JP2012242045A - Ground water heat utilization system - Google Patents

Ground water heat utilization system Download PDF

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JP2012242045A
JP2012242045A JP2011114849A JP2011114849A JP2012242045A JP 2012242045 A JP2012242045 A JP 2012242045A JP 2011114849 A JP2011114849 A JP 2011114849A JP 2011114849 A JP2011114849 A JP 2011114849A JP 2012242045 A JP2012242045 A JP 2012242045A
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groundwater
water
heat
spring
layer
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JP5892304B2 (en
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Yoshio Ishizuka
与志雄 石塚
Yoichi Iwasaki
陽一 岩崎
Yutaka Kamiya
豊 神谷
Kazuyuki Yoneyama
一幸 米山
Takashi Nishimura
崇 西村
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ground water heat utilization system capable of obtaining sufficient thermal efficiency by a simple facility.SOLUTION: A spring processing layer 3 is set up between a foundation slab 1 and a lowest floor 2. A ground water collection layer 5 is set up between an underground outer wall 4 and a peripheral ground. Ground water in the peripheral ground is collected through a ground water collecting layer and guided into a spring processing layer. The retaining heat of the ground water is utilized as a heat source of a heat pump 13. The ground water guided into the spring processing layer is collected into a pit 9 to be directly supplied to the heat pump by a pump 11. Alternatively, heat exchange piping is installed in a spring processing layer and/or a ground water collection layer to exchange heat by making heat source water to be supplied flow to the heat pump through the heat exchange piping. Ground water introduction piping 7 is installed between the ground water collection layer and the spring processing layer to make a ground water introduction amount adjustable by a regulating valve 8. A flow rate into the pit is adjusted by an overflow weir 10. Spring guided into the spring processing layer is utilized as gray water. A cleaning facility for removing precipitation deposits is provided in the spring processing layer.

Description

本発明は建物の周囲地盤の地下水を熱源として有効利用するための地下水熱利用システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a groundwater heat utilization system for effectively using groundwater around a building as a heat source.

地下水の保有熱エネルギーを建物における冷暖房用の熱源等に利用するためのシステムとしては、採熱用の専用の井戸（ボアホール）を利用する方法（ボアホール内に熱交換器を設置し、または地下水を汲み上げて利用する）や、杭の周囲に地下水との間で熱交換を行うための熱交換器を設置するシステムが知られている他、たとえば特許文献１〜３に示されるようなシステムが提案されている。   As a system for using the thermal energy stored in groundwater as a heat source for air conditioning in buildings, a method using a dedicated well for heat collection (borehole) (installing a heat exchanger in the borehole or using groundwater In addition to a known system that installs a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with groundwater around the pile, a system such as that shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 is proposed. Has been.

特許文献１に示される地中熱交換システムは、建物の下部に透水層を設けてそこに熱媒体を通す熱交換用のパイプを配管し、建物の周囲を流れる地下水を通水口から透水層に導いて排水口から排水させる間に地下水と熱媒体との間で熱交換を行うようにしたものである。   In the underground heat exchange system shown in Patent Document 1, a permeable layer is provided in the lower part of a building, a pipe for heat exchange passing the heat medium therethrough is piped, and groundwater flowing around the building is passed from the water inlet to the permeable layer. Heat is exchanged between the groundwater and the heat medium while being guided and drained from the drainage port.

特許文献２に示される地下帯水層熱の利用システムは、地盤面下に設置した貯留水層の側壁から多管式地中熱交換器を地中に設置し、その多管式地中熱交換器により地下水熱を採取し熱媒を冷却するようにしたものである。   In the underground aquifer heat utilization system disclosed in Patent Document 2, a multi-tube geothermal heat exchanger is installed in the ground from the side wall of a reservoir layer installed below the ground surface. The groundwater heat is collected by an exchanger and the heat medium is cooled.

特許文献３に示される地熱利用ヒートポンプシステムは、地中浅層部に埋設した採熱管により地中浅層部に存在する地下水または伏流水から地熱を採取するようにしたものである。   The geothermal heat pump system disclosed in Patent Document 3 collects geothermal heat from groundwater or underground water existing in a shallow underground layer using a heat collecting pipe embedded in the shallow underground layer.

特開２００８−２７５２６３号公報JP 2008-275263 A 特開２００２−１４７８９２号公報JP 2002-147992 A 特開２００５−４９０１６号公報JP-A-2005-49016

しかし、専用の井戸（ボアホール）を利用するシステムでは井戸を設置するために多大の費用を必要とするばかりでなく、地下水の流れが小さい場合は十分な熱効率が得られない場合が多い。   However, a system using a dedicated well (bore hole) not only requires a large amount of money to install the well, but also often cannot provide sufficient thermal efficiency when the flow of groundwater is small.

また、杭を利用して熱交換を行うシステムでは専用の井戸に代えて杭を利用できる点で合理的であるが、多数の杭が密に設置される構造の建物にしか適用できないし、井戸による場合と同様に地下水の流れが小さい場合は十分な熱効率が得られるものではない。   In addition, a system that uses piles for heat exchange is reasonable in that piles can be used instead of dedicated wells, but it can only be applied to buildings with a structure in which many piles are densely installed. As in the case of the above, if the flow of groundwater is small, sufficient thermal efficiency cannot be obtained.

さらに、特許文献１〜３に示されるようなシステムは、いずれも大掛かりな設備を必要とするばかりでなく必ずしも十分な熱効率が得られるものでもなく、普及するに至っていない。   Furthermore, the systems as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not require large-scale equipment, and do not necessarily obtain sufficient thermal efficiency, and have not yet spread.

上記事情に鑑み、本発明は簡易な設備で十分な熱効率が得られる合理的で有効適切な地下水熱利用システムを提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a rational and effective groundwater heat utilization system capable of obtaining sufficient thermal efficiency with simple equipment.

請求項１記載の発明の地下水熱利用システムは、建物の基礎スラブと最下階の床との間に湧水処理層を設置するとともに、該建物の地下外壁とその周囲地盤との間に前記湧水処理層に通じる地下水集水層を設置し、前記建物の周囲地盤中の地下水を前記地下水集水層により集水して前記湧水処理層に導入することより、該地下水の保有熱を水熱源ヒートポンプの熱源として利用可能としたことを特徴とする。   In the groundwater heat utilization system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the spring water treatment layer is installed between the foundation slab of the building and the floor of the lowermost floor, and the groundwater is disposed between the underground outer wall of the building and the surrounding ground. A groundwater catchment layer that leads to the springwater treatment layer is installed, and groundwater in the ground surrounding the building is collected by the groundwater catchment layer and introduced into the springwater treatment layer. It can be used as a heat source of a water heat source heat pump.

請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、前記湧水処理層に導入した地下水を該湧水処理層からポンプにより前記水熱源ヒートポンプに供給可能としたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 2 is the groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the groundwater introduced into the spring water treatment layer can be supplied from the spring water treatment layer to the water heat source heat pump by a pump. Features.

請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１または２記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、前記湧水処理層および前記地下水集水層の双方もしくはいずれか一方に、前記水熱源ヒートポンプに供給する熱源水が循環して前記湧水処理層内の湧水および／または前記地下水集水層内の地下水と熱交換を行う熱交換用配管を設置したことを特徴とする。   Invention of Claim 3 is the groundwater heat utilization system of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The heat source supplied to the said water heat source heat pump to the said spring water treatment layer and / or the said groundwater catchment layer A heat exchanging pipe for exchanging heat with the spring water in the spring treatment layer and / or the ground water in the ground water catchment layer is installed.

請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１，２または３記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、前記地下水集水層と前記湧水処理層との間に、前記地下水集水層により集水した地下水を前記湧水処理層に導入するための地下水導入管を設置し、かつ該地下水導入管に、前記地下水集水層から前記湧水処理層への地下水導入量を調整可能な調整弁を設けたことを特徴とする。   Invention of Claim 4 is a groundwater heat utilization system of Claim 1, 2, or 3, Comprising: Between the groundwater catchment layer and the spring treatment layer, water was collected by the groundwater catchment layer A ground water introduction pipe for introducing ground water into the spring treatment layer is installed, and an adjustment valve capable of adjusting the amount of ground water introduced from the ground water collection layer to the spring treatment layer is provided in the ground water introduction pipe. It is characterized by that.

請求項５記載の発明は、請求項１，２，３または４記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、前記湧水処理層にピットを設けるとともに該ピットへの地下水流入量を調整する越流堰を設けたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 5 is the groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein an overflow weir is provided with a pit in the spring treatment layer and the amount of groundwater flowing into the pit is adjusted. Is provided.

請求項６記載の発明は、請求項１，２，３，４または５記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、前記湧水処理層に導入された湧水を水処理して中水として利用可能としたことを特徴とする。   Invention of Claim 6 is a groundwater heat utilization system of Claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, Comprising: The spring water introduce | transduced into the said spring treatment layer can be water-treated, and can be used as middle water It is characterized by that.

請求項７記載の発明は、請求項１，２，３，４，５または６記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、前記湧水処理層に洗浄水を供給して沈澱堆積物を除去する洗浄設備を設けたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 7 is the groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the washing water is supplied to the spring water treatment layer to remove the sediment deposits. The facility is provided.

本発明の地下水熱利用システムは、地下外壁の外側に地下水集水層を設けて建物の周囲地盤から地下水を積極的にかつ効率的に集水し、集水した地下水を湧水として基礎部に設けた湧水処理層に導くことにより、水熱源ヒートポンプにおける熱源水として有効に利用して効率的なヒートポンプ運転が可能である。
特に本発明の地下水熱利用システムは、地下外壁の外側に適宜の透水性材料を設置することのみで地下水集水層を低コストで設置可能であるし、湧水処理層は通常の建物においても不可欠である湧水槽を転用可能であるから、従来システムに比較してイニシャルコストを十分に軽減することが可能である。 The groundwater heat utilization system of the present invention provides a groundwater collection layer on the outside of the underground outer wall to collect groundwater actively and efficiently from the surrounding ground of the building, and the collected groundwater is used as spring water in the foundation. By guiding to the provided spring treatment layer, efficient heat pump operation is possible by effectively using as heat source water in the water heat source heat pump.
In particular, the groundwater heat utilization system of the present invention can install a groundwater catchment layer at a low cost only by installing an appropriate water permeable material on the outside of the underground outer wall. Since an essential spring tank can be diverted, the initial cost can be sufficiently reduced as compared with the conventional system.

本発明の地下水熱利用システムの第１実施形態を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of the groundwater heat utilization system of this invention. 同、湧水処理層を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows a spring treatment layer similarly. 本発明の地下水熱利用システムの第２実施形態を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the groundwater heat utilization system of this invention. 同、湧水処理層を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows a spring treatment layer similarly. 本発明の地下水熱利用システムの他の構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the groundwater heat utilization system of this invention.

本発明の地下水熱利用システムの第１実施形態を図１〜図２に示す。
これは、地下水位が比較的高い地盤に建設される建物に適用されたもので、建物の周辺地盤から建物内に湧水として流入する地下水の保有熱エネルギーを冷暖房用の熱源として利用するとともに、熱利用後の湧水を建物内において中水（雑用水）としても利用するようにしたものである。 1st Embodiment of the groundwater heat utilization system of this invention is shown in FIGS.
This is applied to buildings that are constructed on the ground where the groundwater level is relatively high, and uses the retained thermal energy of groundwater flowing into the building from the surrounding ground as a heat source for air conditioning, The spring water after heat use is also used as medium water (miscellaneous water) in the building.

本実施形態のシステムでは、建物の基礎スラブ１と最下階の床２との間に湧水処理層３を設置するとともに、建物の地下外壁４とその周囲地盤との間には湧水処理層３に通じる地下水集水層５を設け、建物周辺地盤の地下水を地下水集水層５により集水して湧水処理層３に導入することを主眼としている。   In the system of the present embodiment, a spring treatment layer 3 is installed between the building foundation slab 1 and the floor 2 on the lowest floor, and the spring treatment is performed between the underground outer wall 4 of the building and the surrounding ground. The groundwater catchment layer 5 that leads to the layer 3 is provided, and the groundwater around the building is collected by the groundwater catchment layer 5 and introduced into the spring treatment layer 3.

具体的には、図示例の場合には地下外壁４の周囲に山留め壁６が設けられていて、その山留め壁６と地下外壁４との間に適宜の排水材パネルや不織布等の透水性材料が介装されることで地下水集水層５が形成されている。
なお、山留め壁６は建物の施工時に仮設的に設けたものを残置してそのまま利用すれば良いが、建物の完成後にはその内側に地下水を流入させるとともに地下水集水層５を保護する機能を要するので、山留め壁６としては地下水の流入を完全には阻止しないような適度の通水機能を有する構造のもの（たとえば親杭横矢板工法による山留め壁のように完全止水壁としては機能しない構造のもの）とすることが好ましい。
但し、山留め壁６は地下水を集水するうえでは必ずしも必要ではなく、地下水集水層５がそれ自体で十分な集水機能を有しかつ格別の保護を必要としないものであれば山留め壁６を撤去しても良いし、山留め壁６を設けずとも地下水集水層５を支障なく形成できる場合には山留め壁６をはじめから省略することでも差し支えない。 Specifically, in the illustrated example, a mountain retaining wall 6 is provided around the underground outer wall 4, and a water-permeable material such as an appropriate drainage panel or nonwoven fabric is provided between the mountain retaining wall 6 and the underground outer wall 4. As a result, the groundwater catchment layer 5 is formed.
The mountain retaining wall 6 may be used as it is by leaving the temporary provision at the time of construction of the building. However, after the building is completed, it has a function of flowing groundwater into the inside and protecting the groundwater catchment layer 5. Therefore, the retaining wall 6 has a structure having an appropriate water flow function that does not completely block the inflow of groundwater (for example, it does not function as a completely retaining wall like a retaining wall by the parent pile side sheet pile method) It is preferable to have a structure).
However, the mountain retaining wall 6 is not necessarily required for collecting groundwater. If the groundwater collection layer 5 itself has a sufficient water collecting function and does not require special protection, the mountain retaining wall 6 may be used. If the groundwater catchment layer 5 can be formed without hindrance without providing the retaining wall 6, the retaining wall 6 may be omitted from the beginning.

また、上記の湧水処理層３は基本的には通常の建物においても湧水を処理するために基礎部に設けられる湧水槽と同様に機能するものであるが、本実施形態では図２に示すように格子状の通水路を有する湧水処理パネルが基礎スラブ１上に設置されることで湧水処理層３が形成されており、その湧水処理パネル上に押さえコンクリートが打設されて最下階の床２が形成されるようになっている。
なお、基礎スラブ１と湧水処理パネルとの間にはたとえばゴムアスファルト系塗膜防水材の塗布等による適宜の防水処理を施すことが好ましい。また、必要であれば上記の地下水集水層５と地下外壁４との間にも同様の防水処理を施せば良い。 The spring treatment layer 3 basically functions in the same way as a spring tank provided in the foundation for treating spring water in a normal building. In this embodiment, FIG. As shown, a spring water treatment panel 3 having a grid-like water passage is installed on the foundation slab 1 to form a spring water treatment layer 3, and pressing concrete is placed on the spring water treatment panel. A floor 2 on the lowest floor is formed.
In addition, it is preferable to perform an appropriate waterproofing treatment between the basic slab 1 and the spring water treatment panel, for example, by applying a rubber asphalt-based coating film waterproofing material. If necessary, the same waterproof treatment may be applied between the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the underground outer wall 4.

上記の地下水集水層５の下部と湧水処理層３との間には地下外壁４を貫通する地下水導入管７が所定間隔で設置されていて、地下水集水層５に集水された地下水はそれら地下水導入管７を通して湧水処理層３に導入可能とされ、かつ各地下水導入管７の先端部に設けられている調整弁８の開度調整により湧水処理層３への地下水の導入量が調整可能とされている。   Between the lower part of the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the spring water treatment layer 3, groundwater introduction pipes 7 penetrating the underground outer wall 4 are installed at predetermined intervals, and the groundwater collected in the groundwater catchment layer 5 is collected. Can be introduced into the spring water treatment layer 3 through the ground water introduction pipes 7 and the opening of a regulating valve 8 provided at the tip of each ground water introduction pipe 7 is adjusted to introduce the ground water into the spring water treatment layer 3. The amount is adjustable.

湧水処理層３の一角部にはピット９が設けられていて湧水処理層３全体はそのピット９に向かって下がり勾配となるように形成されており、したがって地下水導入管７から湧水処理層３の各所に導入された地下水は図中の矢印で示すようにピット９に向かって自然流下してピット９に貯留されるようになっている。
なお、湧水処理層３からピット９への流入部には越流堰１０が設けられていて、その越流堰１０の高さの調整により湧水処理層３からピット９への流入量や湧水処理層３内における湧水の水位や滞留時間を適切に調整可能とされている。 A pit 9 is provided at one corner of the spring water treatment layer 3, and the entire spring water treatment layer 3 is formed so as to have a downward slope toward the pit 9. As shown by the arrows in the figure, the groundwater introduced to various places in the layer 3 naturally flows down toward the pit 9 and is stored in the pit 9.
An overflow weir 10 is provided at the inflow from the spring treatment layer 3 to the pit 9, and the amount of inflow from the spring treatment layer 3 to the pit 9 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the overflow weir 10. The water level and residence time of the spring water in the spring water treatment layer 3 can be appropriately adjusted.

そして、ピット９内にはポンプ１１が設置されていて、そのポンプ１１により汲み上げた湧水を水質処理装置１２を経てヒートポンプ（水熱源ヒートポンプ）１３に供給し、ヒートポンプ１３は湧水を熱源水として利用して冷房時においては冷水を調製するとともに暖房時においては温水を調製して空調機に供給するようになっている。
なお、上記のヒートポンプ１３としては冷暖房用の熱源機のみならず、必要に応じて給湯用その他の用途に供する熱源機も適用できる。 A pump 11 is installed in the pit 9, and spring water pumped up by the pump 11 is supplied to a heat pump (water heat source heat pump) 13 through a water quality treatment device 12. The heat pump 13 uses the spring water as heat source water. Utilizing this, cold water is prepared during cooling and hot water is prepared during heating and supplied to the air conditioner.
In addition, as said heat pump 13, not only the heat source machine for an air conditioning but the heat source machine used for the other uses for hot water supply as needed can be applied.

さらに、ヒートポンプ１３により熱源水として利用した後の湧水は建物内の各所に中水として供給して雑用水として利用するようになっており、それによる節水効果が得られるものとなっている。なお、そのように熱利用後の湧水を中水として利用するためには、上記の水質処理装置１２は湧水を熱源水として利用可能な水質とするばかりでなく中水としても利用可能な水質に調整し得るものとしておく必要がある。   Furthermore, the spring water after being used as the heat source water by the heat pump 13 is supplied as intermediate water to various places in the building and used as miscellaneous water, thereby obtaining a water-saving effect. In addition, in order to use the spring water after heat utilization as middle water in this way, the above-described water quality treatment device 12 can use not only the spring water as a heat source water quality but also middle water. It is necessary to adjust the water quality.

通常の建物では周囲地盤全体から建物内に無駄に流入してくる湧水を単に排水処理するしかないが、本実施形態の地下水熱利用システムは地下外壁４の外側に敢えて地下水集水層５を設けて建物の周囲地盤から地下水を積極的にかつ効率的に集水して湧水処理層３に導き、その湧水を冷暖房用あるいは他の用途の熱源水として有効に利用することが可能であり、しかもその湧水の水温は年間を通じて１５〜１８℃程度と安定しているから効率的なヒートポンプ運転が可能であり、極めて有効にして合理的なものである。   In ordinary buildings, the spring water that flows wastefully into the building from the entire surrounding ground can only be drained, but the groundwater heat utilization system of this embodiment dares to place the groundwater catchment layer 5 on the outside of the underground outer wall 4. It is possible to actively and efficiently collect groundwater from the surrounding ground of the building and lead it to the spring treatment layer 3, and the spring water can be effectively used as heat source water for air conditioning or other purposes. In addition, since the temperature of the spring water is stable at around 15 to 18 ° C. throughout the year, an efficient heat pump operation is possible, which is extremely effective and rational.

特に本発明の地下水熱利用システムは、地下外壁４の外側に適宜の透水性材料を設置することのみで地下水集水層５を低コストで設置可能であるし、湧水処理層３は通常の建物においても不可欠である湧水槽を転用可能であるから、多数の専用の井戸を設けたり多数の杭を利用して地下水との熱交換を行う従来システムに比較してイニシャルコストを十分に軽減することが可能である。   In particular, in the groundwater heat utilization system of the present invention, the groundwater catchment layer 5 can be installed at low cost only by installing an appropriate water-permeable material on the outside of the underground outer wall 4, and the spring water treatment layer 3 is a normal one. Since the spring tank, which is also essential in buildings, can be diverted, the initial cost can be sufficiently reduced compared to conventional systems in which a large number of dedicated wells are installed or heat is exchanged with groundwater using a large number of piles. It is possible.

しかも、本発明の地下水熱利用システムでは、地下水導入管７に設けた調整弁８や越流堰１０の調整によって所望の湧水量を確保することが可能であり、それにより年間を通じて最適かつ効率的な地下水熱利用が可能であるし、仮に地下水の利用が不要となったり湧水処理層３への湧水の導入を停止する必要が生じた場合には調整弁８を閉じてしまえば必要以上の湧水の流入を阻止できるから、地下水熱利用システムとして極めて合理的あり有効である。   Moreover, in the groundwater heat utilization system of the present invention, it is possible to secure a desired amount of spring water by adjusting the regulating valve 8 and the overflow weir 10 provided in the groundwater introduction pipe 7, thereby achieving optimum and efficient throughout the year. If the use of groundwater becomes unnecessary, or if it becomes necessary to stop the introduction of spring water to the spring treatment layer 3, it is more than necessary if the regulating valve 8 is closed. Therefore, it is extremely reasonable and effective as a groundwater heat utilization system.

図３〜図４は本発明の地下水熱利用システムの第２実施形態を示すものである。
上記第１実施形態ではピット９に集水した湧水をポンプ１１によりヒートポンプ１３に供給して熱源水として直接的に利用するものとしたが、本第２実施形態では地下水集水層５内の地下水および湧水処理層３内の湧水との熱交換によりその保有熱エネルギーを間接的に利用するものである。 3 to 4 show a second embodiment of the groundwater heat utilization system of the present invention.
In the first embodiment, the spring water collected in the pit 9 is supplied to the heat pump 13 by the pump 11 and used directly as heat source water. However, in the second embodiment, the spring water in the groundwater collection layer 5 is used. The retained heat energy is indirectly used by heat exchange with the groundwater and the spring water in the spring water treatment layer 3.

具体的には、本第２実施形態では地下水集水層５内および湧水処理層３内に一連の熱交換用配管１４を蛇行状態で配管してそれに熱媒体（冷温水あるいはブライン）を循環させることにより、地下水集水層５内を下方に向かって流下する地下水および湧水処理層３内をピット９に向かって流下する湧水と熱媒体との間で熱交換を行いつつ、その熱媒体をヒートポンプ１３に供給するようにしたものである。
なお、熱交換用配管１４の所要長や熱媒体流量等の諸元は、集水される地下水量やその温度条件等を考慮して所望の熱交換効率が得られるように適切に設定すれば良い。
また、熱交換用配管１４は必ずしも図示例のように地下水集水層５内および湧水処理層３内の全体にわたって配管することはなく必要範囲に設置すれば良く、場合によっては地下水集水層５内にのみ設置したり湧水処理層３内にのみ設置することでも良いし、必要に応じて複数系統の熱交換用配管１４を適宜のゾーニングを設定して設置すれば良い。 Specifically, in the second embodiment, a series of heat exchanging pipes 14 are meandered in the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the spring water treatment layer 3, and a heat medium (cold hot water or brine) is circulated therethrough. As a result, heat exchange is performed between the groundwater flowing downward in the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the springwater flowing down in the springwater treatment layer 3 toward the pit 9 and the heat medium. The medium is supplied to the heat pump 13.
In addition, if the specifications such as the required length of the heat exchange pipe 14 and the flow rate of the heat medium are set appropriately so as to obtain the desired heat exchange efficiency in consideration of the amount of groundwater to be collected and its temperature condition, etc. good.
In addition, the heat exchanging pipe 14 is not necessarily provided in the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the spring water treatment layer 3 as shown in the drawing, and may be installed in a necessary range. 5 may be installed only in the spring treatment layer 3, or a plurality of heat exchange pipes 14 may be installed with appropriate zoning as required.

また、本第２実施形態においても、熱利用後の湧水を最終的には中水として利用するべく、ピット９内の湧水をポンプ１１により汲み上げて水質処理装置１２を経て建物内各所に供給するようにしており、したがって本第２実施形態においても、第１実施形態の場合と全く同様に、地下水集水層５により積極的に集水して湧水処理層３に導入した湧水を熱源水として有効に利用でき、かつ熱利用後の湧水を中水としても有効に利用可能である。     Also in the second embodiment, the spring water in the pit 9 is finally pumped up by the pump 11 to be used as the middle water after the heat is used, and then passed through the water quality treatment device 12 to various places in the building. Therefore, also in the second embodiment, spring water positively collected by the groundwater catchment layer 5 and introduced into the spring treatment layer 3 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Can be used effectively as heat source water, and the spring water after heat use can also be used effectively as middle water.

以上で本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記各実施形態に限定されるものでは勿論なく、たとえば以下に列挙するような適宜の設計的変更や応用が可能である。   The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and appropriate design changes and applications such as those listed below are possible.

上記第１実施形態ではピット９に集水した湧水を熱源水として直接利用するものとし、第２実施形態ではピット９に流入する前の地下水（湧水）を熱交換により間接利用するようにしたが、地下水の水温や熱源水として必要とされる水温その他の条件によっては双方を組み合わせて併用することも可能である。   In the first embodiment, the spring water collected in the pit 9 is directly used as heat source water, and in the second embodiment, the ground water (spring water) before flowing into the pit 9 is indirectly used by heat exchange. However, depending on the water temperature and other conditions required for groundwater temperature and heat source water, it is possible to use both in combination.

上記実施形態では熱利用後の湧水をさらに中水として利用するようにしたが、その必要がなければ熱利用後の湧水は適宜排水してしまえば良い。
また、中水として利用する場合において、熱利用後の湧水が中水としての所要量よりも多量である場合には余剰分を排水してしまえば良い。
さらに、地下水の水質が良質であってそれを熱源水や中水として利用するうえで格別の水質処理を行う必要が無ければ、上記実施形態における水質処理装置１２は省略可能である。 In the above embodiment, the spring water after use of heat is further used as intermediate water. However, if not necessary, the spring water after use of heat may be drained as appropriate.
Moreover, when using as middle water, when the spring water after heat utilization is larger than the required amount as middle water, the surplus part should just be drained.
Furthermore, the water quality treatment apparatus 12 in the above embodiment can be omitted if the quality of the groundwater is high and it is not necessary to perform special water quality treatment when using it as heat source water or middle water.

上記各実施形態では地下水集水層５と湧水処理層３とを地下水導入管７を介して連通させ、かつ地下水導入管７には調整弁８を設けて導入量を調整可能としたが、その必要がなければ地下水導入管７を省略して地下水集水層５と湧水処理層３とを単に連続的に設けておけば良い。
また、上記各実施形態では湧水処理層３からピット９への流入部に越流堰１０を設けたが、越流堰１０が不要であれば省略しても良いし、さらに湧水処理層３自体で十分な水深を確保し得て格別のピットを設ける必要がなければ上記実施形態におけるピット９を省略しても差し支えない。 In each of the above embodiments, the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the spring water treatment layer 3 are communicated with each other via the groundwater introduction pipe 7, and the adjustment amount 8 is provided in the groundwater introduction pipe 7 so that the introduction amount can be adjusted. If it is not necessary, the groundwater inlet pipe 7 may be omitted and the groundwater catchment layer 5 and the spring treatment layer 3 may be simply provided continuously.
Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the overflow weir 10 was provided in the inflow part from the spring treatment layer 3 to the pit 9, if the overflow weir 10 is unnecessary, you may abbreviate | omit, and also a spring treatment layer If it is possible to secure a sufficient water depth with 3 itself and it is not necessary to provide a special pit, the pit 9 in the above embodiment may be omitted.

上記各実施形態のように地下水導入管７に調整弁８を設ける場合、その調整弁８は手動操作により開閉するものでも良い（その場合、地下水導入管７を床下に設けている場合には、調整弁８を操作するための点検口を床２の要所に設けておけば良い）が、調整弁８を電磁弁や電動弁等により構成して遠方操作することが好ましい。その場合、適宜のセンサによって地下水量や地下水温、熱負荷等を検出して地下水集水層５から湧水処理層３への導入量が最適となるように調整弁８を自動制御するようなシステムを付加することも考えられ、それにより最適な自動運転が可能となる。
併せて、上記実施形態のようにピット９への流入量を越流堰１０により調整する場合においては、その越流堰１０を可動堰としてそれを調整弁８の操作と関連づけてあるいはそれとは独立に自動制御することも好ましい。 When the adjustment valve 8 is provided in the groundwater introduction pipe 7 as in the above embodiments, the adjustment valve 8 may be manually opened and closed (in this case, when the groundwater introduction pipe 7 is provided under the floor, Although an inspection port for operating the regulating valve 8 may be provided at the main point of the floor 2), it is preferable that the regulating valve 8 is constituted by an electromagnetic valve, an electric valve or the like and operated remotely. In that case, the control valve 8 is automatically controlled so that the amount introduced from the groundwater catchment layer 5 to the spring water treatment layer 3 is optimized by detecting the amount of groundwater, the groundwater temperature, the heat load, etc. with an appropriate sensor. It is also possible to add a system, which enables optimum automatic operation.
In addition, when the inflow amount to the pit 9 is adjusted by the overflow weir 10 as in the above embodiment, the overflow weir 10 is used as a movable weir and is associated with the operation of the regulating valve 8 or independent of it. It is also preferable to perform automatic control.

上記各実施形態のように地下水導入管７および調整弁８は床下に設置することでも良いが、あるいは図５に示すように床上に設置することでも良く、その場合は調整弁８を容易に手動操作することができる。   The groundwater introduction pipe 7 and the regulating valve 8 may be installed under the floor as in the above embodiments, or may be installed on the floor as shown in FIG. 5, in which case the regulating valve 8 is easily manually operated. Can be operated.

また、地下水に含まれる砂等の固形物が湧水処理層３内に沈澱堆積することも想定されるので、それを防止するために洗浄設備を備えることも好ましい。
その場合、具体的にはたとえば図５に示したように地下水導入管７を床上に配管するとともに、その地下水導入管７に対して洗浄管１５をフラッシュ弁１６を介して接続しておき、定期的にあるいは必要に応じて調整弁８を閉じてフラッシュ弁１６を開いて洗浄水を湧水処理層３内に高圧で噴射させることにより、湧水処理層３内の沈澱堆積物を容易に洗浄除去することができる。 Moreover, since it is assumed that solids, such as sand contained in groundwater, are deposited in the spring water treatment layer 3, it is also preferable to provide a cleaning facility to prevent this.
In that case, specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, the groundwater introduction pipe 7 is piped on the floor, and the washing pipe 15 is connected to the groundwater introduction pipe 7 via the flush valve 16, and the periodic If necessary, or if necessary, the regulating valve 8 is closed and the flush valve 16 is opened to inject the washing water into the spring treatment layer 3 at a high pressure, thereby easily washing the sediment in the spring treatment layer 3. Can be removed.

上記各実施形態では格子状の通水路を有する湧水処理パネルを基礎スラブ１上に設置することで湧水処理層３を形成したが、必ずしもそうすることはなく、湧水処理層３は少なくともそこに導入された湧水を熱源水として利用可能なように設ければ良く、その限りにおいて湧水処理層３の形態や構造、設置範囲は任意である。
地下外壁４の外側に設ける地下水集水層５についても、地下水を効率的に集水して湧水処理層３に導入できるものであれば良く、その限りにおいて地下水集水層５の形態や構造、設置範囲は任意である。 In each of the above embodiments, the spring water treatment layer 3 is formed by installing the spring water treatment panel having a grid-shaped water passage on the foundation slab 1, but this is not necessarily the case. The spring water introduced therein may be provided so as to be usable as heat source water, and the form, structure, and installation range of the spring water treatment layer 3 are arbitrary as long as it is provided.
The groundwater catchment layer 5 provided on the outside of the underground outer wall 4 is not limited as long as it can efficiently collect groundwater and introduce it into the spring treatment layer 3. The installation range is arbitrary.

１ 基礎スラブ
２ 床
３ 湧水処理層
４ 地下外壁
５ 地下水集水層
６ 山留め壁
７ 地下水導入管
８ 調整弁
９ ピット
１０ 越流堰
１１ ポンプ
１２ 水質処理装置
１３ ヒートポンプ（水熱源ヒートポンプ）
１４ 熱交換用配管
１５ 洗浄管（洗浄設備）
１６ フラッシュ弁（洗浄設備） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Foundation slab 2 Floor 3 Spring water treatment layer 4 Underground wall 5 Groundwater catchment layer 6 Mountain retaining wall 7 Groundwater introduction pipe 8 Control valve 9 Pit 10 Overflow weir 11 Pump 12 Water quality treatment device 13 Heat pump (water heat source heat pump)
14 Heat exchange piping 15 Cleaning tube (cleaning equipment)
16 Flush valve (cleaning equipment)

Claims (7)

建物の基礎スラブと最下階の床との間に湧水処理層を設置するとともに、該建物の地下外壁とその周囲地盤との間に前記湧水処理層に通じる地下水集水層を設置し、前記建物の周囲地盤中の地下水を前記地下水集水層により集水して前記湧水処理層に導入することにより、該地下水の保有熱を水熱源ヒートポンプの熱源として利用可能としたことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。   Install a spring water treatment layer between the foundation slab of the building and the floor on the lowest floor, and install a ground water collection layer that leads to the spring treatment layer between the underground outer wall of the building and the surrounding ground. The groundwater in the surrounding ground of the building is collected by the groundwater catchment layer and introduced into the spring treatment layer, so that the retained heat of the groundwater can be used as a heat source of a water heat source heat pump. Groundwater heat utilization system. 請求項１記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、
前記湧水処理層に導入した地下水を該湧水処理層からポンプにより前記水熱源ヒートポンプに供給可能としたことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。 The groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1,
A groundwater heat utilization system characterized in that groundwater introduced into the springwater treatment layer can be supplied from the springwater treatment layer to the water heat source heat pump by a pump. 請求項１または２記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、
前記湧水処理層および前記地下水集水層の双方もしくはいずれか一方に、前記水熱源ヒートポンプに供給する熱源水が循環して前記湧水処理層内の湧水および／または前記地下水集水層内の地下水と熱交換を行う熱交換用配管を設置したことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。 A groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1 or 2,
The heat source water supplied to the water heat source heat pump circulates in the spring water treatment layer and / or the ground water catchment layer to circulate the spring water in the spring treatment layer and / or the ground water catchment layer. Groundwater heat utilization system characterized by installing heat exchange pipes that exchange heat with underground water. 請求項１，２または３記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、
前記地下水集水層と前記湧水処理層との間に、前記地下水集水層により集水した地下水を前記湧水処理層に導入するための地下水導入管を設置し、かつ該地下水導入管に、前記地下水集水層から前記湧水処理層への地下水導入量を調整可能な調整弁を設けたことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。 A groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
Between the groundwater catchment layer and the spring treatment layer, a groundwater introduction pipe for introducing the groundwater collected by the groundwater catchment layer into the spring treatment layer is installed, and the groundwater introduction pipe A groundwater heat utilization system comprising an adjustment valve capable of adjusting an amount of groundwater introduced from the groundwater catchment layer to the spring water treatment layer. 請求項１，２，３または４記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、
前記湧水処理層にピットを設けるとともに該ピットへの地下水流入量を調整する越流堰を設けたことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。 The groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4,
A groundwater heat utilization system characterized in that a pit is provided in the spring water treatment layer and an overflow weir for adjusting the amount of groundwater flowing into the pit is provided. 請求項１，２，３，４または５記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、
前記湧水処理層に導入された湧水を水処理して中水として利用可能としたことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。 The groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,
A groundwater heat utilization system characterized in that the spring water introduced into the spring treatment layer is treated with water to be used as intermediate water. 請求項１，２，３，４，５または６記載の地下水熱利用システムであって、
前記湧水処理層に洗浄水を供給して沈澱堆積物を除去する洗浄設備を設けたことを特徴とする地下水熱利用システム。 The groundwater heat utilization system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6,
A groundwater heat utilization system comprising a cleaning facility for supplying cleaning water to the spring water treatment layer to remove sediment deposits.
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