warehouse 12R, and the lower part is constituted by a partition floor 22. A machine room 24 partitioned from the product storage room 12 is configured.

  An opening / closing door (not shown) is provided on the front surface of the main body cabinet 18, and a product display, a product selection button, a product outlet, a coin (banknote) slot, and the like are disposed on the door. 1 illustrates a configuration in which the control device 16 is disposed in the machine room 24. However, the control device 16 may be, for example, a back surface position of the opening / closing door, a front surface position of the product storage chamber 12, or a front surface of the machine room 24. You may arrange | position in a position etc., and should just be suitably arrange | positioned in the suitable location inside the main body cabinet 18 or the main body cabinet 18. FIG.

  The cooling and heating device 14 includes a compressor 26, an external heat exchanger 28 and an electronic expansion valve (EEV. Expansion device) 30 disposed in the machine room 24, and a left-compartment heat exchanger disposed in the left chamber 12L. (Condenser, evaporator) 32, a first evaporator 34 disposed in the inner cabinet 12M, and a second evaporator 36 disposed in the right warehouse 12R, which enclose a predetermined amount of refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit (refrigerant cycle) is configured by being connected by the pipes. In the case of the present embodiment, the cooling and heating device 14 further includes heaters H1 and H2 in the left warehouse 12L and the middle warehouse 12M, respectively.

  The compressor (motor compressor) 26 sucks low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant from the suction port via the suction-side piping 42a, compresses it, and discharges it from the discharge port to the discharge-side piping 42b. The rotation speed is variable by the inverter 40. The discharge side pipe 42b is branched in two directions, and one pipe 44a is disposed in the left box 12L via the electromagnetic valve 46 and connected to the left box heat exchanger 32, and the other pipe 48a is The external heat exchanger 28 is connected via the electromagnetic valve 50. By alternately opening and closing the electromagnetic valves 46 and 50, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 26 is circulated alternatively to the left-side heat exchanger 32 or the external heat exchanger 28. The electromagnetic valves 46 and 50 are on-off valves (ON-OFF valves) that are opened and closed under the control of the control device 16, and the same applies to other electromagnetic valves described later.

  The piping on the outlet side of the left-side heat exchanger 32 branches in two directions, and one piping 44b joins the piping 48b on the outlet side of the external heat exchanger 28 via the electromagnetic valve 52, and then electromagnetically It is connected to the inlet side of the electronic expansion valve 30 via the valve 54. The other pipe 44 c is connected to the suction side pipe 42 a via the electromagnetic valve 56.

  The electronic expansion valve 30 is configured so that the opening degree (the degree of throttling) is variable by an opening degree command from the control device 16, and the refrigerant flowing in the left side heat exchanger 32 on the outlet side, the first evaporator 34, and The temperature is reduced to a predetermined pressure (flow rate) before reaching the second evaporator 36, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in each of these heat exchangers is controlled. The pipe on the outlet side of the electronic expansion valve 30 is branched in three directions by a distributor 58, and the pipes 60a, 60b, 60c are respectively connected to the left heat exchanger 32, via electromagnetic valves 62, 64, 66, respectively. The first evaporator 34 and the second evaporator 36 are connected to the inlet side. The pipe 60a joins the pipe 44a branched from the discharge side pipe 42b and is connected to the left-side heat exchanger 32. Further, the pipes on the outlet side of the first evaporator 34 and the second evaporator 36 are respectively connected to the suction side pipe 42a.

  The left warehouse heat exchanger 32 has a fan F1 arranged in proximity, the first evaporator 34 has a fan F2 arranged in proximity, the second evaporator 36 has a fan F3 arranged in proximity, and the outside heat exchanger 28 has Is arranged close to the fan F4. Fans F <b> 1 to F <b> 3 are for blowing air in the cabinet, and circulate the heated or cooled air through the surroundings of the left cabinet heat exchanger 32, the first evaporator 34, and the second evaporator 36 in each cabinet. belongs to. The fan F4 is for outside air blowing, and is used for passing outside air around the outside heat exchanger 28 and sending it to the outside.

  In the cooling and heating device 14, since the refrigerant circuit as described above is configured, the control of the control device 16 is performed based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensors T1, T2, and T3 provided in the respective cabinets 12L, 12M, and 12R. By changing the rotation speed of the compressor 26 and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30 below, and further controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves 46, 50, 52, 56, 62, 64, 66 as appropriate, It can be managed in a desired temperature range. The temperature sensor T4 is for measuring the ambient temperature (external environmental temperature) of the vending machine 10. Note that a two-way valve that selectively switches between two flow paths may be used in place of the electromagnetic valves 46 and 50 (52 and 56). Similarly, the three valves are replaced with the electromagnetic valves 62, 64, and 66. Alternatively, a three-way valve that selectively switches the flow paths may be used.

  In such a vending machine 10, for example, three operation modes (HCC operation, CCC operation, and HHC operation) can be executed according to the type of product stored in the product storage room 12, climate conditions, and the like. The HCC operation is an operation mode in which the left warehouse 12L is heated (HOT) and the right warehouse 12M and the right warehouse 12R are cooled (COLD), and the CCC operation is the left warehouse 12L, the right warehouse 12M, and the right warehouse 12R. All are cooling (COLD) operation modes. The HHC operation is an operation mode in which the left warehouse 12L and the middle warehouse 12M are heated (HOT) and the right warehouse 12R is cooled (COLD).

  Specifically, in the HCC operation, the electromagnetic valves 46, 52, 54, 64, 66 are opened, and the electromagnetic valves 50, 56, 62 are closed. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 26 flows into the left-handed heat exchanger 32 from the pipe 44a, dissipates heat to the air in the left-handed house 12L, is condensed, and then passes through the pipe 44b to the electronic expansion valve 30. The pressure is reduced and adiabatically expanded, flows into the first evaporator 34 and the second evaporator 36 from the pipes 60b and 60c, absorbs heat from the air in the middle warehouse 12M and the right warehouse 12R, evaporates, and becomes low temperature and low pressure. The cycle of returning from the suction side pipe 42a to the compressor 26 is repeated. That is, in the HCC operation, the left warehouse 12L is heated by the left warehouse heat exchanger 32 functioning as a condenser, and the middle warehouse 12M and the first evaporator 34 and the second evaporator 36 function as evaporators. The right warehouse 12R is cooled. At this time, the heater H1 may be operated as appropriate in order to assist the heating of the left warehouse 12L by the left warehouse heat exchanger 32. Of course, it is also possible to use the outside heat exchanger 28 as a condenser instead of the left side heat exchanger 32 and heat the left side 12L only by the heater H1.

  In the CCC operation, the solenoid valves 50, 54, 56, 62, 64, 66 are opened, and the solenoid valves 46, 52 are closed. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 26 flows from the pipe 48a into the external heat exchanger 28, dissipates heat to the outside air, condenses, and then is depressurized by the electronic expansion valve 30 through the pipe 48b. It expands and flows from the pipes 60a, 60b, and 60c into the left heat exchanger 32, the first evaporator 34, and the second evaporator 36, and absorbs heat from the air in the left warehouse 12L, the middle warehouse 12M, and the right warehouse 12R. The cycle of evaporating, returning to the compressor 26 from the suction side pipe 42a with a low temperature and low pressure is repeated. That is, in the CCC operation, the left cabinet heat exchanger 32, the first evaporator 34, and the second evaporator 36 function as an evaporator, whereby each of the cabinets 12L, 12M, and 12R is cooled.

  In the HHC operation, the solenoid valves 46, 52, 54, 66 are opened, and the solenoid valves 50, 56, 62, 64 are closed. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 26 flows into the left-handed heat exchanger 32 from the pipe 44a, dissipates heat to the air in the left-handed house 12L, is condensed, and then passes through the pipe 44b to the electronic expansion valve 30. The pressure is reduced in pressure and adiabatically expanded, flows into the second evaporator 36 from the pipe 60c, absorbs heat from the air in the right warehouse 12R, evaporates, returns to the compressor 26 from the suction side pipe 42a by becoming a low temperature and low pressure. repeat. At this time, the heating of the inner cabinet 12M is performed by operating the heater H2. That is, in the HHC operation, the left warehouse 12L functions as a condenser to heat the inside of the left warehouse 12L, the second evaporator 36 functions as an evaporator, the right warehouse 12R is cooled, and the heater H2 As a result, the storage 12M is heated. Of course, in order to assist the heating of the left warehouse 12L by the left warehouse heat exchanger 32, the heater H1 may be operated as appropriate, or instead of the left warehouse heat exchanger 32, the outside heat exchanger 28 is used as a condenser. The left chamber 12L may be heated only by the heater H1.

1.2 Description of Configuration of Control Device FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the control device 16 of the vending machine 10 shown in FIG. The control device 16 includes a load index value measurement unit 70, a storage unit (optimum operation parameter storage unit) 72, an operation parameter acquisition unit 74, an output unit 76, and an operation control unit 78, and includes temperature sensors T1 to T3. Based on the measured temperature, the operation of the cooling and heating device 14 is controlled so that the indoor temperature of the product storage room 12, that is, the internal temperature of each warehouse, is set to a desired temperature range set in advance. It is a controller that also performs overall control such as sales management and inventory management.

  The load index value measurement unit 70 sequentially performs heating at a predetermined sampling time during the operation (operation) of the vending machine 10, that is, online, in the heating cabinet (the left cabinet 12L, the middle cabinet 12M), and cooling. A load index value (for example, an operation rate ratio) serving as an index of the cooling load in the warehouse (left warehouse 12L, middle warehouse 12M, right warehouse 12R) is measured and calculated.

  In the storage unit 72, optimum operation parameters (for example, set temperatures in each warehouse) for reducing the power consumption of the vending machine 10 as much as possible are set in advance for each load index value, and are stored as a table or a function. Stored (see also FIG. 5).

  The operation parameter acquisition unit 74 acquires the optimum operation parameter (optimum operation parameter) corresponding to the load index value measured online by the load index value measurement unit 70 from the table (or function) of the storage unit 72. The optimum operation parameter acquired by the operation parameter acquisition unit 74 is output from the output unit 76 to the operation control unit 78.

  The operation control unit 78 has a function of controlling the operation of the cooling and heating device 14, and the optimum operation parameter received from the output unit 76 in order to minimize or minimize the power consumption in the vending machine 10. Is used to control the operation of the cooling and heating device 14. The operation control unit 78 includes a compressor control unit (rotational speed correction unit) 80, an expansion valve control unit (opening correction unit) 82, a fan control unit 84, a heater control unit 86, and an electromagnetic valve control unit 88. Is provided.

  The compressor control unit 80 generates an operation command for starting (ON) and stopping (OFF) the operation of the compressor 26, a rotational speed correction command for changing the operational rotational speed, and the like. The operation of the compressor 26 is controlled by controlling the inverter 40. In the case where the inverter 40 is not connected to the compressor 26, the compressor control unit 80 may turn the compressor 26 directly ON / OFF. The expansion valve control unit 82 generates an opening degree correction command for changing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30, and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30 in accordance with this instruction.

  The fan control unit 84 controls the operation start (ON) and operation stop (OFF) of each of the fans F1 to F4, and individually controls the air rotation speed for each of the fans F1 to F4. That is, the fan control unit 84 serves as a condenser fan control unit that controls ON / OFF and the number of rotations of the fans F1 and F4 installed in the condenser (external heat exchanger 28, left-side heat exchanger 32). Function, and an evaporator fan control unit that controls ON / OFF and rotation speed of the fans F1 to F3 installed in the evaporator (the left heat exchanger 32, the first heat exchanger 34, and the second heat exchanger 36). As a function. The heater controller 86 controls the operation start (ON) and operation stop (OFF) of the heaters H1 and H2, and individually controls the heater output. The electromagnetic valve control unit 88 individually controls opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves 46, 50, 52, 56, 62, 64 and 66.

1.3 Description of Control Method of Vending Machine Next, a control method of the vending machine 10 will be described.

1.3.1 Description of First Control Method First, the first control method of the vending machine 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The first control method is executed sequentially for each operation cycle (for example, between times t1 to t4 in FIG. 4) while the vending machine 10 is in operation, thereby changing the operating state of the vending machine 10 at that time. The power consumption is reduced as much as possible by optimally controlling according to the load state.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the first control method. FIG. 4 is a timing graph showing the temperature change in each chamber for each operation cycle during HCC operation in relation to the opening / closing timing of the solenoid valve and the compressor rotation speed. FIG. 4 (A) shows the left chamber 12L. FIG. 4B shows the relationship between the internal temperature (° C.) during the heating (HOT) operation and the opening / closing timing of the electromagnetic valve 46 for turning on / off the refrigerant flow to the left-side heat exchanger 32. The internal temperature (° C.) during the 12M cooling (COLD) operation and the opening / closing timing of the electromagnetic valve 64 (or the electromagnetic valve 54 or the electronic expansion valve 30) for turning on / off the refrigerant flow to the first heat exchanger 34 FIG. 4C shows the relationship between the solenoid valve 66 (or the solenoid valve) that turns ON / OFF the internal temperature (° C.) during cooling (COLD) operation of the right warehouse 12R and the refrigerant flow to the second heat exchanger 36. FIG. 4 shows the relationship with the opening / closing timing of the valve 54 or the electronic expansion valve 30). D) shows the working rotational speed of the compressor (rpm). FIG. 4 (E) shows the relationship between the compressor rotation speed shown in FIG. 4 (D) and the estimated power consumption (W) of the cooling heating device 14 that is approximately proportional to this. In the first control method, it is not necessary to use the graph shown in FIG.

  When the operation of the vending machine 10 is started, the control device 16 sets the internal temperature of each of the storages 12L, 12M, and 12R based on the detection results of the temperature sensors T1 to T3 in each storage. For example, the cooling and heating device 14 is controlled so as to be managed at 63 ° C. to 67 ° C. for HOT and 3 ° C. to 7 ° C. for COLD, and this operation control is continued during operation of the vending machine 10.

  During operation of such a vending machine 10, first, in step S1 of FIG. 3, the start and end of the operation cycle (one cycle) of the cooling and heating device 14 is detected.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4D, one cycle of the cooling and heating device 14 is a period (time t1 to t4) from the operation start (ON) of the compressor 26 to the next operation start (ON). And between time t4 and t5, between time t5 and t6, and between time t6 and t7), and the period is, for example, about 30 minutes. During this one cycle, for example, in the HCC operation, whether or not the refrigerant flows to the left heat exchanger 32 is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 46 (see FIG. 4A). Similarly, the first heat exchanger 34 and the second heat exchanger 36 are controlled by the solenoid valves 64 and 66 (or the solenoid valve 54 or the electronic expansion valve 30) (FIGS. 4B and 4C). The same applies to the CCC operation and the HHC operation.

  Therefore, in the HCC operation shown in FIG. 4, the compressor 26 is operated until the time t2 with the rotational speed slightly reduced immediately after being turned on at the time t1 and starting at the maximum rotational speed, and the rotational speed is reduced at the time t2. The operation is further lowered to time t3 and is turned off from time t3 until time t4 which is the start point of the next cycle (see FIG. 4D).

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the left warehouse 12L starts from the refrigerant condensed in the left warehouse heat exchanger 32 during the time t1 to t3 when the electromagnetic valve 46 is turned on at the time t1. The internal temperature gradually rises due to heat radiation, and when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 reaches the upper limit temperature (OFF point) in the set temperature range (between the OFF point and the ON point), the solenoid valve 44 is turned OFF. For this reason, the flow of the refrigerant to the left-side heat exchanger 32 is stopped, the internal temperature gradually decreases, and the electromagnetic valve 44 is turned on again at time t4 which is the starting point of the next first cycle. In a similar manner, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), the internal storage 12M has a first time t1 to t2 when the electromagnetic valve 64 (or the electromagnetic valve 54 or the electronic expansion valve 30) is turned ON at time t1. The internal temperature gradually decreases due to heat absorption by the refrigerant evaporating in the evaporator 34, and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T2 reaches the lower limit temperature (OFF point) in the set temperature range (between the ON point and OFF point). At this time, the electromagnetic valve 64 is turned off. For this reason, the flow of the refrigerant to the first evaporator 32 is stopped, the internal temperature gradually rises, and the electromagnetic valve 64 is turned on again at time t4 which is the starting point of the next first cycle. The right warehouse 12R shown in 4 (C) operates in substantially the same manner as the middle warehouse 12M.

  In step S2, the ON / OFF timing of each solenoid valve in the operation cycle detected in step S1 for each of the cabinets 12L, 12M, and 12R, that is, the left cabinet heat exchanger 32, the first evaporator 34, and the second The timing (in this case, time t2 or time t3) at which the refrigerant flow to the evaporator 36 is turned ON / OFF is detected.

  In step S3, based on the detection result in step S2, the operation time of the heating operation and the cooling operation in each of the cabinets 12L, 12M, 12R, that is, the left cabinet heat exchanger 32, the first evaporator 34, and the second evaporator 36. The refrigerant circulation time (ON time) and non-circulation time (OFF time) are measured. In the left warehouse 12L, the period between times t1 and t3 is the ON time, and the period between times t3 and t4 is the OFF time (see FIG. 4A). In the same manner, in the middle warehouse 12M and the right warehouse 12R, the time between the times t1 and t2 is the ON time, and the time between the times t2 and t4 is the OFF time (FIGS. 4B and 4C). ). At this time, the larger the ON time ratio measured in one cycle, the more heating and cooling operations were required. In other words, the heating and cooling loads in each cabinet were large. Show.

  In step S4, an operation rate (= ON time / (ON time + OFF time)) that is a ratio of ON time in one cycle in each heating operation and cooling operation is calculated for each of the cabinets 12L, 12M, and 12R. The calculated operation rate of each store is a value (load index value) that serves as an index of the heating load or cooling load of each store, but in this first control method, as the load index value of the entire vending machine 10, The ratio of operation rate (operating rate ratio) between the left warehouse 12L as the heating cabinet and the middle warehouse 12M or the right warehouse 12R as the cooling cabinet is used.

  That is, in step S5, the operation rate ratio between the left warehouse 12L as the heating cabinet and the middle warehouse 12M or the right warehouse 12R as the cooling cabinet is calculated. This operating rate ratio represents the ratio of the heating load and the cooling load, and the load that can consider the heating load status and the cooling load status for a predetermined time (one cycle) during operation of the vending machine 10 together. It becomes an index value. In addition, when there are a plurality of refrigerators (in this embodiment, two warehouses, the middle warehouse 12M and the right warehouse 12R), the operation rate ratio is calculated using the operation rate indicating the maximum value among the warehouses. Good.

  Hereinafter, the ratio of the cooling operation rate to the heating operation rate (cooling operation rate / heating operation rate. C / H operation rate ratio) is used as the operation rate ratio, but the ratio of the heating operation rate to the cooling operation rate (heating) as the operation rate ratio. Of course, the operation rate / cooling operation rate (H / C operation ratio) may be used.

  When the operation rate ratio is 1, the heating load and the cooling load coincide with each other. In general, since the cooling and heating device of a vending machine is often designed with a load condition at which the operation ratio is 1 as a standard condition, the operation ratio calculated in step S5 is the current state from the standard condition. This is also a useful index for judging the deviation.

  Since the operation rate ratio calculated up to step S5 is measured and calculated as a value in a short time of the operation cycle unit (one cycle unit) of the cooling and heating apparatus, there is a possibility that a measurement error or variation may occur in each cycle. . Therefore, the moving average may be calculated as the average value of the operation rate ratios (load index values) for the past several cycles to increase the accuracy of the calculated operation rate ratio (step S6). This step S6 is not necessarily executed, and may be executed as necessary in consideration of the state of the vending machine 10, the transition of the operation rate ratio of each cycle, and the like.

  Steps S1 to S6 described above are mainly executed by the load index value measuring unit 70. Next, the operation parameter acquisition unit 74 uses the operation rate ratio calculated in step S5 (or S6) to perform optimum operation. Step S7 for acquiring parameters is executed.

  In step S7, the operation parameter acquisition unit 70 calculates the operation rate ratio calculated in step S5 (or S6) among the optimum operation parameters for each load index value (in this case, the operation rate ratio) set in advance by experiments or simulations. The optimum operation parameter corresponding to is acquired from the table of the predetermined storage unit 72.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a correspondence table between load index values (operation rate ratio or operation rate or ambient temperature) and optimum operation parameters, and FIG. 5A is a table at the time of HCC operation. FIG. 5B is a table during HHC operation. FIG. 5C is a table during CCC operation, and this table is used in a second control method described later.

  For the table stored in the storage unit 72, in the HHC operation, for example, four optimum operation parameter items are set for each value of the operation rate ratio that is a load index value (see FIG. 5A). . As each item, for example, an evaporation temperature target value (° C.) in the first evaporator 34 and / or the second evaporator 36, a condensation temperature target value (° C.) in the left heat exchanger 32, heating The electronic expansion valve opening degree (msec) at the time of a single operation and the compressor rotation speed (rpm) at the time of a heating single operation can be mentioned. In the HHC operation shown in FIG. 5B, for example, four optimum operation parameters may be set for each value of the operation ratio, which is a load index, and the items of the optimum operation parameters are shown in FIG. It may be the same as that during HCC operation shown in FIG.

  In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) to 4 (C), the single heating operation is the flow of refrigerant in the heating operation (left warehouse 12L) and the cooling operation (center warehouse 12M, right warehouse 12R). When the ON / OFF timing is different, the cooling operation is turned off first (time t2 in FIG. 4), and only the heating operation is performed independently (time t2 to t3 in FIG. 4). In a similar manner, unlike the graph of FIG. 4, the cooling single operation described later is a state in which the heating operation is turned off first and only the cooling operation is performed independently.

  The electronic expansion valve opening degree (msec) is a value that specifies the valve opening time (msec) with respect to the maximum opening degree (msec) of the electronic expansion valve 30, for example, the electronic expansion valve opening degree in FIG. 1600 msec indicates that the valve is opened by 1600 msec out of a maximum of 5000 msec, that is, the opening corresponds to 32%.

  Therefore, in step S7, the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the operation rate ratio calculated in step S5 (or S6) is acquired from the table of the storage unit 72 set in this way (see FIG. 5). For example, when the calculated operation rate ratio is 0.25 during HCC operation, the optimum operation parameters are “evaporation temperature target value: −4 (° C.)” and “condensation temperature target value: 68 (° C.), respectively. ”,“ Expansion valve opening: 1600 (msec) ”,“ compressor speed: 2600 (rpm) ”, and these optimum operation parameters are output from the output unit 76 to the operation control unit 78 for other operations (CCC Operation and HHC operation) may be substantially the same.

  Note that the load index value calculated in step S5 is not necessarily a value set in the table of the storage unit 72, and is usually a value between two predetermined points. For example, when the operation rate ratio that is the load index value is calculated as 0.4 during the HCC operation shown in FIG. 5A, the operation rate ratio 0.4 is a value between 0.25 and 0.5. It has become. Therefore, in such a case, the value of the optimum operation parameter at two points (operation rate ratio 0.25, 0.5) including the calculated load index value (operation rate ratio 0.4) is extracted, It is preferable to obtain an optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value (operation rate ratio 0.4) calculated by linear interpolation. In other words, with respect to the continuous change of the load index value, the value of the optimum operation parameter for each load index value also changes continuously. Therefore, when creating a table such as that shown in FIG. 5, a load in which values are set finely over a wide range so that load index values that can be actually generated can be sufficiently covered. If the index value and the optimum operation parameter are set, it is possible to improve the extraction accuracy when performing linear interpolation between two points.

  The value of the optimum operation parameter for each load index value stored in the storage unit 72 may be stored as a function instead of the table shown in FIG. In the case of using a function, for example, when the load index value is referred to as x0 and the optimum operation parameter value is referred to as y0 (which can take a plurality of types), the function y0 = f (x0) is set. Thus, the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the measured load index value can be easily calculated.

  Next, in step S8, the operation control unit 78 resets the operation parameters of the cooling and heating device 14 based on the optimum operation parameters acquired in step S7, and the compressor control unit 80, the expansion valve control unit 82, and the fan control unit 84. Then, by operating the heater control unit 86 and the electromagnetic valve control unit 88, the cooling and heating device 14 is controlled to operate according to the reset optimum operation parameters.

  The operation control by the operation control unit 78 in step S8 will be described in more detail. For example, in the HCC operation, the obtained evaporation operation target value, the condensation temperature target value, the expansion valve opening degree, and the compressor that are the optimum operation parameters. Based on each value of the rotational speed, the rotational speed of the compressor 26 is changed by the compressor control section 80 serving as the rotational speed correction section, and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30 is expanded by the expansion valve control section 82 serving as the opening degree correction section. To change. And by the condensation temperature and evaporation temperature which are determined by performing feedback control between the target temperature and the actual measured temperature, the internal temperature is a desired control temperature range (the upper and lower limits of the internal temperature in FIG. 4). In order to maintain it between the ON point and the OFF point), the heating and cooling operations may be appropriately turned ON / OFF by controlling the opening / closing of the solenoid valves 46, 64, 66 and the like. Of course, other operations (CCC operation and HHC operation) may be performed in substantially the same manner.

  Accordingly, since the cooling and heating device 14 is controlled by the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured in real time (for example, measured every cycle) while the vending machine 10 is in operation, the vending machine Thus, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency of the power generator 10 and reduce the power consumption as much as possible. And the 1st control method shown by such step S1-S8 is the control driving | running | working which followed the load fluctuation | variation which changes every moment during operation by being repeatedly performed repeatedly during operation of the vending machine 10. Thus, the internal temperature can be maintained in the set temperature range while minimizing the power consumption in the vending machine 10 (cooling / heating device 14).

  In addition to the above-described evaporating temperature target value, condensing temperature target value, expansion valve opening, and compressor rotation speed, the operating parameters include, for example, the set temperature of the heating chamber (left chamber 12L, middle chamber 12M), Set temperature of the refrigerator (left warehouse 12L, middle warehouse 12M, right warehouse 12R), rotation speed of condenser fans (fans F1, F4), rotation speed of evaporator fans (fans F1 to F3), and heater H1, The output of H2 may be used, and among these, one or more operating parameters may be used.

1.3.2 Explanation of Second Control Method By the way, when the heating operation and the cooling operation are not performed at the same time by the cooling and heating device 14, an operation rate ratio that is a ratio between the heating operation rate and the cooling operation rate is calculated. Can not do it. As this operation state, for example, CCC operation or operation in which the left warehouse 12L is sufficiently heated during HCC operation and the external heat exchanger 28 is used as a condenser instead of the left warehouse heat exchanger 32 (HCC operation). For example, an operation in which the electromagnetic valve 46 is closed and the electromagnetic valve 50 is opened). During these operations, the interior is not heated and only cooling is performed.

  Therefore, a second control method of the vending machine 10 that is particularly effective in an operation state in which only the heating operation or only the cooling operation is performed will be described. The overall control flow of this second control method is substantially the same as that of the first control method shown in FIG. 3, except that the operation rate is used instead of the operation rate ratio as the load index value. . The second control method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, when only the cooling operation or only the heating operation is performed, the maximum operation rate among the operation rates calculated in step S4 is used as the load index value, and step S5 is omitted. For example, when the operating rate of the left warehouse 12L is the maximum during CCC operation, the operating rate of the left warehouse 12L is adopted as the load index value.

  Next, after performing Step S6 as necessary, Step S7 is performed in which the operation parameter acquisition unit 74 acquires the optimum operation parameter using the operation rate calculated in Step S4 (or S6).

  In step S7, the operation parameter acquisition unit 70 selects the optimum corresponding to the operation rate calculated in step S4 (or S6) among the optimum operation parameters for each operation rate (load index value) set in advance by experiments or simulations. The operation parameter is acquired from the table in the predetermined storage unit 72. In the CCC operation, for example, two optimum operation parameter items are set for each value of the operation rate, which is a load index value (FIG. 5C). As each item, for example, an evaporation temperature target value (° C.) at the time of cooling alone operation in the first evaporator 34 and the second evaporator 36 and a compressor rotation speed (rpm) at the time of cooling only operation are given. be able to.

  That is, in step S7, for example, when the calculated operation rate (maximum value) is 0.5 during CCC operation, the optimum operation parameters are “evaporation temperature target value: −5 (° C.)”, “compression”, respectively. The machine rotation speed is 2400 (rpm) ”(see FIG. 5C), and these optimum operation parameters are output from the output unit 76 to the operation control unit 78. Then, as in the case of the first control method, the operation control unit 78 resets the operation parameters of the cooling and heating device 14 with this optimum operation parameter, and controls the operation (step S8).

1.3.3 Description of Third Control Method In the first and second control methods described above, as a load index value, an operation rate ratio that is an index of a heating load and a cooling load, or an index of a heating load or a cooling load It explained as what uses the operation rate which becomes. However, as a load index value in the vending machine 10, it is of course possible to use parameters other than the operation rate ratio and the operation rate.

  Then, next, the 3rd control method of the vending machine 10 is demonstrated with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the third control method, the ambient temperature of the vending machine 10 measured by the temperature sensor T4 (see FIG. 1) is used as the load index value. When the ambient temperature is high, heat penetration from the outside into the vending machine 10 increases and the cooling load increases and the heating load decreases at the same time. On the other hand, when the ambient temperature is low, the vending machine 10 As the heat release increases to increase the heating load, the cooling load decreases. Thus, depending on the operating state of the vending machine 10, the ambient temperature can be an indicator of both the heating load and the cooling load, or an indicator of either one of the loads.

  During the operation of the vending machine 10, first, in step S11 in FIG. 6, the load index value measuring unit 70 detects the ambient temperature measured by the temperature sensor T4. This ambient temperature may be obtained by extracting one arbitrary point for each operation cycle (for example, between times t1 and t4 in FIG. 4), or the average of detection values for the entire time of the operation cycle or for a predetermined time. A value or an integrated value may be calculated.

  Steps S12 and S13 are substantially the same as steps S7 and S8 of the first and second control methods described above. That is, in step S12, the operation parameter acquisition unit 70 selects the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the ambient temperature obtained in step S11 among the optimum operation parameters for each ambient temperature (load index value) set in advance by experiments or simulations. Is obtained from the table of the predetermined storage unit 72.

  When the ambient temperature is used as the load index value, in the tables illustrated in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the ambient temperature (° C.) is set instead of the operating rate ratio and the operating rate. Optimal operating parameters should be used. For example, when the detected ambient temperature is 5 (° C.) during HCC operation, the optimum operation parameters are “evaporation temperature target value: −4 (° C.)” and “condensation temperature target value: 68 (° C.), respectively. ”,“ Electronic expansion valve opening: 1600 (msec) ”,“ Compressor rotation speed: 2600 (rpm) ”, and these optimum operation parameters are output from the output unit 76 to the operation control unit 78 for other operations. The same applies to (CCC operation and HHC operation).

  In step S13, the operation control unit 78 controls the operation by resetting the operation parameters of the cooling heating device 14 with the acquired optimum operation parameters, as in the case of the first and second control methods. .

1.4 Description of Table Creation Method Here, a table (or function) creation method stored in the storage unit 72 and a system for this creation will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the experimental means 100 which is an example of a table creation system. The experiment means 100 shown in FIG. 7 performs an experiment using the actual vending machine 101, determines the optimum operation parameter for each load index value, and creates a table (or function) as shown in FIG. Is for. In addition, when creating a table (or function) by simulation instead of an experiment using an actual machine, a system (simulation means, simulator) that can replace the actual machine vending machine 101 may be configured.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in this experimental means 100, an operation parameter value list that is a list in which the operation parameter value change law is specified is stored in a data interface card (recording medium) 102, and this list is stored in the data interface card 102. The information is input (copied) to the vending machine 101 via Then, based on the input operation parameter value list, an operation experiment is performed while sequentially changing the operation parameters under a predetermined load condition, and the obtained operation index value (for example, power value) is measured by a measuring device (data logger) 104. Is measured and stored and processed by the PC 106. 7 is a remote controller for manually operating each setting of the vending machine 101.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a table creation method. FIG. 9 is a table showing an example of the measurement data of the operation index value by the experimental means 100 shown in FIG. 7, and using the operation rate as the load condition in the experimental means 100 shown in FIG. Electric power for each load index value (for example, operating rate) measured at that time while changing the values of evaporation temperature target value (° C) and compressor rotation speed (rpm) during single cooling operation (KW) is measured as an operation index value serving as an index of power consumption during operation, and is arranged for each load index value.

  First, in step S21 in FIG. 8, the load condition is changed and set by the load condition change setting means 110. Examples of the load condition include the operation rate ratio, the operation rate, and the ambient temperature, which are the load indicators described above. The load condition change setting unit 110 includes, for example, an experimental unit together with an operation parameter set value change unit 112, a load index value measurement / calculation unit 114, an operation index value measurement / calculation unit 116, and an optimum set value determination unit 118 described later. 100 (or the simulation means) is configured as a function of the PC 106 (or the control device of the vending machine 101) (see FIG. 7).

  In step S22, the operation parameter setting value changing unit 112 changes and sets the operation parameter corresponding to the load condition set in step S21, and the vending machine 101 is operated or a simulation is performed using the simulation unit. . Subsequently, the load index value measurement / calculation means 114 measures and calculates the load index value of the vending machine 101 during the experiment (or simulation) in step S22 (step S23), and the operation index value ( For example, the electric energy) is measured / calculated by the operation index value measuring / calculating means 116 (step S24).

  Next, the operation index value (for example, electric energy) measured and calculated in step S24 is used, the measured load index value (for example, operation rate) and the set operation parameters (for example, evaporation temperature target value and compressor rotation speed). ) And a data table as shown in FIG. 9 (step S25). For example, the top row (column) in FIG. 9 shows the load condition in the CCC operation as the operation rate, and the operation parameters are “evaporation temperature target value during cooling only operation: −4 (° C.)”, “cooling alone” When the compressor speed during operation is set to 2400 (rpm), the measured and calculated load index value (operation rate) is 0.5 and the operation index value (electric power) is 1.24 (kW). It indicates that the amount of power is 0.07 (kWh).

  When acquisition of one measurement data is completed in step S25, next, the process returns to step S22, and after changing the value of the operation parameter, steps S23 to S25 are performed again, and this step S22 to S25 is repeated to perform measurement. Accumulate data (load index value and operation index value). Finally, when all the data measurement using the desired operation parameters is completed for the load condition set in step S21, the data measurement is performed under another load condition (for example, operation rate ratio or ambient temperature). In step S21, the same experiment is repeated.

  When necessary data measurement for the necessary load conditions is completed in steps S21 to S25, the optimum setting value determining means 118 arranges the operation parameter values and the measurement data of the operation index values for each load index value (see FIG. 9) The operation parameter indicating the best operation index value in one type of load index value is extracted and stored as the optimum operation parameter (step S27). For example, when the operation rate that is the load index value is 0.5, the data indicated by the arrow A1 is the best operation index value among the operation index values (power consumption) based on the measured nine operation parameters. It turns out that it is the lowest electric energy. Therefore, the operation parameter in the data indicated by the arrow A1 is determined as the optimum operation parameter at the load index value 0.5, and other load index values are determined in the same manner (see the arrows A2 and A3). A table as shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained by creating a table by arranging the optimum operation parameters for each load index value thus extracted.

  Step S26 can also be executed before the extraction / storage process of step S27. In step S26, the operation parameter value and the operation index value data among the measurement data accumulated in step S25 are approximated to a curved surface, and then in step S27, the operation index value is determined within a certain range of each operation parameter value on the curved surface. The optimum operation parameter value is extracted and stored as the optimum operation parameter for the load index value. For example, in the measurement data in the CCC operation experiment shown in FIG. 9, the evaporation temperature target value (° C.) during the cooling single operation, which is the operation parameter, is referred to as “x1”, and the compressor rotation speed (rpm) during the cooling single operation Is referred to as “x2”, and the electric energy (kW) that is the load index value is referred to as “y”, the following curved surface approximate expression can be obtained for each load index value.

  When the load index value is 0.5, the curved surface approximate expression of y = 2.21 (x1) −0.002 (x2) +0.12 (x1) ^ 2 + 0.00001 (x2) ^ 2 + 0.09 is obtained. can get. Therefore, the optimum operation with (x1, x2) = (− 5.5, 2650) as the optimum value in the range “−8 ≦ x1 ≦ −4, 2400 ≦ x2 ≦ 2800” of each operation parameter on this function. Parameters can be obtained. Similarly, when the load index value is 0.75, a curved surface with y = 1.71 (x1) −0.0012 (x2) +0.21 (x1) ^ 2 + 0.00002 (x2) ^ 2 + 0.11 An approximate expression is obtained. Therefore, the optimum operation with (x1, x2) = (− 6.7, 2755) as the optimum value in the range “−8 ≦ x1 ≦ −4, 2400 ≦ x2 ≦ 2800” of each operation parameter on this function. Parameters can be obtained. When the load index value is 1.0, the curved surface approximation of y = 1.21 (x1) −0.003 (x2) +0.32 (x1) ^ 2 + 0.00003 (x2) ^ 2 + 0.23 The formula is obtained. Therefore, the optimum operation with (x1, x2) = (− 8.5, 2350) as the optimum value in the range “−8 ≦ x1 ≦ −4, 2400 ≦ x2 ≦ 2800” of each operation parameter on this function Parameters can be obtained.

  The optimum operating parameters in steps S21 to S27 are determined by executing a loop that returns only to step S22 without returning to step S21 after step S25, and then proceeds to step S27 (S26). It may be performed in the procedure of returning to step S21 after determining the optimum operating parameter from the measurement data obtained for each of the two load conditions (refer to the two-dot chain line arrow from step S27 to step S21 in FIG. 8). After S25, by executing a loop returning to step S22 and then returning to step S21, a procedure for determining optimum operating parameters collectively for each load condition from all measurement data obtained by changing the load condition is performed. Also good.

  Even when a function is created instead of a table, the same process as the procedure shown in FIG. 8 may be performed. For example, when the optimum operation parameter is extracted by the optimum setting value determination means 118 in step S27, each load index value is obtained. And the optimum operation parameter are defined by a function, and this function may be stored.

1.5 Description of Modified Example of Table Creation Method Next, a modified example of the table (or function) creation method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  The above-described table creation method performs an experiment (or simulation) based on a predetermined operation parameter value list, and obtains optimum parameters from the entire measurement data obtained. On the other hand, the creation method according to this modified example searches for other operation parameters based on the operation index value obtained in accordance with the operation parameters for each load condition, and thereby uses the actual machine or simulator of the vending machine. This is a technique for executing a search-based optimization technique as a model and obtaining optimum operating parameters under the load condition (load index value).

  First, in step S31 in FIG. 10, the load condition (operating rate ratio or operating rate or ambient temperature) is changed and set, and a predetermined load index value in the load condition is set. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the operation rate is set as the load condition, and 0.5 is set as the load index value at that time.

  Subsequently, an initial value, which is an operation parameter value at the start of the experiment or simulation, is set for the operation parameter corresponding to the set load condition (step S32), and the automatic means that configures the experimental means 100 by this operation parameter initial value. Operation of the vending machine 101 and the simulation means is started (step S33).

  In step S34, an operation index value (for example, electric energy) of the vending machine 101 during the experiment (or simulation) in step S33 is measured and calculated (step S34). Then, evaluation of the obtained driving index value, for example, the measurement data before (m + 1) seconds and the measurement data before m seconds are compared (step S35), and whether or not the driving index value has converged to the best value (optimum value). Is determined (step S36).

  When the operation index value has not converged to the set load condition and the best value of the load index value (NO in step S36), next, after step S37 is executed to calculate the change width of the operation parameter value, The operation parameter value is changed and set (step S38). Next, returning to step S33, the operation of the vending machine 101 and the simulation means is repeated with the operation parameter value changed in step S38, and the loop is repeated until the operation index value converges to the best value in step S36. Note that the change of the operation parameter value in step S38 may be optimized using, for example, a known simplex method.

  When it is determined in step S36 that the operation index value has converged to the set load condition and the best value of the load index value (YES in step S36), that is, when the operation index value is the electric energy (kWh). If it is determined that the amount of power has converged to the minimum value in the load condition and the load index value, next, Step S39 is executed. In step S39, as in step S27 in FIG. 8, the operation parameter value indicating the best operation index value is extracted and stored as the optimum operation parameter. Thereafter, returning to step S31 again, the load conditions and the load index values are changed to perform the processes of steps S32 to S39, and the optimum operation parameters for each load index value are obtained by repeating the processes of steps S31 to S39. Then, a table as shown in FIG. 5 may be created. Of course, in this modified example, a function may be created instead of the table.

  As described above, the vending machine 10 according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which power consumption changes depending on (depends on) a predetermined operation parameter, and the commodity storage room 12 (rear storages 12L, 12M, and 12R). A control device 16 is provided for controlling the operation of the cooling and heating device 14 so that the room temperature (internal temperature) falls within a preset temperature range based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensors T1 to T3 set inside. The control device 16 has at least one of the heating load in the heating cabinet (left warehouse 12L, middle warehouse 12M) and the cooling load in the cooling cabinet (left warehouse 12L, middle warehouse 12M, right warehouse 12R). A load index value measuring unit 70 that measures a load index value (for example, an operation rate ratio or an operation rate or an ambient temperature) serving as an index while the vending machine 10 is operating, and an optimum operation parameter (evaporation) for each load index value An operation parameter acquisition unit 74 that acquires an optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured by the load index value measurement unit 70 from the storage unit 72 in which a temperature target value and the like are set in advance, and the acquired optimum operation parameter And an operation control unit 78 that controls the operation of the cooling and heating device 14.

  In this way, the cooling and heating device 14 is sequentially operated and controlled by the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured online during the operation of the vending machine 10, so that during the operation of the vending machine 10, For example, it is possible to control operations that follow load values (load fluctuations) that change every moment due to changes in product inventory and ambient temperature, improving operating efficiency and reducing power consumption as much as possible. It becomes.

  At this time, the operation control unit 78 includes a compressor control unit 80 that is a rotation number correction unit that changes the rotation number of the compressor 26 and an expansion valve that is an opening degree correction unit that changes the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30. A control unit 82 is provided, and the control device 16 can change the rotation speed of the compressor 26 and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30 based on the optimum operation parameter acquired by the operation parameter acquisition unit 74. For this reason, the cooling and heating device 14 can be operated while appropriately adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor 26 and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 30 based on the set value of the optimum operation parameter. It is avoided that the cooling and heating device 14 is operated with a sufficient capacity, and the operating efficiency of the vending machine 10 can be further improved.

2. Description of Vending Machine According to Second Embodiment Next, a vending machine 10a according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The vending machine 10a according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as the vending machine 10 according to the first embodiment, except that it includes a control device 16a having a different configuration from the control device 16 shown in FIG. . For this reason, in the following description, elements having the same or similar functions and effects as those of the vending machine 10 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

2.1 Description of Configuration of Control Device FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 16a of the vending machine 10a according to the second embodiment. In addition to the configuration of the control device 16, the control device 16a further obtains power (power consumption) during operation (power consumption) of the vending machine 10a sequentially based on the detected power value of the power meter W. Unit 120 and an operation parameter search unit 122 that searches for and acquires an operation parameter value that minimizes the power value acquired by the power acquisition unit 120.

2.2 Description of Fourth Control Method Next, the first control method of the vending machine 10a according to the second embodiment (however, the first to third control methods in the first embodiment described above) Hereinafter, in order to avoid confusion, the fourth control method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This fourth control method is sequentially executed every operation cycle (for example, between times t1 to t4 in FIG. 4) or every predetermined time while the vending machine 10a is in operation, and the operating state of the vending machine 10a. The power consumption is controlled as much as possible by controlling the power consumption according to the power consumption at that time.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the fourth control method. First, in step S41 in FIG. 12, the initial value of the operating parameter is set, and the vending machine 10a is controlled to operate with this initial operating parameter value (step S42). During the operation of the vending machine 10a, the control device 16a, based on the detection results of the temperature sensors T1 to T3 in each warehouse, sets the internal temperature of each warehouse 12L, 12M, 12R in a preset temperature range (for example, The cooling and heating device 14 is controlled to be controlled at 63 ° C. to 67 ° C. for HOT and 3 ° C. to 7 ° C. for COLD, and this operation control is continued while the vending machine 10a is in operation.

  In step S43, an operation index value (for example, electric energy) of the vending machine 10a is measured and calculated. Then, the obtained driving index value is subjected to a filtering process using a moving average or the like as necessary (step S44), and then, for example, the measurement data before (m + 1) seconds and the measurement data before m seconds are obtained. Comparison is made (step S45), and it is determined whether or not the operation index value has converged to the best value (optimum value) (step S46).

  If the operation index value has not converged to the best value (NO in step S46), next, step S47 is executed to calculate the change range of the operation parameter value, and then the operation parameter value is changed and set (step S48). ). Next, returning to step S42, the vending machine 10a is operated with the operation parameter changed in step S48, and this loop is repeated until the operation index value converges to the best value in step S46. Note that the operation parameter change in step S48 may be optimized using, for example, a known simplex method, a method shown in FIG.

  In step S46, when it is determined that the driving index value has converged to the best value (YES in step S46), that is, when the driving index value is the power amount, it is determined that the power amount has converged to the minimum value. Then, step S49 is executed, and the operation parameter value indicating the best operation index value is extracted as the optimum operation parameter and output from the output unit 76 to the operation control unit 78. Therefore, in step S50, the operation control unit 78 resets the operation parameters of the cooling and heating device 14 with the searched optimum operation parameters, and controls the operation. Thereafter, by sequentially executing steps S41 to S50 while the vending machine 10a is in operation, the operation can be continued while suppressing power consumption as much as possible.

2.2.1 Explanation of Search Method for Optimal Operation Parameter Next, as a specific example of the search method for the optimal operation parameter in the fourth control method described above, a search method in the case where the compressor speed is used as the operation parameter will be described. explain.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for searching for an optimum operating parameter when the compressor rotational speed is used as the operating parameter, and is a graph showing a change in electric energy per cycle when the compressor rotational speed is changed. is there. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the optimum operation parameter search method shown in FIG.

  In this search method, the operation is started as a predetermined initial value (for example, the number of rotations R1 in FIG. 13) as the operation parameter, and the value changed from the initial value (for example, in FIG. 13). , Each cycle is operated, and the power consumption is measured for each cycle. If the power consumption (power measurement value) measured in the current cycle is increased compared to the power measurement value in the previous cycle, the change direction of the rotation speed from the previous time to the current time in the next cycle The compressor 26 is operated at the rotation speed changed in the opposite direction. On the other hand, if the current power measurement value has decreased compared to the previous power measurement value, the next cycle is compressed with the rotation speed changed in the same direction as the rotation speed change direction from the previous time to this time. By operating the machine 26 and repeating these operations, the power measurement value is converged to the minimum value, and the rotation speed at that time is extracted as the optimum operation parameter.

  First, after setting the initial value R1 of the rotation speed of the compressor 26 (step S51), the compressor 26 is driven at the rotation speed of the initial value R1 to perform the first cycle operation (step S52). Then, when the operation of the first cycle of the compressor 26 is stopped (OFF) (for example, at time t3 in FIG. 4D), the electric energy up to that point is set as the electric energy P1 of the first cycle. After the measurement (step S53), 1 is substituted for i in step S54 (i = 1), and then the process proceeds to step S55. For example, the relationship between the initial value R1 of the rotation speed of the compressor 26 and the amount of power P1 that is the power measurement value at that time is expressed as shown in FIG.

  In step S55, the rotational speed is set to R (i + 1) = Ri + ΔR in order to change the rotational speed setting value of the compressor 26 in preparation for the next cycle. That is, when the next cycle is the second cycle, R2 (= R1 + ΔR). In this case, ΔR represents an increase in the number of rotations in the next cycle relative to the number of rotations in the previous cycle, and is set to 100 (rpm), for example. Therefore, when the previous rotation speed is, for example, 2500 (rpm) and ΔR, which is an increase, is 100, the rotation speed of the next cycle is 2600 (rpm).

  In step S56, the (i + 1) -th cycle operation is performed at the rotation speed R (i + 1) set in step S55. That is, when the previous cycle is the first cycle, the current cycle is the second cycle, and the compressor 26 is operated at R2 (= R1 + ΔR). Then, when the operation of the (i + 1) cycle of the compressor 26 is stopped, the power amount P (i + 1) of the (i + 1) cycle is measured (step S57). That is, when the current cycle is the second cycle, the electric energy P2 is measured.

  Next, in step S58, the power amount Pi that is the power measurement value in the previous cycle is compared with the power amount P (i + 1) that is the power measurement value in the current cycle. As a result, when P (i + 1) ≧ Pi, (−αΔR) is substituted for ΔR (ΔR = (− αΔR)). On the other hand, if P (i + 1) <Pi, αΔR (α> 0) is substituted for ΔR (ΔR = αΔR). In this case, α is a coefficient for adjusting ΔR, which is the advance width from the current rotational speed to the next rotational speed, and by adjusting the coefficient α, the next rotational speed can be reduced, for example, by a reduction amount of electric energy. It can be adjusted to an optimum value considering the above.

  Here, when the operation is performed while changing from the previous rotation speed R1 to the current rotation speed R2, in the example shown in FIG. 13, the electric energy per cycle decreases from P1 to P2 (P2 <P1). Therefore, the next rotation speed is set to ΔR = αΔR. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, when the current operation is performed by changing to the rotation speed R5 when the previous rotation speed is R4, the amount of electric power per cycle is increased. Is set to ΔR = (− αΔR), so that the next rotational speed is lower than the current rotational speed, and in FIG. 13, the rotational speed changes from the rotational speed R5 position to the R4 position. To do.

  In step S59, it is determined whether or not the electric energy has converged to a predetermined minimum value. For example, when the convergence to the minimum value is not confirmed as in the case of the rotational speed R3 in FIG. 13 (NO in step S59), after substituting (i + 1) for i in step S60 (i = i + 1), the step Returning to S55, the steps S55 to S60 are repeated. On the other hand, for example, when the convergence to the minimum value is confirmed as in the case of the rotation speed R4 in FIG. 13 (YES in step S59), the rotation speed R4 for obtaining this minimum value is extracted as the optimum operation parameter ( Step S61), thereby ending the search for the optimum operation parameter. Note that the minimum value indicates a point indicating a minimum amount of electric power when the operating parameter (in this case, the number of revolutions of the compressor 26) is appropriately changed. Of course it is good. When there are a plurality of operating parameters, the operating parameters may be optimized using, for example, a known simplex method.

2.3 Description of Fifth Control Method The fourth control method described above is applied when the control device 16a can measure the electric energy in real time (online) with the power meter W or the like as shown in FIG. In fact, there are many vending machines that cannot measure the amount of power online. Therefore, the fifth control method is applicable even to a vending machine 10a having a configuration that does not have equipment (for example, a power meter W) that measures the amount of power online.

  In general, the power consumption of the compressor 26 occupies most of the power consumption of the vending machine. Therefore, in the fifth control method, the power consumption of the compressor 26 is estimated, and an operation parameter for reducing the power consumption of the vending machine 10a is searched based on the estimated value.

  Normally, when the compressor 26 driven by the AC power source is operated with the rotation speed variable under the control of the inverter 40, the power consumption of the compressor 26 is proportional to the rotation speed. At this time, in the vending machine 10a, the operation control unit 78 (compressor control unit 80) for controlling the rotation speed of the compressor 26 outputs the rotation speed command value to the inverter 40 and compresses the operation control unit 78 inside. The rotational speed information of the machine 26 is held, and a general vending machine has a substantially similar structure. In addition, it is known that the rotational speed command value and the actual rotational speed (actually measured value) generally coincide with each other, and therefore no particular problem occurs even if the command value is used instead of the actually measured value.

  As can be understood from FIGS. 4D and 4E, the rotation speed command value from the compressor control unit 80 is output at a constant sampling period, and the electric power at each moment is the inverter 40. Therefore, the integral value of the rotation speed command value for a certain period, that is, the value obtained by integrating the rotation speed command value for each sampling period and dividing by the sampling period is It is proportional to the power consumption (estimated power consumption) during the period.

  Thus, since the power consumption for each operation cycle is an index indicating the power consumption of the compressor 26, that is, the vending machine 10a, the rotation speed of the compressor 26 shown in FIG. When integrated, the result is proportional to the amount of power for one cycle, as shown in FIG. 4E, and the value obtained by multiplying this amount of power by a predetermined proportionality coefficient is an estimated value of the amount of power consumed for that cycle. Can be specified as At this time, in the search for the optimum operating parameter, the absolute value of the electric energy is not necessary, and it is sufficient if a relative change in the electric energy is obtained. Therefore, the proportional coefficient is omitted, and the rotation speed of the compressor 26 is set. The integrated value can be regarded as the electric energy.

  As described above, since the power consumption for each operation cycle can be estimated and calculated even in a configuration in which power cannot be measured online, in the fifth control method, the optimum operation parameter is based on the estimated power value. Search for. Specifically, the procedure may be substantially the same as the fourth control method and the optimum operation parameter search method, and instead of the electric energy measurement process in step S45 in FIG. 12 and steps S53 and S57 in FIG. What is necessary is just to perform the electric energy estimation process by an above-described estimation method.

2.4 Explanation of Method for Improving Search Efficiency for Optimal Operation Parameters In the vending machine 10a according to the second embodiment, the optimum operation parameter search method applied to the fourth and fifth control methods described above is, for example, By optimizing the initial values of the operating parameters to be searched and the search area as appropriate, the search efficiency can be further improved.

  Here, also with respect to the vending machine 10a, the load index value can be obtained by measuring or calculating online, similarly to the vending machine 10 according to the first embodiment. At this time, the operation parameter is regarded as a variable, and the region where the optimum operation parameter exists in the space constituted by the variable is considered to change according to the load of the vending machine 10a. That is, the improvement method attempts to improve the search efficiency of the optimum operation parameter by using the load index value.

  First, when optimizing the initial value of the operating parameter to be searched, when searching for the optimal operating parameter in the above-described optimal operating parameter searching method (for example, step S51 in FIG. 14), the search is performed for each load index value. An initial value table for obtaining the operation parameter value that is the initial value is prepared in advance. This initial value table may be the same as the table shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C. For example, when the operation parameter is the rotational speed of the compressor 26, the initial value table is shown in FIGS. The rotation speed corresponding to each load index value shown in 5 (C) is the initial value of the search.

  That is, based on the table illustrated in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C, the optimum operating parameter corresponding to the load index value sequentially measured and calculated is acquired as the initial value of the search, and from this initial value Perform a search. For example, when the load index value is 1 in the HCC operation, the initial value (R1) is set to the rotation speed 2500 (rpm), and step S51 in FIG. 14 is executed. As a result, the search can be performed using the optimum operation parameter corresponding to the load index value as an initial value, and thus the time and processing load required for the search can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved.

  Next, when optimizing the search area, a table (search area table) defining the search area for each load index value is created in advance when searching for the optimal operation parameter in the above-described optimal operation parameter search method. (See FIG. 15).

  FIG. 15 shows an example of a search area table during HCC operation. As shown in FIG. 15, the search area table is a table in which the upper limit and the lower limit of the operation parameter are determined for each load index value.For example, in FIG. 15, the evaporation target temperature and the condensation target temperature are adopted as the operation parameters, These upper and lower limits are shown. Then, a search area (range) of operation parameters corresponding to the load index value sequentially measured / calculated is acquired from the search area table, and the search is performed for this search area. For example, when the load index value is 1 in HCC operation, the lower limit of the evaporation temperature target value is −6 (° C.), the upper limit is −3 (° C.), and the lower limit of the condensation temperature target value is 63. (° C.), the upper limit is 73 (° C.), and the search method for the optimum operation parameter is executed for this search region. Thereby, since the search area | region of an operation parameter can be narrowed down according to a load index value, the time and processing burden which a search requires can be reduced, and the efficiency improvement can be achieved.

  As described above, the vending machine 10a according to the present embodiment is configured to perform heating and / or cooling of the product storage chamber 12 and to change power consumption depending on predetermined operating parameters. A control device 16a is provided for controlling the operation of the cooling and heating device 14 so that the room temperature falls within a preset temperature range based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensors T1 to T3 set in the product storage chamber 12. The control device 16a includes a power acquisition unit 120 that measures or estimates power consumption during operation of the vending machine 10a, and operates the cooling and heating device 14 by changing operation parameters. The operation parameter search unit 122 that searches and acquires the operation parameter that minimizes the acquired power measurement value or power estimation value, and the operation parameter of the cooling and heating device 14 is controlled using the operation parameter acquired by the operation parameter search unit 122. An operation control unit 78 is provided.

  As described above, the cooling and heating device 14 is sequentially operated and controlled by the operation parameter that minimizes the power consumption that is measured or estimated online during the operation of the vending machine 10a. Therefore, during the operation of the vending machine 10a, For example, it is possible to perform operation control corresponding to load fluctuations caused by changes in the inventory amount of goods and ambient temperature, and it is possible to improve operation efficiency and reduce power consumption as much as possible.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be freely changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, as the vending machines 10 and 10a according to each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration including the product storage room 12 having a three-store configuration is illustrated, but the configuration may be one store, two stores, or four or more stores. Good. For example, in the case of a one-compartment configuration with only the left compartment 12L, a circuit configuration may be constructed so that the left-compartment heat exchanger 32 and the external heat exchanger 28 can function as a condenser or an evaporator, respectively. Similarly, for example, in the case of a two-chamber configuration including only the left warehouse 12L and the middle warehouse 12M, the second evaporator 36 in the right warehouse 12R is omitted, and piping and the like related to the second evaporator 36 are appropriately set. A circuit configuration omitted may be constructed. Moreover, it cannot be overemphasized that the structure of the refrigerant circuit shown in FIG. 1 can be changed suitably.

  Further, in the vending machine 10 according to the first and second embodiments, as the load index value, any one of the operation rate ratio, the operation rate in the heating chamber, the operation rate of the cooling chamber, and the ambient temperature is described. Although the method using is illustrated, control may be performed using a plurality of load index values. For example, when the operation rate ratio and the ambient temperature are used as the load index values, a method such as averaging each of the optimum operation parameters based on the respective load index values after being multiplied by a predetermined weighting coefficient is employed. May be.

10, 10a, 101 Vending machine 12 Commodity storage room 12L Left warehouse 12M Middle warehouse 12R Right warehouse 14 Cooling and heating device 16, 16a Control device 26 Compressor 30 Electronic expansion valve 32 Left warehouse heat exchanger 34 First evaporator 36 First 2 evaporator 40 inverter 70 load index value measurement unit 74 operation parameter acquisition unit 76 output unit 78 operation control unit 120 power acquisition unit 122 operation parameter search unit F1-F4 fan H1, H2 heater T1-T4 temperature sensor

Claims (10)

A compressor that sucks and compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, an expansion device that decompresses the refrigerant condensed by the condenser, and a refrigerant that is decompressed by the expansion device. A vending machine that uses a cooling and heating device including an evaporator to evaporate, performs heating and / or cooling of the product storage room, and changes power consumption depending on predetermined operating parameters,
Based on the detection temperature of the temperature sensor set in the commodity storage room, comprising a control device for controlling the operation of the cooling and heating device so that the room temperature is in a preset temperature range,
The control device, a load index value measuring unit that measures a load index value serving as an index of at least one of a heating load and a cooling load in the commodity storage room during operation of the vending machine,
An operation parameter acquisition unit that acquires an optimal operation parameter corresponding to the load index value measured by the load index value measurement unit from an optimal operation parameter storage unit in which an optimal operation parameter for each load index value is set in advance;
An operation control unit that performs operation control of the cooling and heating device using the optimal operation parameter acquired by the optimal operation parameter acquisition unit;
A vending machine characterized by comprising: The vending machine according to claim 1,
The operation control unit includes a rotation speed correction unit that changes the rotation speed of the compressor, and an opening degree correction unit that changes the opening degree of the expansion device,
The control device is configured to change the rotation speed of the compressor and the opening of the expansion device by the rotation speed correction unit and the opening degree correction unit based on the optimum operation parameter acquired by the optimal operation parameter acquisition unit. And vending machine. In the vending machine according to claim 1 or 2,
As the load index value, an operation rate ratio that is a ratio of an operation rate of the heating operation in the heating chamber in the commodity storage room and an operation rate of the cooling operation in the cooling chamber, and an operation of the heating operation in the heating chamber A vending machine using one or more of the rate, the operating rate of the cooling operation in the refrigerator, and the ambient temperature of the vending machine. In the vending machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
As the operating parameters, the set temperature in the heating chamber, the set temperature in the cooling chamber, the rotation speed of the compressor, the opening of the expansion device, and the condensation blown to the condenser A vending machine using at least one of a rotation speed of an evaporator fan, a rotation speed of an evaporator fan that blows air to the evaporator, and an output of a heater installed in the heating chamber. The vending machine according to claim 4,
The control device executes feedback control for causing the refrigerant condensing temperature in the condenser and the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the evaporator to follow target values,
The vending machine further comprising at least one of the target value of the condensation temperature and the target value of the evaporation temperature as the operation parameter. In the vending machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The vending machine, wherein the operation parameter storage unit stores optimum operation parameters for each load index value as a table or a function. In the control device of the vending machine according to claim 6,
The table or function storing the optimum operating parameters for each load index value uses the actual machine or simulator of the vending machine, operates the actual machine or simulator while changing the operating parameter value, The vending machine is characterized in that it is created by setting an operation parameter that generates a large amount of power consumption as an optimum operation parameter for each load index value. A compressor that sucks and compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, an expansion device that decompresses the refrigerant condensed by the condenser, and a refrigerant that is decompressed by the expansion device. A vending machine that uses a cooling and heating device including an evaporator to evaporate, performs heating and / or cooling of the product storage room, and changes power consumption depending on predetermined operating parameters,
Based on the detection temperature of the temperature sensor set in the commodity storage room, comprising a control device for controlling the operation of the cooling and heating device so that the room temperature is in a preset temperature range,
The control device is a power acquisition unit that measures or estimates power during operation of the vending machine;
Operating the cooling and heating apparatus by varying the operation parameter, and searching for and obtaining an operation parameter that minimizes the power measurement value or the power estimation value acquired by the power acquisition unit; and
An operation control unit that performs operation control of the cooling and heating device using the operation parameters acquired by the operation parameter search unit;
A vending machine characterized by comprising: The vending machine according to claim 8,
Comprising an inverter for changing the rotational speed of the compressor;
The vending machine, wherein the power acquisition unit estimates and calculates the estimated power value from a rotation speed of a compressor controlled by the inverter. The vending machine according to claim 8 or 9,
The operation parameter search unit is configured to change a search initial value or a search region of the operation parameter according to a load index value serving as an index of at least one of a heating load and a cooling load in the commodity storage room. Vending machine featuring.

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