JP2012172511A - Seismic isolator using flanged spherical surface roller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a seismic isolator constituted by integrating a bearing, a vibration control spring, a damper and the like which prevent or reduce mainly a lateral shake of a building etc., caused by an earthquake, and further a function of normally suppressing shaking due to wind pressure.SOLUTION: A spherical surface roller 1 itself supporting the building is made to have restoring force by utilizing the gravity of the building to be supported and springs. An annular flange 2 is provided to an intermediate side face of the spherical surface roller 1 whose upper and lower surfaces are spherical, and coiled strong springs 5, 6 are fitted symmetrically to the top and reverse sides thereof. A lower abutment 3 and an upper bearing 4 which support rolling of the spherical surface roller 1 are plane. While the springs bear the weight of the supported building at a certain rate, a vibration control function is operated as rotating force in the opposite direction during rolling. The spherical surface roller 1 has the upper and lower surfaces which are not the same spherical surface, but are made a little larger in diameter to have restoring force similar to that of a conventional combination of a steel sphere and a concave curved surface. A part of the top of the spherical surface roller 1 is made plane and the gravity of the building to be supported is utilized to prevent the building from shaking owing wind pressure at normal time.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technology for a seismic isolation device that mainly absorbs rolling of buildings and indoor facilities generated by an earthquake and prevents or reduces damage caused by shaking.

  Seismic isolation devices such as buildings for earthquakes are currently made by alternately laminating steel plates and rubber, sliding bearings by sliding, rolling bearings using steel balls and concave steel plates and crossed ball bearings, and pneumatic pressure Isolators that float buildings and block earthquake-induced shaking have been put into practical use.

  None of the seismic isolation devices have a problem in cost or the like, and the current situation is that they have not spread widely. In addition, only the bearings have weak damping force to reduce shaking, so it is necessary to separately install springs for damping purposes, various dampers, and stationary devices that prevent rolling of buildings and the like caused by strong wind pressure during normal times. There is also.

  Among various types of seismic isolation devices that are currently in practical use, as a seismic isolation device with rolling bearings that can be reduced relatively easily and efficiently against rolling, the rolling of rollers between steel balls and concave steel plates, The thing by the arranged ball bearing system etc. is used. However, the seismic control force does not work with this device alone. Although the seismic isolation device according to the present invention uses rolling, the object is to develop a seismic isolation device that integrates a function for preventing vibration and restoring force, and a function to prevent rolling due to wind pressure at rest.

  In the seismic isolation device according to the present invention, an annular collar 2 is provided at the center of the side surface of the spherical roller 1, and strong coiled springs 5 and 6 are attached symmetrically as shown in FIG. The spherical roller 1 is installed between the abutment 3 fixed on the base 12 side and the cradle 4 fixed on the foundation 13 side of the building. The springs 5 and 6 support a considerable portion of the weight of the building to be supported, and reduce the gravity applied to the spherical roller 1 correspondingly.

  In the event of an earthquake roll, the spherical roller 1 rolls and tilts, and the heel 2 tilts and the upper and lower springs 5 and 6 are greatly deformed as shown in FIG. To give. The rolling angle is about 30 to 40 degrees at the maximum on one side and around 60 to 80 degrees on both sides. In this case, the maximum amount of movement of the base 12 that can be handled is a numerical value slightly larger than the height (diameter) of the spherical roller 1. For example, in the case of a spherical roller with a diameter of 30 cm, the maximum is slightly over 30 cm, and at 20 cm, it is over 20 cm. Since it changes in proportion to the diameter, select the required size.

  The spherical surface of the spherical roller 1 is not the same as the upper and lower spherical surfaces, but has a slightly larger radius so that it has an automatic restoring force similar to that of a conventional apparatus using steel balls and concave steel plates. In addition, a slight vertical movement occurs with the rolling, and this gives a damper effect by the gravity and inertial force of the building to be supported.

  A part of the apex of the spherical roller 1 is supported in a planar shape, and the building is prevented from rolling due to normal wind pressure by utilizing the gravity of the building.

  The rolling seismic isolation device of the present invention not only greatly reduces the rolling due to the earthquake by rolling the spherical roller 1, but can also prevent shaking due to wind pressure at normal times by using the weight of the building to be supported.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the upper and lower springs 5, 6 are deformed by the rolling of the spherical roller 1 to act on the spherical roller 1 as a reverse rotational force, so that a restoring spring that is conventionally required as a separate device or a suspension is supported. By using the weight and inertial force of the building, etc., a damping force such as a damper is provided, and the entire device can be integrated.

  The seismic isolation device using the spherical roller 1 with the flange is installed by distributing the size and necessary quantity in a flat shape. At that time, the size of the spherical roller 1, the strength of the spring, and the number of installations can be freely selected according to the partial load of the building that is not the same and is supported.

  The seismic isolation device according to the present invention can integrate a spherical roller for supporting a building by rolling, a damping spring and a damper, and various devices such as normal vibration prevention due to wind pressure. Mass production is easy and cost reduction is achieved.

  It is the side view of the seismic isolation apparatus by this invention, and is the figure which showed center cross sections other than the spherical roller 1 and the collar 2. FIG.   The figure which showed the state in which the base 12 side of the lower part of the seismic isolation apparatus of FIG. 1 moved to the left side, and the spherical roller 1 inclined 30 degree | times.   A seismic isolation device is shown in which a ring-shaped protrusion and a groove surface are provided on the contact surface between the spherical roller 16 and the cradle 17 and the abutment 18 to prevent slippage during rolling. 16 and the upper half of the heel 2 are side views, and all other sections are cross-sectional views of the center.   FIG. 4 is a plan view of the abutment 17 of FIG. 3.   Sectional drawing of the upper half which showed two types of other examples of the structure of the spherical roller on the right and left of line AB.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 show an example of a seismic isolation device according to the present invention, in which a necessary number is distributed between a base 12 and a foundation 13 of a building. A lower mounting base 7 is fixed on a base 12 and a planar abutment 3 is provided thereon. The upper mounting base 8 and the receiving base 4 are symmetrically installed also on the base 13 side, and the spherical roller 1 and the springs 5 and 6 are attached therebetween.

  An annular flange 2 is provided on the side surface of the central portion of the spherical roller 1, and a spring 5 and a spring 6 wound in a conical shape are attached symmetrically thereto. Each other end is fixed to the lower mounting base 7 and the upper mounting base 8.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the base 12 moves leftward due to the earthquake and the spherical roller 1 rolls 30 degrees. The amount of movement of the center of the spherical roller 1 is half of the movement of the base 12. The springs 5 and 6 are greatly deformed and act on the spherical roller 1 as a rotational force in the reverse direction. When the base 12 moves in the opposite direction, the same action is applied in the opposite direction. Since it is a contact between a spherical surface and a flat surface, it rolls in the same way in any direction. Further, when the shaking of the base 12 is settled and the shaking remains on the foundation 13, it works similarly and becomes a seismic control force.

  A part near the apex of the spherical roller 1 is formed in a planar shape to have a function of preventing a roll due to wind pressure related to a structure that is supported at rest. In general, the weight of a building is very large, so that a sufficient resting force can be obtained. Further, the circular protrusion 9 provided at the apex, the abutment 3 and the circular concave surface 10 on the cradle 4 side prevent the occurrence of a deviation of the stationary position and always stop at an accurate position. The effect remains the same.

  The seismic isolation device using the spherical roller 1 and the springs 5 and 6 can be selected and arranged according to the partial weight of the building to be supported without making all the installations similar. Resonance caused by earthquakes can be reduced by combining different strengths. Further, the one or both sides of the upper and lower springs can be weakened to change the pressure applied to the plane of the spherical roller 1 to adjust the restraining force of the sway caused by the wind pressure.

  The upper and lower spherical surfaces of the spherical roller 1 may be the same spherical surface, but in the example shown in the figure, the radius is set slightly larger than that, and the same effect as the restoring force of the rolling bearing by the steel ball and the concave steel plate is given. In addition, an example is shown in which a fine spring in the vertical direction generated along with rolling is absorbed by the disc spring 11.

  A tube-shaped rubber cover 14 is attached to the outside of the lower mounting base 7 and the upper mounting base 8 by a fixture 15, and when the seismic intensity increases by making it strong at the same time as internal protection, the tension is used to control it. It can also be used as power.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the spherical roller 1 is greatly inclined, one side of the upper and lower springs 5 and 6 is compressed to generate a strong repulsive force, and the opposite side is extended to reduce the repulsive force. As a result, a strong rotational force in the opposite direction is generated and the supporting building is moved in the same direction as the base 12, but the large inertial force of the building and generally the seismic frequency and the natural frequency of the building are different. Therefore, it does not resonate greatly due to resonance, and a great vibration reducing effect can be given to the shaking of the base 12 with a damper effect. In the case of the same spring force, the greater the spring mounting diameter of the heel 2 portion, the greater the force, but the smaller the rolling angle that can be selected.

  The shape of the coiled spring is a conical shape in the illustrated example, but a cylindrical shape or a semi-elliptical shape can also be selected. If a stronger spring is required, it can be dealt with by providing another pair of springs on the outside. In addition to the circular cross-section of the spring, it is also possible to select a spring wound with a thick rectangular steel strip.

  3 and 4 are seismic isolation devices using the rolling of the spherical roller 16 as in the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, but a spherical roller 16 having a convex spherical surface 20 and a concave spherical surface 21 and a planar concave ring surface 23. In this embodiment, the abutment 17 having the convex ring surface 24 and the cradle 18 are meshed with each other to completely prevent the occurrence of displacement due to slipping during rolling, so that the normal position can be always maintained.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the flange 2 is provided on the side surface of the spherical roller 16 and the springs 5 and 6 are attached, but the diameter of the attachment portion is reduced. The shape of the springs 5 and 6 is not conical, but a semi-elliptical and swollen shape so that the rolling angle is 40 degrees on one side and 80 degrees on both sides.

  The contact surface due to the reciprocating rolling is not based on the previous spherical surface and flat surface, but is a meshed combination like a gear and a rack, and an annular spherical surface and a planar uneven surface are combined. It is possible to maintain a precise rolling position at all times. In the example shown in the figure, the combination of the annular irregularities is one on the spherical roller 16 side, but a combination of two or more can also be selected.

  As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the depths of the central surface 22 and the concave ring surface 23 at the center of the abutment 17 and the cradle 18 are the same as those of the convex ring portion 20 of the rolling surface of the grooved spherical roller 16. It is the same as the height and can always roll smoothly in all directions as in the example of FIG. The center part is flat on both sides, and the shaking due to the wind pressure related to the building at rest is prevented using the gravity of the building to be supported in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

  The circular flat surface portion 19 at the apex of the spherical roller 16 is in close contact with the center surface 22 of the abutment 17, but a part of the outer peripheral portion thereof is made the same spherical shape as the convex spherical surface 20, or the outer peripheral portion has the same height. As a flat surface, rolling is made smoother.

  FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the upper half of a spherical roller of a seismic isolation device similar to that of Example 1. The right side of the line AB is substantially the same as the example in FIG. 1, but the inside is elastic such as rubber. A laminated rubber 25 made of a body is attached to the central support shaft A27. The spherical portion of the roller is an example of a spherical roller made of a steel spherical cover 26 and having a structure for absorbing fine vibration generated by rolling. The left side uses a laminated disc spring 29 and shows the shape of the loaded state. A spherical body 30 is attached to the central support shaft B28, and any of them can absorb longitudinal vibration more than that made of all steel. It can be replaced with a coiled or wound steel strip spring.

  In addition, it is possible to cope with size increase and cost reduction by making the inside hollow or filling the inside with concrete or the like.

  The seismic isolation device according to the present invention is not only a building, but also various indoor devices and equipment such as experimental facilities that require seismic protection, various storage shelves and beds, etc. A further seismic isolation effect can be obtained.

  When installing, the apparatus can be easily installed by pressurizing the apparatus from above and below, attaching it to the outside and attaching it to the outside, and then removing it after the weight is obtained in a removable state.

1 spherical roller 2 3 abutment 4 cradle 5 spring 6 spring 7 lower mounting base 8 upper mounting base 9 circular protrusion 10 circular concave surface 11 disc spring 12 base 13 foundation 14 cover 15 fixing tool 16 spherical roller 17 base 18 receiving base 19 Planar part 20 Convex spherical surface 21 Concave spherical surface 22 Central surface 23 Concave annular surface 24 Convex annular surface 25 Laminated rubber 26 Spherical cover 27 Support axis A 28 Support axis B
29 Laminated disc spring 30 Spherical body

Claims (3)

  An annular collar 2 is provided at the center of the side surface of the spherical roller 1 whose upper and lower surfaces are spherical, and various coiled springs are attached symmetrically to the upper and lower sides. The spherical roller 1 and the springs 5 and 6 are fixed to the base 12 and installed between the lower mounting base 7 having a flat rolling surface and the upper mounting base 8 fixed to the foundation 13 of the building. Seismic isolation devices by rolling spherical rollers that support buildings, etc.   The diameter of the upper and lower spherical surfaces of the spherical roller 1 is not changed, the radius is made slightly larger than one half of the spherical roller 1, and the restoring force of the spherical roller 1 that rolls due to an earthquake is reduced by making a small range of the spherical vertex part planar. A seismic isolation device that prevents shaking caused by wind pressure on structures that are suspended.   In the above-mentioned seismic isolation device, the rolling surface of the spherical roller 1 has a central cross section, and the upper and lower surfaces that support the annular convex spherical surface 20 and the concave spherical surface 21 on the spherical roller 1 side as the gears and the rack mesh. Is a seismic isolation device in which one set or a plurality of planar concave ring surfaces 23 and convex ring surfaces 24 are provided at the same height or depth and mesh with each other to prevent the occurrence of deviation in any direction of rolling.

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