JP2012189316A - 天然ガス液化方法及び装置、そのコンピューターシミュレーション処理、液化天然ガス生成物 - Google Patents
天然ガス液化方法及び装置、そのコンピューターシミュレーション処理、液化天然ガス生成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012189316A JP2012189316A JP2012100036A JP2012100036A JP2012189316A JP 2012189316 A JP2012189316 A JP 2012189316A JP 2012100036 A JP2012100036 A JP 2012100036A JP 2012100036 A JP2012100036 A JP 2012100036A JP 2012189316 A JP2012189316 A JP 2012189316A
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- Prior art keywords
- methane
- natural gas
- stream
- refrigerant
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 548
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 24
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 64
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 本発明の天然ガスを液化する方法は、(a)主にメタン冷媒を有する間接熱交換を介し前記天然ガスを少なくとも40度Fで冷却し、それにより液化天然ガスを提供する段階、(b)前記液化天然ガスの少なくとも一部をフラッシュさせ、それにより主に蒸気部分及び主に液体部分を提供する段階、並びに(c)前記主に蒸気部分の少なくとも一部を、段階(a)で天然ガスを冷却するために用いられる前記主にメタン冷媒と結合する段階、を有する。
【選択図】 図1
Description
Claims (11)
- 液化天然ガスを製造するために天然ガスを液化する方法であって、前記方法は:
(a)前記天然ガスを、第1の冷却サイクルでメタン冷媒と間接熱交換を介して冷却する段階を含み、前記第1の冷媒が50モルパーセント未満のメタンを含み;
(b)前記第1の冷却サイクルの下流の第1のカラムで、前記天然ガスを第1の軽質量ストリーム及び第1の重質量ストリームに分離する段階を含み;
(c)前記第1の重質量ストリームを、第2のカラムで、第2の軽質量ストリームと第2の重質量ストリームに分離し、
(d)前記第2の軽質量ストリームを、メタン熱交換装置で、少なくとも50モル%メタンを含むメタン主冷媒で間接熱交換により冷却する段階を含み、前記段階(d)が前記第2の軽質量ストリームと前記第1の軽質量ストリームとを混合することなく実施され;
(e)前記第1及び第2の軽質量ストリームを、複数の熱交換体を含むメタン冷却サイクルで、前記メタン主冷媒で間接熱交換することで冷却する段階を含み;及び
(f)前記第1及び第2の軽質量ストリームを最終分離容器内で混合する段階を含み、前記最終分離容器が前記液化天然ガス製品と蒸気冷却媒体ストリームを生成し、前記蒸気冷却媒体ストリームが前記メタン主冷媒と前記メタン冷却サイクルで混合され;
前記段階(d)及び(e)が、少なくとも段階(f)まで前記第2の質量ストリームを前記第1の軽質量ストリームに混合することなく実施される、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であり、さらに、前記第1及び第2の軽質量ストリームを温度を少なくとも40°F下げることを含む段階を含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、さらに、前記第1及び第2の軽質量ストリームを温度を少なくとも100°F下げることを含む段階を含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、さらに、前記第1及び第2の軽質量ストリームを液化する段階を含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、さらに、前記第1及び第2の軽質量ストリームの少なくとも25モルパーセントが、前記メタン冷却サイクルの直上流の蒸気相に存在する、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、さらに、前記第1の軽質量ストリームを前記メタン冷却サイクルで冷却する前に、前記メタン主冷媒の一部を前記第1の軽質量ストリームと混合する段階を含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、前記第1の冷媒が主にプロパン、プロピレン、エタン、エチレン又は二酸化炭素を含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、前記第1の冷媒が主にプロパンを含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、段階(a)〜(e)が、少なくとも3つの直列冷却サイクルを持つカスケードタイプの天然ガス液か装置で実施され、それぞれのサイクルで異なる冷媒を適用する、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であり、さらに、前記第2のカラムからの前記第2の軽質量ストリームを、前記第2の軽質量ストリームを圧縮することなく前記第1のメタン熱交換装置へ向ける、方法。
- 請求項6に記載の方法であり、さらに、少なくとも前記主に蒸気のフラクションの一部を前記メタン冷却サイクルの前記メタン主冷媒と混合する、方法。
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JP5406450B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
CN1969161B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
CN1969161A (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
US7866184B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 |
EA200700034A1 (ru) | 2007-04-27 |
US20130327085A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
EA013234B1 (ru) | 2010-04-30 |
WO2006009610A2 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
KR20070022749A (ko) | 2007-02-27 |
WO2006009610A3 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
EP1774234A4 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
KR101302310B1 (ko) | 2013-08-30 |
US20050279133A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
US20080256976A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
JP5709793B2 (ja) | 2015-04-30 |
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US9651300B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 |
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