JP2012230905A - Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery - Google Patents
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- JP2012230905A JP2012230905A JP2012144563A JP2012144563A JP2012230905A JP 2012230905 A JP2012230905 A JP 2012230905A JP 2012144563 A JP2012144563 A JP 2012144563A JP 2012144563 A JP2012144563 A JP 2012144563A JP 2012230905 A JP2012230905 A JP 2012230905A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、非水電解質二次電池に関し、より詳しくは、耐衝撃性に優れた電流遮断機構を備えた非水電解質二次電池に関する。 The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and more particularly, to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with a current interruption mechanism having excellent impact resistance.
近年、非水電解液二次電池は、携帯電話、ノートパソコン、デジタルカメラ等の小型機器のみならず、電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車等の駆動電源として用いられるようになっている。 In recent years, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries have come to be used as drive power sources not only for small devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and digital cameras, but also for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
このような用途に用いられる電池においては、高出力が要求されるので、複数の電池が直列に接続されるが、非水電解液二次電池は、極めて反応性に富む材料が使用されている。このため、上記用途に用いる電池には、小型機器に用いる電池よりも高い安全性を備えることが要求される。また、その用途の特性上、耐衝撃性や耐振動性に優れることが要求される。 In a battery used for such an application, a high output is required, so a plurality of batteries are connected in series. However, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is made of a highly reactive material. . For this reason, the battery used for the said use is equipped with the safety | security higher than the battery used for a small apparatus. Moreover, it is requested | required that it is excellent in impact resistance and vibration resistance from the characteristic of the use.
電池の安全性を高めるために、電池内圧が上昇した時に電流を遮断する電流遮断機構に関する技術が、下記特許文献１〜８に提案されている。 In order to improve the safety of the battery, techniques related to a current interrupt mechanism that interrupts the current when the internal pressure of the battery increases are proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 8 listed below.
しかしながら、上記特許文献１〜８にかかる電流遮断機構は、いずれも振動や衝撃によって誤作動し易いという問題を抱えている。 However, all of the current interrupting mechanisms according to Patent Documents 1 to 8 have a problem that they are liable to malfunction due to vibration or impact.
本発明は、上記に鑑みなされたものであって、耐衝撃性及び耐振動性に優れた電流遮断機構を備えた非水電解質二次電池を提供することを目的とする。 This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It aims at providing the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with the electric current interruption mechanism excellent in impact resistance and vibration resistance.
上記課題を解決するための本発明は、開口を有する外装缶と、前記外装缶に収容された、正負集電板をそれぞれ備える正負極を有してなる電極体（１０）と、前記開口を封口する封口板（３）と、前記正負極の何れか一方の集電板に接続された集電タブ部材（９）と、
前記封口板（３）より外方に突出した外部電極端子（１）と、前記封口板（３）より電池内方側で前記集電タブ部材（９）より電池外方側に設けられ、かつ前記外部電極端子（１）に電気的に接続されており、電池内圧が上昇したときに電池外方側に変形するダイアフラム（６）と、中央部分が前記ダイアフラム（６）の電池内側面に接続され、その周辺が前記ダイアフラム（６）の下方に位置する前記集電タブ部材（９）に接続され、前記ダイアフラムが変形し浮き上がった時に破断してダイアフラム（６）への通電を遮断する脆弱部と、前記集電タブ部材（９）の一部分が挿入される集電タブホルダー（７）と、を備えた非水電解質二次電池であって、前記集電タブ部材（９）は、前記脆弱部を有する板状の挿入部（９ａ）と、前記一方集電板に接続される集電板接続部（９ｂ）と、を備え、前記集電タブホルダー（７）は、絶縁性であり、前記集電タブ部材（９）の挿入部（９ａ）が挿入されるタブ受入部（７ａ）を有し、当該タブ受入部（７ａ）の電池内方側及び電池外方側の双方の面には、前記挿入部（９ａ）が挿入された状態で前記脆弱部と重なり合う、ホルダー穴（７ｃ）が形成されており、前記ダイアフラム（６）は、前記ホルダー穴（７ｃ）を覆うように前記タブ受入部（７ａ）の電池外方側に配置され、かつその中央部底面が前記ホルダー穴（７ｃ）を介して前記脆弱部に通電可能に接続されることを特徴とする（本発明第1態様）。
The present invention for solving the above problems includes an outer can having an opening, an electrode body (10) having positive and negative current collectors respectively accommodated in the outer can, and the opening. A sealing plate (3) for sealing, a current collecting tab member (9) connected to any one of the positive and negative current collecting plates, and
An external electrode terminal (1) protruding outward from the sealing plate (3), a battery inner side from the sealing plate (3), and a battery outer side from the current collecting tab member (9); and A diaphragm (6) that is electrically connected to the external electrode terminal (1) and deforms to the outside of the battery when the battery internal pressure rises, and a central portion is connected to the battery inner surface of the diaphragm (6) And a peripheral portion thereof connected to the current collecting tab member (9) positioned below the diaphragm (6), and is broken when the diaphragm is deformed and lifted to break the passage of electricity to the diaphragm (6). And a current collection tab holder (7) into which a part of the current collection tab member (9) is inserted, wherein the current collection tab member (9) is the fragile Plate-like insertion part (9a) having a part and said one A current collector plate connection portion (9b) connected to the current plate, the current collector tab holder (7) is insulative, and an insertion portion (9a) of the current collector tab member (9) is inserted The tab receiving portion (7a), and the fragile portion with the insertion portion (9a) being inserted into both the battery inner side and the battery outer side of the tab receiving portion (7a). A holder hole (7c) is formed to overlap the portion, and the diaphragm (6) is disposed outside the battery of the tab receiving portion (7a) so as to cover the holder hole (7c), and The bottom surface of the central portion is connected to the weakened portion through the holder hole (7c) so as to be energized (first aspect of the present invention).
上記構成における脆弱部は、板状の挿入部（９ａ）の一部を破壊されやすく構成した部分であり、ダイアフラム（６）の変形に伴ってこの脆弱部が破壊されて、集電タブ部材（９）と外部電極端子（１）との通電が遮断される。この脆弱部は、板の一部に一体成形的に厚みを薄くした部分を形成したものでもよく、また板状の挿入部（９ａ）に貫通孔（９ｃ）を形成し、この貫通孔（９ｃ）を金属薄膜で蓋したものであってもよい（後者を本発明第２態様とする）し、他の方法で脆弱部を設けてもよい。 The weak part in the said structure is a part which comprised a part of plate-shaped insertion part (9a) easily, and this weak part was destroyed with deformation | transformation of a diaphragm (6), and current collection tab member ( 9) and the external electrode terminal (1) are cut off. The fragile portion may be formed by forming a portion with a reduced thickness integrally with a part of the plate, or forming a through hole (9c) in the plate-like insertion portion (9a). ) May be covered with a metal thin film (the latter is the second aspect of the present invention), or the fragile portion may be provided by other methods.
これらの構成を、図１〜５を参照して説明する。図４に示すように、この電池は、電池内圧が上昇したときに変形しその中央部分が電池外方側に浮き上がるダイアフラム６と、中央部分が前記ダイアフラム６の電池内側面に接続され、その周辺が前記ダイアフラム６の下方に位置する前記集電タブ部材９に接続され、前記ダイアフラムが変形し浮き上がった時に破断してダイアフラム６への通電を遮断する脆弱部と、を備えている。 These configurations will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, this battery is deformed when the internal pressure of the battery rises, a diaphragm 6 whose central part floats outward from the battery, and a central part connected to the battery inner surface of the diaphragm 6, Is connected to the current collecting tab member 9 located below the diaphragm 6 and includes a fragile portion that breaks when the diaphragm is deformed and floats up and cuts off the power to the diaphragm 6.
それゆえ、電池内圧が上昇した時には、図４（ｂ）に示すように、ダイアフラム６の中央部分が電池外方側に浮き上がり、これにより、ダイアフラム６の中央底部に接続された脆弱部が破壊されて、集電タブ部材９からダイアフラム６への電流が遮断される。 Therefore, when the internal pressure of the battery rises, as shown in FIG. 4B, the central portion of the diaphragm 6 is lifted to the outside of the battery, whereby the fragile portion connected to the central bottom portion of the diaphragm 6 is destroyed. Thus, the current from the current collecting tab member 9 to the diaphragm 6 is interrupted.
なお、ダイアフラムとは、最も広い意味における隔離用の膜板をいう。 The diaphragm refers to a separating membrane plate in the widest sense.
上記脆弱部は、板状の挿入部９ａの一部を鍛造加工等によりその周囲よりも薄肉に加工することによって形成することができる。また、集電タブ部材９の板状の挿入部９ａに設けられた貫通孔９ｃを金属薄膜８で覆い密閉するもの（第２態様）でもよい。前者は、貫通孔９ｃを設けず、板状の挿入部９ａの一部の厚みを直接調節することにより、後者は金属薄膜の厚さを調整することにより、脆弱部の破断作動圧を任意に調整することができる。 The fragile portion can be formed by processing a part of the plate-like insertion portion 9a thinner than its surroundings by forging or the like. Moreover, the through-hole 9c provided in the plate-shaped insertion part 9a of the current collection tab member 9 may be covered with the metal thin film 8 and sealed (second mode). In the former, the through-hole 9c is not provided, and by directly adjusting the thickness of a part of the plate-like insertion portion 9a, the latter can arbitrarily set the fracture operating pressure of the fragile portion by adjusting the thickness of the metal thin film. Can be adjusted.
上記集電タブ部材９の板状の挿入部９ａは、タブ受入部７ａを有する集電タブホルダー７に挿入されて保持され、集電タブホルダー７が、集電タブ部材９の板状の挿入部９ａの薄肉部を衝撃や振動から保護する。これにより、脆弱部が衝撃等によって無用に破れて、通電が遮断（安全機構の誤作動）されるのを防止するという効果が得られる。 The plate-like insertion portion 9a of the current collecting tab member 9 is inserted and held in the current collecting tab holder 7 having the tab receiving portion 7a, and the current collecting tab holder 7 is inserted into the plate-like insertion portion of the current collecting tab member 9. The thin portion of the portion 9a is protected from impact and vibration. As a result, it is possible to obtain an effect of preventing the fragile portion from being unnecessarily broken due to an impact or the like and interrupting energization (a malfunction of the safety mechanism).
上記本発明構成にかかる非水電解質二次電池においては、前記集電タブ部材がアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金からなり、前記外部電極端子が正極端子である構成とすることができる（本発明第３態様）。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the configuration of the present invention, the current collecting tab member may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the external electrode terminal may be a positive electrode terminal (third mode of the present invention). .
アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金は、加工が容易であり、作動圧の調整がし易い。よって前記集電タブ部材の構成材料として好ましいが、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金を負極に用いると、電気的に溶解する恐れがある。よって、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金からなる集電タブ部材は正極系に使用するのが好ましく、前記外部電極端子は正極端子であるのが好ましい。なお、電流遮断機構を正極端子側に取り付ける場合、正極端子、封口板、封口体リード、正極集電体など、正極と電気的に接続する部品についても、好ましくはアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金を用いる。アルミニウム等は軽量で導電性に優れるからである。 Aluminum or aluminum alloy is easy to process and the operating pressure is easily adjusted. Therefore, although it is preferable as a constituent material of the current collecting tab member, when aluminum or an aluminum alloy is used for the negative electrode, there is a fear that it is electrically dissolved. Therefore, the current collecting tab member made of aluminum or aluminum alloy is preferably used for the positive electrode system, and the external electrode terminal is preferably a positive electrode terminal. When the current interrupting mechanism is attached to the positive electrode terminal, aluminum or an aluminum alloy is preferably used for components that are electrically connected to the positive electrode, such as a positive electrode terminal, a sealing plate, a sealing body lead, and a positive electrode current collector. This is because aluminum and the like are lightweight and excellent in conductivity.
また、上記本発明構成にかかる非水電解質二次電池においては、前記封口板（３）が、平坦面と当該平坦面より電池外方側に突き出た凸部とを有し、前記外部電極端子（１）が当該封口板の凸部から電池外方に突出し、当該外部電極端子の電池内方側端部が当該凸部の電池内側空間内に収容されている、構成とすることができる（本発明第４態様）。 Moreover, in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the above-described configuration of the present invention, the sealing plate (3) has a flat surface and a convex portion protruding outward from the flat surface, and the external electrode terminal (1) can protrude from the convex portion of the sealing plate to the outside of the battery, and the battery inner side end portion of the external electrode terminal can be accommodated in the battery inner space of the convex portion ( Fourth aspect of the present invention).
大型電池などでは外部電極端子が突出する側の電池外表面側は、電圧検知用ケーブル、温度検知用ケーブル等の電装部品を設置したり、セル冷却用流路，ガス排出弁作動時のガス排気用流路などを設置するスペースとして利用される。よって、上記外表面側はこのような利用ができるようにしておくことが重要である。上記構成であると、このような利用スペースを確保することができると共に、電池内側の空間体積を増加させることができる。この増加した電池内側空間（凸部空間）に少なくとも外部電極端子の電池内方側端部を収容することにより、電池本体である電極体の収容空間をより多く確保できる。これにより、電池容量を増加させることが可能となる。 For large batteries, etc., on the battery outer surface side where the external electrode terminals protrude, electrical components such as voltage detection cables and temperature detection cables are installed, and gas exhaust when the cell cooling flow path and gas discharge valve are activated It is used as a space for installing a flow path for the use. Therefore, it is important that the outer surface side can be used in this way. With such a configuration, such a use space can be secured and the space volume inside the battery can be increased. By accommodating at least the battery inner side end portion of the external electrode terminal in the increased battery inner space (convex space), it is possible to secure more space for accommodating the electrode body as the battery body. Thereby, the battery capacity can be increased.
また、上記本発明構成にかかる非水電解質二次電池においては、前記外装缶に収容された電極体が、正負極が渦巻状に巻回されてなる渦巻電極体であり、前記外装缶の缶軸方向に対し横向きに収納されており、前記集電タブ部材（９）の集電板接続部（９ｂ）が、当該渦巻電極体の一方端面から突出した一方集電板群（１０ａ）に接続されている構成とすることができる（本発明第５態様）。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the above-described configuration of the present invention, the electrode body accommodated in the outer can is a spiral electrode body in which positive and negative electrodes are wound in a spiral shape, and the outer can can The current collecting tab connecting portion (9b) of the current collecting tab member (9) is connected to one current collecting plate group (10a) protruding from one end face of the spiral electrode body. (5th aspect of the present invention).
この構成であると、単位体積あたりの電池容量が高まるとともに、集電タブ部材を電極体に取り付け易い。 With this configuration, the battery capacity per unit volume increases, and the current collecting tab member can be easily attached to the electrode body.
また、上記本発明第５態様の非水電解質二次電池においては、前記集電タブ部材（９）の集電板接続部（９ｂ）が、渦巻電極体の一方端面から突出した一方集電板群（１０ａ）を挟みこむ構造である構成とすることができる（本発明第６態様）。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the current collecting plate connecting portion (9b) of the current collecting tab member (9) is protruded from one end face of the spiral electrode body. It can be set as the structure which is the structure which pinches | interposes a group (10a) (this invention 6th aspect).
この構成であると、集電タブ部材を渦巻電極体に簡便に接続でき、しかも電流取り出し効率が高い。 With this configuration, the current collecting tab member can be easily connected to the spiral electrode body, and the current extraction efficiency is high.
また、上記本発明第６態様の非水電解質二次電池においては、前記集電タブホルダー（７）が、絶縁性樹脂からなる構成とすることができる（本発明第７態様）。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the current collecting tab holder (7) can be made of an insulating resin (the seventh aspect of the present invention).
この構成であると、樹脂が適度な弾性を有するため、容易に絶縁性と耐衝撃性を高めることができる。このような絶縁性樹脂として、ポリプロピレン、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、テトラフルオロエチレンとパーフルオロアルコキシエチレンとの共重合体等を用いることができる。 With this configuration, since the resin has appropriate elasticity, insulation and impact resistance can be easily increased. As such an insulating resin, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkoxyethylene, or the like can be used.
また、上記本発明各構成にかかる非水電解質二次電池においては、外部電極端子（１）の内部には、電池内方側の端部から他方端に向かう軸心方向に沿う縦孔（１ａ）と、電池外に開放された開口を有しかつ前記軸心方向孔と連通した横孔（１ｂ）と、からなる圧力逃がし孔が形成されている構成とすることができる（本発明第８態様）。 Further, in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to each configuration of the present invention, the external electrode terminal (1) has a vertical hole (1a) extending in the axial direction from the inner end to the other end of the battery. ) And a lateral hole (1b) having an opening opened to the outside of the battery and communicating with the axial hole, the pressure relief hole can be formed (the eighth invention). Embodiment).
この構成であると、封口体リード５とダイアフラム６で形成される空間の圧力は、ダイアフラムが変形しても常に電池外部気圧と等しくなるので、電池内圧上昇によるダイアフラムの変形が容易になる。 With this configuration, the pressure in the space formed by the sealing body lead 5 and the diaphragm 6 is always equal to the battery external pressure even when the diaphragm is deformed, so that the diaphragm can be easily deformed due to an increase in the battery internal pressure.
また、上記本発明各構成にかかる非水電解質二次電池においては、前記封口板が、ガス排出弁を更に備え、前記遮断箔の作動圧力が、前記ガス排出弁の作動圧力よりも小さい、構成とすることができる（本発明第９態様）。 Moreover, in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to each of the above-described configurations of the present invention, the sealing plate further includes a gas discharge valve, and the operating pressure of the shielding foil is smaller than the operating pressure of the gas discharge valve (Ninth aspect of the present invention).
ガス排出弁を更に備える構成とすると、電流遮断機構と協働して、更に電池の安全性を高めることができるが、安全性向上の観点から、金属薄膜の破断圧力を、ガス排出弁のガス排出圧力よりも小さくすることが好ましい。なお、金属薄膜は電流遮断機構を構成する主要部材の１つである。 If the structure further includes a gas discharge valve, the safety of the battery can be further enhanced in cooperation with the current interruption mechanism, but from the viewpoint of improving safety, the breaking pressure of the metal thin film is changed to the gas of the gas discharge valve. It is preferable to make it smaller than the discharge pressure. The metal thin film is one of the main members constituting the current interruption mechanism.
また、上記本発明各構成にかかる非水電解質二次電池においては、前記外装缶が、角形の外装缶である構成とすることができる（本発明第１０態様）。 Moreover, in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to each configuration of the present invention, the outer can can be a rectangular outer can (the tenth aspect of the present invention).
角形の外装缶を用いた電池であると、効率よく電池を直列に接続することができるので好ましい。 A battery using a square outer can is preferable because the batteries can be efficiently connected in series.
以上説明したように、本発明によると、電流遮断機構を備えた非水電解質二次電池の耐衝撃性能を格段に向上させることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the impact resistance performance of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with the current interruption mechanism can be remarkably improved.
以下に、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。
〔実施の形態１〕
図１は本発明電池の断面図であり、図２は本発明電池の要部拡大断面図であり、図３は本発明電池の解体斜視図であり、図４は本発明電池のダイアフラムの動作を示す図であり、図５は本発明にかかる集電タブホルダーの説明図であり、図６は本発明電池の要部拡大断面図である。
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the battery of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the battery of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a disassembled perspective view of the battery of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a current collecting tab holder according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the battery of the present invention.
本発明電池は、図１に示すように、外装缶１１内に、正負極が渦巻状に巻回されてなる渦巻電極体１０が外装缶の缶軸方向に対し横向きに収納されており、封口板３により外装缶の開口が封口されている。また、封口板３には、ガス排出弁が形成されている。また、封口板から電池の外方に突出した正極外部端子１と負極外部端子とを備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the battery of the present invention has a spiral electrode body 10 in which positive and negative electrodes are wound in a spiral shape in an outer can 11, and is stored sideways with respect to the can axis direction of the outer can. The opening of the outer can is sealed by the plate 3. The sealing plate 3 is formed with a gas discharge valve. Moreover, the positive electrode external terminal 1 and the negative electrode external terminal which protruded outward of the battery from the sealing plate are provided.
図３に示すように、電極体１０の一方端面から突出した正極集電板群１０ａには、集電タブ部材９の集電板接続部９ｂが接続されている。なお、正極集電板群１０ａは、電極体１０の一方端面から突出した複数の正極集電板を束ねたものである。 As shown in FIG. 3, the current collector plate connection portion 9 b of the current collector tab member 9 is connected to the positive electrode current collector plate group 10 a protruding from one end face of the electrode body 10. The positive current collector plate group 10 a is a bundle of a plurality of positive current collector plates protruding from one end face of the electrode body 10.
図２に示すように、外部正極端子１は、ガスケット２、絶縁板４および封口体リード５を封口板３に嵌め付けている。ガスケット２は絶縁性樹脂からなり、外部正極端子１と封口板３とを電気的に絶縁し、絶縁板４は絶縁性樹脂からなり、封口板３と封口体リード５とを電気的に絶縁している。外部正極端子１と封口体リード５は電気的に接続されている。封口体リード５とダイアフラム６は接続部分の気密を保つように接続されており、これによりダイアフラム６と外部正極端子１とが電気的に接続されている。絶縁性樹脂としては、ポリプロピレン、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、テトラフルオロエチレンとパーフルオロアルコキシエチレンとの共重合体等を用いることができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the external positive terminal 1 has a gasket 2, an insulating plate 4, and a sealing body lead 5 fitted on the sealing plate 3. The gasket 2 is made of an insulating resin to electrically insulate the external positive terminal 1 and the sealing plate 3, and the insulating plate 4 is made of an insulating resin to electrically insulate the sealing plate 3 and the sealing body lead 5. ing. The external positive terminal 1 and the sealing body lead 5 are electrically connected. The sealing body lead 5 and the diaphragm 6 are connected so as to maintain the airtightness of the connection portion, whereby the diaphragm 6 and the external positive terminal 1 are electrically connected. As the insulating resin, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkoxyethylene, or the like can be used.
図２及び図４（ａ）に示すように、ダイアフラム６の電池内側面の中央部分には、金属薄膜８の中央部分が電気的に接続されている。また、金属薄膜８の周辺部分は、ダイアフラム６の下方に位置する集電タブ部材９の挿入部９ａに設けられた貫通孔９ｃを覆うように取り付けられている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4A, the central portion of the metal thin film 8 is electrically connected to the central portion of the inner surface of the battery of the diaphragm 6. Further, the peripheral portion of the metal thin film 8 is attached so as to cover a through hole 9 c provided in the insertion portion 9 a of the current collecting tab member 9 positioned below the diaphragm 6.
なお、すでに述べたように、貫通孔９ｃを金属薄膜８で覆い密閉する方式ではなく、板状の挿入部９ａの板自体の一部を鍛造加工や切削などによりその周囲よりも薄肉に加工して薄肉部となす方式でもよい。脆弱部はその強度（具体的には、例えば金属薄膜の場合は厚さ）を調整することによって、破断に到る作動圧を調整する部位であり、破壊前には電極体側の密閉状態を維持でき、ダイアフラムが変形したときには、他の部位に先駆けて破壊するものである。 As described above, the through hole 9c is not covered with the metal thin film 8 and sealed, but a part of the plate itself of the plate-like insertion portion 9a is processed to be thinner than its surroundings by forging or cutting. And a method of forming a thin portion. The fragile part is a part that adjusts its working pressure (specifically, for example, the thickness in the case of a metal thin film) to adjust the working pressure that leads to breakage, and maintains the sealed state on the electrode body side before breakage Yes, when the diaphragm is deformed, it breaks ahead of other parts.
図３、図５に示すように、集電タブ９の挿入部９ａは、集電タブホルダー７のタブ受入部７ａに挿入され、当該集電タブホルダー７には、当該タブ受入部７ａの電池内方側及び電池外方側の双方の面には、前記挿入部９ｂが挿入された状態で前記貫通孔９ｃと重なり合う、前記貫通孔９ｃと同等以上の面積を有するホルダー穴７ｃが形成されている。この集電タブ部材９は、電極体１０の正極集電板群１０ａと接続した集電板接続部９ｂと、集電タブホルダー７のタブ受入部７ａに挿入される挿入部９ａとを備えている。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the insertion portion 9 a of the current collecting tab 9 is inserted into the tab receiving portion 7 a of the current collecting tab holder 7, and the battery of the tab receiving portion 7 a is inserted into the current collecting tab holder 7. Holder holes 7c having an area equal to or larger than the through hole 9c are formed on both the inner side and the outer side of the battery so as to overlap the through hole 9c in a state where the insertion portion 9b is inserted. Yes. The current collecting tab member 9 includes a current collecting plate connecting portion 9 b connected to the positive current collecting plate group 10 a of the electrode body 10 and an insertion portion 9 a inserted into the tab receiving portion 7 a of the current collecting tab holder 7. Yes.
また、外部正極端子１の内部には、図４、図６に示すように、電池内方側の端部から他方端に向かう軸心方向に沿う縦孔１ａと、電池外に開放された開口を有しかつ前記軸心方向孔と連通した横孔１ｂと、からなる圧力逃がし穴が形成されている。この横孔１ｂは、一方端のみが開口している構造であってもよい。 In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the external positive electrode terminal 1 has a vertical hole 1 a extending in the axial direction from the end on the battery inner side toward the other end, and an opening opened to the outside of the battery. And a pressure relief hole formed by a lateral hole 1b communicating with the axial hole. The horizontal hole 1b may have a structure in which only one end is opened.
図４に、本発明にかかる電池のダイアフラムの動作を示す。電池内圧が通常時には、図４（ａ）に示すように、集電タブ部材９から金属薄膜８を経由してダイアフラム６に電流が流れる。この一方、電池内圧が上昇した時には、図４（ｂ）に示すように、ダイアフラム６の中央部分が電池外方側に浮き上がり、これに接続された金属薄膜８が引きちぎられるように破断して、集電タブ部材９からダイアフラム６への電流が遮断される。 FIG. 4 shows the operation of the battery diaphragm according to the present invention. When the internal pressure of the battery is normal, current flows from the current collecting tab member 9 to the diaphragm 6 via the metal thin film 8 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the battery internal pressure rises, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the central portion of the diaphragm 6 is lifted outward from the battery, and the metal thin film 8 connected thereto is broken so as to be torn off, The current from the current collecting tab member 9 to the diaphragm 6 is interrupted.
上記構造では、この集電タブホルダー７が、集電タブ部材９の板状の挿入部９ａに取り付けられた上記金属薄膜８を衝撃や振動から保護する。よって、衝撃が加わった時に誤って金属薄膜８が破断してしまうことがない。 In the above structure, the current collecting tab holder 7 protects the metal thin film 8 attached to the plate-like insertion portion 9a of the current collecting tab member 9 from impact and vibration. Therefore, the metal thin film 8 is not accidentally broken when an impact is applied.
次に、本発明電池の電流遮断機構の組み立て方法を、図３を用いて説明する。まず、渦巻電極体を作製する。このとき、正極集電板が一方の端部から、負極集電板が他方の端部から突出するように配する。 Next, a method for assembling the current interruption mechanism of the battery of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, a spiral electrode body is produced. At this time, it arrange | positions so that a positive electrode current collecting plate may protrude from one edge part, and a negative electrode current collecting plate may protrude from the other edge part.
次に、封口板３の電池の外面になる側から、ポリエーテルエーテルケトンからなるガスケット２とアルミニウムからなる正極外部端子１とを、電池の内面になる側からポリエーテルエーテルケトンからなる絶縁板４とアルミニウムからなる封口体リード５とを重ね合わせる。外部電極端子１の下方の筒部１ｃはガスケット２、封口板３、絶縁板４、封口体リード５の穴を貫通する様になる。 Next, the gasket 2 made of polyetheretherketone and the positive electrode external terminal 1 made of aluminum are connected from the side of the sealing plate 3 which becomes the outer surface of the battery, and the insulating plate 4 made of polyetheretherketone from the side which becomes the inner surface of the battery. And a sealing body lead 5 made of aluminum. The cylindrical portion 1 c below the external electrode terminal 1 passes through the holes of the gasket 2, the sealing plate 3, the insulating plate 4, and the sealing body lead 5.
上記の重ね合わせた部材をガスケット２、絶縁板４が所定の圧縮率を得られるまで上下より圧縮し、外部電極端子１の下方の筒部１ｃを外側に広げ（かしめ加工）、固定する。 The above overlapped members are compressed from above and below until the gasket 2 and the insulating plate 4 obtain a predetermined compression ratio, and the cylindrical portion 1c below the external electrode terminal 1 is expanded outward (caulking) and fixed.
アルミニウムからなる封口体リード５のフランジ部５ａにアルミニウム合金からなるダイアフラム６を重ね、接する部分をダイアフラム６側から連続的にレーザ溶接を行い、密閉する。 A diaphragm 6 made of an aluminum alloy is stacked on the flange portion 5a of the sealing body lead 5 made of aluminum, and the contacting portion is continuously laser-welded from the diaphragm 6 side to be sealed.
アルミニウムからなる正極集電タブ部材９の挿入部９ａの段付き貫通孔９ｃにアルミニウムからなる金属薄膜８を重ね、接する部分を超音波溶接する。 The metal thin film 8 made of aluminum is placed on the stepped through hole 9c of the insertion portion 9a of the positive electrode current collecting tab member 9 made of aluminum, and the contacting portion is ultrasonically welded.
正極集電タブ部材９の挿入部９ａをポリエーテルエーテルケトンからなる集電タブホルダー７のタブ受入部７ａに挿入する。タブ受入部７ａは挿入部９ａと同寸法より極僅かだけ大きい形状であり、挿入すると集電タブホルダー７と正極集電タブ部材９とが固定される。 The insertion portion 9a of the positive electrode current collecting tab member 9 is inserted into the tab receiving portion 7a of the current collecting tab holder 7 made of polyetheretherketone. The tab receiving portion 7a has a shape that is slightly larger than the same size as the insertion portion 9a. When the tab receiving portion 7a is inserted, the current collecting tab holder 7 and the positive current collecting tab member 9 are fixed.
負極外部端子に関しても、上記と同様にガスケット、絶縁板、封口体リードを重ね合わせ、かしめ加工する。 As for the negative electrode external terminal, the gasket, the insulating plate, and the sealing body lead are overlapped and caulked in the same manner as described above.
集電タブホルダー７の固定部７ｂに絶縁板４のフック部４ａを嵌めこみ、集電タブホルダー７と絶縁板４とを固定する。この時、ダイアフラム６の中央底部６ａは集電タブホルダー７の中央穴７ｃを介して、金属薄膜８と接する。 The hook portion 4a of the insulating plate 4 is fitted into the fixing portion 7b of the current collecting tab holder 7, and the current collecting tab holder 7 and the insulating plate 4 are fixed. At this time, the center bottom portion 6 a of the diaphragm 6 is in contact with the metal thin film 8 through the center hole 7 c of the current collecting tab holder 7.
正極集電タブ部材９の金属薄膜８溶接面と反対側より、金属薄膜８にレーザスポット溶接を行い、金属薄膜８とダイアフラム６とを溶接する。これにより、電池内ガス圧が前記金属薄膜８および前記ダイアフラム６の電池内方面に作用する。 Laser spot welding is performed on the metal thin film 8 from the side opposite to the metal thin film 8 welding surface of the positive electrode current collecting tab member 9, and the metal thin film 8 and the diaphragm 6 are welded. Thereby, the gas pressure in the battery acts on the inner surfaces of the metal thin film 8 and the diaphragm 6.
正極集電タブ部材９の芯体集束部に電極体１０の正極集電板群１０ａを挿入し、集電板接続部９ｂをかしめて正極集電板群１０ａを拘束し、集電板接続部９ｂ側面部よりレーザ溶接を行い、正極集電タブ部材９と電極体１０とを接続する。負極についても同様に負極集電タブを接続する。 A positive current collector plate group 10a of the electrode body 10 is inserted into the core collecting portion of the positive current collector tab member 9, and the current collector plate connecting portion 9b is clamped to restrain the positive current collector plate group 10a. Laser welding is performed from the side surface portion 9b, and the positive electrode current collecting tab member 9 and the electrode body 10 are connected. Similarly, the negative electrode current collecting tab is connected to the negative electrode.
封口板３と外装缶１１とをレーザ溶接し、封口板上に設けた注液孔より非水電解液を注液し、封止栓により注液孔を封止する。これにより本発明電池が完成する。 The sealing plate 3 and the outer can 11 are laser welded, a non-aqueous electrolyte is injected from a liquid injection hole provided on the sealing plate, and the liquid injection hole is sealed with a sealing plug. Thereby, the battery of the present invention is completed.
この構造の本発明電池５個について、加速度４９〜５９ｍ／ｓ2、周波数１０〜１５Ｈｚの振動を各軸方向に２００万回加える振動試験を行った。また別の本発明電池５個について、９８ｍ／ｓ2の加速度を各軸方向に１０回加える衝撃試験を行った。この結果、いずれの試験について異常が無いことが確認された。 A vibration test in which vibrations with an acceleration of 49 to 59 m / s 2 and a frequency of 10 to 15 Hz were applied 2 million times in each axial direction was performed on five batteries of the present invention having this structure. Further, another five batteries of the present invention were subjected to an impact test in which an acceleration of 98 m / s 2 was applied 10 times in each axial direction. As a result, it was confirmed that there was no abnormality in any test.
〔実施の形態２〕
本発明電池の他の構成としては、図７、８に示す形態を採用することができる。図７は、実施の形態２の電池全体の正面図であり、図８は、図７に示す電池の主要部を拡大した拡大右側面図である。
[Embodiment 2]
As another configuration of the battery of the present invention, the forms shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be adopted. FIG. 7 is a front view of the entire battery of Embodiment 2, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged right side view in which the main part of the battery shown in FIG. 7 is enlarged.
実施の形態２の電池は、図７に示すように、外部電極端子１を突出させる封口板３の一部分のみに、封口板を電池外方に突出させた凸部１２を形成する。そして、この凸部１２の電池内部側の空間に外部電極端子１の端部（根元側）を収容し、先端側をこの凸部１２から電池外方に突出させる。外部電極端子１の根元側の端部は、図８に示すようにカシメられており、これにより外部電極端子１が封口板３に固定される。 In the battery of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a convex portion 12 in which the sealing plate protrudes outward from the battery is formed only on a part of the sealing plate 3 from which the external electrode terminal 1 protrudes. And the edge part (root side) of the external electrode terminal 1 is accommodated in the space inside the battery of this convex part 12, and the front end side is protruded from the convex part 12 to the outside of the battery. The end portion on the base side of the external electrode terminal 1 is crimped as shown in FIG. 8, whereby the external electrode terminal 1 is fixed to the sealing plate 3.
ここで、図７の符号１３は電装やガス流路用として使用されるスペースを示し、符号１４は電流遮断機構の一部ないし全部を組み込むスペース、符号１５は電極体を収容するスペースを示している。なお、図７、８においては、実施の形態１に示した部材と同様な機能を有する部材に同一の符号数字を付してある。また、凸部を有する封口板を用いたこと以外の事項に関しては、基本的に上記実施の形態１と同様であるのでその説明を省略する。 Here, reference numeral 13 in FIG. 7 indicates a space used for electrical equipment and gas flow paths, reference numeral 14 indicates a space for incorporating a part or all of the current interruption mechanism, and reference numeral 15 indicates a space for accommodating the electrode body. Yes. 7 and 8, members having the same functions as those shown in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals. Further, since matters other than the use of the sealing plate having the convex portions are basically the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
一般に大型電池では、図７の符号１３部分は電圧検知用ケーブル、温度検知用ケーブル等の電装部品を設置したり、セル冷却用流路，ガス排出弁作動時のガス排気用流路などを設置するスペースとして利用される。したがって、外部電極端子１は、このような利用スペースを邪魔しない状態に設置されることが好ましい。この実施の形態２では、外部電極端子１を突出させる封口板３の一部分のみに凸部を形成し、当該凸部から外部電極端子を突出させると共に、凸部の電池内部側空間を外部電極端子１の根元側端部を収容する空間として使用する。よって、電池外表面を有効活用できると共に、電極体１０の収容容積を大きく確保できるという効果が得られ、電極体１０を大きくすることにより、電池容量を増加させることが可能となる。 In general, for large batteries, reference numeral 13 in FIG. 7 is provided with electrical components such as a voltage detection cable and a temperature detection cable, a cell cooling channel, and a gas exhaust channel when the gas discharge valve is operated. Used as a space to play. Therefore, it is preferable that the external electrode terminal 1 be installed in a state that does not disturb such a use space. In the second embodiment, a convex portion is formed only on a part of the sealing plate 3 from which the external electrode terminal 1 protrudes, the external electrode terminal protrudes from the convex portion, and the battery internal space of the convex portion is external electrode terminal. It is used as a space for accommodating one base side end. Therefore, it is possible to effectively utilize the outer surface of the battery, and to obtain an effect that a large accommodation volume of the electrode body 10 can be secured. By increasing the electrode body 10, the battery capacity can be increased.
なお、図７では一方極（好ましくは正極）の電池外部端子のみが凸部から突出しており、他方極（図７左側の端子）は平坦面から電池外方に突出させているが、正負両極の電池外部端子とも凸部から突出させる構造とすることもできる。 In FIG. 7, only the battery external terminal of one electrode (preferably positive electrode) protrudes from the convex portion, and the other electrode (terminal on the left side of FIG. 7) protrudes outward from the flat surface. The battery external terminal can be made to protrude from the convex portion.
以上説明したように、本発明によると、耐衝撃性、耐振動性に優れた電流遮断機構を備えた非水電解質二次電池を実現できるので、産業上の意義は大きい。 As described above, according to the present invention, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a current interrupting mechanism excellent in impact resistance and vibration resistance can be realized, and therefore, industrial significance is great.
１ 外部正極端子
２ ガスケット
３ 封口板
４ 絶縁板
５ 封口体リード
６ ダイアフラム
７ 集電タブホルダー
７ａ タブ受入部
７ｂ 固定部
７ｃ ホルダー穴
８ 金属薄膜
９ 集電タブ部材
９ａ 挿入部
９ｂ 集電板接続部
９ｃ 貫通孔
１０ 電極体
１１ 外装缶
１２ 封口板凸部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 External positive electrode terminal 2 Gasket 3 Sealing plate 4 Insulating plate 5 Sealing body lead 6 Diaphragm 7 Current collection tab holder 7a Tab receiving part 7b Fixing part 7c Holder hole 8 Metal thin film 9 Current collection tab member 9a Insertion part 9b Current collection plate connection part 9c Through-hole 10 Electrode body 11 Exterior can 12 Sealing plate convex part
Claims (7)
前記外装缶に収容された、正負集電板をそれぞれ備える正負極を有してなる電極体と、
前記開口を封口する封口板と、
前記正負極の何れか一方の集電板に電気的に接続された集電タブ部材と、
前記封口板より外方に突出した外部電極端子と、
前記封口板より電池内方側で前記集電タブ部材より電池外方側に設けられ、かつ前記外部電極端子に電気的に接続されており、電池内圧が上昇したときに電池外方側に変形するダイアフラムと、
前記外部電極端子と前記ダイアフラムとを電気的に接続する封口体リードと、
前記封口板と前記封口体リードの間に介在する第１絶縁部材と、
前記ダイアフラムと前記集電タブ部材の間に介在する第２絶縁部材と、を備え、
前記第２絶縁部材は貫通孔を有し、前記貫通孔を介して前記ダイアフラムと前記集電タブ部材が接続されており、
前記第１絶縁部材は、本体部から電池内部方向に延びる対向する一対の第１側壁部を有し、
前記第２絶縁部材は、本体部から電池外部方向に延びる対向する一対の第２側壁部を有し、
前記第１側壁部と前記第２側壁部が接続されることにより、前記第１絶縁部材と前記第２絶縁部材が固定されている、非水電解質二次電池。 A rectangular outer can having an opening;
An electrode body having positive and negative electrodes each provided with a positive and negative current collector plate housed in the outer can,
A sealing plate for sealing the opening;
A current collecting tab member electrically connected to any one of the positive and negative current collecting plates;
An external electrode terminal protruding outward from the sealing plate;
Provided on the battery inner side from the sealing plate and on the battery outer side from the current collecting tab member, and electrically connected to the external electrode terminal, and deformed to the battery outer side when the battery internal pressure rises With a diaphragm
A sealing body lead for electrically connecting the external electrode terminal and the diaphragm;
A first insulating member interposed between the sealing plate and the sealing body lead;
A second insulating member interposed between the diaphragm and the current collecting tab member,
The second insulating member has a through hole, and the diaphragm and the current collecting tab member are connected via the through hole,
The first insulating member has a pair of opposing first side wall portions extending in the battery internal direction from the main body portion,
The second insulating member has a pair of opposing second side wall portions extending in the battery exterior direction from the main body portion,
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the first insulating member and the second insulating member are fixed by connecting the first side wall and the second side wall.
前記第１側壁部の外面側に前記第２側壁部が位置する、非水電解質二次電池。 The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1,
The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the second side wall portion is located on the outer surface side of the first side wall portion.
前記第１側壁部の外面側には凸部が形成され、前記第２側壁部には前記凸部が嵌り込む固定部が設けられており、前記凸部と前記固定部が嵌合することにより、前記第１側壁部と前記第２側壁部が接続されている、非水電解質二次電池。 The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 or 2,
A convex part is formed on the outer surface side of the first side wall part, and a fixing part into which the convex part is fitted is provided on the second side wall part. By fitting the convex part and the fixing part, A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the first side wall and the second side wall are connected.
前記封口体リードは、前記封口板と平行な領域と、前記封口板と平行な領域の周縁から電池内部側に延びる筒状部とを有し、
前記ダイアフラムの周縁は前記封口体リードにおける前記筒状部の電池内部側端部に接続されている、非水電解質二次電池。 The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The sealing body lead has a region parallel to the sealing plate and a cylindrical portion extending from the periphery of the region parallel to the sealing plate to the inside of the battery,
A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which a peripheral edge of the diaphragm is connected to a battery inner side end portion of the cylindrical portion in the sealing body lead.
前記集電タブ部材がアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金からなり、
前記外部電極端子が正極端子である、非水電解質二次電池。 The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The current collecting tab member is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, wherein the external electrode terminal is a positive electrode terminal.
前記外装缶に収容された電極体は、正負極が渦巻状に巻回されてなる渦巻電極体であり、
前記外装缶の缶軸方向に対し横向きに収容されている、非水電解質二次電池。 The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The electrode body housed in the outer can is a spiral electrode body in which positive and negative electrodes are spirally wound,
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is accommodated transversely to the can axis direction of the outer can.
前記封口板は、ガス排出弁を更に備え、前記ガス排出弁の作動圧力より小さい作動圧力で、前記ダイアフラムが電池外方側に変形する、非水電解質二次電池。 The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The sealing plate further includes a gas discharge valve, and the diaphragm is deformed outward from the battery at an operating pressure smaller than the operating pressure of the gas discharge valve.
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