JP2012250189A - Device for classifying solid particle in liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for classifying solid particles in a liquid, capable of classifying the solid particles in the liquid continuously.SOLUTION: The device S for classifying the solid particles in the liquid, which classifies the solid particles from the liquid w that contains the solid particles, includes: a pump 20 for supplying the liquid w that contains the solid particles; a centrifugal mechanism 10 with a coil type or helical type circular tube 10e into which the liquid w flows; and water intakes 11 and 12 for taking out the liquid w separated corresponding to the strength of a centrifugal force in the downstream of the centrifugal mechanism 10 into plural parts, that are, the liquid w on a side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied near the central axis O in the circular tube 10e, the liquid w on a side where the centrifugal force is weakly applied distant from the central axis O, and the liquid w between both sides.

Description

  The present invention relates to a water quality measuring instrument for performing control for injecting a flocculant for aggregating turbid components in raw water at a water purification plant, for example, and in particular a solid in liquid for classifying flocs in which turbid components are aggregated. The present invention relates to a particle classifier.

  Conventionally, in water purification plants and the like, a flocculant is injected into the raw water taken to agglomerate turbid components in the raw water to form flocs, and the flocs formed are settled in a sedimentation basin and separated. It has been broken. Precipitated water separated by floc sedimentation is introduced into a filtration basin, which is a next-stage (downstream) water purification facility, filtered, and separated into filtered water and impurities. In this coagulation sedimentation treatment, the coagulant injection rate determined according to the quality of raw water, for example, the concentration of turbid components, is important.

  In the coagulation sedimentation treatment, the coagulant injection rate is generally calculated from the measurement results of the raw water quality (turbidity, alkalinity, pH, etc.) according to the preset coagulant injection model formula, and the coagulant is based on the coagulant injection rate. Feedforward control that combines feedforward control for injecting slag and feedback control for correcting the flocculant injection rate based on the measurement result of turbidity at the sedimentation tank outlet is employed.

  However, because of the nature of the coagulation sedimentation process, that is, through the process of flocculating the turbid content into flocs with the coagulant and spontaneous precipitation by gravity, the turbidity at the final sedimentation tank outlet after injecting the coagulant The time delay is about 3 to 4 hours until it becomes clear. For this reason, it is difficult to correct the flocculant injection rate by feedback. That is, it is difficult to make appropriate corrections such as fluctuations in the quality of raw water due to a large time delay.

  Therefore, in order to shorten the time delay, a flocculant injection control method using a micro floc after the flocculant injection as an index has been proposed. This control method collects raw water into which flocculant has been injected at a stage earlier than the conventional sedimentation outlet, thereby reducing the time delay of feedback correction and injecting flocculant early even if the quality of the raw water fluctuates. The rate can be corrected.

  Specifically, if the raw water into which the flocculant is injected has a lot of fine flocs, subsequent floc growth slows down, resulting in high turbidity at the sedimentation tank outlet. Therefore, the flocculant injection rate can be corrected with high accuracy by acquiring a minute floc by a classification means such as a filter and measuring the amount thereof.

Here, as a method for quantifying fine flocs, for example, measuring the aluminum concentration of a solid component can be cited. Examples of methods for measuring the aluminum concentration in sample water (raw water) include atomic absorption photometry, ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) emission spectroscopic analysis, ICP mass spectrometry, and spectrophotometry. Among these, as a spectrophotometric method, there is a method using Eriochrome Cyanine Red (C ₂₃ H ₁₅ Na ₃ O ₉ S, hereinafter referred to as ECR) as a color reagent. Since soluble aluminum causes a color reaction with the ECR reagent in the range of pH 4.6 to 5.6 to form a complex, it is quantified by determining its absorbance.

  In order to realize this coagulant injection control method, a solid particle classifier that can continuously classify the fine flocs in the sample water (raw water) is required. As a means for increasing the content ratio of these micro flocs, for example, after collecting the water to be treated into a beaker and injecting a predetermined amount of flocculant, rapid stirring, slow stirring and standing are performed, and the supernatant liquid is collected. There is a watering method (jar test).

  As a continuous treatment method, Patent Document 1 is provided with suspended water and treated water supplied from the upper part of the apparatus, and a downward flow path through which the downward flow flows and a lower part of the downward flow path are opened. A suspension water separation processing system is disclosed that includes a sedimentation section that reverses the downward flow into an upward flow, and an ascending flow path through which the upward flow is provided above the sedimentation section.

  In Patent Document 2, a water sampling port having a structure in which the upper surface is closed is arranged at the center of the bottom portion of the tank, and means for collecting water by overflowing a liquid having a low suspended solids concentration at the upper part of the tank. Means for discharging at least a part of the liquid with a high concentration of suspended solids installed and collected from the bottom part of the tank in the circumferential direction, and at least a part of the liquid collected by overflow from the top part of the tank to the circumference Disclosed is a suspension separator that discharges in a direction, or that provides both of these means to create a swirling flow in a tank.

JP 2004-154690 A JP-A-4-346803

  However, the above-mentioned jar test is a batch type, and treated water cannot be obtained continuously. Further, since the test time is about 20 minutes, there is a problem (problem) that it takes time to classify.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem (problem) that although it is possible to classify a minute floc itself, it takes time to classify. Specifically, the configurations of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are expected to require about 20 minutes for classification, and cannot sufficiently cope with the feedback correction of the flocculant injection control.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an in-liquid solid particle classifying apparatus capable of continuously classifying fine flocs (solid particles) in a liquid.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have developed a solid particle classifier for classifying micro flocs equipped with a serpentine or spiral centrifugal mechanism.

  As a specific solution, the submerged solid particle classifier of the present invention is a submerged solid particle classifier that classifies the solid particles from a liquid containing solid particles, and supplies the liquid containing the solid particles. A centrifugal separation mechanism having a serpentine-type or spiral-type circular tube into which the liquid flows, a liquid on the side where the centrifugal force near the central axis is strongly applied in the circular tube, and a distance from the central axis And a water intake port that takes out the liquid on the side to which the centrifugal force is weakly applied and the liquid between the both sides separately into a plurality of portions corresponding to the strength of the centrifugal force downstream of the centrifugal separation mechanism.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the solid particle classification apparatus in a liquid which can classify | categorize the fine floc (solid particle) in a liquid continuously is realizable.

It is the block diagram which looked at the underwater solid particle classification apparatus of Embodiment 1 concerning this invention from the top. It is a figure which shows the performance of the solid particle classification apparatus of Embodiment 1. It is the block diagram which looked at the solid particle classification device in water which can be centrifuged in the same flow path of Embodiment 2 from the upper part. It is the block diagram which looked at the underwater solid particle classifier which installed the flow-dividing plate in the exit flow path of the circular pipe of Embodiment 3 from upper direction. (a) is the block diagram (top view) which looked at the U-shaped centrifuge mechanism from the upper side by the front view of the underwater solid particle classification device of Embodiment 4, (b) is an A direction arrow view of (a). It is a figure (front view). FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a double spiral centrifugal separation mechanism of the underwater solid particle classifier of Embodiment 5 as viewed from above.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an underwater solid particle classifier of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The underwater solid particle classifier of the present embodiment centrifuges flocs (solid particles) in which turbid components contained in sample water (liquid) are aggregated by a serpentine type or helical centrifuge mechanism, to obtain arbitrary particles. It is characterized by collecting water containing a large amount of solid particles having a diameter equal to or less than the diameter.

<< Embodiment 1 >>
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an underwater solid particle classifier according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from above.
The underwater solid particle classifier S of Embodiment 1 includes a pump 20 for supplying sample water w of raw water and a centrifugal separation mechanism 10 for classifying flocs (solid particles) in the supplied sample water w. Is done.

The centrifugal separation mechanism 10 classifies solid particles contained in the sample water w flowing in a circular shape (arrow α1 in FIG. 1) in the circular tube 10e by centrifugal force due to circular motion. In FIG. 1, the portion of the circular pipe 10e is highlighted with a broken line. Incidentally, a member denoted by reference numeral 10o will be described in a third embodiment described later.
The inner diameter of the serpentine or spiral circular tube 10e constituting the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is desirably 8 mm or more.

  This is because when the inner diameter of the circular tube 10e is 8 mm or less, the cross-sectional area of the flow is too small, and a supernatant liquid (water from which solid particles have been relatively removed) and a high suspension containing a large amount of separated solid particles are used. This is because it becomes difficult to take out from the classified water outlet 11 and the high suspension outlet 12, respectively.

On the other hand, when the inner diameter of the circular pipe 10e is large, the minimum radius to be a serpentine pipe or a helix is increased and a large installation space is required, and in the case of flowing at the same flow velocity as compared with the circular pipe 10e having a small inner diameter. It is desirable that the inner diameter of the circular tube 10e is within 20 mm because the required flow rate increases.
Therefore, the inner diameter of the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is preferably in the range of 8 to 20 mm, but may be larger or smaller than 8 to 20 mm depending on the purpose.

In the first embodiment, as an example, the flow rate of the sample water w by the pump 20 is 15 L (liter) / min (min), and the inner diameter of the circular tube 10 e is 12 mm.
The mean flow velocity v of the fluid in the circular tube 10e of the snake tube or the spiral tube is calculated from the following equation (1) from the relationship of flow velocity = flow rate / flow channel cross-sectional area.
v = q / (π · (D / 2) ² ) (1)

Here, D is the inner diameter (m) of the circular tube 10e, and q is the flow rate (m ³ / s) of the sample water w.
Under the conditions of the first embodiment, the flow velocity v in the tangential direction of the circular motion of the fluid (sample water w) flowing circularly in the circular pipe 10e is 2.2 m / s.
The centrifugal acceleration a applied to the solid particles contained in the sample water w is proportional to the square of the moving speed (flow velocity v). The centrifugal acceleration a is calculated by the following equation (2).

a = v ² / r (2)
Here, r is the distance (m) from the rotation axis O to the circular tube 10e (sample water w (solid particles) in the circular tube 10e), and is 0.08 m in the first embodiment. The centrifugal acceleration a increases in inverse proportion to the distance r from the rotation axis O, that is, the centrifugal acceleration a increases as the distance r decreases. Therefore, it is preferable to design the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 so that the distance r from the rotation axis O is shortened.

  By the way, when the centrifugal acceleration a applied to the liquid (sample water w) in the circular tube 10e is smaller than the gravitational acceleration g, the movement of the liquid in the circular tube 10e may be hindered depending on the extending direction of the circular tube 10e. There is. Therefore, a centrifugal acceleration a equal to or greater than the gravitational acceleration g is applied to the sample water w in the circular tube 10e.

That is, the flow velocity v in the tangential direction of the circular movement (circular motion) of the fluid (sample water w) in the circular pipe 10e and the distance r from the rotation axis O satisfy the following relationship.
(a =) v ² /r>9.8 m / s ² (g: gravitational acceleration) (3)
Under the conditions of the first embodiment, since the flow velocity v of the fluid (sample water w) is 2.2 m / s and r is 0.08 m, the centrifugal acceleration a is 60.5 m / it is s ^2. Therefore, the relationship of Formula (3) is satisfied.

Further, when the volume of the solid particles is V and d is the particle size of the solid particles,
V = (4/3) · π · (d / 2) ³ (4)
There is a relationship.
Note that the centrifugal force f applied to the solid particles is expressed by using the centrifugal acceleration a in the formula (2), where m is the mass of the solid particles.
f (centrifugal force) = m · a (5)
It is expressed.

Since the mass m of the solid particles is proportional to the volume V, f (centrifugal force) ∝ d ³ / r (6) from the equations (2) and (4)
There is a relationship.
From the equation (6), the centrifugal force f applied to the solid particles is inversely proportional to the distance r from the rotation axis O of the circular tube 10e and proportional to the cube of the diameter d of the solid particles (d ³ ).

Thus, since the centrifugal force f applied to the solid particles is inversely proportional to the distance r, the centrifugal force f increases as the distance r decreases. That is, the centrifugal force f is larger toward the inner side of the circular tube 10e. On the other hand, the greater the distance r, the smaller the centrifugal force f. That is, the centrifugal force f is smaller toward the outside in the circular pipe 10e.
Further, since the centrifugal force f applied to the solid particles is proportional to the cube of the diameter d of the solid particles (d ³ ), the centrifugal force f increases remarkably as the diameter d of the solid particles increases.

  As a result, the solid particles contained in the sample water w receive a centrifugal force f due to the circular motion in the process of traveling (circular motion) as shown by the arrow α1 in FIG. Those having a relatively small mass m receive a force smaller than Equation (5), and therefore move toward the side closer to the rotation axis O (the side where the distance r from the rotation axis O is smaller), while those having a larger mass m Since the force larger than the formula (5) is received, the force moves to the side farther from the rotation axis O (the side where the distance r from the rotation axis O is larger) and is classified.

  In other words, since the solid particle having a larger particle diameter d has a larger mass m, it receives a centrifugal force f larger than that in the formula (5), and the outer side in the circular tube 10e with respect to the rotation axis O (distance from the rotation axis O). the side where r is large), that is, the side where centrifugal force is weakly applied. On the other hand, the smaller the particle diameter d, the smaller the mass m, so the smaller the mass m, the smaller the centrifugal force f than in the formula (5), the inner side in the circular tube 10e with reference to the rotational axis O (the distance r from the rotational axis O is It moves to the side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied.

The moving speed (w) of the solid particles in the direction in which the centrifugal force f is applied can be calculated by the following Stokes equation (7).
w = a · ((ρ _p −ρ _f ) / (18 · μ)) · d ² (7)
Here, a is the centrifugal acceleration, ρ _p is the density of solid particles (kg / m ³ ), ρ _f is the density of fluid (sample water w) (kg / m ³ ), and μ is the fluid (sample water w). The viscosity (Pa · s) and d is the particle size (m) of the solid particles.

  From equation (7), the smaller the diameter d of the solid particles, the smaller the moving speed w in the direction in which the centrifugal force f is applied, and the shorter the moving distance in the direction in which the centrifugal force f is applied. On the other hand, the larger the diameter d of the solid particles, the larger the moving speed w in the direction in which the centrifugal force f is applied, and the longer the moving distance in the direction in which the centrifugal force f is applied.

The particle size of solid particles to be classified is 15 μm, the density of fluid (sample water w) is 1000 kg / m ³ , the density of solid particles is 1600 kg / m ³ , and the viscosity of fluid (sample water w) is 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ Pa · s. Then, using equation (7), under the conditions of the first embodiment, the moving speed (w) of the solid particles in the direction to which the centrifugal force f is applied is 27.2 mm / min (min).

  If the residence time of the sample water w in the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is 1 min, the inner side of the circular tube 10e with respect to the rotation axis O, that is, the side on which centrifugal force is strongly applied (the side where the distance r from the rotation axis O is small). ) To 27.2 mm in the liquid mainly means that only solid particles having a particle diameter d of 15 μm or less are contained. This is because all solid particles contained in the sample water w are placed inside the circular tube 10e with respect to the rotational axis O at the start of the flow in the circular tube 10e, that is, on the side where centrifugal force is strongly applied (from the rotational axis O). In the case where the distance r is on the smaller side).

  Further, from equation (7), the moving speed w in the direction in which the centrifugal force of the solid particles contained in the sample water w is applied is proportional to the centrifugal acceleration a and the square of the particle diameter d of the solid particles. Therefore, the moving speed w in the direction in which the centrifugal force is applied is determined by the size of the particle diameter d and the flow velocity v that determines the centrifugal acceleration a from the equation (2). Then, the moving distance in the direction in which the centrifugal force f of the solid particles is applied is obtained by multiplying the moving speed w by the moving time.

From the equation (2), the centrifugal force f having a large centrifugal acceleration a is applied to the fluid (sample water w) having a smaller r inside the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10, while the outer side within the circular tube 10e is applied. A centrifugal force f having a small centrifugal acceleration a is applied to the fluid (sample water w) having a larger r.
Accordingly, since the solid particles having a large particle size d have a large moving distance, the solid particles having a small particle size d have a small moving distance, while the solid particles having a small particle size d have a small moving distance. The inner centrifugal force f in the tube 10e remains on the side to which a large amount is applied.

  From the above, after the outflow from the circular tube 10e corresponding to the position of the flow velocity v of the sample water w (see formula (2)) and the position inside and outside the circular tube 10e in which the solid particles move by receiving the centrifugal force f. By adjusting the position of water intake, it is possible to obtain water containing a large amount of solid particles having an arbitrary particle size or less.

  Thereby, the centrifugal force is applied to the outlet end of the linear outlet channel 10o provided at the outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied (corresponding to the side where the inner r in the circular tube 10e is small). The classification treated water outlet 11 and the high suspension outlet 12 are sequentially attached to the weakly added side (corresponding to the side where r on the outside in the circular pipe 10e is large).

  Since the inner diameter of the circular pipe 10e used in the first embodiment is 12 mm, at least the widths of the classified water outlet 11 and the high suspension outlet 12, that is, the classified water outlet 11 and the high suspension outlet. The dimensions s1 and s2 in the direction in which twelve centrifugal forces are applied must be within 12 mm in total.

  When the width dimension s1 of the classified water outlet 11 of the first embodiment is 3 mm, the residence time in the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 of the sample water w taken at the classified water outlet 11 is, as described above, the centrifugal force. Since it moves 27.2 mm in 1 minute in the applied direction, it may be at least 6.6 s (seconds). At this time, since the flow velocity v of the fluid is 2.2 m / s, the required length of the circular pipe 10e becomes 14.6 m by multiplying the flow velocity v of 2.2 m / s by 6.6 s.

By using the solid particle classifier S having the above configuration, the object of the present invention, that is, water (liquid) containing a large amount of solid particles having an arbitrary particle size or less can be collected (collected).
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the performance of the underwater solid particle classifier according to the first embodiment.

When compared with the jar test, the acceleration applied to the solid particles in the jar test using the gravitational acceleration g and the solid particle classifier S using the centrifugal acceleration a is centrifugal with respect to 9.8 m / s ² of the gravitational acceleration g. The acceleration a is about 6 times (60.5 / 9.8) at 60.5 m / s ² , which is greatly different.

Therefore, in the solid particle classification device S of the first embodiment, it is possible to classify six times faster from the difference in acceleration to be applied as compared with the jar test of the method of collecting the supernatant liquid by the action of the gravitational acceleration g.
Accordingly, it is possible to continuously classify the fine floc that affects the turbidity at the sedimentation tank outlet in a shorter time than the cycle of the flocculant injection control. Thereby, the flocculant injection control method using the fine flocs after the flocculant injection as an index can be realized.

<< Embodiment 2 >>
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an underwater solid particle classifier that can be centrifuged in the same flow path a plurality of times in Embodiment 2 as viewed from above.
The underwater solid particle classifying device 2S of the second embodiment is the same flow path a plurality of times, for example, when it is not easy to classify with the 14.6 m circular tube 10e of the first embodiment, that is, when it is desired to take a distance used for classification. Centrifugation is performed in the (pipe).

  The underwater solid particle classifier 2S according to the second embodiment performs centrifugal separation from the side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied to the inlet of the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the equation (2), that is, from the side where the distance r from the rotation axis O is short. The sample water inlet 13, the intermediate liquid inlet 14, and the high suspension inlet 15 are attached to the side where the distance r on the side where the force is weakly applied is long.

At the outlet of the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10, the classified treatment water outlet 11, the intermediate liquid outlet 16, and the high side from the side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied, that is, the side where the distance r from the rotation axis O is short is long. A suspension outlet 12 is attached.
The pump 20 feeds the sample water w classified by the underwater solid particle classifier 2S from the sample water inlet 13 to the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10.

  The pump 30 feeds part of the sample water w containing the classified solid particles having the shortest particle size flowing out from the classified water outlet 11 again from the intermediate liquid inlet 14 to the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10. To do. The sample water w containing other solid particles having the shortest particle size flowing out from the classified water outlet 11 is collected from the sampling port 17.

The pump 40 feeds the sample water w containing the classified solid particles having an intermediate length flowing out from the intermediate liquid outlet 16 toward the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the intermediate liquid inlet 14 again. To do.
The pump 50 removes a part of the sample water w containing the longest classified solid particles flowing out from the high suspension outlet 12 from the high suspension inlet 15 again to the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10. Water. The sample water w containing other solid particles having the longest particle size flowing out from the high suspension outlet 12 is drained from the drain port 18.

Next, the classification process by the underwater solid particle classifier 2S will be described as time elapses.
The sample water w containing the solid particles classified by the underwater solid particle classifier 2 </ b> S is introduced from the sample water inlet 13 into the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 by the pump 20.
The sample water w that flows in flows circularly in the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 as indicated by an arrow α1 in FIG. 3, and the solid particles contained in the sample water w are directed outward about the rotation axis O. Centrifugal force f due to circular motion is applied.

  As described above, the solid particles contained in the sample water w receive the centrifugal force f due to the circular motion in the process of traveling through the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 as indicated by the arrow α1 in FIG. Since those having a small mass are subjected to a force smaller than the equation (5), they remain relatively closer to the rotational axis O, while those having a large mass m are subjected to a force greater than the equation (5), so Then, it moves to the side farther from the rotation axis O and is classified.

The classified solids from the classified water outlet 11, intermediate liquid outlet 16, and high suspension outlet 12 respectively attached to the distance r from the rotating shaft O from the shortest to the longest. Sample water w containing particles flows out.
Since the classified water outlet 11 corresponds to the innermost position (position where r is small near the rotation axis O) of the cross section of the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10, the mass is calculated from the equations (5) and (6). Water containing a large amount of solid particles having an arbitrary particle size smaller than m passes (outflows).

  At this time, a part of the water containing a large amount of solid particles having an arbitrary particle diameter or less flowing out from the classified treated water outlet 11 is collected from the sampling port 17 for water quality measurement. Then, the water flowing out from the remaining classified water outlet 11 flows again into the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the intermediate liquid inlet 14 by the pump 30.

Since the particle size d of the solid particles affects the volume V of the solid particles, that is, the mass m to the third power according to the equation (4), the solid particles having a relatively large particle size d have a large mass m. In the circular tube 10, the solid particles are centrifuged due to the difference in mass m by the circular motion of the sample water w containing the solid particles.
Therefore, the high suspension outlet 12 corresponds to the outermost position (position where r far from the rotation axis O is large) in the cross section of the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10, and therefore, the equations (5), (6 ), The water containing a large amount of solid particles having a relatively large particle diameter d with a large mass m passes (outflows).

  A part of the water containing a large amount of solid particles having a relatively large particle diameter d (large mass m) flowing out from the high suspension outlet 12 is drained from the drain port 18 for drainage. The sample water w flowing out from the remaining high suspension outlet 12 flows again into the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the high suspension inlet 15 by the pump 50.

  The intermediate liquid outlet 16 corresponds to an intermediate position between the outer side and the inner side of the cross section of the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10, and therefore, other than the sample water w containing many solid particles having an arbitrary particle size or less, and Sample water w other than sample water w containing a large amount of solid particles having a relatively large particle diameter d (large mass m) that has been centrifuged, that is, an intermediate liquid passes (outflows). At this time, the intermediate liquid again flows into the circular tube 10 e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the intermediate liquid inlet 14 by the pump 40.

  As described above, in the underwater solid particle classifier 2S, the sample water w (liquid) can be centrifuged in the same flow path a plurality of times by circulating in the circular tube 10e. Therefore, water containing a large amount of solid particles having an arbitrary particle size or less, which is an object of the present invention, can be collected with an increased classification accuracy.

In addition, water containing a large amount of solid particles having a shorter particle diameter is collected from the classification process water outlet 11 by flowing into the circular pipe 10e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 from the flow path outside the flow path after classification during circulation. It is possible to collect water from the water port 17.
If the principle is the same, the method of performing centrifugation in the same flow path a plurality of times is not limited to the method exemplified in the second embodiment.

<< Embodiment 3 >>
In the centrifuge mechanism 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the sample water w classified by the circular tube 10e of the centrifuge mechanism 10 flows out to the linear outlet channel 10o. In the straight outlet channel 10o, the sample classified by the circular tube 10e moves linearly, and therefore, pressure in the traveling direction and downward gravity are mainly applied without receiving centrifugal force. Therefore, there is a possibility that the sample water w on the side where the classified centrifugal force is strongly applied and the sample water w on the side where the centrifugal force is weakly mixed are mixed in the outlet channel 10o.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the underwater solid particle classifying device in which a flow dividing plate is installed in the outlet channel of the circular pipe of the third embodiment when viewed from above.
Therefore, the underwater solid particle classifier 3S according to the third embodiment has the sample water w on the side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied and the sample water w on the side where the centrifugal force is weakly applied in the outlet channel 10o of the circular tube 10e of the centrifugal mechanism 10 in the first embodiment. In order to divert the sample water w so as not to be mixed, a flow dividing plate 19 is provided.

  In the underwater solid particle classifier 3S, the classified water outlet 11 corresponding to the inside of the circular pipe 10e joined to the outlet flow path 10o of the circular pipe 10e and the high suspension outlet 12 corresponding to the outside of the circular pipe 10e. A flow dividing plate 19 is installed on the front side (upstream side).

  Thereby, near the outlet of the outlet channel 10o, the sample water w containing a large amount of solid particles having a relatively small particle size flowing inside the circular tube 10e, and the relatively large particles separated by centrifugation flowing outside the circular tube 10e. The sample water w containing a large amount of solid particles having a diameter is separated by the flow dividing plate 19, and the two are not mixed.

  Since the thickness of the flow dividing plate 19 is provided in the flow path of the classified sample water w (exit flow path 10o), it is desirable that the thickness is as thin as possible so as not to disturb the flow path. Further, the tip of the flow dividing plate 19 disposed closer to the circular tube 10e has a sample water w containing a large amount of solid particles having a relatively small particle size below an arbitrary particle size and a solid having a relatively large particle size. In order to perform separation from the sample water w containing a large amount of particles, it is desirable to have a sharp end so as not to cause resistance.

  In FIG. 4, the case where the flow dividing plate 19 is arranged on the downstream side of the straight outlet channel 10 o connected to the outlet of the circular pipe 10 e of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is illustrated, but the flow dividing plate 19 is subjected to centrifugal separation. It may be extended (extended) to the circular tube 10e or its vicinity.

  By extending (extending) the flow dividing plate 19 to a portion where the centrifugal separation is acting or to the vicinity thereof, the circular tube 10e can be formed more than the case where the flow dividing plate 19 is arranged downstream in the straight outlet channel 10o. Sample water w containing a large amount of solid particles having a relatively small particle size which is equal to or smaller than an arbitrary particle size flowing inside, and a large amount of centrifuged solid particles having a relatively large particle size which flowed outside the circular tube 10e. It is possible to further suppress mixing of the sample water w.

Therefore, in the third embodiment, the classification performance of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is improved by providing the flow dividing plate 19 as compared with the first embodiment.
In addition, although the case where the flow dividing plate 19 demonstrated in Embodiment 3 was applied to the structure of Embodiment 1 was illustrated, it may be applied to the structure of Embodiment 2, or can be applied to other structures. .

<< Embodiment 4 >>
FIG. 5A is a configuration diagram (top view) of the U-shaped centrifugal separation mechanism as viewed from above in the front view of the underwater solid particle classifier of Embodiment 4, and FIG. It is an A direction arrow directional view (front view) of (a).
In the underwater solid particle classifying device 4S of the fourth embodiment, the shape of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is shown in FIG. 5B in a front view, and the first circular pipe 10e1 and the second circular pipe 10e2 are juxtaposed (in parallel). It is U-shaped.

The sample water w delivered from the pump 20 flows circularly in the first circular pipe 10e1 as indicated by the arrow α41 in FIG. 5, and then from the first circular pipe 10e1 to the second circle as indicated by the arrow α42 in FIG. It flows toward the pipe 10e2 and flows into the second circular pipe 10e2. Then, it flows circularly in the second circular pipe 10e2 as indicated by an arrow α43 in FIG. 5 and flows out from the classified water outlet 11 and the high suspension outlet 12.
The sample water w containing solid particles is classified by receiving centrifugal force as described above by flowing circularly in the first circular tube 10e1 and the second circular tube 10e2.

  Then, sample water w containing solid particles having a short particle diameter flows out from the classified water outlet 11 corresponding to the inside of each cross section of the first and second circular pipes 10e1 and 10e2 and collected. Further, the sample water w containing solid particles having a long particle diameter flows out from the high suspension outlet 12 corresponding to the outer side of each cross section of the first and second circular pipes 10e1, 10e2, and is drained.

By making the shape of the centrifuge mechanism 10 U-shaped in front view (see FIG. 5B), the aspect ratio (aspect ratio) of the centrifuge mechanism 10 can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment. It becomes possible and can be made compact.
5 illustrates the case where two centrifuge mechanisms 10 are arranged (arranged) side by side and are U-shaped in front view, but a configuration in which three or more centrifuge mechanisms 10 are arranged side by side is also possible.

<< Embodiment 5 >>
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a double helix type centrifugal separation mechanism of the underwater solid particle classifier of Embodiment 5 as viewed from above.
The underwater solid particle classifier 5S of Embodiment 5 is a case where the shape of the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is a double spiral type (spiral type).

In the underwater solid particle classifier 5S, the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is a double spiral (spiral) inner first circular tube 10U1 and an outer second circular tube 10U2.
In the underwater solid particle classifier S, the sample water w is supplied to the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 by the pump 20 and flows through the first circular tube 10U1 circularly as indicated by the arrow α51 in FIG. 6, and then the second circular tube 10U2. And flows out from the classified treatment water outlet 11 and the high suspension outlet 12.

The sample water w containing solid particles flows in the first circular tube 10U1 and the second circular tube 10U2 in a circular shape, and is classified by receiving centrifugal force as described above.
Then, the sample water w containing solid particles having a relatively short particle size flows out from the classified water outlet 11 corresponding to the inner side of the first and second circular pipes 10U1 and 10U2 and is collected. In addition, the sample water w containing solid particles having a relatively long particle size flows out from the high suspension outlet 12 corresponding to the outer side of the cross section of the first and second circular pipes 10U1 and 10U2 and is drained.

According to the fifth embodiment, the centrifuge mechanism 10 can be made more compact than the first to third embodiments by making the centrifuge mechanism 10 a double spiral type (spiral type).
In FIG. 6, the case where the centrifugal separation mechanism 10 is a double spiral type (vortex type) is illustrated, but a configuration of three or more multiple spiral types (multiple spiral type) is also possible.

In the first to fifth embodiments, the sample water w containing solid particles (floc) has been described as an example, but any liquid containing solid particles may be used, and the liquid to which the present invention is applied is not particularly limited.
Moreover, although each structure was demonstrated separately in the said Embodiments 1-5, you may comprise combining the structure of Embodiments 1-5 arbitrarily arbitrarily. Thereby, the combined effect is produced.

  Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the description is intended to be exemplary rather than limiting. And of course, many forms and implementation are possible within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention includes various modifications and changes within the scope of the appended claims.

10 Centrifugal separation mechanism 10e Circular tube (circular tube)
10e1 1st pipe (circular pipes arranged side by side)
10e2 Second circular tube (circular tubes arranged side by side)
10U1 1st circular tube (spiral circular tube)
10U2 second circular tube (spiral circular tube)
11 Classification treated water outlet (water intake, flow path after classification)
12 High suspension outlet (water intake)
13 Sample water inlet (Inlet on the side where centrifugal force is strongly applied)
14 Intermediate liquid inlet (channel outside the channel after classification)
15 High suspension inlet (Inlet on the side where centrifugal force is weakly applied)
16 Intermediate liquid outlet (water intake)
17 Water sampling port (collection means)
18 Drainage port (Discharge means)
19 Dividing plate (dividing member)
20 pump 30 pump (circulation means)
40 Pump (circulation means)
50 Pump (circulation means)
a Centrifugal acceleration g Gravitational acceleration O Rotation axis (central axis) of circular tube
r Distance from rotating shaft S Underwater solid particle classifier (liquid solid particle classifier)
v Flow velocity of liquid in tangential direction of circular flow in circular tube w Sample water (liquid)

Claims (8)

A solid particle classification device in liquid for classifying the solid particles from a liquid containing solid particles,
A pump for supplying a liquid containing the solid particles;
A centrifuge mechanism having a serpentine or spiral circular tube into which the liquid flows; and
In the circular tube, the liquid on the side where the centrifugal force near the central axis is strongly applied, the liquid on the side where the centrifugal force far from the central axis is weakly applied, and the liquid between the two sides are downstream of the centrifugal separation mechanism. In response to the strength of the centrifugal force, and taking out a plurality of intakes,
A solid particle classification device in liquid, comprising: In the liquid solid particle classifier according to claim 1,
A collecting means for collecting a part of the liquid obtained by centrifugation by the centrifugal separation mechanism;
Discharging means for discharging a part of the liquid obtained by centrifugation by the centrifugal separation mechanism;
In order to centrifuge the remaining liquid of the liquid in the centrifugal separation mechanism a plurality of times in the same flow path, a circulating means for flowing again into the centrifugal separation mechanism is provided. . In the solid particle classification device according to claim 2,
When the liquid on the side where the centrifugal force is strongly applied in the centrifugal separation mechanism, the liquid on the side where the centrifugal force is weakly applied, and the liquid between both sides flow into the centrifugal mechanism again,
The liquid on which the centrifugal force is strongly applied by the passage through the centrifugal separation mechanism is caused to flow into the centrifugal separation mechanism from the inlet toward the side on which the centrifugal force is strongly applied in the centrifugal separation mechanism,
The liquid on the side to which the centrifugal force is weakly applied by the passage of the centrifugal separation mechanism is caused to flow into the centrifugal separation mechanism from the inlet toward the side on which the centrifugal force is weakly applied by the centrifugal separation mechanism. Particle classifier. In the solid particle classification device according to claim 2,
An in-liquid solid particle classifying device, wherein the classified liquid that is allowed to flow again into the centrifugal separation mechanism is caused to flow into the centrifugal separation mechanism so as to go to a flow path outside the flow path after the classification. In the in-liquid solid particle classification device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The relationship of v ² / r> g is satisfied for the flow velocity v of the liquid in the tangential direction of the circular flow in the circular tube, the distance r from the central axis of the circular tube to the liquid, and the gravitational acceleration g. ,
A device for classifying solid particles in liquid, wherein centrifugal acceleration equal to or greater than gravitational acceleration is applied to the liquid in the circular tube. In the liquid solid particle classifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The liquid on the side to which the centrifugal force close to the central axis is strongly applied by the centrifugal mechanism and the centrifugal force far from the central axis are upstream of the liquid outlet obtained by the centrifugal separation in the centrifugal mechanism. A solid particle classification apparatus in liquid, comprising a flow dividing member for dividing the liquid so that the two liquids are not mixed with each other. In the solid particle classification device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
An apparatus for classifying solid particles in liquid, wherein the circular tubes of the centrifugal separation mechanism are arranged side by side. In the solid particle classification device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
An apparatus for classifying solid particles in liquid, wherein the circular tube of the centrifugal separation mechanism is spiral.

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