JP2012247178A - Cannonball having device for holding charge of cannonball - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cannonball having a device for holding a charge of the cannonball.SOLUTION: A cannonball includes a cusp fuse (20), a cylindrical shell (10), and a skirt (24) arranged along a major axis XX'. The cylindrical shell (10) having a rotating shaft AA' coaxial with the major axis XX' has a cylindrical wall between the front end and the rear end of the cylindrical shell (10), the cylindrical wall demarcating a charge section in which a charge is stored. The front end of the cylindrical shell (10) is sealed with the cusp fuse (20) and the rear end of the same is sealed with the skirt (24) attached to the cylindrical shell (10). The cylindrical shell (10) includes a core unit (38) in the charge section, the core unit (38) with n fins E1, E2, ..., Ei, ..., En each containing at least one end (b1) attached to the skirt (24) in the direction of the rotating shaft AA' between both front and rear ends to divide the charge into at least two portions on both sides of the fin Ei. In n fins E1, E2, ..., Ei, ..., En, i denotes the rank of a fin and n denotes a natural number of 1 or larger. The cannonball is used as a cannon shell or mortar shell.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shell that is subject to strong axial and roll acceleration upon launch.

  Many artillery systems, such as cannons and mortars, use shells including belts. The cannon is provided with internal swirl marks with the intention of transmitting rotational motion to the shell and thereby improving stability in the trajectory.

  A swiveled shell is not only subjected to axial thrust like a smooth shell when propellant is ignited, but also a barrel of a cannon that drives a shell through a belt according to a predetermined twist angle. Rotating motion is also performed by spiral ridges on the inner wall. These belts are generally either “turned” for mortar shells or “forced” types for cannonballs.

  Such shells are dimensioned to withstand the loads resulting from the firing environment created by the propellant. Depending on the shell, this propellant is charged in the cartridge case or placed in the tail groove for holding the glaze.

  A cannonball usually contains a charge held on the bullet by the inner wall of the cannonball, such as a glaze (fumigant, explosive, lighting bullet, etc.). This charge is a non-solid type, whether pasty, liquid, or viscous, depending on its chemical composition and ambient temperature.

  Upon firing, in the so-called “cannon firing” phase, the shells are simultaneously subjected to axial thrust by propellant and rotation by cannon turning marks, and such bullets undergo significant axial and roll acceleration. The glaze inside the shell generally begins to rotate during the firing phase due to the adhesive force generated at the “charge / ammunition” interface.

  The internal charge is inherently not robust enough to withstand deformation during launch and is pressed against the rear edge of the container (bullet) under the influence of longitudinal acceleration and twisted under the influence of angular acceleration There is a tendency to torsion.

  These deformations increase or decrease depending on the viscosity or hardness of the charge, but deteriorate the adhesion between the container and the charge, resulting in a load greater than the strength of the charge material, Thus, the material is cracked, reducing the desired end effect and creating a potential safety issue between the “cannon launch stage” and the end of the fire safety distance.

  In the case of a liquid charge, the problem is different in that it is not combined with a container (bullet) due to its state. In this state and depending on the viscosity, this type of charge is subject to faster or slower rotational movement, resulting in some angular velocity difference between the charge and the container (bullet).

  Following the firing phase is the so-called “ballistic flight phase” of the shell, and the paste-like charge, which is not affected by angular and axial accelerations, is released by releasing the stored potential energy while being pressed and twisted. There is a tendency to return to the shape. Such internal movement of the charge is inconsistent with the dynamics of all other elements of the cannonball and as a result tends to hinder the ballistic flight stability of the cannonball.

  These defects are more serious in liquid charge. Liquid charge does not adhere to the container, ie, the bullet, and there is a difference in angular velocity relative to the container and tends to harmonize with the container during the “flight stage”, so the charge rotation speed is In addition, the rotational speed of the cannonball, which decreases according to the mounting mass, the coefficient of friction between the charge and the bullet (adhesive force), and the shape of the container, is reduced.

  Due to internal movement due to charge deformation and reduced gyroscope effect due to lower angular velocity of the shell, the shell becomes unstable during the “flight phase” and is more susceptible to disturbances encountered in orbit There is a risk of eventually losing the target.

  In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art shells, the present invention proposes a shell including a pointed fuze, bullet, and skirt along the long axis XX ′. A cylindrical bullet having a coaxial axis of rotation AA ′ has a cylindrical wall between the front end and the rear end that divides a loading compartment for storing the glaze. The rear end is sealed by an attached skirt portion, and the bullet includes at least one edge in the direction of the rotation axis AA ′, each attached to the skirt portion, in a loading section between both ends. Fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . . It includes a core having En (i is the rank of the fin, n is 1 or more), and is characterized in that the glaze is separated into at least two parts on both sides of the fin Ei.

  In one embodiment, the shell includes a booster for ignition of the glaze between the fuze and the bullet, the cylindrical booster connecting the bullet and the fuse and the booster body in the bullet. Has a part.

  In another embodiment, the cylindrical wall of the bullet includes an outer surface with an outer diameter Dpe and an inner surface with an inner diameter Dpi that form a loading section that houses the core and the glaze.

  In another embodiment, a cylindrical skirt having a rotation axis CC ′ terminates on the side of the bullet with a circular skirt wall in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the skirt, the skirt having a core The same number of grooves R1, R2,. . , Ri,. . Rn, the groove is open towards the skirt wall, terminates in the skirt with a bottom in a plane P3 perpendicular to the long axis XX 'of the shell, and n core fins E1 , E2,. . Ei,. . . En has a rear fin end on the rear end side of the projectile that terminates in a plane P6 perpendicular to the axis AA 'of the core with fin edges, and the rear fin end of the fin Ei of rank i Inserted into each groove Ri of the same rank i of the skirt, the edge of the fin being in contact with the bottom of the groove so as to attach the core to the skirt and thus to the bullet so as to be able to rotate and translate, The coupling with the skirt portion of the fin is a tenon / mortise type, the tenon is the rear portion of the fin, and the tenon is a groove R1, R2,. . Ri, Rn.

  In another embodiment, in the case of a “mortise / mortise” type connection, the rear fin ends are connected to n grooves R1R, 2,. . Ri,. . Bonding to Rn or screwing or welding to the edge of the fin results in a robust bond between the fin and skirt, and the latter solution can be excluded from the mortise / mortise connection.

  In another embodiment, the n fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . . , En is a front fin portion that is inscribed in a cylindrical surface having a diameter equal to the diameter D1 of the cylindrical surface portion of the inner surface of the front end of the projectile body on the front end side of the projectile body so that the core is coupled to the projectile body in a centering manner. Is included.

  In another embodiment, the skirt-core assembly is manufactured in one piece, and the skirt having the rotation axis CC ′ is skirted by at least its own edge in the direction of the rotation axis CC ′ on the side of the bullet. N fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . Including a core portion having En, the skirt portion being screwed together with the core portion to the rear end of the bullet to seal the bullet, and the core of the bullet is mounted in an “overhang” manner Therefore, the front part of the fin is not in contact with the wall of the projectile.

  In another embodiment, a bullet-skirt-core assembly is integrally manufactured, and the bullet has a rotation axis AA ′ coaxial with the long axis XX ′ of the shell at the front end side of the bullet. A cylindrical wall having a booster circular opening and a rear body portion forming a skirt portion on the rear end side of the bullet, the bullet being in the direction of the axis AA ′, while the rotation axis AA of the bullet N fins E1, E2,... Attached to one another by their edges in the 'direction and on the other hand by other edges of the fins of the bullet and skirt wall. . Ei,. . Including En, the fins together with the skirt and the circular wall form a glaze cell.

  In another embodiment, the projectile-core assembly is manufactured in one piece, the projectile being attached to a cylindrical wall having a rotational axis AA ′ coaxial with the cannonball axis XX ′ and the cylindrical wall The cylindrical wall includes a circular opening for a booster on the front end side of the projectile, and a rear opening sealed by a skirt on the rear end side of the projectile. E1, E2,. . Ei,. . En, on the other hand, is attached to the cylindrical wall of the bullet by its own edge in the direction of the bullet axis AA ′ and by another edge parallel to the bullet axis AA ′. Together with the cylindrical wall, a glaze cell is formed.

  In another embodiment, the loading compartment includes a common loading region followed by a compartmentalized region, and the common loading region is partitioned by a plane formed by a booster, a bullet wall, and the front end of the core fin. And the partitioning region is partitioned by the bullet wall and the skirt, and the fins E1, E2,. . . Ei and En form a shell glaze cell together with the bullet wall.

  In another embodiment, the n fins forming the core are preferably preferentially around the axis of rotation AA ′ of the projectile to form an isomorphous group of cells intended to contain the glaze. Are arranged at regular intervals.

  In another embodiment, the core includes a conduit over at least a portion of the length of the core to introduce a glaze igniter in the direction of the bond axis of the fin edge.

  In another embodiment, the n fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . The wall of the duct formed by the edge of En contains apertures perpendicular to the axis of the duct, and by means of a glaze igniter, through these apertures along the axis CC ' The glaze can be ignited laterally.

  The main purpose of the cannonball according to the present invention is to maintain intimate contact between the shell detonator and the glaze through the “cannon launch phase” and to rotate the whole glaze through the core fins, Accelerate at the same rotational acceleration as the body.

  Another objective is to improve shell stability through the “flight stage” by avoiding internal movement or deformation of the glaze.

  Another objective is to make the shells less susceptible to external loads that are experienced in the trajectory to reach the target.

  The invention will be better understood from the description of an embodiment of a cannonball according to the invention in conjunction with the indexed drawings.

The side view of the axial direction of the shell of the present invention is shown. FIG. 2 shows an axial cross-sectional view of the cannonball of FIG. Details of the front end of the cannonball of FIG. Details of the rear end of the cannonball of FIG. 1B shows the core of the cannonball of FIG. 1c shows a cross-sectional view of the shell of FIG. 1a in a plane perpendicular to the shell. FIG. 2 shows a perspective exploded view of the cannonball of FIG. FIG. 2 shows an axial cross section of a first variant of the cannonball of FIG. FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a first variant of the cannonball of FIG. The details of the front of the cannonball of FIG. An axial direction sectional view of the 2nd modification of a shell of the present invention is shown. Figure 6b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the shell axis of Figure 6a. An axial direction sectional view of the 3rd modification of a shell of the present invention is shown. 7b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shell of FIG. 7a. An axial direction sectional view of the 4th modification of a shell of the present invention is shown. Fig. 8b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the shell axis of Fig. 8a. FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a variation of the core part of the shell according to the invention. 9a shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the core of FIG. 9a.

  FIG. 1a shows an axial side view of the cannonball of the present invention. FIG. 1b shows an axial sectional view of the shell of FIG. 1a.

  Cylindrical view of the axis of rotation XX '1a and 1b basically comprises a cylindrical bullet 10 having an axis of rotation AA' and has two ends, a front end and a rear end, on the front end side. A fuse 20 and a booster 22 coupled to the bullet 10 have a skirt portion 24 on the rear end side.

  The pointed fuze 20 is directed to a target (not shown) and is coupled to the booster 22 via a tapered adjustment ring 26 as required. The cylindrical booster 22 includes an outer booster portion 28 and a booster body 30 in a bullet body. The outer booster portion is also tapered and continuously connects the bullet 10 to the fusible tube 20 or the adjustment ring 26.

  The skirt portion 24 is also tapered in accordance with the shallow inclination of the axis AA ', and its minimum diameter forms the rear end of the shell.

  The bullet 10 is a circular cylindrical bullet having an outer surface 32 with an outer diameter Dpe and an inner surface 33 with an inner diameter Dpi that forms a loading section 36 that houses a shaped core 38 and glaze 39 in accordance with the main features of the present invention. A wall 31 is included.

  The diameter Dpi of the inner surface 33 of the bullet wall 31 gradually decreases toward the front end of the bullet, forming a circular opening 40 for allowing the booster body 30 to pass through the bullet 10. Using the opening 40, the shell is loaded with a liquid or paste-like glaze.

  FIG. 1c shows a detailed cross-sectional view of the front end of the bullet of FIG. 1b. FIG. 1d shows a detailed cross-sectional view of the rear end of the bullet of FIG. 1b.

  The inner surface 33 of the wall 31 of the bullet 10 forms, on the booster 22 side, a cylindrical surface portion 46 having a diameter D1 and a body shoulder 50 in a plane P1 perpendicular to the axis AA ′ so as to shield the core 38 of the bullet. On the discontinuous portion (see FIG. 1c) and the skirt portion 24 (see FIG. 1d) side, a wall threaded portion 54 having a diameter Dpa for screwing the skirt portion 24 to the bullet 10 is included.

  The skirt portion 24 that seals the rear end of the bullet body 10 has a skirt portion threaded portion 60 on the side surface of the bullet body with the intention of screwing to the wall threaded portion 54 in order to securely attach the skirt portion 24 to the bullet body 10. And a circular outer surface 58 having a diameter Dpa. The outer surface 58 of the skirt 24 is extended by another outer surface 62 aligned with the outer surface 32 of the bullet, forming another skirt shoulder 64 to prevent the skirt itself on the bullet from being screwed. ing.

  The skirt portion 24 terminates on the side surface of the bullet 10 at a circular skirt wall 68 in a plane P2 perpendicular to the axis of the skirt portion. The skirt portion 24 includes four grooves R1, R2, R3, R4 that are open on the side of the skirt wall 68, each groove being at the bottom 70 of the plane P3 perpendicular to the axis AA ′ of the skirt portion at the skirt portion. It is terminated. The four grooves are arranged at regular intervals around the axis of the skirt portion coaxial with the cannonball axis XX ', and are intended to prevent the shaping core portion 38 of the bullet 10 from rotating and translating.

  FIG. 2 shows the core of the cannonball of FIG.

  The shaping core 38 includes four fins E1, E2, E3, E4 attached to each other at one of the edges b1 on a rotation axis AA 'coaxial with the long axis XX' of the shell. These fins are in planes P4 and P5 perpendicular to each other passing through the rotation axis AA ', and are inscribed in a cylindrical surface having a diameter D2 over most of the rear side surface of the shell.

  The fins E1, E2, E3, and E4 include a front fin portion 84 inscribed in a cylindrical surface having a diameter equal to the diameter D1 that gradually joins the diameter D2 of the fin on the front side surface of the cannonball. The diameter D1 of the front fin portion 84 is the diameter of the cylindrical surface portion 46 of the inner surface 33 of the bullet 10, and performs a centering type connection with the bullet. In the present embodiment, the diameter D1 of the bullet body 10 corresponds to a complete cylindrical surface, whereas the diameter D1 of the shaping core portion 38 corresponds to the four fin edges inscribed in the diameter D1. Defined by the line.

  The front fin portion 84 is a front fin end inscribed in a cylindrical surface having a diameter D3 smaller than the diameter D1 of the front fin portion 80 so as to form a front fin shoulder 88 intended to contact the main body shoulder 50 of the shell wall 30. 86.

  The fins E1, E2, E3, and E4 have rear fin end ends 100 that are inscribed in a cylindrical surface having a diameter D4 smaller than the diameter D2 of the fin end in a plane P6 perpendicular to the axis AA ′ of the core 38 on the rear side surface of the shell. Together with the fin edge 102. The rear fin end 100 is intended to be inserted into each groove R1, R2, R3, R4 of the shell skirt 24, and the fin edge 102 causes the shaped core 38 to follow the skirt and thus. It is in contact with the bottom 70 of the groove so as to be securely attached to the bullet 10 so that it can rotate and translate.

  The connection between the fin and the skirt portion 24 is a mortise / mortise type, with the handle represented by the fins 100 and the rear portion of the mortise by grooves R1, R2, R3, R4 in the skirt portion 24.

  FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the cannonball of FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows a perspective exploded view of the shell of FIG. 1a.

  The shaping core portion 38 is inserted into the bullet body 10 by its rear end, and the skirt portion 24 is screwed to the bullet wall 31.

  The shaping core 38 is therefore held radially in center on the shell axis XX ′ by its two ends, and the skirt 24 is fixed to the bullet 10 by the skirt and wall threading 60,54. .

  In the shape of the assembly, the length L2 defined by the distance between the four front fin shoulders 88 of the shaping core 38 and the fin edge 102 is 4 for the shoulder 50 of the bullet 10 and the skirt 4. It is matched to a length L1 defined by the distance between the bottoms 70 of the individual grooves R1, R2, R3, R4.

  The shaping core 38 is thus held axially and radially in the shell so that the assembly of the bullet 10 and the skirt 24 can be firmly partitioned during assembly.

  In the assembled state of the shell including the shaped core 38, which is sealed in the bullet 10 by the skirt portion 24 screwed to the bullet wall, the volume of the bullet is uncomparted on the front end side of the bullet. The common loading region 120 that forms the forming volume and the fins E1, E2, and E3 of the shaping core 38 include the region 124 side partitioned by E4 in the bullet body.

  The common loading area 120 is partitioned by a plane formed by the booster 22, the bullet wall 31 and the front fin end portion 86.

  The compartmentalized area is surrounded by the bullet wall 31 and the skirt wall 68, and the fins E1, E2, E3, E4 together with the bullet wall 31 form four cells 106 for the cannonball glaze 39.

  The majority of the glaze is therefore housed in the four compartmented lobes 108 in the four cells 106, and if the glaze is explosive, the glaze 39 in the four compartmented lobes 108. Only the common loading area 120 is a single part so as to ensure an optimal ignition interface with the booster 22 so that is uniformly ignited.

  If the glaze 39 is liquid or glue-like and the skirt 22 is screwed to the bullet, the glaze will have a circular shape at the front of the bullet 10 before mounting the fuse, adjustment ring 26 and booster 22. It is introduced into the space reserved for charging through the opening 40.

  If the glaze is rigid, it will be placed in the shaping core 38 and then the core will pass through the rear end of the bullet with its own rigid glaze before screwing the skirt 22 to the bullet 10 To be introduced.

  When a cannonball is used during the “cannon firing phase”, the skirt portion 24 drives the shaped core portion 38, which is sized to withstand the angular acceleration of the cannonball, by a “tenon / mortise” coupling. The core 38 then rotates the four glaze lobes 108 through the four cells 106 in harmony with the entire shell, so that the effect of twist on the glaze or the angular velocity between the glaze and the bullet 10 is controlled. Prevent the effects of differences from occurring.

  By using the shaped core 38 in the bullet 10, its fins provide a mechanical structure for the shell of the glaze, that is, the mounting (or adhesive) surface area to the bullet 10 having the shaped core 38 attached to the bullet. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the adhesion between the glaze and the container made of the bullet body 10 provided with the shaping core 38. This shaped core structure can also prevent the glaze from being pressed against the rear of the container and prevent the material forming the glaze from cracking.

  The shaping core 38 is also always difficult to implement and eliminates the bond between the glaze and the bullet 10 where generally rigid or rubbery (non-liquid) explosive charges are used.

  FIG. 5a shows an axial sectional view of a first variant of the cannonball of FIG. 1a.

  FIG. 5b shows a perspective view of a first variant of the shell of FIG. 1a.

  In the first modified example, only the rear end of the shaping core portion 150 in the bullet 10 is coupled to the skirt portion 24. As in the embodiment shown in detail in FIG. 1d, the rear fin end 100 is intended to be inserted into each groove R1, R2, R3, R4 of the shell skirt 24, and the fin edge 102 is applied. The shape core 150 is in contact with the bottom 70 of the groove to securely attach the core 150 to the bullet 10 for rotation and translation. The coupling of the fins E1, E2, E3, E4 and the skirt portion 24 is a mortise / mortise type, and the tenon is represented by the rear end of the fin 100, and the mortises are grooves R1, R2, R3, Represented by R4.

  The fin skirt portion 24 is bonded to the ridge portion 100 by bonding the rear fin end 100 to the grooves R1, R2, R3, R4 or screwing to the fin edge (not shown). Solution), or realized by welding, the latter solution does not require a mortise / mortise connection solution.

  FIG. 5c shows a detail of the front of the cannonball of FIG.

  FIG. 5 c specifically shows details of the front fin end 154 that does not contact the bullet wall 31. In the first modification, the front fin end 154 of the shaping core 150 is not mechanically coupled to the bullet 10, so that the outer surface of the shaping core 150 and the bullet are particularly produced during the manufacture of the shell. The inner surface of 10 can be kept rough or in a pre-formed state.

  In the first variant, the mounting of the shaping core 150 of the bullet 10 is said to be an “overhang” type.

  FIG. 6a shows an axial sectional view of a second variant of the cannonball of the present invention.

  FIG. 6b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shell of FIG. 6a.

  In a second variation, the shell includes a skirt 160-core 164 assembly that is integrally manufactured, for example, by a “factory” manufacturing method.

  The skirt portion 160 having the rotation axis CC ′ has a core portion 164 having fins E1, E2, E3, E4 attached to the skirt portion 160 in the direction of the rotation axis CC ′ at least by their edges b1 on the side surface of the bullet body 10. Is included. The skirt portion together with the core portion 164 is screwed to the rear end of the bullet 10 to seal the bullet. The fin front 180 is not in contact with the cylindrical wall 31 of the bullet 10 to attach the core 164 to the bullet in an “overhang” manner.

  FIG. 7a shows an axial sectional view of a third variant of the shell of the present invention.

  7b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the shell axis of FIG.

  In a third variant, the shell includes an assembly of bullet 200-skirt 208-core 220, manufactured, for example, in a factory fashion.

  The bullet 200 has a cylindrical wall 202 having a rotation axis AA ′ coaxial with the long axis XX ′ of the bullet, a circular opening 40 for the booster 22, and a rear end of the bullet at the front end side of the bullet 200. A rear body portion 206 forming a skirt portion 208 is included. The bullets are connected to each other by b2 and b3 in the direction of the axis AA ″, on the one hand in the direction of the rotation axis AA ′ of the bullet 200 and on the other hand by the other edge of the wall 202 of the bullet and the skirt 208. It includes four attached fins E1, E2, E3, E4, which together with the skirt 208 and the cylindrical wall 202 form a cell 106 for the glaze 39.

  FIG. 8a shows an axial sectional view of a fourth variant of the cannonball of the present invention.

  FIG. 8b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shell of FIG. 8a.

  In a fourth variant, the shell includes an assembly of bullet 300-core 320, manufactured, for example, in a factory fashion.

  The cannonball of FIG. 8 a includes a bullet body 300 having a cylindrical wall 302 having a rotation axis AA ′ coaxial with the cannonball axis XX ′, and a core 320 attached to the cylindrical wall 302. The cylindrical wall 302 includes a circular opening 40 for the booster 22 on the front end side of the bullet, and a rear opening 304 sealed by a skirt portion 308 on the rear end side of the bullet. Similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1b, the skirt 308 is attached to the bullet wall 300 by screwing. For this reason, the skirt portion 308 includes a threaded portion having a diameter Dpa attached to a rear opening in which a threaded portion having the same diameter Dpa is cut.

  In the fourth variant of FIG. 8a, the core fins E1, E2, E3, E4, on the other hand, in the direction of the axis AA ′ of the projectile, by their own edge b1, and others parallel to the axis AA ′ of the projectile It is attached to the cylindrical wall 302 of the bullet by the edge b2. These fins together with the skirt 308 and the cylindrical wall 302 form four cells 106 for glaze.

  FIG. 9a shows a perspective view of a modification of the core of the cannonball of the present invention.

  FIG. 9b shows a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the core of FIG. 9a.

  In the variations of the shell cores 38, 150, 164, 220, 320 of FIGS. 1a-8b, the shaping core 340 is provided for introducing a glaze tube igniter in the direction of the coupling axis CC ′ of the fin edge b1. , Including a conduit 350 over at least a portion of the length of the core. The wall 354 of the conduit 350 in the direction of the axis CC ′ formed by the edge b1 of the fins E1, E2, E3, E4 also includes an opening 360 perpendicular to the axis XX ′, so that the glaze tube igniter Through the opening, the shell glaze can be ignited laterally along the axis CC ′.

  The exemplary embodiment described for the cannonball according to the present invention is not limited to a core part comprising four fins, and the number of fins is limited if the fins are arranged at regular intervals around the major axis of the core part. More or less. At a minimum, the core may include a single fin to prevent rotation of the bullet glaze during the “cannon firing” phase.

10, 200, 300 Bullet 20 Fusible tube 22 Booster 24, 160, 208, 308 Skirt portion 26 Adjusting ring 28 External booster portion 30 Booster body 31, 202, 302 Cylindrical wall 32, 58, 62 Outer surface 33 Inner surface 36 Loading section 38, 150, 164, 220, 320, 340 Core part 39 Glaze 40, 304, 360 Open 46 Cylindrical surface part 50 Body shoulder part 54 Wall threaded part 60 Skirt part threaded part 64 Skirt shoulder part 68 Skirt wall 70 Bottom part 80, 84 Front fin Part 86, 154 front fin end 88 front fin shoulder 100 rear fin end 102 edge 106 cell 108 partitioning lobe 120 common loading region 124 partitioning region 180 fin front part 206 rear body part 304 rear opening 350 conduit 354 wall b1, b2, 3 edge D1 diameter Dpe OD Dpi inner diameter AA 'rotation axis CC' rotation axis XX 'major axis E1, E2,. . Ei,. . . En fins R1, R2,. . , Ri,. . Rn groove P3, P6 plane

Claims (13)

  A cannonball including a pointed fuze (20), a bullet (10), and a skirt (24, 160, 208, 308) along a long axis XX ′, coaxial with the long axis XX ′ The cylindrical bullet body (10) having the rotation axis AA ′ has a cylindrical wall (31, 202, 302) for partitioning a loading section (36) for storing the glaze (39) between the front end and the rear end. The bullet body (10) is sealed at the front end by the fuze (20) and at the rear end by the skirt portion attached to the bullet body, and the bullet body is loaded between the two ends. In the compartment, n fins E1, E2,... Each including at least one edge (b1) in the direction of the rotation axis AA ′ attached to the skirt portion. . Ei,. . . Including a core portion (38, 150, 164, 220, 320, 340) having En, wherein i is a rank of the fin, n is 1 or more, and the glaze (39) is at least two on both sides of the fin Ei. Cannonball characterized by separating into parts.   The shell includes a booster (22) for igniting the glaze (39) between the fuze (20) and the bullet, and the cylindrical booster (22) includes the bullet The cannonball according to claim 1, further comprising an external booster portion (28) for connecting (10) to the fuze (20) and a booster body (30) in the bullet body (10).   The outer surface (32) of the outer diameter Dpe and the inner surface of the inner diameter Dpi, wherein the cylindrical wall (31) of the bullet forms the loading section (36) that houses the core (38) and the glaze (39). The cannonball according to claim 1, comprising (33).   The cylindrical skirt portion (24) having a rotation axis CC ′ terminates with a circular skirt wall (68) in a plane P2 perpendicular to the axis of the skirt portion on the side of the bullet (10); The skirt portion (24) has the same number of grooves R1, R2,... As the fins of the core portion (38). . , Ri,. . Rn, the groove is open towards the skirt wall (68) and terminates in the skirt with a bottom (70) in a plane P3 perpendicular to the long axis XX ′ of the shell, The n fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . . En has a rear fin end (100) that terminates in a plane P6 perpendicular to the axis AA ′ of the core (38) with a fin edge (102) on the rear end side of the bullet, and rank i A fin end (100) of the fin Ei is inserted into each groove Ri of the same rank i of the skirt portion (24), and an edge (102) of the fin connects the core portion (38) to the skirt. In contact with the bottom (70) of the groove, so that the fin (10) is rotatably and translatably attached to the bullet (10), the coupling of the fin with the skirt (24) being tenon / tenon The tenon is the rear of the fin (100), and the tenon is in the grooves R1, R2,. . The cannonball according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein Ri is Rn.   In the case of a “mortise / mortise” type connection, the rear fin ends (100) are connected to the n grooves R1, R2,. . Ri,. . Adhering to Rn or screwing or welding to the edge of the fin results in a robust bond between the fin and the skirt (24), the latter solution being a tenon / mortise type bond 5. A cannonball according to claim 4, characterized in that it can be excluded.   The n fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . . , En is inscribed in a cylindrical surface having a diameter equal to the diameter D1 of the cylindrical surface portion (46) of the inner surface (33) of the front end of the bullet (10) on the front end side of the bullet (10). 6. A cannonball according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it includes a forward fin (84) for centering the core with the bullet.   The skirt portion (160) -core portion (164) assembly is integrally manufactured, and the skirt portion (160) having the rotation axis CC ′ is formed on the side surface of the bullet (10) in the direction of the rotation axis CC ′. N fins E1, E2,... Attached to the skirt (160) by at least its own edge (b1). . Ei,. . Including the core portion (164) having En, the skirt portion being screwed together with the core portion to the rear end of the bullet body (10) to seal the bullet body, The fin front (180) is not in contact with the wall (31) of the bullet (10) in order to mount the core (164) of 10) in an "overhang" manner. Item 4. The bullet of any one of Items 1 to 3.   An assembly of a bullet (200) -skirt portion (208) -core portion (220) is integrally manufactured, and the bullet (200) is disposed on the front end side of the bullet (200). A cylindrical wall (202) having a rotation axis AA ′ coaxial with the long axis XX ′, the circular opening (40) for the booster (22), and a skirt portion (208) on the rear end side of the bullet A rear body portion (206) that forms a longitudinal body in the direction of the axis AA ′, on the other hand, in the direction of the axis of rotation AA ′ of the bullet (200), by its own edge (b1). The n fins E1, E2,... Attached to each other by the other edges (b2, b3) of the fins of the wall (202) of the bullet and the skirt (208). . Ei,. . En, wherein the fins together with the skirt (208) and the cylindrical wall (202) form a cell (106) for the glaze (39). The bullet of any one of -3.   An assembly of bullet (300) -core (320) is manufactured in one piece, and the bullet (300) has a cylindrical wall (302) having a rotation axis AA 'coaxial with the axis XX' of the shell. ) And a core (320) attached to the cylindrical wall (302), wherein the cylindrical wall 302 has the circular opening (40) for the booster (22) on the front end side of the bullet, and A rear opening (304) sealed by the skirt portion (308) is included on the rear end side of the bullet body, and the fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . En, on the other hand, by its own edge (b1) in the direction of the axis AA ′ of the bullet and by another edge (b2) parallel to the axis AA ′ of the bullet The fin is attached to (302) and, together with the skirt (308) and the cylindrical wall (302), forms the glaze cell (106). The bullet of any one of -3.   The loading section includes a common loading area (120) followed by a sectioning area, the common loading area being the front end (86) of the booster (22), the bullet wall (31), and the core fin. ), The partitioned region is partitioned by the bullet wall (31) and the skirt portion (68), and the fins E1, E2,. . . Ei, En together with the bullet wall (31) form a cell (106) for the glaze (39) of the cannonball, according to any one of claims 1-9 The listed shell.   The n fins forming the core (38, 150, 164, 220, 320, 340) preferably form an isomorphous cell group (106) intended to contain the glaze. The cannonball according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the bullets are arranged at regular intervals around the rotation axis AA 'of the bullet.   The core portion (38, 150, 164, 220, 320, 340) is at least one of the length of the core portion to introduce a glaze tube type ignition device in the direction of the connecting axis of the edge (b1) of the fin. A cannonball according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a conduit (350) over the part.   The n fins E1, E2,. . Ei,. . The wall (354) of the conduit (350) formed by the edge (b1) of En includes an opening group (360) perpendicular to the axis of the conduit, and the glaze tube igniter 13. A cannonball according to claim 12, characterized in that the glaze of the cannonball can be ignited laterally through the aperture group along the axis CC '.

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