JP2012184790A - One-way clutch capable of bidirectionally idling - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a one-way clutch capable of bidirectionally idling, which is constructed with a smaller number of components, easy to assemble and inexpensive to manufacture.SOLUTION: A cage holding an intermediate member is switchable into a first position where an inside member or an outside member is bidirectionally rotatable, a second position where it is locked to be non-rotatable in one direction but rotatable in the other direction, and a third position where it is locked to be non-rotatable in the other direction but rotatable in the one direction. The outside member or the inside member and the cage have lock parts for cooperatively determining the first position, the second position or the third position to temporarily lock the cage to one of the first-third positions.

Description

  The present invention provides a first position in which the inner member and the outer member can freely rotate with each other, and second and third positions in which the inner member and the outer member lock in one direction and rotate in the other direction. And a one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling.

  A structure in which an inner member such as an inner ring and an outer member such as an outer ring can freely rotate in both directions and a state in which the inner member and the outer member are locked with each other and cannot be rotated are selected. Various switching clutches that idle in two directions and lock in both directions have already been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The two-way idling / lock switching clutch according to the invention of Patent Document 1 described above includes a cam surface which is a concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member, and the cage rotates with the inner member having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface. The structure is such that an intermediate member such as a roller (roller) always contacts the inner member. The clutch of this structure is in a two-way idle state where the inner member can idle in both forward and reverse directions when the cage is operated from the outside and the intermediate member is located at the center of the cam surface, or the intermediate member is in the cam surface The intermediate member is in a locked state where the intermediate member bites between the outer member and the inner member so that the outer member and the inner member cannot rotate relative to each other. That is, in the locked state, the cage rotates with the inner member rotating in either the forward or reverse direction, so the intermediate member bites between the inner member and the cam surface of the outer member, and the inner member and the outer member And are locked in both forward and reverse directions.

  Further, the clutch of this structure is a structure in which the cage always contacts the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, and in the idling state, the intermediate member held by the cage fixed at a fixed position by the operation mechanism is in the fixed position. Have to roll on. Therefore, the contact resistance between the cage and the intermediate member is large, which increases the contact resistance between the intermediate member and the inner member, and in fact cannot freely idle freely in two directions. The inner member is rotated in a state where it is applied. This not only causes noise due to friction between the intermediate member and the inner member, but also becomes a serious problem depending on the application.

  Further, in the embodiment of the above-described two-way idling / lock switching clutch according to Patent Document 2, a cam surface having a concave surface such as a V shape is formed on the inner peripheral surface of an outer member such as an outer ring. Although there is a difference between providing a cam surface on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member or a cam surface on the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, the one in Patent Document 2 is also the two-way idling / As in the case of the lock switching clutch, a switching operation between bidirectional idle rotation and bidirectional lock is performed. In other words, when the clutch is in the locked state, the cage rotates with the outer member rotating in either the forward or reverse direction, so that the intermediate member bites between the inner member and the cam surface of the outer member, both forward and reverse. The structure is locked in the direction.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-277329 JP-A-11-182590

  Since Patent Documents 1 and 2 are structures in which the cage rotates when the inner member or the outer member rotates in either the forward or reverse direction, when the lock is switched in one direction or the other direction, Both forward and reverse are locked. Accordingly, when the lock is switched in one direction or the other direction, even if a rotational force in the opposite direction to the inner member or the outer member is applied to the inner member or the outer member, it cannot be rotated, so that it does not function as a one-way clutch.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above. The one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to the present invention has a function in which either the inner member or the outer member can idly rotate in both forward and reverse directions, and only in one direction when the lock is switched in one direction or the other direction. And a one-way clutch function that can rotate in the other direction.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, an outer member having an annular portion having a plurality of cam surfaces formed at a constant interval on a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and a position corresponding to the cam surface of the outer member are respectively disposed. A plurality of intermediate members, and a plurality of intermediate members which are respectively displaced in a rotational direction with respect to the outer member by an external force and are moved to the first position, the second position, and the third position. A one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling, comprising a cage that can regulate the position of the intermediate member and a spring member that gives elastic force in a rotational direction to the intermediate member from both sides, the outer member and the cage Is determined in cooperation with each other to determine the first position, the second position, and the third position, and from the first position to any one of the third positions. A retaining portion capable of temporarily retaining the retainer, and when the retainer stays in the first position, the intermediate member is positioned at the center of the cam surface, so that the circle of the outer member is An inner member arranged concentrically so as to face away from the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion can idle in either direction, and the cage is displaced by a predetermined angle to one side of the first position. When the intermediate member remains in the second position, the intermediate member is located at a position displaced from the center of the cam surface and is pressed against both the cam surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner member. The intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, the inner member and the outer member are locked to each other, and the inner member is When rotating in the rotation direction, the intermediate member does not engage the inner member and the outer member by the elastic force of the spring member, the inner member can rotate in the other rotation direction, and the cage is When the intermediate member remains at the third position displaced by a predetermined angle on the other side of the one position, the intermediate member is at a position displaced from the center of the cam surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the cam surface and the inner member When the inner member tries to rotate in the other rotation direction, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, and the inner member and the outer member are locked to each other. When the inner member rotates in one rotation direction, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member by the elastic force of the spring member. Accordingly, a one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling is proposed, in which the inner member is rotatable in one rotation direction.

  According to a second invention, in the first invention, the retainer has a retaining annular portion having a circular center hole through which the inner member is inserted, and one surface of the retaining annular portion in the same direction at a constant interval. A plurality of holding pieces extending, and at one end of the outer member, a central hole through which the inner member can be inserted, and the holding pieces of the retainer at regular intervals around the central hole. A side wall including a holding hole to be inserted is provided, and the holding hole has a size that allows the holding piece to move from the second position to the third position in the rotation direction. A one-way clutch capable of two-way idling is proposed.

  According to a third invention, in the second invention, the plurality of holding pieces are made of an elastic material, and are inserted into the holding hole, and a convex portion and a concave portion are formed on the outer side or the inner side of the holding hole. At least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed on the surface of the holding piece corresponding to the outer side or the inner side of the holding hole, and the outer side or the inner side of the holding hole. A one-way clutch capable of two-way idling is proposed, wherein the convex portion or the concave portion of the holding piece and the concave portion or the convex portion of the holding piece form the engaging portion.

  According to a fourth invention, in the second invention or the third invention, at least a part of the plurality of holding pieces has an engaging portion protruding radially at a tip portion thereof, and the holding pieces are When inserted into the holding hole, the engaging portion is engaged with the side wall portion of the outer member so that the retainer is not removed from the outer member in the axial direction perpendicular to the rotation direction. We propose a one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling.

  In a fifth aspect based on the first aspect, the retainer includes a retaining annular portion having a circular center hole through which the inner member is inserted, and the retaining annular portion is made of an elastic material and has an outer peripheral surface. At least one of a convex portion and a concave portion is formed, and on the annular side surface of the outer member in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the holding annular portion, a concave portion in which the convex portion formed in the holding annular portion is locked, Or the convex part latched by the said recessed part formed in the said holding | maintenance annular part is formed, and the said convex part and the said recessed part of the said outer member and the said holder | retainer form the said latching | locking part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. A one-way clutch capable of two-way idling is proposed.

  According to a sixth invention, in the first invention, the retainer is made of an elastic material and has a retaining annular portion having a circular center hole through which the inner member is inserted, and an outer peripheral portion of the retaining annular portion. And at least one of a convex portion and a concave portion is formed on the inner surface of the holding annular portion in the vicinity of the operating portion, and the inner side of the holding annular portion in the vicinity of the operating portion. On the annular side surface of the outer member in contact with the surface to be formed, or on the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the annular side surface, the convex portion formed on the cage or the concave portion or the convex portion that is locked to the concave portion is formed, A one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling is proposed, wherein the outer member, the convex portion and the concave portion of the cage form the locking portion.

  The seventh invention includes an inner member having a plurality of cam surfaces formed at a predetermined interval on a cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and a plurality of intermediate members respectively disposed at positions corresponding to the cam surfaces of the inner member. Each of the intermediate members is held, and is displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the inner member by an external force to restrict the position of the intermediate member to the first position, the second position, and the third position. A one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling, wherein the inner member and the cage cooperate with each other. Then, the first position, the second position, and the third position are determined, and the cage is temporarily moved to any one of the first position to the third position. When the retainer remains in the first position, the intermediate member is positioned at the center of the cam surface so as to face away from the outer peripheral surface of the inner member. When the outer member arranged concentrically with the outer member can idle in either direction and the retainer remains in the second position displaced by a predetermined angle on one side of the first position, the intermediate member When the member is in a position displaced from the center of the cam surface and pressed against both the cam surface and the inner peripheral surface of the outer member, the outer member attempts to rotate in one rotational direction. When the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, the inner member and the outer member are locked to each other, and the outer member rotates in the other rotation direction. Due to the elastic force of the spring member, the intermediate member does not bite the inner member and the outer member, the outer member can rotate in the other rotation direction, and the cage is in the other of the first positions. When the intermediate member remains in the third position displaced by a predetermined angle to the side, the intermediate member is in a position displaced from the center of the cam surface, and is pushed against both the cam surface and the inner peripheral surface of the outer member. When the outer member tries to rotate in the other rotation direction by being applied, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, and the inner member and the outer member are locked to each other, and the outer member Is rotated in one direction of rotation, the intermediate member does not engage the inner member and the outer member by the elastic force of the spring member, and the outer member A one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling is proposed.

  According to the present invention, either the inner member or the outer member not only has a function capable of idling in both forward and reverse directions, but also has a one-way clutch function in a state where lock switching is performed in one direction or the other direction. It is possible to realize a one-way clutch that can rotate freely in both directions. This one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling has a structure that has a small number of parts, is easy to assemble, and can be manufactured at low cost.

It is a figure which shows the one-way clutch which can carry out bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the front view (A), sectional drawing (B), and back view (C) of the bidirectional | two-way idling / lock switching clutch of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the one-way clutch in which bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention is possible. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the holder | retainer used for the one-way clutch which can carry out bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows two examples (A) and (B) of the engagement structure of the holding hole and holding piece of the side wall part of the one-way clutch which can carry out the bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. The figure for demonstrating three examples (A), (B), (C) of the latching | locking part of the holding hole and holding piece of the side wall part of the one-way clutch which can carry out bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. It is. It is a figure which shows the side surface (A) and cross section (B) of the one-way clutch which can carry out bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the latching | locking part which determines the position of the holder | retainer of the one-way clutch in which bi-directional idling of Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention is possible. It is a front view (A), a sectional view (B), and a perspective view (C) of a one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the latching | locking part which determines the position of the holder | retainer of the one way clutch of Embodiment 3 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the one-way clutch which can carry out bidirectional | two-way idling of Embodiment 4 which concerns on this invention.

  The one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idle rotation according to the present invention has a concave cam surface on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member or the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, and when the cage positions the intermediate member at the center of the cam surface, The outer member and the inner member can idle in both forward and reverse directions. The clutch exhibits a one-way clutch function when the retainer is in a position where the intermediate member is displaced from the center of the cam surface to either side and pressed against the cam surface. For example, in the case of the one-way clutch function, when the rotational force is applied in the locking direction, the locked state is established, and when the rotational force is applied in the free direction, the cage rotates idly without switching the position of the cage. In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment shown below, It shall be included in this invention, unless it deviates from the technical idea of this invention. In the present specification and drawings, components having the same reference numerals indicate members having the same name.

[Embodiment 1]
The one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to the first embodiment of the present invention is roughly divided into an annular outer ring or a housing as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, 2B, and 2C. A stationary outer member 1, a rotating inner member 2 such as an annular inner ring or a cylindrical shaft, and a cage that is locked to the outer member 1 so as not to be rotated with the inner member 2. 3, an intermediate member 4 such as a roller (roller) or a ball, which is arranged between the outer member 1 and the inner member 2 and is held by the cage 3, and the intermediate member has a radially outward or radially outward direction. It is comprised from the spring member 5 which provides the elastic force containing pressing force. FIG. 1 shows a state where the inner member is not attached.

  Here, when the inner member 2 is a shaft, the shaft may be incorporated from the beginning into a one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idle rotation, but initially the shaft is not incorporated. For example, when the one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling is incorporated in a device, the one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling may be assembled to a suitable shaft of the device. Needless to say, a bidirectional slipping one-way clutch into which the inner member 2 is incorporated later is also included in the scope of the present invention.

  The outer member 1 includes a short cylindrical annular part 11 and a side wall part 12 formed integrally with the annular part 11 or a side wall part 12 formed separately from the annular part 11. As shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C, the annular portion 11 has an inner peripheral surface 11A and an outer peripheral surface 11B, and the inner peripheral surface 11A has the same structure 5 at regular intervals. A number of cam surfaces C are formed. On the outer peripheral surface 11B, three fixing recesses F to be attached to a device (not shown) are formed at equal intervals. Each cam surface C is a recess having a concave shape in a V shape or an arc shape that is deep in the center from the annular inner peripheral surface 11A and shallows on both sides. The shape of the cam surface C has already been disclosed in various ways, and the shape of the cam surface C is not particularly limited. When the intermediate member 4 is located at the center of the cam surface C, the inner member 2 is both forward and reverse. The cam surface C only needs to have a shape that forms a wedge-shaped space with the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 2 on both sides shifted from the center, that is, displaced. The number of cam surfaces may be any number as long as it is three or more, and the fixing recess F may be a protrusion.

  The side wall portion 12 of the outer member 1 includes a central hole 12A through which the inner member 2 is inserted, and holding holes 12B formed at regular intervals around the central hole 12A. Each of the holding holes 12B is a circular or rectangular hole that is longer in the rotational direction than in the radial direction, and receives a holding piece of the holder 3 described later, and holds the holding piece in a range in the rotational direction. It has a size that can move in the hole 12B. The number of holding holes 12B is the same as that of the cam surface C. In the case where the side wall portion 12 is formed separately from the annular portion 11, although not shown, the side wall portion 12 is fixed to one end of the annular portion 11 by press-fitting or the like, or the holding piece of the cage 3 is attached. The side wall portion 12 is locked to one end of the annular portion 11 by being received in the holding hole 12B. And when the side wall part 12 is made separately from the annular part 11, the annular part 11 is comprised with a metal material with a large abrasion resistance compared with resin material, for example, and the side wall part 12 is inexpensive resin. It can also be made of a material. In addition, when the side wall part 12 and the annular part 11 are comprised separately, the apparatus which attaches this clutch to the fixing recess F currently formed in the outer peripheral surface of the side wall part 12 and the annular part 11, respectively. The side wall portion 12 and the annular portion 11 are integrally fixed by being fitted to the convex portions. Therefore, it can prevent that the annular part 11 and the side wall part 12 rotate separately, respectively, and the position of the cam surface C with respect to the holder | retainer 3 and the intermediate member 4 can be set appropriately.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the inner member 2 is a cylindrical shaft, preferably five pieces so as to hardly come into contact with the wall of the central hole 12A of the side wall portion 12 of the outer member 1. The intermediate member 4 is supported. Although not shown, if necessary, the outer ring of the radial bearing may be fixed to the central hole 12A of the side wall 12 and the inner member 2 may be fixed to the inner ring. In this case, as will be described later, the inner member 2 can rotate without rattling even when the inner member 2 is idled in both directions.

  The retainer 3 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin having elasticity such as polyacetal, and the like, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 4, and the like, from the surface 31 </ b> A that is inside the retaining annular portion 31 and the retaining annular portion 31. It consists of five holding pieces 32 extending. The holding annular portion 31 includes a circular center hole 31B having a size that allows the inner member 2 to be inserted, and an operation portion 33 that protrudes radially outward is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holding annular portion 31. Elasticity means that even if the material itself does not have a great ability to stretch, it is flexible in shape and can be deformed without being destroyed by a pressing force from the outside, and can return to its original state when the pressing force is removed. It shall include the meaning of flexibility. A through-hole 34 formed in the vicinity of the operation unit 33 is a mark indicating a neutral position, that is, a first position which is an idling position to be described later, for example, the character N can be seen from the through-hole 34 and the clutch can idle. It is for confirming whether it is in a state. This is not always necessary.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the retainer 3 is assembled into the outer member 1, the retaining piece 32 is located inside the region 31 </ b> Aa outside the surface 31 </ b> A of the retaining annular portion 31 with which the annular side surface 13 of the outer member 1 contacts. Thus, they are formed at equal intervals around the central hole 31B. Each holding piece 32 includes a wide portion 32A having a large width and a narrow portion 32B having a narrower width and a smaller width. Although not shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate member 4 is held between the wide portion 32 </ b> A and the wide portion 32 </ b> A of the adjacent holding pieces 32 so as to be pressed from both sides in the rotational direction by the spring member 5. In the case where the inner member 2 is not provided, as shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate portions 4 in the adjacent wide portions 32 </ b> A and the wide portions 32 </ b> A of the retainer 3 are prevented from falling off in the direction of the central hole 12 </ b> A. The distance between the claw portions 32Aa in the vicinity of the hole 12A is smaller than the diameter of the intermediate member 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 2B, 2C, and 5, the narrow portion 32B of each holding piece 32 is inserted into the holding hole 12B and displaced in the rotation direction in the holding hole 12B as shown in FIG. It is of a size that can be done. The front end portion of the narrow portion 32B is an engaging portion 32C that protrudes in the radially outward direction, and the engaging portion 32C prevents the retainer 3 from being pulled out in the direction of the axis XX shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, when the retainer 3 is assembled into the outer member 1, each retaining piece 32 is inserted inside, that is, in the direction of the axis XX and inserted into the five retaining holes 12 </ b> B of the side wall portion 12, or When the holding piece 32 is inserted into the holding hole 32, the inclined surface of the engaging portion 32 </ b> C protruding outward in the radial direction of the holding piece 32 slides along the outer side 12 </ b> Bc of the holding hole 32 and moves in the direction of the inner member 2. It has a full structure.

  For example, in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the state where no external force is applied to the holding piece 32, the locking surface 32 </ b> Ca of the engaging portion 32 </ b> C of each holding piece 32 is substantially the same as the outer side 12 </ b> Ba of each holding hole 12 </ b> B. Or it is outside. In other words, the diameter of the imaginary circle formed by connecting the locking surfaces 32Ca is preferably the same as or larger than the diameter of the imaginary circle formed by connecting the outer sides 12Ba. In this case, as will be described later, the locking surface 32Ca of the engaging portion 32C of the holding piece 32 presses the outer side 12Ba of each holding hole 12B with a desired pressure by the elastic force of the holding piece 32. It is easy to obtain a large locking force.

  Since each holding piece 32 and each holding hole 12B have the same structure, an example of one set of holding piece 32 and holding hole 12B will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B are views showing cross sections of the holding hole 12B of the side wall portion 12 and the tip end portion of the holding piece 32 of the cage 3, and show different examples. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of the holding hole 12B of the side wall part 12 and the narrow part 32B of the holding piece 32 of the holder 3, and (A) to (C) show different examples. As an example, since each holding piece 32 is squeezed inward as described above and the narrow portion 32B of the holding piece 32 is inserted into the holding hole 12B of the side wall portion 12, as shown in FIG. The locking surface 32Ca of the engaging portion 32C at the tip presses the outer side 12Ba of the holding hole 12B.

  FIG. 6 shows a locked state between the locking surface 32Ca of the engaging portion 32C and the outer side 12Ba of the holding hole 12B. The outer side 12Ba of the holding hole 12B has an arcuate shape, and as shown in FIG. 6 (A) or FIG. 6 (B), there are three protrusions G1, G2, G3 or three recesses g1, g2, and g3 are formed at regular intervals. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the engaging portion 32 </ b> C includes a removal prevention surface 32 </ b> Cb that engages with the step surface 12 </ b> Bb of the holding hole 12 </ b> B, and the retainer 3 is incorporated in the outer member 1. In the state, the step surface 12Bb and the removal preventing surface 32Cb function to prevent the retainer 3 from being removed in the left direction in FIG. 5, that is, in the same direction as the direction of the axis XX. Moreover, when the side wall part 12 is made separately from the annular part 11, it also functions to prevent the side wall part 12 from falling off.

  The locking surface 32Ca has an arc shape with the same curvature as the outer side 12Ba of the holding hole 12B. The locking surface 32Ca has three concave portions as shown in FIG. 6 (A) or FIG. 6 (B). g1, g2, g3, or three convex portions G1, G2, G3 are formed at regular intervals. The intervals between the convex portions G1 and G2 and the convex portions G2 and G3 are substantially the same as the intervals between the concave portions g1 and g2 and the concave portions g2 and g3, and the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 accept the convex portions G1, G2, and G3. Can do. These convex portions G1, G2, and G3 and concave portions g1, g2, and g3 cooperate to form the locking portion, and a first position that enables the inner member 2 to be idled in detail later, an inner member The cage 3 is temporarily held in the second and third positions where the two are locked in different directions. In addition, the shape of these convex parts G1, G2, G3 and the concave parts g1, g2, g3 is not particularly limited, and since each holding piece 32 has elasticity, depending on the height of the convex parts, the depth of the concave parts, or the shape. They do not always have to be pressed against each other, as long as the convex portions G1, G2, G3 are accommodated in the concave portions g1, g2, g3.

  The convex portions G1, G2, and G3 cannot escape from the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 at a rotational force of a certain size or less, and the cage 3 does not displace in the rotational direction with respect to the outer member 1, but exceeds a certain size. When a rotational force is applied, the convex portions G 1, G 2, G 3 escape from the concave portions g 1, g 2, g 3, and the cage 3 is displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the outer member 1. If the structure enables such an operation, the shape of the convex portions G1, G2, G3 and the concave portions g1, g2, g3 is not particularly limited, but the convex portions G1, G2, G3 are arc-shaped projections, Or a trapezoidal protrusion is preferable. The recesses g1, g2, and g3 are preferably arc-shaped depressions that receive the arc-shaped protrusions G1, G2, and G3, or trapezoidal or V-shaped depressions that receive the trapezoidal protrusions G1, G2, and G3. .

  Further, the concave portions g1, g2, g3 or the convex portions G1, G2, G3 may be formed on the outer surface 32Ba of the narrow portion 32B of the holding piece 32 without being formed on the locking surface 32Ca of the engaging portion 32C. . In the holding hole 12B, the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 or the convex portions G1, G2, and G3 as described above are formed in the outer side 12Bc corresponding to the outer surface 32Ba. FIG. 5B shows a state in which the convex part G extending in the longitudinal direction of the holding piece 32 is in the groove-like concave part of the side wall part 12, and the outer side 12Ba of the holding hole 12B shows the bottom part of the concave part. The outer surface 32Ba of the narrow portion 32B of the piece 32 indicates the top of the convex portion G. In this case, the outer side 12Ba of the holding hole 12B is not in contact with the locking surface 32Ca of the engaging portion 32C, and the outer side 32Ba of the narrow portion 32B of the holding piece 32 presses the outer side 12Bc of the holding hole 12B. It is supposed to be. A part of the holding pieces 32 may have only the engaging portions 32C, the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 or the convex portions G1, G2, and G3.

  The number of the convex portions G1, G2, and G3 is not necessarily three, and may be one, for example, only the convex portion G2, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, although not shown, of course, only two of the convex portions G1 and G2 or the convex portions G2 and G3 may be used. Even in these cases, three recesses g1, g2, and g3 are required. In these cases, the depth of the recesses g1, g2, and g3 is increased, and the protrusions are not shown so that the protrusions G2 do not deviate counterclockwise of the recesses g1 or clockwise of the recesses g3. The height of G2 is increased, and the locking surface 32Ca between the recesses g1 and g2 and the locking surface 32Ca between the recesses g2 and g3 are lowered. In this way, when a certain amount of rotational force is applied to the cage 3, the cage 3 can be displaced between the concave portions g1 to g3 with respect to the convex portion G2, but the counterclockwise by removing the concave portion g1. It does not move in the direction or in the clockwise direction off the recess g3.

  In the above description, it has been described that each holding piece 32 has a shape or structure that is inserted into each holding hole 12B in a state where the holding piece 32 is swung inward. The shape or structure may be inserted into the hole 12B. Although not specifically illustrated, an example will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The engaging portion 32 </ b> C is formed on the inner side surface 32 </ b> Bb of the narrow portion 32 </ b> B of each holding piece 32, and the side wall portion 12. The step surface 12Bb is formed inside each holding hole 12B, and the engaging portion 32C formed on the inner side surface 32Bb of the narrow portion 32B presses the inner side 12Bd of each holding hole 12B. Then, recesses g1, g2, g3 or protrusions as shown in FIG. 6 are formed on the inner side 12Bd of each holding hole 12B and the engaging portion 32C formed on the inner side surface 32Bb of the narrow portion 32B of each holding piece 32. Portions G1, G2, and G3 are formed. As described above, even when the engaging portion is formed on the inner side 12Bd of each holding hole 12B and the inner side surface 32Bb of the narrow portion 32B of each holding piece 32, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  Next, the operation of this one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling will be described. When the cage 3 is in the neutral idle position, in FIG. 6A, the convex portion G1 is received in the concave portion g1, the convex portion G2 is received in the concave portion g2, and the convex portion G3 is received in the concave portion g3. To do. When the idling position is the first position and the cage 3 is in the first position, each intermediate member 4 held by the cage 3 and the spring member 5 is within the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1. It is located at the center of each cam surface C formed on the peripheral surface 11A. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3A, each of the intermediate members 4 is preferably in contact with the center of the cam surface C, that is, the deep portion of the recess, by the spring member 5, and substantially in contact with the inner member 2. Absent.

  Therefore, the inner member 2 can freely idle in both directions, the intermediate member 4 is not erroneously engaged with the cam surfaces C of the inner member 2 and the outer member 1, and noise hardly occurs. Unless the external force greater than a predetermined value in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction is applied to the operation portion 33 of the cage 3, the cage 3 is brought into the first position by the locking of the convex portions G1 to G3 and the concave portions g1 to g3. stay. For example, when this one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling is incorporated in a fishing reel, the inner member can rotate with a small contact resistance in the idling state, so that it is wound around a reel (not shown) coupled to the inner member 2. It becomes easy to feed out the fishing line.

  Next, a clockwise force is applied to the operation portion 33 of the cage 3 to displace the cage 3 in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 3 (B), and from the first position to the second position. Shall be allowed to. At this time, in FIG. 6A, the recesses g1, g2, and g3 are shifted clockwise by one position, the recess g1 receives the projection G2, the recess g2 receives the projection G3, and the projection G1 is the locking surface. Located at 32Ca. Although not shown in FIG. 6A, the counterclockwise locking surface 32Ca of the recess g1 and the clockwise locking surface 32Ca of the recess g3 are substantially the same as the depth of the recess g1 or the recess g3. It is preferable.

  When the cage 3 is in the second position described above, the intermediate member 4 is in the position shown in FIG. 3B, and is located in a narrow wedge-shaped space formed by the shallow cam surface C and the inner member 2 on the right side of the drawing. The cam surface C and the inner member 2 are in contact with each other. In this state, when the inner member 2 tries to rotate in the clockwise direction, the intermediate member 4 bites into a wedge-shaped space between the cam surface C and the inner member 2. Therefore, the inner member 2 is locked in the clockwise direction and cannot rotate.

  Next, when the inner member 2 tries to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, the intermediate member 4 is positioned in the counterclockwise direction shown in FIG. 3 (B) due to contact friction acting between the inner member 2 and the intermediate member 4. Against the elastic force of the spring member 5 that moves, it can move and rotate in a wide space in the counterclockwise direction. Therefore, the inner member 2 can rotate counterclockwise. As described above, when this clutch is incorporated in a fishing reel, when the fish caught on the fishing hook suddenly pulls the fishing line, the inner member 2 fixed to the reel is instantly countered by the degree of the fishing line of the fish. Rotate clockwise and allow extra fishing line.

  When a counterclockwise force is applied to the operation unit 33 to displace the retainer 3 from the first position to the third position, the intermediate member 4 is in the position shown in FIG. The intermediate member 4 is in contact with the shallow cam surface C and the inner member 2 on the left side of the drawing. In this state, when the inner member 2 tries to rotate counterclockwise, the intermediate member 4 bites between the cam surface C and the inner member 2. Therefore, the inner member 2 is locked counterclockwise and cannot rotate. In this state, when the inner member 2 tries to rotate in the clockwise direction, the intermediate member 4 is subjected to the elastic force of the spring member 5 positioned in the clockwise direction by contact friction acting between the inner member 2 and the intermediate member 4. On the other hand, it can move and rotate in a wide space in the clockwise direction. Along with this, the inner member 2 can rotate clockwise. As described above, when this clutch is incorporated in a fishing reel, the fish caught on the fishing hook is not pulled out even if the fish is pulled suddenly, and the inner member 2 fixed to the reel is rotated clockwise. The fishing line can be wound on the reel.

  As described above, according to the one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idle rotation according to the first embodiment, when the cage 3 is in the first position, the inner member 2 can freely idle in both forward and reverse directions. Yes, when the cage 3 is in the second position, the inner member 2 cannot rotate clockwise, but can rotate counterclockwise. Further, when the cage 3 is in the third position, the inner member 2 cannot rotate counterclockwise, but can rotate clockwise. Therefore, by switching the position of the retainer 3, not only can the rotation operation and the rotation direction of the inner member 2 be arbitrarily switched as necessary, but even if the rotational force applied to the inner member 2 is instantaneously switched, Although the member 2 is rotated in one direction, it can be locked without rotating in the other direction.

  The one-way clutch capable of two-way idling according to the first embodiment has the above-described two-way idling function and two-way one-way clutch function, the retainer 3 provided with the holding piece 32 having elasticity, and the outer member 1. It can implement | achieve by utilizing the latching structure which consists of the uneven | corrugated | grooved part formed in the side wall part 12 of this. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to provide a one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling that has not only a small number of parts but also a structure that is easy to assemble and can be manufactured at low cost.

  In addition, since the holder 3 is provided with a holding piece 32, the holding piece 32 is not detached from the outer member 1, and the holder 3 is combined with the outer member 1 so as to be rotatable by a predetermined distance. When the inner member or the outer member rotates in either the forward or reverse direction, the cage 3 does not rotate together. Therefore, as a one-way clutch in which the inner member or the outer member can rotate even if the rotational force in the opposite direction is applied to the inner member or the outer member when the lock is switched in one direction or the other direction. Can function. Further, by providing irregularities as locking portions at predetermined positions of the holding piece 32 of the cage 3 and the holding hole 12B of the outer member 1, the cage 3 can be temporarily secured at a predetermined position of the outer member 1. Can be locked to.

[Embodiment 2]
The two-way idling one-way clutch according to the second embodiment of the present invention is basically composed of the same members as those described in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the first to third positions of the cage 3. And the structure of the locking portion for temporarily locking the retainer 3 to the outer member 1 at these positions is different, so an example of the structure will be mainly described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7A is a side view, and FIG. 7B shows a cross section of a one-way clutch capable of two-way idling without incorporating the inner member 2. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view for explaining one locking portion Z in FIG.

  Three convex portions G projecting at equal intervals are formed on the annular side surface 13 of the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1, and three concave portions are formed on the annular outer peripheral surface 31 C of the retaining annular portion 31 of the cage 3. g1, g2, and g3 are formed at three equal intervals. The cage 3 is preferably made of an elastic material. The intervals between the recesses g1 and the recesses g2 and the intervals between the recesses g2 and the recesses g3 are substantially equal to each other. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 are formed in the thickness direction of the annular outer peripheral surface 31C from the surface 31A that is the inner side of the holding annular portion 31 of the retainer 3 toward the outer surface. Although the groove is formed as a whole extending groove, it may be a recess having a size enough to receive the convex portion G. About the convex part G and the concave parts g1, g2, and g3, as described in the first embodiment, the convex part G cannot freely escape from the concave parts g1 to g3, and a rotational force of a certain size or more is applied. If the convex part G can escape from the concave parts g1 to g3, it is not necessary to limit the shape and structure. The width of the operation part 33 is arbitrary, and may correspond to the entire circumference of the annular part 11.

  Although not shown, the depths of the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 are increased and the height of the convex portion G is increased so that the convex portion G does not deviate counterclockwise of the concave portion g1 or clockwise of the concave portion g3. Then, the annular outer peripheral surface 31C between the recess g1 and the recess g2 and the annular outer peripheral surface 31C between the recess g2 and the recess g3 are lowered. In this way, when a certain amount of rotational force is applied to the cage 3, the cage 3 can be displaced with respect to the convex portion G between the concave portions g1 to g3, but the concave portion g1 is removed and the counterclockwise is removed. The direction or the concave portion g3 cannot be moved to the clockwise annular outer peripheral surface 31C.

  The retainer 3 incorporating the intermediate member 4 and the spring member 5 as shown in FIG. 1 is aligned with the outer member 1 so that the concave portion g2 matches the convex portion G. FIG. Are pushed into the outer member 2 from the left side, the tip portions of the five holding pieces 32 of the cage 3 are inserted into the respective holding holes 12B of the side wall portion 12. This position becomes the neutral position (first position), and as described above, the engaging portion 32C prevents the retainer 3 from being detached from the outer member 1 in the direction of the axis XX.

  In the one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to the second embodiment, when the concave portion g2 is in a position that matches the convex portion G, the retainer 3 is in the first position as shown in FIG. That is, the inner member 2 is in a position where it can freely idle in both directions. Then, when the cage is displaced in the clockwise direction so that the concave portion g1 is aligned with the convex portion G, as shown in FIG. 3B, the clutch is locked when the inner member 2 is rotated in the clockwise direction. It functions as a one-way clutch that cannot rotate clockwise. Next, when the cage 3 is displaced counterclockwise and the concave portion g3 is aligned with the convex portion G, this clutch will rotate the inner member 2 counterclockwise as shown in FIG. Then, it is locked and functions as a one-way clutch that cannot rotate counterclockwise.

  Although not shown, three concave portions g1, g2, g3 are formed at one or two or more equal intervals on the annular side surface 13 of the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1, and the circle of the holding annular portion 31 of the cage 3 is formed. One to three convex portions G may be formed on the annular outer peripheral surface 31C at one or two or more equal intervals. In addition, whether the three concave portions g1, g2, and g3 are formed on the outer member 1 or the retainer 3, the convex portion G does not come off in the counterclockwise direction of the concave portion g1 or the clockwise direction of the concave portion g3. In addition, the outer member 1 and the cage 3 may be provided with an uneven portion whose height of the unevenness acting as a stopper is larger than the concave portions g1 to g3 and the convex portion G.

  As described in the first embodiment, the convex portion G and the concave portions g1, g2, and g3 cannot escape from the concave portions g1 to g3. As long as the part G can escape from the recesses g1 to g3, there is no need to limit the shape and structure. The width of the operation part 33 is arbitrary, and may correspond to the entire circumference of the annular part 11. The outer member 1 may be made of a material having elasticity. As described above, the one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to the second embodiment also uses at least the elasticity of the cage 3 or the outer member 1 and also from the uneven portion formed on the side wall portion 12 of the outer member 1. By utilizing such a locking structure, it is possible to provide a one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling that has not only a small number of parts but also a structure that is easy to assemble and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Embodiment 3]
The one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to the third embodiment of the present invention is basically composed of the same members as those described in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the first to third positions of the cage 3. 9 and FIG. 9 and FIG. 9 mainly show an example of the structure thereof, because the structure of the locking portion for temporarily locking the cage 3 to the outer member 1 at these positions is different from that of the first and second embodiments. 10 will be described. FIG. 9A is a side view, FIG. 9B shows a cross section of a one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling without incorporating the inner member 2, and FIG. 9C shows a perspective view. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view for explaining a locking portion in the operation portion 33 in FIG.

  On the annular side surface 13 of the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1, three concave portions g1, g2, g3 are formed at equal intervals at one location in contact with the outer peripheral surface 11B. A short columnar convex portion G is formed in the vicinity of a portion that becomes the root portion of the operation portion 33 on the surface 31A that is inside the holding annular portion 31 of the cage 3 made of an elastic material. The concave portions g1, g2, g3 and the convex portion G are formed at substantially the same distance from the axis XX shown in FIGS. In the third embodiment, the locking structure composed of the concave portions g1, g2, g3 and the convex portion G does not easily displace between the third position from the first position only by applying a rotational force to the cage 3. It has become. Therefore, when the position is switched, the operation portion 33 is pulled in the arrow direction A in FIG. 9B using the elasticity of the cage 3, that is, toward the front, so that the convex portion G escapes the concave portions g 1, g 2, g 3. The cage 3 is displaced in the rotational direction while making it easy.

  As in the case of the first and second embodiments, the one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling according to the third embodiment also has a retainer as shown in FIG. 3A when the concave portion g2 is in a position that matches the convex portion G. Reference numeral 3 denotes the first position, that is, a position where the inner member 2 can idle freely in both directions. Then, when the retainer 3 is moved in the clockwise direction while being pulled toward the front and the concave portion g1 is matched with the convex portion G, the clutch rotates the inner member 2 in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. If you try to do this, it will lock and function as a one-way clutch that cannot rotate clockwise. Next, when the cage 3 is displaced counterclockwise and the concave portion g3 is aligned with the convex portion G, this clutch will rotate the inner member 2 counterclockwise as shown in FIG. Then, it is locked and functions as a one-way clutch that cannot rotate counterclockwise. The one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling according to the third embodiment also has the same effects as the first and second embodiments.

[Embodiment 4]
In the above-described embodiment, the holding piece 32 of the cage 3 is structured to be locked to the holding hole 12B of the side wall portion 12 of the outer member 1, but the bidirectional of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, in the one-way clutch capable of idling, the cage 3 is directly engaged with the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1. The retainer 3 has a structure including the retaining annular portion 31 according to any one of the first to third embodiments, a generally-shaped retaining piece 32, and a newly added second retaining annular portion 35. One end of the piece 32 is fixed to the holding annular portion 31, and the other end is fixed to the second holding annular portion 35. The holding annular portion 31, the holding piece 32, and the second holding annular portion 35 may be integrally formed of an elastic material. In the fourth embodiment, the side wall portion 12 is not provided, and the second holding annular portion 35 can be used as the side wall instead.

  The outer diameter of the second holding annular portion 35 is somewhat smaller than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface 11A of the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1. An engaging groove 35 </ b> B that is continuous or intermittent in an annular shape is formed on the outer peripheral surface 35 </ b> A of the second holding annular portion 35. On one end side of the inner peripheral surface 11A of the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1, a protruding portion 11C that is continuous or intermittent in an annular shape is formed. When the cage 3 is pushed into the outer member 1, the protrusion 11C of the outer member 1 is fitted into the engaging groove 35A of the cage 3 so that there is a small gap (freely fitted). Although it is difficult to pull out in the X direction, the cage 3 can rotate when a force in the rotational direction is applied to the cage 3.

  In the fourth embodiment, the locking structure between the annular portion 11 and the outer member 1 of the cage 3 may be the same as the structure including the concave portion and the convex portion as described in the second and third embodiments. Although the description of the stopper structure is omitted, at least one of the cage 3 and the outer member 1 is made of a material having elasticity. The switching operation between the first position to the third position, the bidirectional idling function, and the one-way clutch function are the same as in the second and third embodiments. The second holding annular portion 35 has a central hole 35C through which the inner member 2 can be inserted. The one-way clutch capable of two-way idling according to the fourth embodiment also has the same effects as the first to third embodiments.

  A modification of the embodiment described above will be described. In the first embodiment, since it is assumed that the inner member 2 is a rotating side and the outer member 1 is a fixed side that does not rotate, the cage 3 is attached to the outer member 1. May be the fixed side, and the outer member 1 may be the rotating side. In this case, although not illustrated, as a modification of the first embodiment, an inner ring having a plurality of cam surfaces at equal intervals on the inner peripheral surface and having a side wall portion on one end side is used as the inner member 2. And the holding hole as mentioned above may be provided in the side wall part, and the holding piece of a holder | retainer may be respectively engaged with the holding hole of the side wall part. The side wall portion may be formed integrally with the inner ring or may be a structure fixed to the inner ring. The structure for locking the retainer in the first to third positions may be the same as the locking structure described in the first embodiment. In this case, the same effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments are obtained.

  Even in a clutch having a cam surface on the inner peripheral surface of the inner member, an intermediate member such as a roller can be used when the outer member can freely idle in both directions, that is, when the cage is in the first position. It is preferable that the inner surface of the inner member contacts the cam surface and does not substantially contact the inner surface of the rotating outer member. This one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling can also be used in a paper feed mechanism such as a printer. When the outer member and the inner member are locked, the leading side rotational force is transmitted to the driven side, and the outer member and the inner member are When the members can rotate relative to each other, the leading side rotational force is cut off and is not transmitted to the driven side. When the paper is jammed or the like, the jammed paper can be easily removed by switching to the first position where the paper idling.

  Although not specifically illustrated, when described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the wide portion 32 </ b> A of the cage 3 is formed on the inner peripheral surface 11 </ b> A of the annular portion 11 of the outer member 1 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 2. Since they face each other, the convex part G or the convex parts G1, G2, G3 and the concave parts g1, g2, g3, and the aforementioned wide part 32A and the inner peripheral surface 11A of the annular part 11 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 2 The locking portion may be formed to determine the first position to the third position. The present invention is not limited to the number of intermediate members 4 and the number of holding pieces 32 of the cage 3.

  The present invention can be widely applied to clutches for various devices such as a fishing reel or printer that require a bidirectional idle function and a one-way clutch function in both directions.

1 ... Outer member (outer ring or housing)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Toric part 11A ... Inner peripheral surface of annular part 11B ... Outer peripheral surface of annular part 11 11C ... Projection part formed in inner peripheral surface 11A 12 ... Side wall part 12A ... Center hole 12B ... Holding hole 12Ba ... Outer side 12Bb ... Step surface 12Bc ... Outer side 12Bd ... Inner side 13 ... Toroidal side surface 2 ... Inner member ( Shaft or inner ring)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Retainer 31 ... Holding annular part 31A ... Surface which becomes inner side of holding annular part 31Aa ... Outer region of surface 31A 31B ... Central hole 31C ... Annular outer peripheral surface 32・ ・ ・ Holding piece 32A ・ ・ ・ Wide part 32Aa ・ ・ ・ Nail part of wide part 32B ・ ・ ・ Narrow part 32Ba ・ ・ ・ Outer side of narrow part 32Bb ・ ・ ・ Inner side of narrow part 32C ・ ・-Engaging portion 32Ca ... locking surface 32Cb ... removal prevention surface 33 ... operation portion 34 ... through hole 35 ... second holding ring portion 35A ... second holding ring The outer peripheral surface 35B of the part 35 ... the engaging groove 35B of the second holding annular part 35
35C: Central hole of second holding annular portion 35 4 ... Intermediate member (roller or ball)
4A ... One end 4B ... The other end 4C ... Center hole 4D ... Engaging groove 4E ... Mounting hole 4F ... Inner surface 5 ... Spring member C ... Cam surface F ... Recess for fixing XX ... Axis G, G1, G2, G3 ... Projection g1, g2, g3 ... Concave

Claims (7)

An outer member comprising an annular portion having a plurality of cam surfaces formed at a constant interval on a cylindrical inner peripheral surface;
A plurality of intermediate members respectively disposed at positions corresponding to the cam surface of the outer member;
Each of the plurality of intermediate members is held, and is displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the outer member by an external force to restrict the position of the intermediate member to the first position, the second position, and the third position. A cage that can
A spring member that gives elastic force in a rotational direction from both sides to the intermediate member;
A one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling,
The outer member and the retainer cooperate with each other to determine the first position, the second position, and the third position, and any one of the first position to the third position. It has a locking part that can temporarily lock the cage.
When the retainer stays in the first position, the intermediate member is positioned in the center of the cam surface, thereby concentrically facing away from the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion of the outer member. The arranged inner member can idle in either direction,
When the cage remains in the second position displaced by a predetermined angle to one side of the first position, the intermediate member is in a position displaced from the center of the cam surface, and the cam surface and the When the inner member tries to rotate in one rotation direction by being pressed against both the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, and the inner member and the outer member When the members are locked to each other and the inner member rotates in the other rotational direction, the intermediate member does not engage the inner member and the outer member due to the elastic force of the spring member, and the inner member rotates the other. Can rotate in the direction
When the retainer remains in the third position displaced by a predetermined angle to the other side of the first position, the intermediate member is in a position displaced from the center of the cam surface, and the cam surface and the When the inner member tries to rotate in the other rotational direction by being pressed against both the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, and the inner member and the outer member When the outer member is locked to each other and the inner member rotates in one rotation direction, the intermediate member does not engage the inner member and the outer member by the elastic force of the spring member, and the inner member A one-way clutch capable of two-way idling, characterized in that it can rotate in the direction of rotation. In claim 1,
The retainer comprises a holding annular portion having a circular center hole through which the inner member is inserted, and a plurality of holding pieces extending in the same direction at constant intervals from one surface of the holding annular portion,
A side wall having a central hole through which the inner member can be inserted and a holding hole into which the holding pieces of the cage are inserted at regular intervals around the central hole, on one end side of the outer member Is provided,
The one-way clutch capable of two-way idling, wherein the holding hole has a size that allows the holding piece to move in the rotation direction from the second position to the third position. In claim 2,
The plurality of holding pieces are made of a material having elasticity, and are inserted into the holding holes,
At least one of a convex portion and a concave portion is formed on the outer side or the inner side of the holding hole,
At least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed on the surface of the holding piece corresponding to the outer side or the inner side of the holding hole,
Bi-directionally characterized in that the convex portion or the concave portion of the outer side or inner side of the holding hole and the concave portion or the convex portion of the holding piece engage with each other. One-way clutch capable of idling. In claim 2 or claim 3,
At least a part of the plurality of holding pieces has a locking portion projecting in a radial direction at a tip portion thereof,
When the holding piece is inserted into the holding hole, the engaging portion is engaged with the side wall portion of the outer member, and the retainer is detached from the outer member in an axial direction perpendicular to the rotation direction. A one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling characterized by not being pulled out. In claim 1,
The cage includes a holding annular portion having a circular center hole through which the inner member is inserted,
The holding annular part is made of an elastic material, and at least one of a convex part and a concave part is formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof,
The annular side surface of the outer member that is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the holding annular portion is related to the concave portion in which the convex portion formed in the holding annular portion is locked or the concave portion formed in the holding annular portion. A convex part to be stopped is formed,
The one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling, wherein the outer member and the convex portion and the concave portion of the cage form the locking portion. In claim 1,
The cage is made of an elastic material, and includes a holding annular portion having a circular center hole through which the inner member is inserted, and an operation portion extending radially outward from an outer peripheral portion of the holding annular portion,
At least one of a convex portion and a concave portion is formed on the inner surface of the holding annular portion in the vicinity of the operation portion,
The convex portion or the concave portion formed on the retainer on the annular side surface of the outer member in contact with the inner surface of the holding annular portion in the vicinity of the operation portion, or on the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the annular side surface. A concave or convex portion is formed that is locked to
The one-way clutch capable of bi-directional idling, wherein the outer member, the convex portion and the concave portion of the cage form the locking portion. An inner member comprising a plurality of cam surfaces formed at regular intervals on a cylindrical outer peripheral surface;
A plurality of intermediate members respectively disposed at positions corresponding to the cam surface of the inner member;
Each of the plurality of intermediate members is held, and is displaced in the rotational direction with respect to the inner member by an external force to restrict the position of the intermediate member to the first position, the second position, and the third position. A cage that can
A spring member that gives elastic force in a rotational direction from both sides to the intermediate member;
A one-way clutch capable of bidirectional idling,
The inner member and the cage determine the first position, the second position, and the third position in cooperation with each other, and any of the first position to the third position is determined. It has a locking part that can temporarily lock the cage.
When the retainer stays in the first position, the outer member disposed concentrically so as to face away from the outer peripheral surface of the inner member by positioning the intermediate member at the center of the cam surface. Can be idle in either direction,
When the cage remains in the second position displaced by a predetermined angle to one side of the first position, the intermediate member is in a position displaced from the center of the cam surface, and the cam surface and the When the outer member tries to rotate in one rotation direction by being pressed against both the inner peripheral surface of the outer member, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, and When the outer member is locked to each other and the outer member rotates in the other rotation direction, the intermediate member does not engage the inner member and the outer member by the elastic force of the spring member, and the outer member Can be rotated in the direction of rotation of
When the retainer remains in the third position displaced by a predetermined angle to the other side of the first position, the intermediate member is in a position displaced from the center of the cam surface, and the cam surface and the When the outer member tries to rotate in the other rotational direction by being pressed against both the inner peripheral surface of the outer member, the intermediate member is engaged with the inner member and the outer member, and When the outer member is locked to each other and the outer member rotates in one rotational direction, the intermediate member does not engage the inner member and the outer member by the elastic force of the spring member, and the outer member is A one-way clutch capable of two-way idling, characterized in that the one-way clutch can rotate in the direction of rotation.

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