JP2012203153A - Training tool for blood vessel puncture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a training tool for blood vessel puncture, which enables a trainee to feel as if he or she performed a blood vessel puncturing procedure of an actual human body when puncturing a simulated blood vessel with a puncturing instrument.SOLUTION: A training tool 1 for blood vessel puncture includes a puncturing part 2 and a simulated blood vessel 6 simulating a blood vessel of a human body to which the puncturing part 2 is to be inserted. The puncturing part 2 comprises a simulated muscle layer 5 constituting a lower part of the puncturing part 2 and comprising a flexible material simulating the hardness of muscle of a human body, a simulated tissue layer 4 laminated on the simulated muscle layer 5 and comprising a flexible material simulating the hardness of tissue of a human body, and a simulated skin layer 3 laminated on the simulated tissue layer 4 and comprising a flexible material simulating the hardness of skin of a human body. The hardness of respective layers satisfies relation (hardness of the simulated tissue layer)<(hardness of the simulated skin layer)≤(hardness of the simulated muscle layer), and the simulated blood vessel 6 comprises a flexible tube and is inserted through the simulated tissue layer 4.

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood vessel puncture training device, and more particularly to a blood vessel puncture training device in a human body.

  As a blood vessel puncture training device, for example, Patent Document 1 describes an animal blood vessel model for training an animal experiment technique in which a simulated blood vessel is enclosed near the surface of a gel-like material simulating an animal tissue and an epidermis layer. Patent Document 2 includes a lower layer simulated muscle layer made of polyurethane gel material simulating a muscle layer, and an upper layer simulated muscle layer formed by filling a polyurethane material bag-like body with a polyurethane gel material filler. An injection practice device with a simulated blood vessel placed in between is described.

JP-A-11-167342 JP 2007-206379 A

  However, a blood vessel puncture site in a human body has a three-layer structure of a muscle layer, a subcutaneous tissue (hereinafter referred to as tissue) layer, and a skin layer. Therefore, in the blood vessel model of Patent Document 1 in which the puncture portion is configured by a single layer of a gel-like material, when a puncture device is inserted into the puncture portion, it is not possible to obtain a feeling close to that of an actual blood vessel puncture technique on a human body. There is a problem. Similarly, in the injection practice device of Patent Document 2, since the puncture portion is composed only of a simulated muscle layer, when the puncture device is inserted into the puncture portion, a feeling close to that of an actual blood vessel puncture technique on the human body There is a problem that you can not get.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the problem is that when a puncture device is inserted into a simulated blood vessel, a vascular puncture training device that can provide a feeling close to that of a blood vessel puncture technique on an actual human body. Is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a blood vessel puncture training device according to the present invention is a blood vessel puncture training device including a puncture portion made of a laminate and a simulated blood vessel simulating a human blood vessel that passes through the puncture portion. The puncture part constitutes the lower part of the puncture part and is laminated on the simulated muscle layer made of a flexible material simulating the hardness of the human muscle, and simulates the hardness of the tissue of the human body A simulated tissue layer made of a flexible material and a simulated skin layer laminated on the simulated tissue layer and simulating the hardness of the human skin. The hardness of each layer is expressed by the following formula (1): Satisfied,
(Hardness of simulated tissue layer) <(Hardness of simulated skin layer) ≦ (Hardness of simulated muscle layer) (1)
The simulated blood vessel is made of a flexible tube and is inserted into the simulated tissue layer.

  According to the above configuration, when a puncture device (injection needle) is inserted into a simulated blood vessel by providing a puncture portion having a three-layer structure including a simulated muscle layer having a predetermined hardness, a simulated tissue layer, and a simulated skin layer, A feeling close to that of an actual blood vessel puncture technique on the human body can be obtained. In addition, since the simulated blood vessel is inserted through the simulated tissue layer having low hardness, the simulated blood vessel can reproduce the actual movement of the blood vessel, that is, the movement of the blood vessel escaping left and right when the injection needle is inserted.

  In the blood vessel puncture training device according to the present invention, the simulated tissue layer has a hollow portion therein, and the simulated blood vessel is inserted into the hollow portion.

  According to the above configuration, since the simulated blood vessel is inserted into the hollow portion, the simulated blood vessel can easily escape to the left and right, and the simulated blood vessel can more easily reproduce the actual blood vessel motion.

  In the blood vessel puncture training device according to the present invention, the hardness is a hardness measured with an ASKER rubber hardness meter CSC2 type, the simulated tissue layer has a hardness of 3 to 7 points, and the simulated skin layer has a hardness of 30 to 40 The hardness of the point and the simulated muscle layer is 40 to 60 points.

  According to the above configuration, when the simulated tissue layer, the simulated skin layer, and the simulated muscle layer have a predetermined hardness, when a puncture device is inserted into a simulated blood vessel, a feeling closer to that of an actual blood vessel puncture technique on a human body is obtained. can get.

  The blood vessel puncture training device according to the present invention is characterized in that the simulated muscle layer, the simulated tissue layer, and the simulated skin layer are made of silicone rubber and silicone oil.

  According to the above configuration, the simulated muscle layer, the simulated tissue layer, and the simulated skin layer are made of silicone rubber and silicone oil, so that a predetermined hardness is easily obtained, and when the puncture device is inserted into the simulated blood vessel, A feeling closer to that of a blood vessel puncture technique on a human body can be obtained. Moreover, manufacturing costs can be reduced by using inexpensive materials such as silicone rubber and silicone oil.

  The blood vessel puncture device according to the present invention is characterized in that the simulated blood vessel is made of a silicone tube.

  According to the above configuration, since the simulated blood vessel is made of a silicone tube, the flexibility and movement of the actual blood vessel are reproduced, and when the puncture device is inserted into the simulated blood vessel, the blood vessel puncture technique is closer to the actual human body. A feel is obtained.

  According to the blood vessel puncture training device according to the present invention, when a puncture device is inserted into a simulated blood vessel, a feeling close to that of a blood vessel puncture technique for an actual human body can be obtained. Moreover, it becomes economically useful by comprising the blood vessel puncture training instrument with an inexpensive silicone material.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the blood vessel puncture training instrument which concerns on this embodiment. It is a top view of the blood vessel puncture training instrument of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the AA line of FIG. (A)-(e) is a schematic diagram which shows each process in the manufacturing method of the blood vessel puncture training instrument based on this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the mode of use of the blood vessel puncture training instrument which concerns on this embodiment.

A blood vessel puncture training device (hereinafter referred to as a training device) according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The training instrument 1 includes a puncture unit 2 made of a laminated body and a simulated blood vessel 6 that passes through the puncture unit 2. The puncture unit 2 includes a simulated muscle layer 5, a simulated tissue layer 4, and a simulated skin layer 3, and the simulated blood vessel 6 is inserted through the simulated tissue layer 4.
In addition, in order to support the puncture part 2, the training instrument 1 may be provided with the support stand 8 comprised with the molded object which consists of polyethylene, a polypropylene, etc.

The puncture unit 2 is a part that is punctured by the puncture device 28 during blood vessel puncture practice (see FIG. 5). Then, the puncture device 28 punctures the puncture unit 2 from the simulated skin layer 3 side.
The shape of the puncture unit 2 is preferably a columnar shape, a prismatic shape, or the like, but is not particularly limited as long as it can be punctured by the puncture device 28. And the magnitude | size of the puncture part 2 is 50-100 mm in outer diameter and 7-21 mm in height from the ease of blood vessel puncture practice, for example, when it is cylindrical.

The puncture unit 2 constitutes a lower part of the puncture unit 2 and is a simulated muscle layer 5 that simulates the hardness of a human muscle, and a simulated tissue layer 4 that is laminated on the simulated muscle layer 5 and simulates the hardness of a human tissue. And a simulated skin layer 3 which is laminated on the simulated tissue layer 4 and simulates the hardness of the human skin. And the hardness of each layer satisfies the following formula (1).
(Hardness of simulated tissue layer) <(Hardness of simulated skin layer) ≦ (Hardness of simulated muscle layer) (1)
When the hardness of each layer satisfies the above formula (1), when the puncture device 28 is punctured into the puncture part 2, a feeling close to that of a blood vessel puncture technique for an actual human body can be obtained.
The thickness of each layer is preferably 3 to 10 mm for the simulated muscle layer 5, 3 to 7 mm for the simulated tissue layer 4, and 1 to 4 mm for the simulated skin layer 3 in order to approach the blood vessel puncture site of the actual human body. . The thicknesses of the simulated tissue layer 4 and the simulated skin layer 3 are appropriately set within the above range according to the depth of the blood vessel to be practiced.

  The simulated muscle layer 5 is made of a flexible material such as silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, olefin rubber, polyurethane, etc., in order to simulate muscle hardness, and particularly preferably made of silicone rubber and silicone oil. The hardness of the simulated muscle layer 5 is preferably 40 to 60 points as measured by an ASKER rubber hardness meter CSC2.

  The simulated tissue layer 4 is made of a flexible material such as silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, olefin rubber, polyurethane, etc., in order to simulate the hardness of the tissue, and particularly preferably made of silicone rubber and silicone oil. The hardness of the simulated tissue layer 4 is preferably 3 to 7 points as measured by an ASKER rubber hardness meter CSC2 type.

  The simulated skin layer 3 is made of a flexible material such as silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, olefin rubber, polyurethane, etc. in order to simulate the hardness of the skin, and is preferably made of silicone rubber and silicone oil. The hardness of the simulated skin layer 3 is preferably 30 to 40 points as measured by an ASKER rubber hardness meter CSC2 type.

  In the ASKER rubber hardness tester CSC2 type, the hardness is 0 point when the force with which the cylinder having an outer diameter of 10 mm is pushed back from the measurement object is 55 gf (0.54 N), and the hardness is 100 points when the force is 455 gf (4.46 N). It is set to be. The hardness of each of the simulated muscle layer 5, the simulated tissue layer 4 and the simulated skin layer 3 is in the above range depending on the blood vessel puncture site to be practiced, that is, various blood vessel puncture sites from infants to elderly people. Set as appropriate.

  When each layer is composed of silicone rubber and silicone oil, the hardness of each layer is preferably adjusted by the blending amount of silicone oil. Specifically, a mixture of silicone rubber and silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 is used for forming the simulated muscle layer 5, and silicone rubber and silicone rubber are used for forming the simulated tissue layer 4. A mixture in which silicone oil is mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 4 is used, and for the formation of the simulated skin layer 3, a mixture of silicone rubber and silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 is used. Is preferably used.

  Each layer is preferably made of the same flexible material, but each layer may be made of a different type of flexible material as long as the hardness of each layer satisfies the above formula (1). Each layer is preferably composed of a translucent or opaque flexible material in order to reproduce actual blood vessel puncture. However, for a new nurse who is not familiar with blood vessel puncture practice, each layer may be made of a transparent flexible material in order to make it easier to confirm that a puncture device has entered the simulated blood vessel. Each layer may be made of a flexible material mixed with a pigment such as skin color.

  The simulated blood vessel 6 simulates a human blood vessel and is made of a flexible tube made of silicone, polyurethane, or the like. The hardness of the simulated blood vessel 6 is appropriately set according to the blood vessel to be practiced.

  The size of the simulated blood vessel 6 is preferably a flexible tube having an inner diameter of 1.5 to 3 mm and an outer diameter of 2.5 to 4 mm, and is appropriately set within the above range according to the type of blood vessel to be practiced. Further, the shape of the simulated blood vessel 6 (blood vessel running shape) takes various shapes such as a branched shape and a meandering shape according to the type of blood vessel to be practiced.

  The simulated blood vessel 6 is disposed so as to pass through the simulated tissue layer 4 of the puncture unit 2. When the simulated blood vessel 6 is inserted through the simulated tissue layer 4 having low hardness and high flexibility, it is possible to reproduce the escape to the left and right of the blood vessel that occurs during actual blood vessel puncture. The position of the simulated blood vessel 6 in the simulated tissue layer 4 is appropriately set according to the type of blood vessel to be practiced.

  The simulated blood vessel 6 preferably has one end 6a and the other end 6b extending outward from the puncture portion 2 (simulated tissue layer 4). By having such end portions (one end portion 6a and the other end portion 6b), as shown in FIG. 5, the practice instrument 1 is inserted into the inflow tube 23 into which simulated blood for confirming puncture of the simulated blood vessel 6 flows. It becomes easy to connect via the connector 24, and it becomes easy to connect via the connector 25 to the outflow tube 26 from which the pseudo blood flows out.

  In the practice instrument 1 according to this embodiment, it is preferable that the simulated tissue layer 4 has a hollow portion 7 therein, and the simulated blood vessel 6 is inserted into the hollow portion 7. By having such a hollow part 7, it becomes easy to reproduce the escape to the right and left of the blood vessel which occurs in the actual blood vessel puncture. The size (volume) of the hollow portion 7 is not particularly limited as long as the escape to the left and right of the simulated blood vessel 6 at the time of puncturing with the puncture device 28 can be reproduced, but 1/16 to 1/4 of the volume of the simulated tissue layer 4. Is preferred.

  The shape of the hollow portion 7 is preferably a hemispherical shape that is easy to manufacture, but can take various shapes such as a rectangular shape according to the escape state (easy to move left and right) of the blood vessel to be practiced. Furthermore, the position of the cavity 7 within the simulated tissue layer 4 is preferably a central bottom that is easy to manufacture, but can be arranged at various positions depending on the escape state of the blood vessel to be practiced.

  Next, an example of the manufacturing method of the practice instrument 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the practice instrument 1 will be described with a configuration in which the puncture portion 2 is made of silicone rubber and silicone oil and has a hollow portion 7.

(1) As shown in FIG. 4 (a), a PFA (tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer) petri dish 30 is filled with silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KE-1842) and silicone oil (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KF). -96-1000) mixed with a mass ratio of 1: 1 to the mixture of 1 drop of flesh-colored pigment is poured from the petri dish bottom to a depth of about 2 mm, and heated in an oven at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes. The mixture is cured to form a simulated skin layer 3.

(2) As shown in FIG. 4B, a silicone tube having an inner diameter of 2 mm and an outer diameter of 3 mm is placed on the simulated skin layer 3 as the simulated blood vessel 6.

(3) As shown in FIG. 4 (c), silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KE-1842) and silicone oil (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KF-96-1000) are added to a PFA petri dish 31 different from (1). A mixture of skin color pigment added to a mixture mixed at a ratio of 1: 1 is poured from the petri dish bottom to a depth of about 3 mm and heated in an oven at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to cure the mixture and simulate The muscle layer 5 is formed.

(4) As shown in FIG. 4 (d), on the simulated muscle layer 5, silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KE-1842) and silicone oil (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KF-96-1000) are in a mass ratio of 1: 3. Then, a drop of skin color pigment added to the mixture mixed in step 1 is poured from the upper surface of the simulated muscle layer 5 to a depth of about 3 mm. And the hemispherical molding (not shown) for forming the cavity part 7 is mounted in the poured mixture, and it hold | maintains so that a molding may not be embedded in a mixture. In this state, the mixture is cured by heating in an oven at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes to form the simulated tissue layer 4 on the simulated muscle layer 5. Thereafter, the cavity 7 is formed in the simulated tissue layer 4 by removing the molded product.

(5) As shown in FIG. 4E, the simulated tissue layer 4 and the simulated muscle layer 5 formed in (4) are placed on the simulated skin layer 3 formed in (2) from the simulated tissue layer 4 side. Place. At this time, a mixture of silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KE-1842) and silicone oil (Shin-Etsu Silicone: KF-96-1000) at a mass ratio of 1: 3 was formed at the interface between the simulated skin layer 3 and the simulated tissue layer 4. Apply a thin layer of skin color pigment, and in this state, heat the mixture in an oven at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes to cure the mixture. Thereafter, the petri dish 30 is inverted and the puncture unit 2 is taken out from the petri dish 30. As a result, a puncture unit 2 is formed in which the simulated muscle layer 5, the simulated tissue layer 4, and the simulated skin layer 3 are laminated in this order, and the simulated blood vessel 6 is disposed in the cavity 7 in the puncture unit 2 (simulated tissue layer 4). A training instrument 1 is formed.

  Although not shown in the drawings, the practice instrument 1 that does not have the cavity portion 7 in the simulated tissue layer 4 is a mixture of silicone rubber and silicone oil in the order of the simulated muscle layer 5, the simulated tissue layer 4, and the simulated skin layer 3. It can be manufactured by heating and curing inside.

Next, the usage method of the training instrument 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
(1) An inflow tube 23 connected to an infusion bag 20 filled with physiological saline (pseudoblood) made red with a colorant at one end 6a and the other end 6b of the simulated blood vessel inserted through the practice instrument 1 In addition to being connected by the connector 24, the outflow tube 26 whose end is disposed in the drainage tank 27 is connected by the connector 25. At this time, the exercise device 1 may be held by a simulated arm model or the like (not shown).

(2) The infusion bag 20 is suspended from the infusion stand 21, the clamp 22 attached to the inflow tube 23 is opened, and the simulated blood filled in the infusion bag 20 is allowed to flow into the practice instrument 1. In addition, the pseudo blood that has flowed into the practice instrument 1 flows out into the drainage tank 27 via the outflow tube 26.

(3) Start vascular puncture practice. Specifically, the puncture unit 2 of the practice instrument 1 is punctured with a puncture instrument (syringe with an injection needle) 28. When the simulated blood vessel puncture is successful, simulated blood flows into the syringe (flashback). In addition, when the simulated blood vessel puncture fails, pseudo blood leaks into the puncture unit 2 and a red color change is observed in the puncture unit 2.

1 Blood vessel puncture training device (practice device)
2 Puncture part 3 Simulated skin layer 4 Simulated tissue layer 5 Simulated muscle layer 6 Simulated blood vessel 7 Cavity part

Claims (5)

A blood vessel puncture practice instrument comprising a puncture portion composed of a laminate and a simulated blood vessel that simulates a blood vessel of a human body that passes through the puncture portion,
The puncture part is
The lower part of the puncture part, a simulated muscle layer made of a flexible material that simulates the hardness of a human muscle,
A simulated tissue layer made of a flexible material laminated on the simulated muscle layer and simulating the hardness of the tissue of the human body;
It is laminated on the simulated tissue layer, and consists of a simulated skin layer made of a flexible material that simulates the hardness of the human skin,
The hardness of each layer satisfies the following formula (1),
(Hardness of simulated tissue layer) <(Hardness of simulated skin layer) ≦ (Hardness of simulated muscle layer) (1)
The blood vessel puncture training instrument, wherein the simulated blood vessel is made of a flexible tube and is inserted through the simulated tissue layer.   The blood vessel puncture training device according to claim 1, wherein the simulated tissue layer has a hollow portion therein, and the simulated blood vessel is inserted into the hollow portion. The hardness is a hardness measured with an ASKER rubber hardness meter CSC2 type,
The hardness of the simulated tissue layer is 3 to 7 points, the hardness of the simulated skin layer is 30 to 40 points, and the hardness of the simulated muscle layer is 40 to 60 points. The blood vessel puncture practice device described.   The blood vessel puncture training device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the simulated muscle layer, the simulated tissue layer, and the simulated skin layer are made of silicone rubber and silicone oil.   The blood vessel puncture training device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the simulated blood vessel is made of a silicone tube.

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