JP2012189178A - Reduction gear and differential device with motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To always stably supply oil scraped up in an upper storage part from a lower storage part of a housing to a plurality of lubrication required parts inside of the housing, even if acceleration-deceleration and turning G act, and to reduce an agitating resistance loss caused by scraping-up of the oil, in a reduction gear.SOLUTION: In this reduction gear 10 formed by arranging a rotary body 44 inside the housing 11, the lower storage part 50 for storing the oil so as to soak a part of the rotary body 44, is arranged in a lower part inside of the housing 11, and a plurality of upper storage parts 51-54 are arranged in a plurality in an upper part inside of the housing in close vicinity to the plurality of respective lubrication required parts A-D inside of the housing 11 for storing the oil scraped up from the lower storage part 50 in response to rotation of the rotary body 44.

Description

  The present invention relates to a reduction gear and a differential device with a motor.

  Conventionally, in a reduction device such as a differential device, a rotating body such as a differential case and a gear such as a ring gear are arranged inside a housing to transmit power, and the rotating body and gear are pivotally supported in the housing by a bearing. .

  Since the gear transmits high torque and rotates at a high rotation speed, lubricating oil for the purpose of preventing seizure and cooling of the meshing portion of the gear is enclosed in the housing. Further, since the bearing also rotates at a high speed under a load, seizure prevention and cooling are achieved using this lubricating oil.

  As a method of lubricating the gear and the bearing, there are a forced lubrication method using an oil pump and a method of supplying oil that has been scraped up by the rotation of the gear and scattered in the housing to the lubrication required portion.

  Since the method using an oil pump is costly to form the pump and the oil supply path, it is often used for an automatic transmission or a continuously variable transmission that originally requires a pump.

  In the method using oil scraped up by the rotation of the gear, the oil that adheres to the inner surface of the housing and flows down is supplied to the lubrication-required portion.

  In particular, in the differential device and the transaxle device, the differential device is composed of a pair of left and right side gears and their support shafts provided inside the bag-shaped differential case, a pair of front and rear differential pinions and their support shafts, and these meshing slides. Lubricating oil needs to be supplied to the contact area. As this lubricating oil supply method, the splashed oil accompanying the rotation of the differential case and the ring gear is collected at both ends of the differential case, and this oil is supplied from both ends of the differential case to the meshing sliding contact portion inside the differential case.

  Further, when a motor is mounted as a main power source or a sub power source of an automobile, it is necessary to reduce the size of the motor from the viewpoint of comfort. Then, since the output of the motor is reduced and a necessary driving force cannot be obtained, it is necessary to amplify the output of the motor with a reduction gear train.

  In such a reduction gear using a motor, a motor, a reduction gear train, and a differential gear are arranged inside the housing. Since the motor rotates at a high speed, the self-heating is high and the heat generation of the bearing that holds this is also high. Become. In addition, even in a reduction gear train that decelerates the output of a motor that rotates at a high speed to an appropriate number of rotations of the vehicle, heat generation of the gear tooth surface and the bearing that holds the gear surface due to high rotation increases. Therefore, it is required to secure durability reliability by supplying a stable amount of oil to the motor body, the gear meshing portion, and the bearings for holding them and cooling them.

  Conventionally, as a lubrication method for such a reduction gear, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, an oil reservoir in which oil scraped up as the gear rotates is formed at an appropriate position inside the housing is used. It is stored in the part and supplied from here to the part requiring lubrication by gravity.

JP2005-201316 JP2007-57093 JP2009-127772

  In Patent Document 1, a reservoir tank, which is an oil reservoir, is provided only at one location near the motor shaft inside the housing. It is difficult to smoothly supply oil from this reservoir tank to a remote lubrication required portion, and the oil supply performance when the vehicle acceleration / deceleration or turning G acts is poor.

  In 1st Example of patent document 2, although the oil is scooped up to the catch tank which is an oil storage part with the rotor of a motor, the oil scooping effect by a motor is small. Further, since the motor rotates at a high speed, the oil temperature rises greatly due to stirring. In addition, the differential device is disposed remotely from the catch tank, and the lubricity of the differential device by the oil in the catch tank is poor. In addition to the motor and the catch tank described above, a ring gear and another catch tank are used as means for scooping up and storing the oil, and the agitation resistance loss due to oil scooping is large.

  In the second embodiment of Patent Document 2, two gears and one catch tank corresponding to each of the gears are used as means for scooping up and storing oil. Large stirring resistance loss due to oil scraping.

  In Patent Document 3, two gears and one catch tank corresponding to each of the gears are used as means for scooping up and storing oil, and stirring resistance loss due to oil scooping is reduced. large. Also, there is a difference in the amount of scraping to the two catch tanks, and there is a difference in the amount of oil stored in each tank, so an oil passage that communicates both tanks is necessary to effectively use the oil in both tanks. It is said.

  The problem of the present invention is that in the speed reducer, even if acceleration / deceleration or turning G acts, the oil that has been lifted up from the lower storage part of the housing to the upper storage part is always stabilized in a plurality of lubrication required parts inside the housing. In order to reduce the stirring resistance loss associated with oil scooping.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a plurality of lubricating oils inside the housing that constantly lifts up the oil from the lower storage part of the housing to the upper storage part even when acceleration / deceleration or turning G acts. The object is to stably supply the necessary parts and reduce the stirring resistance loss accompanying the oil scooping, thereby improving the oil scooping effect.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speed reduction device in which a rotating body is arranged inside a housing, wherein a lower reservoir for storing oil is provided at a lower portion inside the housing so as to immerse a part of the rotating body. A plurality of upper reservoirs for storing oil that is scooped up from the lower reservoir as the body rotates are provided at a plurality of locations inside the housing, and a plurality of upper reservoirs defined inside the housing are lubricated. They are arranged close to the necessary parts.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a differential device with a motor in which a motor, a reduction gear train, and a differential case are arranged inside a housing, and a ring gear is attached to the differential case, oil is stored so that a part of the ring gear is immersed. The first to fourth upper reservoirs that store the oil that has been scraped up from the lower reservoir with the rotation of the ring gear are provided at the upper four locations inside the housing. A first upper reservoir for the lubrication required portion of the motor chamber, a second upper reservoir for the lubrication required portion of the gear chamber, and a third upper reservoir for the lubrication required portion on one end side of the differential case. The fourth upper storage part is arranged close to the lubrication required part on the other end side of the differential case.

(Claim 1)
(a) In the speed reducer, a lower reservoir for storing oil is provided in the lower part inside the housing so as to immerse a part of the rotating body, and the oil scraped up from the lower reservoir as the rotating body rotates A plurality of upper storage portions to be stored are provided at a plurality of locations in the upper part inside the housing, and a plurality of upper storage portions defined inside the housing are respectively arranged close to a plurality of lubrication required portions.

  Therefore, the oil stored in each of the plurality of upper storage portions can be smoothly supplied to each lubrication required portion adjacent to them. Even when acceleration / deceleration or turning G is applied, oil that has been scraped from the lower storage part of the housing to the upper storage part can be stably supplied to a plurality of lubrication-required parts defined inside the housing.

  Oil is scooped up by only one rotating body and supplied to a plurality of upper reservoirs inside the housing, and hence to the lubrication-needed parts, and the stirring resistance loss accompanying the oil scooping can be reduced.

(Claim 2)
(b) In a differential device with a motor, a lower reservoir for storing oil is provided in the lower part of the housing so as to immerse part of the ring gear, and the oil scraped up from the lower reservoir as the ring gear rotates is removed. The first to fourth upper storage portions to be stored are provided at four locations in the upper part inside the housing, the first upper storage portion is provided for the lubrication required portion of the motor chamber, and the second upper storage portion is provided for the lubrication required portion of the gear chamber. The upper storage portion was disposed close to the third upper storage portion with respect to the lubrication required portion on the one end side of the differential case and the fourth upper storage portion with respect to the lubrication required portion on the other end side of the differential case.

  Therefore, the oil stored in each of the plurality of upper storage portions can be smoothly supplied to each of the lubrication required portions disposed in proximity to them. Even when acceleration / deceleration or turning G acts, oil that has been scraped up from the lower storage part of the housing to the upper storage part can be stably supplied to a plurality of lubrication required parts inside the housing.

  Oil is scraped up by only one ring gear and supplied to a plurality of upper reservoirs inside the housing and thus to the lubrication-needed portion, and the stirring resistance loss associated with the oil scraping can be reduced.

  Since the motor does not cause the oil to be picked up and the ring gear picks up the oil, the effect of picking up the oil is great. Further, it is not necessary to store a large amount of oil even if it is scraped up in the motor chamber, and the oil temperature of the oil due to stirring of the oil scraping is not caused in the motor chamber.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a differential device. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the differential device. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a lubrication system of the differential device. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a lubrication system of the differential device. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an oil receiving rib.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the differential device 10 is a differential device with a motor, and a motor 20, a reduction gear train 30, and a differential case 40 constituting a differential device are arranged inside a housing 11.

  The differential device 10 includes a partition wall 12 provided on a plane that intersects an output shaft 41 (rotation shaft), which will be described later, of the differential case 40 inside the housing 11, and includes a motor chamber 13 in which the motor 20 is disposed and a reduction gear train 30. Is separated by a partition wall 12. The differential device 10 includes a differential chamber 15 on the side of the gear chamber 14 of the partition wall 12, connected to the gear chamber 14 from the rear, and in which a differential case 40 and a ring gear 44 described later are disposed. In the differential device 10, a closed cap 16 that closes the motor chamber 13 from the outside is bolted to the left opening end of the housing 11, and a closed cover 17 that closes the gear chamber 14 from the outside is bolted to the right opening end of the housing 11. Stop. In the present invention, the housing 11, the cap 16, and the cover 17 that incorporate the motor 20, the reduction gear train 30, and the differential case 40 are all defined in a broad sense.

  In the present embodiment, in the state where the differential device 10 is mounted on the vehicle, the upper vertical direction is the upper and the lower vertical is the lower. Further, description will be made assuming that the vehicle forward direction is the front, the motor 20 and the reduction gear train 30 side is the front, and the differential case 40 side is the rear.

  The motor 20 is pivotally supported in the motor chamber 13 of the housing 11 by left and right bearings 22 and 32 holding the left and right ends of the motor shaft 21 on the cap 16 and the bosses 22A and 32A of the partition wall 12, respectively. A rotor 23 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft 21, and a stator 24 surrounding the rotor 23 via an annular gap is fixedly disposed on the inner periphery of the housing 11. The right end portion of the motor shaft 21 is pivotally supported by the above-described bearing 32 via an input shaft 31 of a reduction gear train 30 that is coaxially coupled to the motor shaft 21.

  In the gear chamber 14 of the housing 11, the reduction gear train 30 has left and right ends of the input shaft 31 that are coaxially coupled to the motor shaft 21 and is held by the partition wall 12 and the bosses 32 </ b> A and 33 </ b> A of the cover 17. The bearings 32 and 33 are pivotally supported, and the input gear 34 is fixed to the outer periphery of the input shaft 31. The reduction gear train 30 includes left and right bearings 36 in which the left and right ends of the intermediate shaft 35 parallel to the input shaft 31 are held by the partition wall 12 and the bosses 36A and 37A of the cover 17 in the gear chamber 14 of the housing 11, respectively. 37, and a first intermediate gear 38 and a second intermediate gear 39 are fixed to the outer periphery of the intermediate shaft 35. The first intermediate gear 38 meshes with the input gear 34, and the second intermediate gear 39 meshes with a ring gear 44 (output gear) described later.

  The differential case 40 is pivotally supported in the differential chamber 15 of the housing 11 by left and right bearings 42 and 43 that hold the left and right output shafts 41 on the housing 11 and the bosses 42A and 43A of the cover 17, respectively. In the differential case 40, a ring gear 44 is bolted to the left side surface of a flange 41A provided on the right end side of the output shaft 41. The differential case 40 includes a differential device such as a pair of left and right side gears 45A and 45B connected to the left and right axles L and R, and a pair of front and rear differential pinions 47A and 47B engaged with the side gears 45A and 45B. Built in. The side gears 34A and 45B are pivotally supported by the shaft holes of the differential case 40 with their support shafts 46A and 46B. The differential pinions 47 </ b> A and 47 </ b> B are pivotally supported by a support shaft 48 that is inserted into the shaft hole of the differential case 40.

  In the differential device 10, the gear diameters d1, d2, d3, and d4 of the input gear 34, the first intermediate gear 38, the second intermediate gear 39, and the ring gear 44 are d1 <d2, d2> d3, and d3 <d4. The rotation of the motor 20 is transmitted through the input gear 34, the first intermediate gear 38, and the second intermediate gear 39 in the order of the ring gear 44 fixed to the differential case 40, and further, the side gear 45A built in the differential case 40 is further transmitted. 45B and differential pinions 47A and 47B are transmitted to the left and right axles L and R via a differential device.

  However, in the differential device 10, as shown in FIG. 6, oil for lubricating a plurality of lubrication systems such as the differential device of the motor 20, the reduction gear train 30, and the differential case 40 is filled in the housing 11. A lower reservoir 50 (FIG. 7) that stores oil is provided in the lower part inside the housing 11 so as to immerse a part of the lower side of the outer periphery of the ring gear 44 having the largest outer diameter. When the rotation of the motor 20 is transmitted to the ring gear 44 as described above, the ring gear 44 and the ring gear 44 scoop up the oil stored in the lower storage portion 50. Then, the oil that has been scraped up and scattered inside the housing 11 with the rotation of the differential case 40 and the ring gear 44 is provided in each of the plurality of upper reservoirs 51, 52. Distributed.

  That is, in the differential device 10, the plurality of upper storage portions 51, 52... That store the oil scooped up from the lower storage portion 50 as the ring gear 44 rotates are replaced with a plurality of lubrications inside the housing 11. It is provided at a plurality of locations in the upper part of the housing 11 in the vicinity of the necessary portions A, B.

  And the oil stored in each upper storage part 51, 52 ... falls by gravity toward each lubrication required part A, B ... from each upper storage part 51, 52 ..., and is supplied.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, an upper reservoir 51 is provided on the side of the motor chamber 13 of the partition 12 described above, an upper reservoir 52 is provided on the side of the gear chamber 14 of the partition 12, and the rear of the gear chamber 14. The upper reservoirs 53 and 54 are provided on the side of the differential chamber 15 connected to. Then, first to fourth upper storage portions 51 to 54 are provided at four locations inside the housing 11, the cap 16, and the cover 17, and the first upper storage portion 51 with respect to the lubrication required portion A of the motor chamber 13. The second upper storage portion 52 for the lubrication required portion B of the gear chamber 14, the third upper storage portion 53 for the lubrication required portion C on one end side of the differential case 40, and the lubrication on the other end side of the differential case 40. The 4th upper storage part 54 was arranged near to required part D, respectively. Specifically, it is as follows.

The above-described division required portions A, B, C, and D are specifically as follows (FIG. 2).
The lubrication required portion A is the support bearings 22 and 32 of the motor 20, the stator 24 and the rotor 23 of the motor 20.

  The lubrication required part B includes a support bearing 33 for the input shaft 31 and support bearings 36 and 37 for the intermediate shaft 35.

  The lubrication required portion C includes a sliding contact portion of the oil seal 49L, a sliding contact surface 46A of the axle L and the differential case 40, a meshing portion of the side gear 45A and the differential pinions 47A and 47B, a rear surface of the side gear 45A, a thrust washer, and the differential case 40. A sliding contact surface of the differential pinions 47A and 47B, a sliding contact surface of the thrust washer and the differential case 40, an inner diameter of the differential pinions 47A and 47B, a sliding contact surface of the support shaft 48, and a bearing 42 of the differential case 40.

  The lubrication required portion D includes a sliding contact portion of the oil seal 49R, a sliding contact surface 46B of the axle L and the differential case 40, a meshing portion of the side gear 45B and the differential pinions 47A and 47B, a rear surface of the side gear 45B, a thrust washer, and the differential case 40. The sliding contact surfaces of the differential pinions 47A and 47B, the sliding contact surfaces of the thrust washers and the differential case 40, the inner diameters of the differential pinions 47A and 47B, the sliding contact surfaces of the support shafts 48, and the bearing 43 of the differential case 40.

(Lubrication system to the lubrication required part A of the motor chamber 13)
In the differential device 10, on the gear chamber 14 side inside the housing 11, the ring gear 44 is opposed to the oil scooping direction (generally tangential to the outer periphery of the ring gear 44) that scoops up the rotation from the lower reservoir 50. The oil receiving surface 61 has an oil receiving rib 60 that receives the oil. The oil receiving rib 60 extends from the upper inner surface of the housing 11 closer to the gear chamber 14 than the partition wall 12 toward the rear obliquely lower side of the housing 11, and is on the wall surface of the partition wall 12 on the gear chamber 14 side to the cover in the housing 11. It protrudes to the surface with 17. The oil receiving rib 60 protrudes on the upper wall of the partition wall 71 to form a second upper reservoir 52 described later on the wall surface on the upper end side near the rear of the partition wall 12. A hole 12 </ b> A (through hole) that connects from the gear chamber 14 side to the upper storage portion 51 of the motor chamber 13 is provided at the base of the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60 in the partition wall 12.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the oil receiving rib 60 has a gear chamber in which a part of the oil receiving surface 61 is inclined downward toward the upper storage portion 52 side (Fb direction in FIG. 13) on the gear chamber 14 side. Directed oil distribution surface 62. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the oil receiving rib 60 is arranged on the other part of the oil receiving surface 61, below the oil distributing surface 62 in this embodiment, and the above-described hole 12 </ b> A and the upper reservoir 51 of the motor chamber 13. An oil distribution surface 63 is provided for the motor chamber that is inclined downward (toward Fa in FIG. 13). In the present embodiment, the inclination formed by the oil distribution surfaces 62 and 63 of the oil receiving rib 60 with respect to the horizontal plane in a state where the differential device 10 is mounted on the vehicle is referred to as a gradient.

  As shown in FIGS. 7, 11, and 12, the differential apparatus 10 includes a housing 11 and a cap 16 that form a first upper storage portion 51. The first upper reservoir 51 is formed by a cavity 51 </ b> A (FIG. 7) provided in the housing 11 and a cavity 51 </ b> B (FIG. 11) provided in the cap 16 being continuous at the mating surface of the housing 11 and the cap 16. Is done.

  The hollow portion 51A is molded by casting in a rearward wall of a cross section orthogonal to the central axis where the motor shaft 21 of the housing 11 is disposed, and an inner wall 11L along the outer wall 11K in the circumferential direction of the housing 11 is formed with the outer wall 11K. Between the upper end side where the hole 12A of the partition wall 12 is opened in the circumferential direction of the housing 11 and the middle portion in the vertical direction, and in the axial direction of the housing 11 From the hole 12A of the partition wall 12 to the mating surface to which the cap 16 is connected, the lower surface thereof extends so as to form a gentle downward slope.

  The hollow portion 51B is formed in the closed end face of the cap 16 so as to surround the inner wall 16L along the outer wall 16K in the circumferential direction of the cap 16 so as to form a bag shape with the outer wall 16K, and the same arc shape as the hollow portion 51A. The cap 16 is opened to the mating surface with the housing 11. The cap 16 is provided with an oil supply path 51C formed at the closed end located on the opposite side of the mating surface with the housing 11, and the oil supply path 51C communicates with the cavity 51B. The hollow portion 51B extends from the mating surface with the housing 11 toward the oil supply path 51C so that the lower surface forms a gentle downward slope.

  When the housing 11 and the cap 16 are connected at the mating surface, the outer wall 11K, the inner wall 11L of the housing 11 and the outer wall 16K and the inner wall 16L of the cap 16 are completely matched, and the cavity 51A and the cavity 51B communicate with each other. The upper storage part 51 is formed. The lower surface of the first upper reservoir 51 has a gentle downward slope from the hole 12A of the partition wall 12 toward the oil supply path 51C.

  The oil scooped up from the lower reservoir 50 by the ring gear 44 is on the gear chamber 14 side inside the housing 11, and the oil introduction opening 52 </ b> C of the second upper reservoir 52 formed by partition walls 71 and 72 described later. When it enters, it is received by the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60 on the partition wall 12. A part of the oil received by the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60 is stored in the first upper storage from the hole 12A of the partition wall 12 along the descending slope of the oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber of the oil receiving rib 60. It flows down into the inside of the part 51 and is stored. The oil stored in the first upper storage part 51 exerts a lubricating action on the upper storage part 51 of the motor chamber 13 disposed in the vicinity of the upper storage part 51 in the following order.

  (1) The oil stored in the first upper storage part 51 passes through an oil supply path 51C formed in the closed end of the cap 16 so as to communicate with the cavity part 51B of the cap 16, as shown in FIG. , Supplied to the side chamber 22B of the bearing 22 for the motor shaft 21 held by the boss 22A of the cap 16 and lubricates the bearing 22 through the balls of the bearing 22 to prevent seizure and cool the bearing 22. .

  (2) The oil that lubricates the bearing 22 and flows into the motor chamber 13 passes through the annular gap between the rotor 23 and the stator 24 from the left end side of the motor 20 and cools the motor 20 in the process.

  (3) Oil that has cooled the motor 20 and has flowed out to the right end side of the motor 20 passes between the balls of the bearing 32 held by the bosses 32A of the partition wall 12, lubricates the bearing 32, and prevents the bearing 32 from seizing. And cool.

  (4) The oil that has lubricated the bearing 32 flows out into the gear chamber 14, falls to the lower part of the housing 11, and returns to the lower reservoir 50.

(Lubrication system to the lubrication required part B of the gear chamber 14)
As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the differential apparatus 10 forms a second upper storage portion 52 by the housing 11 and the cover 17. In the second upper reservoir 52, a cavity 52 </ b> A (FIG. 8) provided in the housing 11 and a cavity 52 </ b> B (FIGS. 9 and 10) provided in the cover 17 are continuous at the mating surface of the housing 11 and the cover 12. To be formed.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the hollow portion 52 </ b> A extends from the vertically middle portion of the front inner surface of the housing 11 toward the rear of the housing 11, and on the wall surface of the partition wall 12 on the gear chamber 14 side to the housing 11. A partition wall 71 projecting up to the mating surface with the cover 17 is partitioned between the upper inner surface of the housing 11.

  The partition wall 71 protrudes toward the rear end of the partition wall 12 facing the differential chamber 15 and is connected to the arcuate wall portion 71A along the outer periphery of the ring gear 44 and the arcuate wall portion 71A, and the boss 36A for the intermediate shaft 35. An arcuate wall portion 71B extending along the upper portion of the boss 32A, an arcuate wall portion 71C extending along the upper portion of the boss 32A for the input shaft 31 and extending horizontally from the arcuate wall portion 71C. The straight wall portion 71D connected to the inner surface of the front portion. The distal end of the arcuate wall portion 71A of the partition wall 71 is spaced from the upper inner surface of the housing 11, and an oil introduction opening 52C for the second upper storage portion 52 is formed by this spacing. The oil introduction opening 52 </ b> C is located in the tangential direction of the outer periphery of the ring gear 44, and enables the oil that the ring gear 44 scoops up in the rotation direction from the lower reservoir 50 to be introduced into the second upper reservoir 52. Above the arcuate wall portion 71A of the partition wall 71, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the above-described oil receiving ribs 60 extending from the upper inner surface of the housing 11 are arranged with a constant interval. Yes. The partition walls 71 are connected so that the wall surfaces thereof are substantially downwardly inclined from the arcuate wall portion 71A toward the linear wall portion 71D, and an oil sump 52D serving as the lowermost portion is formed on the linear wall portion 71D. Is done.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the hollow portion 52 </ b> B extends from the middle in the vertical direction of the front inner surface of the cover 17 toward the rear of the cover 17 within the closed end surface of the cover 17. 11 is partitioned between the upper inner surface of the cover 17 by a partition wall 72 projecting to the mating surface.

  The partition wall 72 includes arcuate wall portions 71A to 71C of the partition wall 71 of the hollow portion 52A, arcuate wall portions 72A to 72C similar to the rectilinear wall portion 71D, and a rectilinear wall portion 72D. The tip of the arcuate wall portion 72A of the partition wall 72 is spaced from the upper inner surface of the cover 17, and an oil introduction opening 52C for the second upper storage portion 52 is formed by this spacing. The oil introduction opening 52 </ b> C is located in the tangential direction of the outer periphery of the ring gear 44, and enables the oil that the ring gear 44 scoops up in the rotation direction from the lower reservoir 50 to be introduced into the second upper reservoir 52. The partition walls 72 are connected so that their wall surfaces form a substantially downward slope from the arcuate wall portion 72A toward the linear wall portion 71D, and an oil sump 52D serving as the lowermost portion is formed on the linear wall portion 72D. Is done. The cover 17 includes an oil supply path 52E formed at a closed end located on the opposite side of the mating surface with the housing 11, and the oil supply path 52E communicates with the oil reservoir 52D.

  When the housing 11 and the cover 17 are connected on the mating surface, the partition wall 71 of the housing 11 and the partition wall 72 of the cover 17 are completely matched, and the cavity 52A and the cavity 52B serve as the second upper reservoir 52 and the oil. An introduction opening 52C and an oil reservoir 52D are formed. The lower surface of the second upper reservoir 52 has a substantially downward slope from the oil introduction opening 52C toward the oil reservoir 52D.

  The oil scooped up from the lower reservoir 50 by the ring gear 44 enters the second oil reservoir 52 when entering the second upper reservoir 52 through the oil introduction opening 52C formed by the partition walls 71 and 72. It is received by the oil receiving surface 61 of the rib 60. A part of the oil received by the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60 flows down along the downward slope of the oil distribution surface 62 of the oil receiving rib 60 and eventually falls into the second upper reservoir 52. And will be stored. The oil stored in the second upper storage part 52 exerts a lubricating action in the following order on the lubrication required part B of the gear chamber 14 disposed in the vicinity of the second upper storage part 52.

  (1) The oil stored in the second upper storage part 52 gathers in the oil reservoir 52D, and the oil collected in the oil reservoir 52D is supplied to the closed end of the cover 17 as shown in FIG. The passage 52E is supplied to the side chamber 33B of the bearing 33 for the input shaft 31 held by the boss 33A of the cover 17, and a part of the oil passes between the balls of the bearing 33 to lubricate the bearing 33. The seizure prevention and cooling of the bearing 33 are performed.

  (2) The oil that has flowed into the gear chamber 14 after lubricating the bearing 33 lubricates and cools the meshing portion of the input gear 34 and the first intermediate gear 38 around the input shaft 31, and then lowers the lower portion of the housing 11. And return to the lower reservoir 50.

  (3) The remaining oil supplied to the side chamber 33B of the cover 17 is transferred from the oil supply passage 52F formed in the closed end of the cover 17 to the intermediate shaft 35 held by the boss 37A of the cover 17. The oil is supplied to the side chamber 37 </ b> B of the bearing 37, and a part of the oil passes between the balls of the bearing 37 to lubricate the bearing 37 and prevent the bearing 37 from being seized and cooled.

  (4) The oil that has flowed into the gear chamber 14 after lubricating the bearing 37 lubricates and cools the first intermediate gear 38 around the intermediate shaft 35 and the meshing portion with the input gear 34, and then lowers the lower portion of the housing 11. And return to the lower reservoir 50.

  (5) The remaining oil supplied to the side chamber 37B of the cover 17 passes through the hollow portion 35A of the intermediate shaft 35 opened to the side chamber 37B, so that the intermediate shaft 35 is held by the boss 36A of the partition wall 12. The bearing 36 is supplied to the side chamber 36 </ b> B and passes between the balls of the bearing 36 to lubricate the bearing 36 to prevent seizure and cool the bearing 36.

  (6) The oil that has flowed into the gear chamber 14 after lubricating the bearing 36 lubricates and cools the meshing portion of the second intermediate gear 39 and its ring gear 44 around the intermediate shaft 35, and then is placed in the lower portion of the housing 11. It falls and returns to the lower reservoir 50.

(Lubrication system to the lubrication required part C on the left end side of the differential case 40)
As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8, the differential device 10 is configured to remove oil that has been scraped up from the lower reservoir 50 and scattered in the housing 11 as the ring gear 44 rotates, into the bearing at the left end of the differential case 40. As an oil collecting structure to be supplied to 42, a third upper storage portion 53 is formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8, the differential device 10 has a boss that holds a bearing 42 that pivotally supports the left end portion of the output shaft 41 of the differential case 40 on the inner surface of the housing 11 that defines the differential chamber 15. 42A is provided. An oil collecting space 83 formed by rising walls 81 and 82 rising in parallel from both sides of the upper portion of the boss 42A on the inner surface of the housing 11 and the boss 42A is provided as a third upper storage portion 53. Therefore, the lower side face of the oil collecting space 83 facing the differential case 40 is closed with a lubricating plate, in this embodiment the left lubricating plate 84, and the upper side face thereof is the upper part of the outer periphery of the ring gear 44 rotating in the differential chamber 15. It opens as an oil introduction opening 53A that faces the left side.

  The differential device 10 attaches the left lubricating plate 84 to the opposing wall surfaces of the compatible ascending walls 81 and 82 without any gap, and from the upper end portion forming the oil introduction opening 53A toward the lower end portion attached to the boss 42A side. It is extended to make a downward slope. Then, the output shaft held by the boss 42A from the lowermost portion of the third upper storage portion 53 to the upper end portion (circumferential uppermost portion) of the boss 42A to which the lower end portion of the left lubricating plate 84 is attached. A slit-shaped oil supply path 53B is formed in the bearing 42 for the bearing 41 and extends to the side chamber 42B.

  The oil scooped up from the lower reservoir 50 by the ring gear 44 enters the oil introduction opening 53A directly from the ring gear 44 or flows along the wall surface of the housing 11 before being introduced into the third upper reservoir 53. Stored. The oil stored in the third upper storage portion 53 exerts a lubricating action in the following order on the upper storage portion C on the left end side of the differential case 40 disposed in proximity to the third upper storage portion 53.

  (1) The oil stored in the third upper storage portion 53 is held by the boss 42A of the housing 11 from the oil supply path 53B formed in the boss 42A on the inner surface of the housing 11 as described above. It is supplied to the side chamber 42B of the bearing 42 for the output shaft 41. Part of the oil supplied to the side chamber 42 </ b> B passes between the balls of the bearing 42 to lubricate the bearing 42 to prevent seizure and cool the bearing 42. The oil supplied to the side chamber 42B simultaneously lubricates an oil seal 49L provided in the left shaft hole of the housing 11 for the left axle L. The oil that has lubricated the bearing 42 and the oil seal 49L falls from between the balls of the bearing 42 to the lower portion of the housing 11 and returns to the lower reservoir 50.

  (2) The remaining oil supplied to the side chamber 42B of the housing 11 passes through the outer peripheral spiral groove a (FIG. 5) of the support shaft 46A for the side gear 45A pivotally supported in the shaft hole of the differential case 40. It flows into the inside of 40A and lubricates differential devices such as side gears 45A and 45B and differential pinions 47A and 47B inside the differential case 40A. The oil that has lubricated the differential device inside the differential case 40 </ b> A falls from the window portion of the differential case 40 </ b> A to the lower portion of the housing 11 and returns to the lower storage portion 50.

(Lubrication system to lubrication required part D on the right end side of the differential case 40)
As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 9, the differential device 10 is configured to remove oil that has been scraped from the lower reservoir 50 and scattered in the housing 11 as the ring gear 44 rotates, into the bearing at the right end of the differential case 40. As an oil collecting structure for supplying to 43, a fourth upper reservoir 54 is formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 9, the differential device 10 has a boss that holds a bearing 43 that pivotally supports the right end of the output shaft 41 of the differential case 40 on the inner surface of the cover 17 that defines the differential chamber 15. 43A is provided. An oil collecting space 93 formed by rising walls 91 and 92 rising in parallel with each other from both sides of the upper portion of the boss 43A on the inner surface of the cover 17 and the boss 43A is provided as a fourth upper storage portion 54. Therefore, the lower side surface of the oil collecting space 93 facing the differential case 40 is closed with a lubricating plate, in this embodiment, the right lubricating plate 94, and the upper side surface is the upper part of the outer periphery of the ring gear 44 that rotates in the differential chamber 15. It opens as an oil introduction opening 54A facing the right side.

  The differential device 10 has a right lubricating plate 94 attached to the opposing wall surfaces (end faces) of the compatible ascending walls 91 and 92 without any gap, and from the upper part forming the oil introduction opening 54A to the lower part attached to the boss 43A side. It is extended so as to make a downward slope. Then, the output shaft held by the boss 43A from the lowermost portion of the fourth upper storage portion 54 to the upper end portion (circumferential uppermost portion) of the boss 43A to which the lower end portion of the right lubricating plate 94 is attached. A slit-shaped oil supply passage 54B extending to the side chamber 43B of the bearing 43 for the bearing 41 is cut out.

  The oil scooped up from the lower reservoir 50 by the ring gear 44 enters the oil introduction opening 54A directly from the ring gear 44 or flows along the wall surface of the cover 17 and then introduced into the fourth upper reservoir 54. Stored. The oil stored in the fourth upper storage portion 54 exerts a lubricating action in the following order on the lubrication required portion D on the right end side of the differential case 40 disposed in the vicinity of the fourth upper storage portion 54.

  (1) The oil stored in the fourth upper storage portion 54 is held by the boss 43A of the cover 17 from the oil supply passage 54B formed in the boss 43A on the inner surface of the cover 17 as described above. It is supplied to the side chamber 43B of the bearing 43 for the output shaft 41. Part of the oil supplied to the side chamber 43 </ b> B passes between the balls of the bearing 43 and lubricates the bearing 43 to prevent seizure and cool the bearing 43. The oil supplied to the side chamber 43B simultaneously lubricates an oil seal 49R provided in the right shaft hole of the cover 17 for the right axle R. The oil that has lubricated the bearing 43 and the oil seal 49R falls from between the balls of the bearing 43 to the lower portion of the cover 17 and returns to the lower reservoir 50.

  (2) The remaining oil supplied to the side chamber 43B of the cover 17 passes through the outer peripheral spiral groove b (FIG. 5) of the support shaft 46B for the side gear 45B pivotally supported by the shaft hole of the differential case 40. It flows into the interior of 40A and lubricates differential devices such as the side gears 45B and 46B and the differential pinions 47A and 47B inside the differential case 40A. The oil that has lubricated the differential device inside the differential case 40 </ b> A falls from the window of the differential case 40 </ b> A to the lower part of the cover 17 and returns to the lower storage part 50.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following operational effects are obtained.
First, when the differential apparatus 10 arranges the plurality of upper storage portions 51 to 54 close to the plurality of lubrication necessary portions A to D inside the housing 11, the following operational effects are obtained.

  (a) In the differential apparatus 10 with a motor, a lower reservoir 50 for storing oil is provided in a lower portion inside the housing 11 so as to immerse a part of the ring gear 44, and from the lower reservoir 50 as the ring gear 44 rotates. First to fourth upper storage portions 51 to 54 for storing the scooped-up oil are provided at four locations in the upper part inside the housing 11. The first upper storage portion 51 for the lubrication required portion A of the motor chamber 13, the second upper storage portion 52 for the lubrication required portion B of the gear chamber 14, and the lubrication required portion C on one end side of the differential case 40. The third upper storage portion 53 is disposed close to the lubrication required portion D on the other end side of the differential case 40, respectively.

  Therefore, the oil stored in each of the plurality of upper storage parts 51 to 54 can be smoothly supplied to each of the lubrication necessary parts A to D disposed in proximity thereto. Even if acceleration / deceleration or turning G acts, the oil that has been scraped from the lower reservoir 50 of the housing 11 to the upper reservoirs 51 to 54 is always stabilized in a plurality of lubrication required parts A to D defined inside the housing 11. Can be supplied.

  The oil is scraped up by only one ring gear 44 and supplied to the plurality of upper storage portions 51 to 54 inside the housing 11 and thus to the lubrication required portions A to D, and the stirring resistance loss caused by the oil scraping is reduced. can do.

  Since the motor 20 does not accompany oil scooping and the ring gear 44 scoops up oil, the oil scavenging effect is great. Further, even if the motor chamber 13 is scraped up, it is not necessary to store a large amount of oil, and the oil temperature of the oil due to stirring of the oil scraping is not caused in the motor chamber 13.

  (b) An oil receiving surface 61 that intersects with the output shaft 41 of the differential case 40 and has a partition wall 12 that partitions the motor chamber 13 and the gear chamber 14 inside the housing 11 and that opposes the oil that the ring gear 44 scrapes up. An oil receiving rib 60 for receiving the oil protrudes from the partition wall 12 on the gear chamber 14 side, and is connected to an upper storage portion 51 on the motor chamber 13 side at the root of the oil receiving rib 60 on the oil receiving surface 61 side of the partition wall 12. A hole 12A is provided, and an oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 is provided in a part of the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60 so as to descend toward the upper storage portion 52 side on the gear chamber 14 side. The other part of the oil receiving surface 61 of the rib 60 is provided with an oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 that is inclined downward toward the hole 12A and the upper storage portion 51 on the motor chamber 13 side. .

  An oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 of the oil receiving rib 60 that generates an oil flow toward the upper storage portion 52 on the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12 is a mold that forms the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12 in the housing 11. The down-gradient of the oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 can be formed on the rib by the draft which is in the draft direction and is indispensable in casting using this mold.

  The oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 of the oil receiving rib 60 that generates an oil flow toward the upper reservoir 51 on the motor chamber 13 side of the partition wall 12 is a mold that forms the motor chamber 13 side of the partition wall 12 in the housing 11. A downward slope of the oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 can be formed on the rib 60 by a draft that is in the direction of drafting and is indispensable in casting using this mold.

  Both the oil distribution surfaces 62 and 63 for the gear chamber 14 and the motor chamber 13 of the oil receiving rib 60 are formed on the single oil receiving rib 60, and can be easily formed by a mold. By the surfaces 62 and 63, the oil scraped up by the ring gear 44 can be distributed to the upper storage portions 51 and 52 on both sides of the partition wall 12.

  In the differential device 10, the four upper reservoirs 51 to 54 are provided, and the volumes of the upper reservoirs 51 to 54 are adjusted according to the oil requirements of the respective lubrication required parts A to D corresponding thereto. Therefore, it is not necessary to connect the upper reservoirs 51 to 54 through an oil passage to balance the amount of oil.

  Further, the differential apparatus 10 is provided with first and second upper storage portions 51 and 52 on one side and the other side of the partition wall 12 provided in the housing 11, and an oil receiving rib projecting on one side of the partition wall 12. By providing the oil receiving surface 61 of 60 with the oil distribution surface 62 facing one side and the oil distribution surface 63 facing the other side, the following effects are obtained.

  (a) A partition wall 12 provided on a surface intersecting the output shaft 41 of the differential case 40 and partitioning the motor chamber 13 in which the motor 20 is disposed and the gear chamber 14 in which the reduction gear train 30 is disposed is provided inside the housing 11. The differential case 40 and the ring gear 44 are disposed on the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12, and upper storage portions 51 and 52 are provided on the motor chamber 13 side and the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12, respectively. An oil receiving rib 60 that receives the oil at an oil receiving surface 61 that faces the oil to be scraped protrudes toward the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12, and the root of the oil receiving rib 60 in the partition wall 12 on the oil receiving surface 61 side. Is provided with a hole 12A connected to the upper reservoirs 51 and 52 on the motor chamber 13 side, and an upper reservoir on the gear chamber 14 side in a part of the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60. 2 is provided with an oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 that is inclined downward toward the side 2, and the other side of the oil receiving surface 61 of the oil receiving rib 60 is on the side of the upper reservoir 51 on the side of the hole 12 </ b> A and the motor chamber 13. An oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 that is inclined downward is provided.

  An oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 of the oil receiving rib 60 that generates an oil flow toward the upper storage portion 52 on the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12 is a mold that forms the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12 in the housing 11. A downward slope of the oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 can be formed on the rib 60 by a draft that is in the direction of drafting and is indispensable in casting using this mold.

  The oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 of the oil receiving rib 60 that generates an oil flow toward the upper reservoir 51 on the motor chamber 13 side of the partition wall 12 is a mold that forms the motor chamber 13 side of the partition wall 12 in the housing 11. A downward slope of the oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 can be formed on the rib 60 by a draft that is in the direction of drafting and is indispensable in casting using this mold.

  Both the oil distribution surfaces 62 and 63 for the gear chamber 14 and the motor chamber 13 of the oil receiving rib 60 are formed on the single oil receiving rib 60, and can be easily formed by a mold. By the surfaces 62 and 63, the oil scraped up by the ring gear 44 can be distributed to the upper storage portions 51 and 52 on both sides of the partition wall 12.

  By setting the shapes of the oil distribution surfaces 62 and 63, the distribution amount corresponding to the required oil amount can be appropriately distributed to the upper storage portions 51 and 52 on the motor chamber 13 side and the gear chamber 14 side.

In the differential apparatus 10, the following (b) and (c) can be adopted.
(b) At least one upper storage section can be provided on each of the partition wall 12 of the housing 11 on the motor chamber 13 side and the gear chamber 14 side.

  (c) A plurality of upper storage portions are provided on the motor chamber 13 side and the gear chamber 14 side of the partition wall 12 of the housing 11, and the oil distribution surface 62 for the gear chamber 14 provided on the oil receiving rib 60 is a gear. A plurality of oil distribution surfaces 62 corresponding to the plurality of upper storage portions on the chamber 14 side are provided, and an oil distribution surface 63 for the motor chamber 13 provided on the oil receiving rib 60 corresponds to the plurality of upper storage portions on the motor chamber 13 side. A plurality of oil distribution surfaces 63 may be provided.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the present invention. For example, the present invention can be applied to other reduction gears such as a transaxle device. In such a speed reducer, when a rotating body such as a gear is disposed inside the housing, a lower reservoir for storing oil is provided in the lower part inside the housing so as to immerse a part of the rotating body and rotate. A plurality of upper reservoirs that store oil scooped up from the lower reservoir as the body rotates are provided at a plurality of locations inside the housing. It arranges in proximity to each of an upper storage part.

  According to the present invention, in a speed reduction device in which a rotating body is arranged inside a housing, a lower reservoir for storing oil is provided in a lower portion inside the housing so as to immerse a part of the rotating body, and the rotating body is rotated. Accordingly, a plurality of upper reservoirs that store the oil scooped up from the lower reservoir are arranged in the upper portion of the housing in proximity to each of the plurality of lubrication-required portions inside the housing. As a result, even if acceleration / deceleration or turning G acts in the speed reducer, oil that has been raked up from the lower storage part of the housing to the upper storage part is always stably supplied to a plurality of lubrication required parts defined inside the housing. In addition, it is possible to reduce the stirring resistance loss associated with the oil scraping.

10 Differential device with motor (decelerator)
11 Housing 12 Partition 12A Hole 13 Motor chamber 14 Gear chamber 15 Differential chamber 16 Cap 17 Cover 20 Motor 30 Reduction gear train 40 Differential case (rotating body)
41 Output shaft (rotary shaft)
44 Ring gear (rotating body)
50 Lower Reservoir 51 First Upper Reservoir 52 Second Upper Reservoir 53 Third Upper Reservoir 54 Fourth Upper Reservoir

Claims (2)

In a speed reducer comprising a rotating body arranged inside a housing,
A lower storage part for storing oil so as to immerse a part of the rotating body is provided in the lower part inside the housing,
A plurality of upper reservoirs for storing oil scooped up from the lower reservoir along with the rotation of the rotating body are provided at a plurality of locations inside the housing,
A speed reducer comprising: a plurality of upper storage portions defined inside a housing, each being disposed close to a plurality of lubrication required portions. In a differential device with a motor in which a motor, a reduction gear train and a differential case are arranged inside the housing, and a ring gear is attached to the differential case,
A lower storage part for storing oil so as to immerse a part of the ring gear is provided in the lower part inside the housing,
The first to fourth upper reservoirs that store the oil scooped up from the lower reservoir along with the rotation of the ring gear are provided at four locations inside the housing,
A first upper reservoir for the lubrication required portion of the motor chamber, a second upper reservoir for the lubrication required portion of the gear chamber, a third upper reservoir for the lubrication required portion on one end side of the differential case, A differential apparatus with a motor, characterized in that a fourth upper storage section is disposed close to each of the lubrication-required sections on the other end side of the differential case.

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