JP2012180704A - Self-closable sliding door - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a self-closable sliding door capable of surely closing itself in a fire and of simplifying its structure.SOLUTION: A self-closable sliding door 10 in which a first lock piece 21 of a door 11 is locked to a second lock piece 22 provided on the side of a door frame 13 to keep the door in the opening condition, includes door holding mechanisms 31, 32 constructed to release the opening condition with manual operation. The door holding mechanisms each include a shape memory alloy coil 27 connected to at least one of the first lock piece and the second lock piece. When reaching a predetermined temperature or higher, the shape memory alloy coil is contracted, and the lock piece connected to the shape memory alloy coil is retracted to release the condition of locking the first lock piece to the second lock piece, thus enabling the door to be self-closed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a self-closing sliding door.

  Self-closing incombustible doors and fire doors are installed at various locations in the building to reduce the spread of heat and smoke during a fire. In particular, since there are many people requiring assistance at the time of evacuation in hospitals, it is extremely important to ensure the safety at the time of evacuation that the door of a hospital room where a fire has occurred is securely closed. In general, a self-closing sliding door is often used for the door of this hospital room in consideration of the daily behavior of the patient.

  However, in hospitals, it is necessary for nurses and doctors to look around patients on a daily basis (several times a day), and when the sliding door of a hospital room is closed all the time, inspection equipment can be taken in and out It is difficult to do daily work, and the work efficiency may deteriorate. In addition, when a patient in a wheelchair or a patient who needs assistance enters or exits a hospital room, it is necessary that the sliding door is fully opened and the open state is maintained. For this reason, the self-closing sliding door is often provided with stoppers 121 and 122 for maintaining a daily open state as shown in FIG. When such a sliding door 111 is installed, the sliding door 111 is manually opened so that the sliding door 111 is kept open during the daytime and other times when daily work is frequently performed, and the stoppers 121 and 122 are released at night. To return to the self-closing state.

  However, if a fire occurs in the patient's room when the sliding door with such a configuration is open, smoke will continue to flow out of the patient's room until someone operates the sliding door to return to the self-closing state, and the patient has difficulty in action. It may be possible to hinder evacuation.

  Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, a door has been proposed that can be automatically closed by a remote device in the event of a fire while maintaining the functions of being always open and manually closed.

JP 2000-96940 A

  By the way, the door described in Patent Document 1 is equipped with an electromagnetic opening device capable of opening and closing the door in conjunction with a heat sensor or a smoke sensor in order to automatically close in the event of a fire or the like. In addition, the configuration is complicated, and there is a problem that when the control line connecting the sensor and the electromagnetic opener is defective, the control line may not operate reliably.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a self-closing sliding door that can be reliably closed in the event of a fire and can be simplified in configuration.

  In order to solve the above problem, the invention described in claim 1 is that the first locking piece provided on the door and the second locking piece provided on the door frame side are locked, In the self-closing sliding door having a door holding mechanism configured to maintain the open state of the door and capable of releasing the open state by manual operation, the door holding mechanism includes the first locking piece. And a shape memory alloy coil connected to at least one of the second locking pieces, and the shape memory alloy coil contracts when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, and the locking is connected to the shape memory alloy coil. When the piece moves backward, the locking state between the first locking piece and the second locking piece is released, and the door can be self-closed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the door of the sliding door is maintained in an open state by locking the first locking piece on the door side and the second locking piece on the door frame side in daily life such as daytime. At night, etc., the locked state between the first locking piece and the second locking piece can be manually released and self-closed. In addition, when a fire occurs with the door maintained in an open state, the temperature of the shape memory alloy coil rises, and the locking piece on the side to which the shape memory alloy coil is connected moves backward. The locked state between the first locking piece and the second locking piece can be reliably released. Therefore, the self-closing sliding door of the present invention can be reliably closed in the event of a fire while having a simplified configuration.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that a heat intrusion window is formed at a location facing the position where the shape memory alloy coil is accommodated.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, heat can be transmitted to the shape memory alloy coil at an early stage through the heat intrusion window in the event of a fire. Therefore, since the door can be closed automatically at an early stage, heat and smoke can be prevented from entering the evacuation route.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the shape memory alloy coil is connected to the second locking piece, and the heat intrusion window is provided in the vicinity of the ceiling surface.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the room temperature rises from the vicinity of the ceiling surface at the time of a fire, heat can be quickly transferred to the shape memory alloy coil. Therefore, since the door can be closed automatically earlier, it is possible to more reliably suppress heat and smoke from entering the evacuation route.

  The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that a heat insulating material is provided so as to surround the shape memory alloy coil.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, by providing the heat insulating material, it is possible to suppress the escape of the heat that has entered the shape memory alloy coil in the event of a fire. Therefore, the shape memory alloy coil can be reliably contracted, and the door in the open state can be closed.

  According to the self-closing type sliding door of the present invention, the door of the sliding door is maintained in an open state by locking the first locking piece on the door side and the second locking piece on the door frame side in daily life such as daytime. In the nighttime, the first locking piece and the second locking piece can be manually released to be self-closed. In addition, when a fire occurs with the door maintained in an open state, the temperature of the shape memory alloy coil rises, and the locking piece on the side to which the shape memory alloy coil is connected moves backward. The locked state between the first locking piece and the second locking piece can be reliably released. Therefore, the door can be reliably closed in the event of a fire while having a simplified configuration.

It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the self-closing type sliding door in embodiment of this invention, (a) shows a closed state, (b) shows an open state. It is the A section enlarged view (partial sectional drawing) of FIG. 1, and is a figure of a door open state (locking state). It is the A section enlarged view (partial sectional drawing) of Drawing 1, and is a figure at the time of transition to a closed state (locking state cancellation) of a door. It is sectional drawing of the shape memory alloy coil in embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the conventional self-closing type sliding door.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a self-closing sliding door (hereinafter referred to as “sliding door”) according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1A shows a closed state and FIG. 1B shows an open state. As shown in FIG. 1, the sliding door 10 is installed in a hospital room or the like, and holds the door 11 that is movably arranged in a substantially horizontal direction along the door frame 13 and the door 11 in an open state. A pair of possible locking pieces 21 and 22 are provided. The locking piece 21 provided on the door 11 is referred to as a first locking piece 21, and the locking piece 22 provided on the door frame 13 side is referred to as a second locking piece 22.

  The door 11 of the present embodiment is self-closing, and the door 11 is positioned so as to close the opening 15 in a state where the first locking piece 21 and the second locking piece 22 are not locked (FIG. 1). (Refer to (a)), the first locking piece 21 and the second locking piece 22 are locked so that the door 11 can be configured to hold the opening 15 in an open state (FIG. 1). (See (b)). Moreover, the door 11 is comprised by the structure of the normal noncombustible door and the fire door. However, in order to further increase the safety of the hospital, it is desirable to have a fire door structure.

  Here, the configuration of the locking mechanism of the door 11 is shown in FIG. In the following description, the side on which the first locking piece 21 is provided is referred to as a first locking mechanism 31, and the side on which the second locking piece 22 is provided is referred to as a second locking mechanism 32.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first locking mechanism 31 includes a first locking piece 21 and a biasing member 24 disposed in a recessed portion 23 formed in the door 11. One end of the biasing member 24 is fixed to the recessed portion 23 of the door 11, and the other end is connected to the first locking piece 21. In a state where no load is applied to the first locking piece 21, the lower end portion 21a of the first locking piece 21 and the upper end portion 11a of the door 11 are positioned so as to be substantially flush with each other. Further, when the door 11 is moved in the horizontal direction and the first locking piece 21 dodges the second locking piece 22, the first locking piece 21 is pushed by the second locking piece 22, and the urging member 24 is shrunk so that the first locking piece 21 can move to the recessed portion 23 side.

  On the other hand, the second locking mechanism 32 is a support bar that is disposed in the second locking piece 22 and a recessed portion 25 formed in the door frame 13 or the wall 14 and has one end connected to the second locking piece 22. 26 and a shape memory alloy coil 27 disposed between the other end of the support rod 26 and the ceiling surface 16. The second locking mechanism 32 has a role of maintaining a daily open state of the door 11 by being locked with the first locking mechanism 31. Moreover, the 2nd latching mechanism 32 has a role which cancels | releases the open state of the door 11 which becomes fatal at the time of a fire. In the present embodiment, a bottomed cylindrical tubular member 28 is provided so as to cover the surface of the recessed portion 25, and a support rod 26 and a shape memory alloy coil 27 are provided inside the tubular member 28. It is arranged. The cylindrical member 28 basically has a length from the lower end 13 a of the door frame 13 to the ceiling surface 16. In addition, the shape memory alloy coil 27 is used whose shape changes in the direction of contraction when it receives heat and becomes high temperature. In the present embodiment, the hard heat insulating material 29 is provided so as to cover the periphery of the shape memory alloy coil 27. Further, the cylindrical member 28 is provided with a heat intrusion window 30 for effectively transferring heat to the shape memory alloy coil 27.

  The heat intrusion window 30 is provided at the upper part of the cylindrical member 28 near the ceiling surface 16 so as to be exposed to the surface of the wall 14 so that a hot air flow at the time of fire touches the shape memory alloy coil 27 at an early stage. It is arranged in. By providing the heat intrusion window 30 in this way, heat can easily enter the cylindrical member 28 at an early stage even in the early stage of a fire. That is, the shape memory alloy coil 27 is configured to be able to operate early.

  Further, a shape memory alloy coil 27 is provided so as to face the heat intrusion window 30. The shape memory alloy coil 27 is made of a metal having a high heat transfer coefficient, and its shape can be changed by heat generated by heat flow or radiation. In the present embodiment, the shape memory alloy coil 27 that is immediately contracted by heat is employed. The shape memory alloy coil 27 is made of, for example, titanium or nickel. The shape memory alloy coil 27 is housed in the upper part of the cylindrical member 28 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and a hard heat insulating material 29 is provided so as to cover the periphery of the shape memory alloy coil 27. . By arranging the hard heat insulating material 29 in this way, heat loss from the shape memory alloy coil 27 to the surroundings is suppressed, and heat loss to the metal support rod 26 connected to the shape memory alloy coil 27 is reduced. Suppressed. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the shape memory alloy coil 27 is configured to insert a heat insulating material 35 therein, or by forming an air layer or the like using a hollow coil. The heat capacity from the shape memory alloy coil 27 may be prevented and the heat capacity may be suppressed. By comprising in this way, it is comprised so that the shape memory alloy coil 27 can act | operate early.

The operation of the sliding door 10 having the above-described configuration will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the shape memory alloy coil 27 is held in an extended state every day, and the vertical position of the second locking piece 22 is substantially fixed. The compression strength of the shape memory alloy coil 27 is larger than the urging force of the urging member 24 connected to the first locking piece 21 so that the second locking piece 22 does not enter the cylindrical member 28. The thing is adopted. Therefore, the second locking piece 22 can play a role of moving the first locking piece 21 up and down. That is, by manually moving the door 11 in the horizontal direction, the open state and the closed state can be freely set.

  On the other hand, in the event of a fire, when the shape memory alloy coil 27 receives heat and the shape memory alloy coil 27 reaches a predetermined temperature, the shape memory alloy coil 27 contracts instantaneously as shown in FIG. The second locking piece 22 connected to is automatically pulled upward. As a result, the locked state of the first locking piece 21 and the second locking piece 22 is released, and the door 11 shifts from the open state to the closed state. That is, even if the door 11 is kept open due to a mistake in the procedure for closing the door 11, for example, the locking state between the first locking piece 21 and the second locking piece 22 is changed during a fire. It can be released by heat and can be automatically shifted to the closed state by the self-closing function of the door 11. The predetermined temperature for closing the door 11 can be adjusted by the size of the hard heat insulating material 29 and the heat intrusion window 30, but is basically about 50 to 60 ° C., which is an allowable temperature during evacuation. It is desirable to set.

  According to the present embodiment, the door 11 of the sliding door 10 is opened by locking the first locking piece 21 on the door 11 side and the second locking piece 22 on the door frame 13 side in daily life such as daytime. In the nighttime, the locked state of the first locking piece 21 and the second locking piece 22 can be manually released to be self-closed. In addition, when a fire occurs with the door 11 being kept open, the temperature of the shape memory alloy coil 27 rises, so that the second latching on the side to which the shape memory alloy coil 27 is connected is performed. The piece 22 is retracted and the locked state between the first locking piece 21 and the second locking piece 22 can be reliably released. Therefore, the sliding door 10 can close the door 11 reliably at the time of a fire, although it is the simplified structure.

  Further, since the heat intrusion window 30 is formed at a location facing the position where the shape memory alloy coil 27 is accommodated, heat can be transmitted to the shape memory alloy coil 27 at an early stage through the heat intrusion window 30 in the event of a fire. . Therefore, since the door 11 can be self-closed at an early stage, it is possible to suppress heat and smoke from entering the evacuation route.

  Furthermore, since the temperature of the room or the hallway rises from the vicinity of the ceiling surface 16 in the event of a fire, the heat can be quickly transferred to the shape memory alloy coil 27 by providing the heat intrusion window 30 in the vicinity of the ceiling surface 16. Therefore, since the door 11 can be self-closed earlier, it is possible to more reliably suppress heat and smoke from entering the evacuation route.

  And since the hard heat insulating material 29 was provided so that the shape memory alloy coil 27 might be surrounded, it can suppress that the heat | fever which penetrate | invaded around the shape memory alloy coil 27 at the time of a fire escapes. Therefore, the shape memory alloy coil 27 can be reliably contracted, and the door 11 in the open state can be closed.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications made to the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is, the specific structure and configuration described in the embodiment are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.

For example, in the present embodiment, a configuration in which the support rod 26 and the shape memory alloy coil 27 of the second locking mechanism 32 are accommodated in the cylindrical member 28 and the heat intrusion window 30 is provided on the surface of the cylindrical member 28 will be described. However, the cylindrical member 28 may not be provided, the support rod 26 and the shape memory alloy coil 27 may be directly accommodated in the wall 14, and the heat intrusion window 30 may be disposed directly on the surface of the wall 14. Good.
Further, the heat entry window 30 may be provided not on the indoor side but on the corridor side, or on both sides thereof.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the second locking mechanism 32 including the shape memory alloy coil 27 is provided on the door frame 13 side has been described. However, the first locking mechanism 31, the second locking mechanism 32, The second locking mechanism 32 may be provided on the door 11 side and the first locking mechanism 31 may be provided on the door frame 13 side.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Sliding door (self-closing type sliding door) 11 ... Door 13 ... Door frame 16 ... Ceiling surface 21 ... First locking piece 22 ... Second locking piece 31 ... First locking mechanism (door holding mechanism) 32 ... Second engagement Stop mechanism (door holding mechanism) 27 ... Shape memory alloy coil 29 ... Hard heat insulating material (heat insulating material) 30 ... Heat intrusion window

Claims (4)

The first locking piece provided on the door and the second locking piece provided on the door frame side can be locked, so that the open state of the door can be maintained, and the operation can be performed manually. In the self-closing sliding door provided with a door holding mechanism configured to be able to release the open state,
The door holding mechanism includes a shape memory alloy coil connected to at least one of the first locking piece and the second locking piece,
When the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the shape memory alloy coil contracts, and the locking piece connected to the shape memory alloy coil moves backward, so that the first locking piece and the second locking piece A self-closing type sliding door characterized in that the locked state is opened and the door can be self-closed.   The self-closing sliding door according to claim 1, wherein a heat intrusion window is formed at a location facing the position where the shape memory alloy coil is accommodated. The shape memory alloy coil is connected to the second locking piece;
The self-closing sliding door according to claim 2, wherein the heat entry window is provided in the vicinity of the ceiling surface.   The self-closing sliding door according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a heat insulating material is provided so as to surround the shape memory alloy coil.

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