JP2012175920A - Priority management device for harvesting crops - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a priority management device for harvesting crop, setting priority operation sequence of harvest work, based on the crop moisture value information and grain cracking incidence rate information of each field, and efficiently achieving harvest drying operation.SOLUTION: The priority management device for harvesting crop includes a weather detector 1 set on a plurality of fields, a data management means 10 receiving detected weather information from the weather detector 1, and a harvest implements data management means 14 receiving crop quality arrangement information from the data management means 10. The data management means 10 sets priority sequence of harvest operation on the basis of crop moisture value information and grain cracking incidence rate information, based on detected weather information of a plurality of fields, detected with the weather detector 1, and sends to the harvest implements data management means 14. The harvest implements data management means 14 sets a proper operation speed of harvest implements, based on the crop moisture value information and grain cracking incidence rate information.

Description

  The present invention relates to a priority crop management apparatus for crops.

  In the crop information management system, the crop harvester is provided with an information output means capable of outputting the measurement information of the quality measured by this to the outside of the machine, and each of the plurality of harvesting locations output from the information output means is provided. Measurement information collection means for collecting measurement information of corresponding quality, quality map creation means for outputting a quality map for each region of crops corresponding to a plurality of harvest locations based on the collected information, and for each producer What is provided with production management information creating means for obtaining and outputting information for production management of other crops is known. (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-53674

  The present invention relates to a weather detection device installed in a plurality of fields, a data management means for transmitting weather information detected by the weather detection device, and a data management means for harvesting work machines to which quality control information of the data management means is sent In the crop priority harvest management device, the data management means based on the detected meteorological information of the multiple fields detected by the weather detection device in the field of the field based on the crop ripening period information, moisture value information and grain shell crack occurrence rate information A priority is set for harvesting work, and the harvesting and drying work is efficiently performed by the harvesting work machine and the grain dryer.

  The invention of claim 1 is a weather detection device (1,...) Installed in a plurality of fields, and a data management means (10) for receiving detected weather data transmitted from the weather detection device (1,...). And harvesting machine data management means (14) for receiving the grain quality control information transmitted from the data management means (10). The data management means (10) includes a weather detection device (1,. ) Based on the detected weather data of the plurality of fields detected in step (b), determining crop ripening period information, moisture value information and grain shell crack occurrence rate information, and setting the priority harvesting order of the plurality of fields, A crop preferential harvest management device characterized in that the harvesting work machine data management means (14) is configured to set an appropriate work speed of the harvesting work machine based on the determination information of the data management means (10). To do.

  In the invention of claim 2, the weather detection device (1,...) Can image a thermometer (2), a hygrometer (3), a rain gauge (4), a sunshine meter (5), and a crop cultivation state. An image pickup means (6) and a district identification means (7) are provided, and the data management means (10) determines the growth state determination means (10a) for determining the ripening period of the crop, and determines the rate of occurrence of cracking of the grain Torso crack occurrence rate determination means (10b), straw moisture determination means (10c) for determining the level of the grain moisture value, harvest priority determination means for determining the harvest priority of a plurality of district fields from these determination information ( 10d), and the harvesting work machine data management means (14) has a function of setting a recommended work speed of the harvesting work machine based on the determination information of the data management means (10). The priority crop management device for crops according to Item 1.

  The invention of claim 3 further includes dryer data management means (16) for receiving determination information transmitted from the data management means (10), and the dryer data management means (16) includes the data A drying time control means (16c) for setting the drying control time of the grain from the judgment information of the management means (10) and a drying temperature control means (16d) for setting the drying temperature control content are provided. The crop priority crop management device according to claim 1 or claim 2.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, based on the detected weather data of a plurality of fields transmitted from the weather detection device (1,...), The data management means (10) uses the ripening period information, moisture value information, and grain of the crop. Grain breakage occurrence rate information is determined, the priority harvesting order of the harvesting field is set, and the harvesting work machine data management means (14) performs an appropriate operation of the harvesting work machine based on the judgment information of the data management means (10). Speed can be set. As a result, the harvesting machine can efficiently and efficiently harvest the crops that are close to the growing state in order and from the close field based on the harvesting work order that is aggregated according to the crop moisture value and the difficulty of cracking the grain shell. Also, when the rate of cracking is low, it is possible to dry the paddy rice by leaving the harvesting period and leaving the paddy rice in the napped state, while saving fuel and time required for drying the paddy and reducing costs. High quality cocoons can be harvested.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the data management means (10) grows crops from a lot of detected weather information transmitted from the weather detection device (1, ...). It is possible to accurately determine the state, the rate of occurrence of shell cracking of the grain, and the moisture state of the grain, and appropriately determine the harvest priority order of a plurality of fields from these determination information. The harvesting machine data management means (14) can appropriately set the recommended working speed of the harvesting machine based on the determination information, and can harvest high quality grains while reducing the harvest loss.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effects of the inventions of claim 1 and claim 2, the dryer data management means (16) is based on the judgment information from the data management means (10). Set the drying control time and drying temperature control content appropriately, perform the drying work suitable for the quality content of the grain while efficiently drying together the grains with similar drying conditions, to make high quality grain Can be finished.

Control block diagram. flowchart. flowchart. The side view of a hygrometer. The top view of a combine. The side view of a combine. The front view of a combine. The rear view of a combine. The cutting | disconnection side view of the threshing part of a combine. The front view of the harvesting conveyance part of a combine. The perspective view of the harvesting conveyance part of a combine.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.
Next, a control block configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
The weather detection device 1 is installed in a plurality of farm fields. The meteorological detection device 1 is provided with a thermometer 2, a hygrometer 3, a rain gauge 4, a sunshine meter 5, a camera 6 for imaging the cultivation state of paddy rice, and an area identification means 7 for identifying a detection area. These detection data are taken into the control device 8, and for example, the detection data for one day are collected and transmitted to the data management means 10 via the communication devices 9a and 9b.

The weather detection apparatus 1 may be provided with a field water level meter (not shown) for determining the drainage state of the field.
The data management means 10 determines various crop growth states based on the transmitted weather data and crop image information. The growing state determining means 10a determines the growing state of paddy rice and the ripening period of the cocoon, the torso cracking rate determining means 10b determines the torso cracking occurrence rate, and the heel moisture determining means 10c determines whether the drought moisture level is high or low. Determined.

  Next, based on the growing state, the ripening period determination information, the heel trunk crack occurrence rate determination information, and the heel moisture value determination information, the harvest priority determination means 10d uses the harvest priority determination means 10d to harvest the plurality of district fields. Priorities are determined. Subsequently, the mapping unit 10e creates and outputs a map in which the harvest priority order of the plurality of district fields is described, and these detection data and determination information are stored in the storage unit 10f. The determination information is transmitted from the output means 12 to the combine data management means 14 and the grain dryer data management means 16 via the communication means 9c, 9d, and 9e.

  Further, the crop water value and torso cracking rate display means 14a in the combine data management means 14 displays the transmitted crop growth information, ripening period information, torso torso cracking rate information, and soot moisture value information on the combine display. Displayed on the screen. Further, the recommended adjustment control monitoring unit 14b displays a preferable operation state of each part of the combine on the display screen. Moreover, the size of the 2nd reduction amount of the threshing part with respect to the harvested cereal is set by the 2nd reduction amount control means 14c. Moreover, the traveling speed of the combine and the operating speed of each working unit are set by the working speed control means 14d. The grain discharge speed of the discharge auger is set by the discharge auger speed control means 14e. These control setting contents are stored in the storage device 14f.

  Then, when the automatic control on / off switch of the combine is turned on, the mowing / threshing clutch is turned on, and the travel shift lever is operated to the work travel position, each work section of the combine is controlled based on the setting control content of the data management means 14. The operation speed is automatically set, the operation of the combine, the harvesting and conveying unit, the threshing unit, and the discharge auger are started and the harvesting operation is performed.

  According to the said structure, the harvesting operation | work can be carried out sequentially from the near farm field in the state concentrated by the water | moisture content value of the straw and the difficulty of the body cracking by the combine, and work efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, in the field with a high incidence of shell cracking, the engine speed is reduced and the work speed is adjusted to be slow, so that the quality of harvested grains and straw can be improved.
Next, the control contents of the data management means 16 of the dryer will be described.

  Based on the sent determination information, the moisture content of the grain and the cracking rate of the straw are displayed on the operation screen of the dryer by the crop moisture and cracking rate display unit 16a in the data management unit 16 of the dryer. Further, the recommended adjustment control monitoring means 16b creates the recommended drying control adjustment content of the koji and displays it on the operation screen. By the drying time control means 16c, the relationship between the drying control time of the cocoon, that is, the relationship between the drying work time and the drying pause time is set and displayed on the display screen. The drying temperature control means 16d sets the drying temperature control content, that is, the presence or absence of ventilation drying in the initial drying, the initial drying temperature, the intermediate drying temperature, and the final drying temperature and displays them on the display screen. These control setting contents are stored in the storage device 16e.

  When setting the drying time and the drying temperature by the drying time control means 16c and the drying temperature control means 16d in the drying time control means 16c, the cocoon that has been diagnosed as having a high rate of cracking is dried with respect to the circulating grains. The temperature is set low, the tempering time is lengthened, the drying speed is slowed, and the temperature is set so as not to cause cracking.

According to the said structure, the drying control content is adjusted with the quality determination information of the growth state of a cocoon, a grain moisture value, and a body crack rate, and it can finish drying with favorable grain quality.
In addition, in the drying operation of the dryer, it is possible to finish the straws having similar drying conditions and finish them into high quality grains while efficiently performing the drying operation.

Next, the weather data and detection image processing of the weather detection device 1 in the control device 8 will be described with reference to FIG.
When the field image data processing is started (step S1), a growing image of paddy rice is detected by the camera 6 once a day, for example, and color processing is performed based on the detected image (step S2). Next, for example, it is determined whether white spots (paddy rice flowers) and granular aggregates (rice husk shape) can be confirmed in the detection image (step S3). Image detection and color processing based on the detected image are performed (step S4), and the process proceeds to step S2. If yes, the detection date is determined as the heading date of paddy rice (step S5), and the process proceeds to the integrated temperature calculation step after the heading time (step S7). Next, temperature data is taken in every day (step S6), and integrated temperature calculation after the heading date is executed (step S7).

  Next, the process proceeds to a ripening period determination step in step S8, where it is determined whether or not the accumulated temperature calculated by the accumulated temperature calculation exceeds the accumulated temperature corresponding to the ripening period of the cultivar of the variety, and the ripening period has arrived. Whether or not there is is determined (step S8). If it is No, it is determined whether or not ripening has been completed again based on the accumulated temperature result of the next day (step S9). If it is Yes, the date is determined as the start date of the ripening period (step S10), the ripening period data is output as field data (step S20), and the process proceeds to step S16 and step S18.

  If it transfers to step S16, the detection data of the rain gauge 3 and the sunshine meter 5 after a ripening period will be taken in (step S11, 12), and the frequency | count of "rainfall" and "sunny weather" after a ripening period will be calculated. In step S18, the humidity data of the hygrometer 3 is fetched (step S17), and the number of fluctuations of “humidity 90%” and “humidity 50%” after the ripening period is calculated (step S18). A trunk crack occurrence rate (or trunk crack occurrence risk rate) is calculated (step S19), and is output as trunk crack occurrence rate data for the field (step S20).

  Further, the process proceeds from step S7 to step S13, and the soot moisture value is calculated from the basic soot moisture correlated with the integrated temperature (step S13). Further, based on the data of the sunshine meter 5 and the rain gauge 4 (steps S11 and S12), the external factors of drought moisture fluctuations that temporarily change due to sunshine and rain are calculated (step S14), and these moisture contents are calculated. The straw moisture value is calculated from the value information (step S15), and the straw moisture value is output as the moisture value of the field (step S20).

In determining the arrival of the ripening period, the determination may be made in consideration of the color information of the ears by the camera 6 in accordance with the ripening period calculation in steps S16 to S19.
Next, the control contents of the work priority determination means 10d in the data management means 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the detection data of the field districts A, B, and C are sent from the weather detection device 1 to the data management means 10 (steps S31, 32, and 33), the work priority determination means 10d uses each of the field districts A and B based on the detection data. , C soot moisture data and torso cracking rate data are accumulated (step S34), ranked in descending order of torso cracking rate (step S35), and ranked in ascending order of soot moisture value (step S36). . Next, these two ranks are added, and work ranking is performed in order of priority starting from the smallest addition value (step S37). Next, a map displaying the work priority, drought moisture value, and body crack occurrence rate of each area point is created on the map displaying each farm area A, B, C (step S38), and a work priority display map is output. (Step S39).

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, when the detection unit 3a of the hygrometer 3 is covered with a sponge (or cloth) 3b having an appropriate hygroscopic property, it is assimilated with the hygroscopic property of the rice husk portion, and the brown rice portion in the rice husk is applied. You can create a close situation and get proper moisture information.

Next, a control configuration of the combine threshing unit 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.
The combine is provided with left and right crawler travel devices 22, 22 below the traveling chassis 21. On the traveling chassis 21, a control unit 23 with a seat at the front right side and an engine at the lower rear of the control unit 23. A grain tank 25 for storing grains is disposed behind the prime mover 24 and the prime mover 24. A threshing section 26 is mounted on the left side of the traveling chassis 21, a cutting and conveying section 27 is provided on the front side of the traveling chassis 21 so as to be movable up and down, and a waste disposal device 28 is disposed at the rear of the machine body.

  In the upper part of the threshing section 26, as shown in FIG. 9, a second processing chamber 26d is provided with a handling chamber 26b in which a handling cylinder 26a is installed, and a second processing cylinder 26c is installed on the left and right sides thereof. A dust disposal chamber 26f in which the dust disposal cylinder 26e is installed is provided. In the lower part of the threshing section 26, a sorting air passage 26h through which the sorting air flows from the tang 26g is provided, and a swing sorting shelf 26i is provided swingably in the sorting air passage 26h. At the upper part of the swing sorting shelf 26i, a grain sheave 26j and a chaff sheave 26k are provided from the start side to the end side. The air volume of the tang 26g can be adjusted to be strong or weak by the tang adjusting means 26m, and the interval between the sheave plates of the chaff sheave 26k can be adjusted by the adjusting motor via the sheave opening adjusting means.

  Further, a hygrometer 3a is installed in the exterior cover 29 of the combine grain tank 25 (shown in FIG. 5) to detect the humidity of the outside air. The hygrometer 3 a may be disposed between the threshing unit 26 and the glen tank 25. The combine is provided with a vehicle speed sensor.

  When the detected humidity of the hygrometer 3a exceeds 60%, for example, the set air volume of the tang 26g is adjusted to be increased by one step. When the detected humidity of the hygrometer 3a exceeds 80%, for example, from the set air volume of the tang 26g. Incrementing is performed in two steps, and the sheave interval of the chaff sheave 26k is adjusted to open one step.

  According to the said structure, according to the increase / decrease in the humidity of external air, the air volume of 26g of tangs and the sheave interval of the chaff sheave 26k can be opened / closed, and the sorting accuracy can be improved by separating slag and swarf well.

  Further, when the vehicle speed sensor detects that it exceeds 80% of the maximum working speed, it adjusts the set air volume of the Kara 26g by one step, and when the vehicle speed sensor detects that it exceeds 90% of the maximum working speed, the Kara 26g The set air volume may be adjusted in two steps to adjust the sheave interval of the chaff sheave 26k by one step.

  According to the above-described configuration, the air volume of the tang 26g and the sheave interval of the chaff sheave 26k can be opened / closed according to the increase / decrease of the items to be sorted on the swing sorting shelf 26i, and the sorting accuracy can be improved by separating slag and swarf. Can be increased.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, left and right pestle presence / absence sensors 30, 30 are respectively provided at the entrances of the left and right weed pods 27a and 27a of the combine cutting and conveying unit 27, as shown in FIGS. The presence / absence of the harvested cereals on both right and left sides is detected, and the control of the threshing unit 26 is executed only when the presence of the harvested cereals is detected. Thus, only when the harvesting and transporting unit 27 harvests the full width of the cereals, the Kara 26g and the swing sorting shelf 26i can be adjusted in accordance with the vehicle speed, and appropriate sorting control can be performed according to the quantity to be sorted.

Next, another embodiment of the grain raising device 27b of the combine harvesting and conveying unit 27 will be described with reference to FIG.
A plurality of grain raising devices 27b,... Are provided in parallel on the front side portion of the cutting and conveying section 27. The grain raising devices 27b,. Is arranged so as to rotate up and down, and the lugs 27d,... Protrude in the upward movement process of the chain and cause a harvested culm. . And, at the upper part of the upper surface of the case so as to extend along the direction slightly raised from the base end of the raising lug 27d, ... in the raising case 27c, a thin rod-shaped tip guide rod 31, ... is provided, A tip guide plate 32 having, for example, a V-shaped cross section (or an inverted V-shape) wider than the tip guide rods 31 in a plan view is attached above the tip guide rods 31,.

  According to the above configuration, the tip portion of the culm caused by the raised lugs 27d,... Is supported by the wide tip guide plate 32 provided above the tip guide rods 31,. It is possible to prevent entanglement of the tip guide rods 31,... And the tip guide plates 32, 32 and to cause them smoothly.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 11, the left and right raising cases 27c, 27c are provided with left and right auxiliary weed baskets 33, 33 so as to protrude upward from the upper side surface of the case. Left and right weed fences 34, 34 are provided to extend forward from the lower part of 27c, and the rearwardly inclined end side of the weed fences 34, 34 is used as a guide surface on the lower start end side of the auxiliary weed fences 33, 33. I ’m here. And the inner side surface part along the up-and-down direction of this supplementary weed basket 33,33 is plugged up with plate bodies (or nets) 33a, 33a to prevent entanglement of the head part of the cereal.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Weather detection apparatus 2 Thermometer 3 Hygrometer 4 Rain gauge 5 Sunlight meter 6 Imaging means 7 District identification means 9a Communication apparatus 9b Communication means 9c Communication apparatus 9d Communication means 10 Data management means 10a Growth state determination means 10b Determination of body crack occurrence rate Means 10c Water | moisture content judgment means 10d Harvest priority order judgment means 14 Harvesting work machine data management means 16 Dryer data management means 16c Drying time control means 16d Drying temperature control means

Claims (3)

  A weather detection device (1,...) Installed in a plurality of fields, a data management means (10) for receiving detected weather data transmitted from the weather detection device (1,...), And the data management means ( 10) a harvesting machine data management means (14) for receiving the grain quality arrangement information transmitted from 10), wherein the data management means (10) includes a plurality of fields detected by the weather detection device (1,...). Based on the detected weather data, the crop ripening period information, the moisture value information and the grain shell crack occurrence rate information are determined to set the priority harvesting order of the plurality of fields, and the harvesting work machine data management means In (14), the crop preferential harvest management apparatus is configured to set an appropriate work speed of the harvesting machine based on the determination information of the data management means (10).   The meteorological detection device (1, ...) includes a thermometer (2), a hygrometer (3), a rain gauge (4), a sunshine meter (5), an imaging means (6) and an area capable of imaging the cultivation state of the crop An identification means (7) is provided, and the data management means (10) includes a growth state determining means (10a) for determining the ripening period of the crop, and a torso crack occurrence rate determining means for determining the torso cracking rate of the grain. (10b), a straw moisture determination means (10c) for determining the level of the grain moisture value, and a harvest priority determination means (10d) for determining the harvest priority of a plurality of district fields from these determination information, the harvest The crop priority according to claim 1, wherein the work machine data management means (14) has a function of setting a recommended work speed of the harvesting work machine based on the determination information of the data management means (10). Harvest management device.   A dryer data management means (16) for receiving the judgment information transmitted from the data management means (10) is provided, and the dryer data management means (16) includes a judgment of the data management means (10). The drying time control means (16c) for setting the drying control time of the grain from the information and the drying temperature control means (16d) for setting the drying temperature control content are provided. Crop priority crop management device.

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