JP2012207370A - Groove forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a groove forming device simple in structure and adaptable to soil having various characters.SOLUTION: A groove forming device 11 comprises: a work machine attachment part 18; a Russel part 19 having a front side sharpened in the groove forming direction below the work machine attachment part 18; and an earth and sand elimination part 20. The earth and sand elimination part includes: an earth and sand inlet part 27 surrounded by a pair of side plates 25 arranged opposite to each other at the same interval as the width size of the Russel part and a lower part connection plate 26a connecting the lower ends of the pair of side plates, and opened on the front side in the groove forming direction; an earth and sand outlet part 28 surrounded by the pair of side plates and a rear part connection plate 26b connecting the pair of side plates behind the Russel part, and opened upward; and an earth and sand guide 26c for guiding earth and sand coming from the earth and sand inlet part into the earth and sand elimination part to the earth and sand outlet part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a groove forming apparatus, and more particularly to a groove forming apparatus for forming a groove for burying a culvert tube in the ground of a farm field or the like.

  Conventionally, when burial pipes (underdrain drainage pipes) for forming drainage culverts in poorly drained land have been dug and formed by trenchers corresponding to the pipe outer diameter. It has been broken. This trencher spans a chain with multiple cutting blades between the upper drive wheel and the lower guide roller, and rotates the chain to cut the earth and sand with the cutting blade to form a groove. And it has the structure which discharges the cut earth and sand outside a groove | channel (for example, refer patent document 1). Moreover, a groove | channel is also formed by cutting open earth and sand by the Russell part which the groove | channel formation direction front side sharpened (for example, refer patent document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-252097 JP-A-2005-194828

  However, the trencher has a problem that the structure is complicated and expensive, and maintenance is troublesome. In addition, in the case where the earth and sand are cut open at the Russell part, depending on the groove width and soil quality, the side wall of the groove is strongly compressed, and the water permeability of the earth and sand around the groove may be lowered.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a groove forming apparatus having a simple structure and adaptable to various soil types.

  In order to achieve the above object, a groove forming apparatus of the present invention is a groove forming apparatus for forming a groove for burying a culvert tube in the ground, and includes a work machine mounting portion mounted on a work machine capable of traveling. A raschel portion that is continuously provided below the work implement mounting portion and has a sharpened front side in the groove forming direction, and a sediment removal portion that is continuously provided below the raschel portion, and the sediment removal portion includes the raschel An earth and sand entrance portion that is surrounded by a pair of side plates opposed to each other at the same interval as the width of the rear end of the portion and a lower connecting plate that connects the lower ends of the pair of side plates, and whose front side in the groove forming direction is open; And a sand outlet portion surrounded by a pair of side plates and a rear connecting plate connecting the rear ends of the pair of side plates at the rear of the Russell portion, and an upper portion of the earth and sand outlet portion being open, and removing sediment from the earth and sand inlet portion. The earth and sand guide that guides the earth and sand that entered the club to the earth and sand outlet It is characterized in that is e.

  Furthermore, in the groove forming apparatus of the present invention, the earth and sand guide is an inclined surface that rises from the lower end of the earth and sand inlet part toward the rear end of the earth and sand outlet part, and the earth and sand guide extends from the earth and sand inlet part. It is a sediment transport means for transporting the sediment that has entered the sediment removal section toward the sediment exit section. The distance between the pair of side plates is such that the earth and sand outlet part side is wider than the earth and sand inlet part side, and the height of the Russell part when inserted into the ground is in the range of 15 to 25 cm. The height of the earth and sand entrance portion is set in a range of 35 to 45 cm, and the distance between the pair of side plates in the earth and sand entrance portion is set in a range of 15 to 25 cm. Furthermore, the earth and sand outlet part is provided with a discharging means for discharging the earth and sand discharged from the earth and sand outlet part to the side surface of the groove.

  According to the groove forming apparatus of the present invention, when forming the groove for embedding the culvert pipe, the portion of the earth and sand that forms the groove is discharged from the earth and sand outlet portion through the earth and sand outlet portion, Without compressing the side wall, water permeability around the groove can be secured, underground irrigation (drainage, water supply) of the field using a culvert tube can be performed reliably, and water supply to the field is small Can be done effectively.

It is a perspective view which shows the 1st example of a groove | channel formation apparatus of this invention. It is a side view of a groove forming device. It is a top view of a groove formation device similarly. It is IV-IV sectional drawing of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the use condition of a groove | channel formation apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd form example of the groove | channel formation apparatus of this invention. It is a side view of a groove forming device. It is a side view which shows the 3rd example of a groove | channel formation apparatus of this invention. It is a front view of a groove forming device. It is a top view of a groove formation device similarly. It is a bottom view of a groove forming apparatus. It is XII-XII sectional drawing of FIG.

  The groove forming apparatus 11 shown in the present embodiment is a work machine capable of traveling, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a lower portion of the earth removing plate 13 of the bulldozer 12, or as described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, The position of the farm 14 is set in advance by detachably attaching to the tip of the work arm, and further on various work machines such as a tractor, and by running the work machine and operating the work arm. In addition, a groove 15 for embedding a culvert pipe having a preset width and depth is formed. The groove forming device 11 is provided as necessary depending on conditions such as an attachment state to the work machine and an attachment position. It is attached to the work machine via an attachment 16 formed in an appropriate shape.

  The groove forming device 11 includes a work implement mounting portion 18 fixed to the attachment 16 by a fixing pin 17, a raschel portion 19 continuously provided below the work implement mounting portion 18, and a lower portion of the raschel portion 19. And an earth and sand exclusion unit 20 provided. Russell portion 19 is provided between a rectangular upper plate 21 and a lower plate 22 arranged in the horizontal direction, a pair of swash plates 23 provided in a state where the front side in the groove forming direction is sharpened, The transverse section is formed in an isosceles triangle shape by the reinforcing member 24 in the groove width direction provided on the rear side of the swash plate 23 in the groove forming direction. The width dimension on the rear side in the groove forming direction of the raschel section 19 is set to a width dimension of the groove 15 to be formed, usually a dimension corresponding to 15 to 25 cm, or a dimension approximately 1 to 5 cm larger than the width dimension of the groove 15. Yes. Further, the opening angle of the apex portion on the front side in the groove forming direction in the raschel portion 19 is set in a range of 30 to 60 degrees, and the height of the raschel portion 19 is a dimension corresponding to the depth of the topsoil portion of the field 14; Usually, it is set in a range of 15 to 25 cm in a working state in which the groove forming device 11 is inserted into the ground.

  The earth and sand removing portion 20 is a state in which a pair of left and right side plates 25 having a fan shape in a side view in which the front side in the groove forming direction is the vertical direction and the rear side in the groove forming direction is the horizontal direction, and the arcuate outer edges of the pair of side plates 25 are closed. And the earth and sand guide plate 26 provided in the above. The pair of side plates 25 are disposed on the lower surface of the lower plate 22 so as to face each other in parallel with the direction of the groove 15, usually with the same width as the width of the rear end of the Russell portion 19.

  The earth and sand guide plate 26 includes a lower connecting plate portion 26a that connects lower ends of the pair of side plates 25 in the groove forming direction and a rear connecting plate portion that connects upper ends of the pair of side plates 25 in the groove forming direction. 26b, below the Russell portion 19, in the portion surrounded by the front end of each of the pair of side plates 25, 25, the earth and sand guide plate 26, and the lower plate 22 in the groove forming direction. A vertically long earth-and-sand entrance portion 27 that opens to the front side in the direction is formed. The height of the earth and sand entrance portion 27 is set according to the depth of the groove 15 to be formed, and is usually 35 to 45 cm, and together with the russell portion 19, it is usually dimensioned to form the groove 15 of about 60 cm. Is set.

  Further, on the rear side of the raschel portion 19, a portion surrounded by the rear upper end of the pair of side plates 25, 25, the rear upper end of the earth and sand guide plate 26, and the rear end of the lower plate 22, toward the upper side of the groove 15. A rectangular earth and sand outlet 28 that is long in the front-rear direction is formed. A portion of the earth and sand guide plate 26 having a circular arc shape when viewed from the side between the lower connecting plate portion 26a and the rear connecting plate portion 26b has entered the earth and sand removing portion 20 sandwiched between the pair of side plates 25 from the earth and sand inlet portion 27. The earth and sand guide portion 26c for guiding the earth and sand to the earth and sand outlet 28 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the groove forming device 11 formed in this way is attached to the earth removing plate 13 of the bulldozer 12 and advances the bulldozer 12 with the portion below the raschel portion 19 inserted into the ground. Thus, the soil of the topsoil portion is scraped by the Russell portion 19, the sand of the portion below the topsoil is entered from the sediment inlet portion 27 into the sediment removal portion 20, and guided to the sediment outlet portion 28 by the sediment guide portion 26 c and the sediment outlet. It can be discharged above the portion 28. This corresponds to the insertion depth of the lower connecting plate portion 26a at the lower end of the sand inlet portion 27 with a width dimension corresponding to the width W1 on the rear side in the groove forming direction in the Russell portion 19 and the outer surface width of the pair of side plates 25, 25. A groove 15 having a depth as described above can be formed.

  At this time, since the upper part of the earth and sand inlet 27 is blocked by the Russell part 19, the earth and sand that has entered from the earth and sand inlet 27 does not escape from the upper part of the earth and sand removing part 20 toward the front of the groove forming direction. The earth and sand that has entered the exclusion part 20 can be reliably guided to the earth and sand outlet part 28 by the earth and sand guide part 26 c of the earth and sand guide plate 26 and discharged from the earth and sand outlet part 28. In addition, since the pair of side plates 25 extends rearward longer than the depth of the earth and sand inlet portion 27, the groove side surface portion opened by the earth and sand inlet portion 27 is temporarily held. Thus, the side surface portion of the groove can be prevented from collapsing into the groove 15. In addition, the topsoil portion that is cut open by the Russell portion 19 ensures water permeability at the time of cultivation, and the portion below the topsoil does not compress the side wall portion of the groove 15 by removing the soil by the sediment removal unit 20, Effective underground irrigation can be performed without impairing water permeability in the ground.

  In forming the groove 15 in this way, the length of the side plates 25, 25 in the front-rear direction in the sediment removal portion 20 and the curvature of the sediment guide portion 26c of the sediment guide plate 26 serving as a sediment guide in the sediment removal portion 20 are also described. By setting the optimum length and curvature according to the soil quality of the field in which the grooves 15 are formed, the sediment removal unit 20 can effectively discharge the soil and maintain the groove shape. Further, by forming the width dimension W2 on the sediment outlet section 28 side wider than the width dimension W1 on the sediment inlet section 27 side in the sediment removal section 20, clogging due to the compression of the sediment in the sediment removal section 20 is prevented. Thus, the earth and sand can be moved more smoothly toward the earth and sand outlet 28.

  6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the groove forming apparatus of the present invention. In the following description, the same components as those of the groove forming apparatus shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The groove forming apparatus 31 shown in the present embodiment causes the Russell portion 19 and the lower plate 22 provided below the work implement mounting portion 18 to protrude forward from the front end of the earth and sand inlet portion 27 in the groove forming direction, and the earth and sand guide plate 26. The front end in the groove forming direction is also protruded forward from the front end of the earth and sand inlet 27 in the groove forming direction. Further, the earth and sand outlet portion 28 is set at the same height as the upper portion of the upper raschel portion 19 of one side plate 25a of the pair of side plates 25a and 25b, and the height of one side plate 25a is set to the other side plate 25b. It is higher than the height.

  In this way, by causing the Russell portion 19 and the lower plate 22 to protrude from the front end of the sediment entrance portion 27, the sediment entering from the sediment entrance portion 27 escapes from the top of the sediment removal portion 20 toward the front in the groove forming direction. It can prevent more reliably. Further, by changing the height of the pair of side plates 25a and 25b in the earth and sand outlet portion 28, the earth and sand discharged from the earth and sand outlet portion 28 through the earth and sand removing portion 20 is guided in the direction of the lower side plate 25b. And can be more reliably discharged to the side upper surface of the formed groove 15.

  8 to 12 show a third embodiment of the groove forming apparatus of the present invention. The groove forming apparatus 51 shown in the present embodiment is provided with a sediment removal part 53 below the rear of the Russell part 52 provided below the work implement mounting part 18. The raschel portion 52 includes a pair of swash plates 54 provided in a state where the front side in the groove forming direction is sharpened, a pair of left and right side plates 55 connected to the rear of both swash plates 54, and the rear ends of the both side plates 55 A rear plate 56 that closes the gap, a top plate 57 that closes the upper opening surrounded by the two swash plates 54, the both side plates 55, and the rear plate 56; 54, a lower plate 58 which closes a lower opening surrounded by both side plates 55 and a rear plate 56, and the lower plate 58 is smaller than the upper plate 57, and the lower pentagonal pyramid is reduced as a whole. It is formed in a trapezoidal shape.

  The earth and sand removing portion 53 is a state in which a space between the pair of left and right side plates 61 provided so as to extend rearward of the rear ends of the side plates 55 and the rear ends of the pair of side plates 61 is blocked. And an arc-shaped earth and sand discharge plate 63 provided at the upper end on the rear side of one side plate 61, and the side plate 61 is joined to the rear end of the Russell portion 52. The front side plate 61a and the rear side plate 61b joined to the rear end of the front side plate 61a are formed in such a manner that the interval between the side plates 61 is expanded upward. Yes.

  Also, the earth and sand guide plate 62 is connected to the lower connecting plate 62a that connects the lower ends in the groove forming direction of the pair of rear side plates 61b and the upper connection that connects the upper ends in the groove forming direction of the pair of rear side plates 61b. It is formed by a plate 62b and an intermediate connecting plate 62c provided between the lower connecting plate 62a and the upper connecting plate 62b. The inclination angle of the lower connecting plate 62a is an acute angle with respect to the bottom surface of the groove to be formed. The crossing direction is set, and the inclination angle of the upper connecting plate 62b is set to an angle closer to the vertical than the inclination angle of the intermediate connecting plate 62c, and the upper portion of the upper connecting plate 62b is formed so as to approach the earth and sand discharge plate 63. Yes.

  The earth and sand removing portion 53 formed in this way is directed to the front side in the groove forming direction at a portion surrounded by the lower plate 58 of the Russell portion 52, the both side surface plates 61, and the lower connecting plate 62a of the earth and sand guide plate 62. The earth and sand inlet 64 is opened, and the earth and sand outlet 65 is opened upward in a portion surrounded by the rear plate 56, the side plates 61 and the intermediate connecting plate 62c of the Russell portion 52, and the earth and sand outlet The earth and sand discharge plate 63 is disposed on the rear side of the portion 65.

  The groove forming apparatus 51 shown in the present embodiment is also used by connecting the work implement mounting portion 18 to the tip of the bulldozer discharge plate or the backhoe working arm in the same manner as the above embodiments. Is inserted into the ground, and the groove forming device 51 is advanced so that the lower end of the earth and sand entrance portion 64 is positioned in accordance with the depth of the groove formed, whereby the Russell portion 52 scrapes the earth and sand of the topsoil portion. The earth and sand that has entered the earth and sand removing part 53 from the earth and sand inlet part 64 below the Russell part 52 is discharged upward from the earth and sand outlet part 65 that opens to the rear of the raschel part 52, and the earth and sand discharge plate 63 is The earth and sand discharged from the outlet 65 is guided to the ground surface on one side of the groove (see arrow A in FIGS. 8 and 12).

  As a result, the upper surface soil portion has a shape corresponding to the outer surface shape of the both side plates 55 of the raschel portion 52 in the ground of the portion through which the groove forming device 51 has passed, and both sides of the sediment removal portion 53 are located below the raschel portion 52. A groove having a shape corresponding to the outer surface shape of the face plate 61 can be formed, and the discharged earth and sand are placed on the ground surface on the side of the groove.

  Further, the groove 15 to be formed has a depth dimension and a width dimension in accordance with the conditions of the field 14, that is, the soil quality of the field 14, the depth of the topsoil, the type of cultivated crop, the diameter of the buried pipe, and the laying length. Therefore, the size and angle of each part in the groove forming apparatus can be suitable for forming the groove within a range not impairing the basic configuration. Furthermore, it is possible to provide mechanical sediment transport means such as a belt conveyor or a screw conveyor that transports the sediment in the sediment exclusion section that has entered from the sediment entrance section toward the sediment exit section. In addition, if the soil is dry and brittle, a water injection part is provided at the tip of the Russell part or the sand removal part, and water is injected into the soil where the groove is formed from the external water injection part to improve the soil quality. Thus, the groove forming workability and the groove shape retention can be improved.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Groove forming device, 12 ... Bulldozer, 13 ... Soil removal board, 14 ... Farm field, 15 ... Groove, 16 ... Attachment, 17 ... Fixed pin, 18 ... Working machine mounting part, 19 ... Russell part, 20 ... Sediment removal part 21 ... Upper plate, 22 ... Lower plate, 23 ... Swash plate, 24 ... Reinforcing member, 25, 25a, 25b ... Side plate, 26 ... Earth and sand guide plate, 26a ... Lower connecting plate portion, 26b ... Rear connecting plate portion, 26c ... earth and sand guide part, 27 ... earth and sand inlet part, 28 ... earth and sand outlet part, 31 ... groove forming apparatus, 51 ... groove forming apparatus, 52 ... Russell part, 53 ... earth and sand removing part, 54 ... swash plate, 55 ... side plate, 56 ... rear plate, 57 ... upper plate, 58 ... lower plate, 61 ... side plate, 61a ... front side plate, 61b ... rear side plate, 62 ... earth and sand guide plate, 62a ... lower connecting plate, 62b ... upper connecting plate 62c ... intermediate connecting plate, 63 ... sediment discharge plate, 64 Sediment inlet portion, 65 ... sediment outlet

Claims (6)

  A groove forming apparatus for forming a groove for burying a culvert tube in the ground, a work machine mounting portion mounted on a traveling work machine, and a groove forming direction provided below the work machine mounting section A raschel portion with a sharpened front side and a sediment removal portion provided below the raschel portion, the sediment removal portion being opposed to each other at the same interval as the width dimension of the rear end of the raschel portion. An earth and sand entrance portion that is surrounded by a side plate and a lower connecting plate that connects the lower ends of the pair of side plates and that opens on the front side in the groove forming direction, and the pair of side plates and the pair of side plates behind the Russell portion A sand outlet that is surrounded by a rear connecting plate that connects the rear ends and that opens upward, and a sand guide that guides the sand that has entered the earth and sand exclusion portion from the sand inlet to the sand outlet. A groove forming apparatus characterized by comprising:   The groove forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the earth and sand guide is an inclined surface or an arc surface rising from a lower end of the earth and sand inlet portion toward a rear end of the earth and sand outlet portion.   2. The groove forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the earth and sand guide is earth and sand conveying means for conveying the earth and sand that has entered the earth and sand removing part from the earth and sand inlet part toward the earth and sand outlet part.   The groove forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an interval between the pair of side plates is formed so that the earth and sand outlet part side is wider than the earth and sand inlet part side.   The height of the Russell part when inserted into the ground is in the range of 15 to 25 cm, the height of the earth and sand inlet part is in the range of 35 to 45 cm, and the distance between the pair of side plates in the earth and sand inlet part is 15 to The groove forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the groove forming apparatus is set in a range of 25 cm.   6. The discharge part for discharging | emitting the earth and sand discharged from this earth and sand exit part to the ground surface of the side of a groove | channel in the said earth and sand exit part, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Groove forming device.

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