JP2012164746A - Led drive circuit - Google Patents

Led drive circuit Download PDF

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JP2012164746A
JP2012164746A JP2011022744A JP2011022744A JP2012164746A JP 2012164746 A JP2012164746 A JP 2012164746A JP 2011022744 A JP2011022744 A JP 2011022744A JP 2011022744 A JP2011022744 A JP 2011022744A JP 2012164746 A JP2012164746 A JP 2012164746A
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transistor
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led
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drive
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JP5567509B2 (en
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Kazuyuki Miyajima
一之 宮島
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an LED in an LED drive circuit which controls PWM modulated light and constant current with one transistor to be switched from an off state to an on state at high speed.SOLUTION: Following are included: a sense resistor R1 which detects a drive current Iflowing in an LED and converts it into voltage; an op-amp 1 which amplifies a finite difference between a voltage Vs obtained by the sensor resistor R1 and a reference voltage Vref1; a transistor MN1 which, while acting according to a signal Vo obtained by the op-amp 1, exerts control so that the drive current Iflowing in the LED will become equal to a current value conforming to the reference voltage Vref1; a switch SW1 turns the transistor MN1 on or off according to a PWM signal to control lighting of the LED by PWM modulation; a current detector 2 which detects the drive current I; a current source I2 which charges the transistor MN1 when the PWM signal is switched for the LED to start lighting up; and a switch SW2 which stops charging by the current source I2 when the drive current Idetected by the current detector 2 reaches a prescribed value.

Description

本発明は、LEDをPWM調光するLED駆動回路に関する。   The present invention relates to an LED driving circuit for PWM dimming an LED.

発光素子LEDを例えば液晶表示装置のバックライトとして用いる場合、その輝度を一定に制御するために、一定電流をシンクする定電流回路を用いて発光素子LEDに流れる駆動電流を高精度に一定値に制御することが行われる。また、発光素子LEDの明るさを任意に調整する場合は、数百Hz以上の周波数で発光素子LEDをオン/オフ制御し、そのときの発光素子LEDの点灯/消灯の時間比を変化させることで、LEDの明るさを制御することが行われる。これは、PWM調光と呼ばれている。   When the light emitting element LED is used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, for example, in order to control the luminance to be constant, the drive current flowing through the light emitting element LED is set to a constant value with high accuracy by using a constant current circuit that sinks a constant current. Control is done. In addition, when arbitrarily adjusting the brightness of the light emitting element LED, the light emitting element LED is turned on / off at a frequency of several hundred Hz or more, and the time ratio of turning on / off the light emitting element LED at that time is changed. Thus, the brightness of the LED is controlled. This is called PWM dimming.

図5に一般的なLED駆動回路を示す。このLED駆動回路は、基準電流Iref1を発生する電流源I1と、その電流源I1の基準電流Iref1を1:1でミラーするカレントミラーを構成するPMOSトランジスタMP1,MP2と、トランジスタMP2のドレイン電流Iref1が流れることで基準電圧Vref1を発生する抵抗R2と、その基準電圧Vref1と後記するセンス抵抗R1に発生する検出電圧Vsとを比較してその差分に応じた電圧Voを出力するオペアンプ1と、そのオペアンプ1の出力電圧Voに応じて導通が制御され複数個が直列接続された発光素子LEDに駆動電流ILEDを供給するNMOSトランジスタMN1と、そのトランジスタMN1に流れる駆動電流ILEDを検出して前記した検出電圧Vsを発生するセンス抵抗R1と、外部から入力するPWM信号VPWMによってオン/オフしてトランジスタMN1のゲートを制御してPWM調光を行うスイッチSW1とを備える。 FIG. 5 shows a general LED driving circuit. This LED driving circuit includes a current source I1 that generates a reference current Iref1, PMOS transistors MP1 and MP2 that constitute a current mirror that mirrors the reference current Iref1 of the current source I1 1: 1, and a drain current Iref1 of the transistor MP2. An operational amplifier 1 that compares the reference voltage Vref1 with a detection voltage Vs generated at a sense resistor R1 to be described later and outputs a voltage Vo according to the difference, the NMOS transistor MN1 to supply a drive current I LED to the light-emitting element LED in which a plurality conduction is controlled are connected in series in accordance with the output voltage Vo of the operational amplifier 1, wherein by detecting the drive current I LED flowing through the transistor MN1 ON / OFF by the sense resistor R1 for generating the detected voltage Vs and the PWM signal V PWM inputted from the outside. And a switch SW1 that performs PWM dimming by controlling the gate of the transistor MN1.

このLED駆動回路では、PWM信号VPWMによってスイッチSW1がオンしているときは、トランジスタMN1のゲートが低電位となり、そのトランジスタMN1がオフして、発光素子LEDは駆動電流が流れず消灯している。PWM信号VPWMによってスイッチSW1がオフしているときは、オペアンプ1の出力電圧VoがトランジスタMN1のゲートに入力し、その電圧Voに応じた駆動電流ILEDが発光素子LEDに供給される。この駆動電流ILEDは、センス抵抗R1に流れそこに検出電圧Vsが発生し、その検出電圧Vsがオペアンプ1にフィードバックされる。このようなフィードバック制御により、センス抵抗R1に基準電圧Vref1が発生するようにトランジスタMN1が制御されるので、発光素子LEDに流れる駆動電流ILEDは、
LED=Vref1/R1=Iref1・R2/R1 ・・・(1)
で表される一定電流に制御される。スイッチSW1は、PWM信号VPWMによって前記したように、数百Hz以上の周波数でオン/オフを繰り返してトランジスタMN1をオン/オフ制御し、発光素子LEDがPWM信号VPWMのデューティに応じてPWM調光される。
In this LED drive circuit, when the switch SW1 is turned on by the PWM signal VPWM , the gate of the transistor MN1 becomes low potential, the transistor MN1 is turned off, and the light emitting element LED is turned off without flowing the drive current. Yes. When the switch SW1 is turned off by the PWM signal VPWM , the output voltage Vo of the operational amplifier 1 is input to the gate of the transistor MN1, and the drive current I LED corresponding to the voltage Vo is supplied to the light emitting element LED. This drive current I LED flows into the sense resistor R 1, where a detection voltage Vs is generated, and the detection voltage Vs is fed back to the operational amplifier 1. By such feedback control, the transistor MN1 is controlled so that the reference voltage Vref1 is generated in the sense resistor R1, so that the drive current I LED flowing through the light emitting element LED is
I LED = Vref1 / R1 = Iref1 / R2 / R1 (1)
It is controlled to a constant current represented by The switch SW1, as described above by the PWM signal V PWM, the transistor MN1 repeats the on / off several hundred Hz or more frequency ON / OFF control, PWM light emitting device LED according to the duty of the PWM signal V PWM Dimmed.

ところで、PWM調光を行う場合、発光素子LEDが点灯する時間が極端に短い場合は、発光素子LEDが消灯状態から点灯状態への切り替わる際の立ち上がりに要する時間遅れの影響が大きくなる。図5におけるキャパシタC1と抵抗R3は、このような時間遅れの要因となるトランジスタMN1のゲート寄生容量、オペアンプ1の位相補償容量、オペアンプ1の出力抵抗等の遅れ要素を表したものである。トランジスタMN1のゲート電圧は、スイッチSW1がオフになるとオペアンプ1の出力Voによって直ちに立ち上がる必要があるが、上記の遅れ要素によってその立ち上がりが遅れ、発光素子LEDがPWM信号VPWMのデューティに応じた輝度に達しなくなる問題がある。 By the way, when PWM dimming is performed, if the time during which the light emitting element LED is turned on is extremely short, the influence of the time delay required for the rise when the light emitting element LED is switched from the off state to the on state is increased. The capacitor C1 and the resistor R3 in FIG. 5 represent delay elements such as the gate parasitic capacitance of the transistor MN1, the phase compensation capacitance of the operational amplifier 1, and the output resistance of the operational amplifier 1, which cause such a time delay. Luminance gate voltage of the transistor MN1 is switch SW1 needs to stand up immediately by the output Vo of the operational amplifier 1 becomes off, its rising by the delay element is delayed, the light emitting device LED according to the duty of the PWM signal V PWM There is a problem that does not reach.

そこで、上記のような遅れを解消して、発光素子LEDの消灯状態から点灯状態への切り替わりを高速に行うようにしたLED駆動回路が、特許文献1に記載されている。これは、図6に示すように、スイッチSW3をオン/オフすることで、発光素子LEDに印加する電源電圧VCCをオン/オフしてPWM調光を行うものである。そして、スイッチSW3をオンさせて発光素子LEDを点灯させる際には、スイッチSW4を接点a側に切り替えて、センス抵抗R1に発生する電圧Vsと基準電圧Vref2の差分をオペアンプ3で検出して、その検出電圧VoでNPNトランジスタQ1のベース電圧をフィードバック制御することで、発光素子LEDに流れる駆動電流ILEDを一定電流に制御する。また、スイッチSW3をオフさせて発光素子LEDを消灯させているときは、センス抵抗R1に電圧が発生しておらず、そのままのフィードバック制御ではトランジスタQ1のゲート電圧が高くなるので、スイッチSW4を接点b側に切り替えてオペアンプ3を電圧ホロワの構成にして、トランジスタQ1に印加するベース電圧を、発光素子LEDが点灯しているときのベース電圧に近い電圧(Vref2)に切り替えておき、発光素子LEDを消灯状態から点灯状態に切り替えた際に、トランジスタQ1のベース電圧が高速に所望のベース電圧になるようにしたものである。 Therefore, Patent Document 1 discloses an LED driving circuit that eliminates the delay as described above and switches the light emitting element LED from the extinguished state to the lit state at high speed. As shown in FIG. 6, PWM dimming is performed by turning on / off the switch SW3 to turn on / off the power supply voltage V CC applied to the light emitting element LED. When the switch SW3 is turned on and the light emitting element LED is turned on, the switch SW4 is switched to the contact a side, and the operational amplifier 3 detects the difference between the voltage Vs generated at the sense resistor R1 and the reference voltage Vref2, By feedback control of the base voltage of the NPN transistor Q1 with the detection voltage Vo, the drive current I LED flowing through the light emitting element LED is controlled to a constant current. Further, when the switch SW3 is turned off and the light emitting element LED is turned off, no voltage is generated in the sense resistor R1, and the gate voltage of the transistor Q1 becomes high in the feedback control as it is, so that the switch SW4 is connected to the contact point. The operational amplifier 3 is configured as a voltage follower by switching to the b side, and the base voltage applied to the transistor Q1 is switched to a voltage (Vref2) that is close to the base voltage when the light emitting element LED is lit. Is switched from the extinguished state to the lit state so that the base voltage of the transistor Q1 becomes a desired base voltage at high speed.

特開2007−324416号公報JP 2007-324416 A

しかし、特許文献1に記載のものは、PWM調光の制御を発光素LEDに供給される電源電圧VCCをスイッチSW3でオン/オフして行い、発光素子LEDに流れる電流の定電流制御をトランジスタQ1で行うタイプ、つまりPWM調光制御と定電流制御をそれぞれ別の素子で行うタイプには適用できるが、図5に示したように、PWM調光制御と定電流制御を共通の1個のトランジスタMN1で行うタイプのLED駆動回路には適用できない。 However, the device disclosed in Patent Document 1 performs PWM dimming control by turning on / off the power supply voltage V CC supplied to the light emitting element LED by the switch SW3, and performs constant current control of the current flowing through the light emitting element LED. Although it can be applied to the type in which the transistor Q1 is used, that is, the type in which the PWM dimming control and the constant current control are performed by separate elements, as shown in FIG. It cannot be applied to the LED drive circuit of the type performed by the transistor MN1.

本発明の目的は、PWM調光制御と定電流制御を1個の素子で行うタイプにおいて、発光素子の消灯状態から点灯状態への切り替わりが高速に行われるようにしたLED駆動回路を提供することである。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an LED drive circuit in which switching from a light-emitting element to a light-on state is performed at high speed in a type in which PWM dimming control and constant current control are performed by one element. It is.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項1にかかる発明のLED駆動回路は、LEDに流れる駆動電流を検出して電圧に変換するセンス抵抗と、該センス抵抗で得られた電圧と基準電圧との差分を増幅するオペアンプと、該オペアンプで得られた信号に応じて動作して前記LEDに流れる駆動電流が前記基準電圧に応じた電流値になるように制御する第1のトランジスタと、該第1のトランジスタをPWM信号に応じてオン/オフ制御して前記LEDをPWM調光するスイッチ手段とを備えたLED駆動回路において、前記駆動電流を検出する電流検出器と、前記PWM信号が前記LEDの点灯を開始させるように切り替わったとき前記第1のトランジスタをオンさせる方向に制御するオン加速手段と、前記電流検出器で検出される前記駆動電流が所定値に達すると前記オン加速手段による制御を停止させる停止手段とを備えたことを特徴とする。
請求項2にかかる発明は、請求項1に記載のLED駆動回路において、前記停止手段によって前記オン加速手段による前記制御が停止するときの前記駆動電流の所定値は、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値であることを特徴とする。
請求項3にかかる発明は、請求項1又は2に記載のLED駆動回路において、前記電流検出器を、前記第1のトランジスタとゲートおよびソース又はベースおよびエミッタが共通接続された第2のトランジスタで構成し、前記オン加速手段を、前記第1および第2のトランジスタのゲート又はベースを所定電流で充電する電流源として働く第3のトランジスタで構成し、前記停止手段を、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値の定電流を前記第2のトランジスタに供給する電流源として働く第4のトランジスタと、前記第2のトランジスタのドレイン電流又はコレクタ電流が前記第4のトランジスタの前記定電流を超えるとき前記第3のトランジスタをオフにする第5のトランジスタとで構成した、ことを特徴とする。
請求項4にかかる発明は、請求項3に記載のLED駆動回路において、前記停止手段を、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値の定電流を前記第2のトランジスタに供給する電流源として働く第4のトランジスタと、前記第2のトランジスタのドレイン電流又はコレクタ電流が前記第4のトランジスタの前記定電流を超えるとき出力側の信号を反転させるインバータと、前記第3のトランジスタと前記第1および第2のトランジスタのゲート又はベースとの間に接続された第6のトランジスタとで構成した停止手段に置き換え、前記インバータの出力側の信号が反転したとき前記第6のトランジスタをオフさせるようにしたことを特徴とする。
請求項5にかかる発明は、請求項3又は4に記載のLED駆動回路において、前記第3のトランジスタの前記所定電流の値を、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値としたことを特徴とする。
請求項6にかかる発明は、請求項2、3、4又は5に記載のLED駆動回路において、前記基準電圧を第1の基準電流を用いて作成し、前記駆動電流が該第1の基準電流のK倍(K>1)の電流値となるように制御するとき、前記第2のトランジスタのサイズ比を、前記第の1のトランジスタのサイズ比の1/K倍に設定したことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, an LED drive circuit according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a sense resistor that detects a drive current flowing in an LED and converts it into a voltage, and a voltage obtained by the sense resistor and a reference voltage. An operational amplifier that amplifies the difference, a first transistor that operates according to a signal obtained by the operational amplifier and controls a drive current flowing through the LED to have a current value corresponding to the reference voltage, and the first transistor And a switch means for PWM dimming the LED by controlling on / off of the transistor according to the PWM signal, a current detector for detecting the drive current, and the PWM signal of the LED ON acceleration means for controlling the first transistor to turn on when switching to start lighting, and the drive current detected by the current detector Characterized in that a stopping means for stopping the control by the on-accelerating means reaches a predetermined value.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the LED drive circuit according to the first aspect, the predetermined value of the drive current when the control by the on acceleration unit is stopped by the stop unit is a current corresponding to the reference voltage. It is a value.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the LED drive circuit according to the first or second aspect, the current detector is a second transistor in which a gate and a source or a base and an emitter are commonly connected to the first transistor. And the on-acceleration unit includes a third transistor that functions as a current source for charging the gates or bases of the first and second transistors with a predetermined current, and the stop unit is configured according to the reference voltage. A fourth transistor serving as a current source for supplying a constant current of a current value to the second transistor, and the drain current or collector current of the second transistor exceeds the constant current of the fourth transistor; And a fifth transistor for turning off the third transistor.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the LED drive circuit according to the third aspect, the stop means serves as a current source that supplies a constant current having a current value corresponding to the reference voltage to the second transistor. Transistors, an inverter that inverts a signal on the output side when the drain current or collector current of the second transistor exceeds the constant current of the fourth transistor, the third transistor, the first and second transistors The sixth transistor connected to the gate or base of the transistor is replaced with a stopping means, and when the signal on the output side of the inverter is inverted, the sixth transistor is turned off. Features.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the LED driving circuit according to the third or fourth aspect, the value of the predetermined current of the third transistor is a current value corresponding to the reference voltage.
The invention according to claim 6 is the LED drive circuit according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the reference voltage is created using a first reference current, and the drive current is the first reference current. When the current value is controlled to be K times (K> 1), the size ratio of the second transistor is set to 1 / K times the size ratio of the first transistor. To do.

本発明によれば、PWM調光制御され且つ定電流制御される第1のトランジスタのゲートあるいはベースを、その第1のトランジスタをオンさせるべきタイミング時に、オン加速手段によりオンさせる方向に制御するので、発光素子LEDの消灯状態から点灯状態への切り替わりが高速に行われる。そして、停止手段によって、オン加速手段による制御が停止するときの発光素子LEDの駆動電流の値を、基準電圧に応じた電流値にすることにより、結局、発光素子LEDが目標の定電流になる時点でオン加速手段が停止するので、必要十分な立上げ制御が実現できることになる。   According to the present invention, the gate or base of the first transistor that is PWM dimming controlled and constant current controlled is controlled to turn on by the on acceleration means at the timing when the first transistor should be turned on. The light emitting element LED is switched from the unlit state to the lit state at high speed. And by making the value of the drive current of the light emitting element LED when the control by the on acceleration means stops by the stop means to be a current value corresponding to the reference voltage, the light emitting element LED eventually becomes a target constant current. Since the on-acceleration means stops at the time, necessary and sufficient start-up control can be realized.

本発明の第1の実施例のLED駆動回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the LED drive circuit of the 1st Example of this invention. 本発明の第2の実施例のLED駆動回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the LED drive circuit of the 2nd Example of this invention. 本発明の第3の実施例のLED駆動回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the LED drive circuit of the 3rd Example of this invention. 本発明と従来例のLED駆動回路のPWM調光動作時の波形図である。It is a wave form diagram at the time of PWM dimming operation | movement of the LED drive circuit of this invention and a prior art example. 従来のLED駆動回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the conventional LED drive circuit. 別の従来のLED駆動回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of another conventional LED drive circuit.

<第1の実施例>
図1に本発明の第1の実施例のLED駆動回路を示す。図5に示したものと同じものには同じ符号を付けた。本実施例では、抵抗R3とキャパシタC1の共通接続点と電源VDDのラインとの間に、電流源I2とスイッチSW2の直列回路を設けておく。また、トランジスタMN1のドレインの駆動電流ILEDを検出する電流検出器2を接続しておく。そして、その電流検出器2で検出される駆動電流ILEDが所定値に達しないときは、スイッチSW2をオンにしておき、所定値に達したときに、そのスイッチSW2をオフさせるようにした。なお、上記所定値は、前記式(1)で表される駆動電流ILEDに設定する。
<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows an LED drive circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those shown in FIG. In this embodiment, a series circuit of a current source I2 and a switch SW2 is provided between the common connection point of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C1 and the line of the power source V DD . In addition, a current detector 2 for detecting the drive current I LED at the drain of the transistor MN1 is connected. When the drive current I LED detected by the current detector 2 does not reach a predetermined value, the switch SW2 is turned on, and when the drive current I LED reaches the predetermined value, the switch SW2 is turned off. The predetermined value is set to the drive current I LED represented by the formula (1).

請求項との関係では、第1のトランジスタはトランジスタMN1で、オン加速手段は電流源I2で、停止手段はスイッチSW2で、それぞれ実現している。   In relation to the claims, the first transistor is realized by the transistor MN1, the on acceleration means is the current source I2, and the stop means is realized by the switch SW2.

本実施例では、発光素子LEDが消灯しているときは、電流検出器2で検出される駆動電流ILEDが上記所定値に達しないので、スイッチSW2はオンしているが、このとき、スイッチSW1もオンしているので、トランジスタMN1はオフとなっている。次に、発光素子LEDを消灯状態から点灯状態に変化させるときは、スイッチSW1がオンからオフに切り替わる。これによって、キャパシタC1に電流源I2の電流Iref2が充電され、トランジスタMN1のゲート電圧が上昇する。また、トランジスタMN1にはオペアンプ1の出力電圧も加わる。このようにして、トランジスタMN1に駆動電流ILEDが流れ、その電流が前記所定値に達すると、それが電流検出器2で検出されて、スイッチSW2がオフし、キャパシタC1への充電が停止される。 In this embodiment, when the light emitting element LED is turned off, the drive current I LED detected by the current detector 2 does not reach the predetermined value, so that the switch SW2 is turned on. Since SW1 is also on, the transistor MN1 is off. Next, when the light emitting element LED is changed from the off state to the on state, the switch SW1 is switched from on to off. As a result, the capacitor I is charged with the current Iref2 of the current source I2, and the gate voltage of the transistor MN1 rises. Further, the output voltage of the operational amplifier 1 is also applied to the transistor MN1. In this way, when the drive current I LED flows through the transistor MN1 and the current reaches the predetermined value, this is detected by the current detector 2, the switch SW2 is turned off, and charging of the capacitor C1 is stopped. The

この結果、トランジスタMN1は、その立ち上がり時にゲート電圧の上昇が加速されるので、発光素子LEDの消灯状態から点灯状態への切り替わりが高速に行われるようになり、点灯時間が極端に短い場合であっても、発光素子LEDがPWM信号VPWMのデューティに正確に応じた輝度に制御されるようになる。 As a result, the rise of the gate voltage of the transistor MN1 is accelerated at the time of rising, so that the light emitting element LED is switched from the unlit state to the lit state at high speed, and the lighting time is extremely short. However, the light-emitting element LED is controlled to have a luminance that accurately corresponds to the duty of the PWM signal VPWM .

図4に本実施例の効果を示した。図4(a)はPWM信号の波形図、図4(b)は図5に示した従来のLED駆動回路のLED駆動電流ILEDの波形図、図4(c)は本実施例のLED駆動回路のLED駆動電流ILEDの波形図である。本実施例では、LED駆動電流ILEDが定電流に達するまでの立ち上がり時間が、従来例のT2に比べてT1で示すように短くなる。 FIG. 4 shows the effect of this example. 4A is a waveform diagram of the PWM signal, FIG. 4B is a waveform diagram of the LED drive current I LED of the conventional LED drive circuit shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 4C is the LED drive of this embodiment. It is a wave form diagram of LED drive current ILED of a circuit. In this embodiment, the rise time until the LED drive current I LED reaches a constant current is shorter as indicated by T1 than T2 in the conventional example.

<第2の実施例>
図2に本発明の第2の実施例のLED駆動回路を示す。本実施例は、図1のLED駆動回路をより具体化したものである。本実施例では、ゲートとソースがトランジスタMN1と共通接続されたNMOSトランジスタMN2を設ける。このとき、ゲート幅の比(サイズ比W/L)は、MN1:MN2=K:1に設定する。1<Kである。よって、トランジスタMN2には、トランジスタMN1に流れる電流の1/Kの電流(=ILED/K)が流れる。また、電流源I1の電流Iref1を1:1でミラーするカレントミラーをPMOSトランジスタMP1,MP3で構成し、そのトランジスタMP3のドレインをトランジスタMN2のドレインに接続する。よって、トランジスタMP3は電流Iref1が流れる電流源として働く。さらに、電流源I2の電流Iref2を1:1でミラーするカレントミラーをPMOSトランジスタMP5,MP6で構成し、そのトランジスタMP6のドレインを抵抗R3とキャパシタC1の共通接続点に接続する。よって、トランジスタMP6は電流Iref2が流れる電流源として働く。さらに、ゲートがトランジスタMP3,MN2のドレインに共通接続され、ソースが電源VDDのラインに接続され、ドレインがトランジスタMP6のゲートに接続されたPMOSトランジスタMP4を設ける。
<Second embodiment>
FIG. 2 shows an LED drive circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the LED drive circuit of FIG. In this embodiment, an NMOS transistor MN2 whose gate and source are commonly connected to the transistor MN1 is provided. At this time, the gate width ratio (size ratio W / L) is set to MN1: MN2 = K: 1. 1 <K. Therefore, a current 1 / K (= I LED / K) of the current flowing through the transistor MN1 flows through the transistor MN2. Further, a current mirror that mirrors the current Iref1 of the current source I1 by 1: 1 is constituted by PMOS transistors MP1 and MP3, and the drain of the transistor MP3 is connected to the drain of the transistor MN2. Therefore, the transistor MP3 functions as a current source through which the current Iref1 flows. Further, a current mirror that mirrors the current Iref2 of the current source I2 by 1: 1 is composed of PMOS transistors MP5 and MP6, and the drain of the transistor MP6 is connected to the common connection point of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C1. Therefore, the transistor MP6 functions as a current source through which the current Iref2 flows. Further, there is provided a PMOS transistor MP4 whose gate is commonly connected to the drains of the transistors MP3 and MN2, whose source is connected to the line of the power supply V DD, and whose drain is connected to the gate of the transistor MP6.

図1との関係では、電流検出器2はトランジスタMN2で、スイッチSW2はトランジスタMP3,MP4で、電流源I2は電流源I2’およびトランジスタMP5,MP6で、それぞれ実現している。また、請求項との関係では、第1のトランジスタはトランジスタMN1で、第2のトランジスタはトランジスタMN2で、第3のトランジスタはトランジスタMP6で、第4のトランジスタはトランジスタMP3で、第5のトランジスタをトランジスタMP4で、それぞれ実現している。   In relation to FIG. 1, the current detector 2 is realized by the transistor MN2, the switch SW2 is realized by the transistors MP3 and MP4, and the current source I2 is realized by the current source I2 'and the transistors MP5 and MP6. In relation to the claims, the first transistor is the transistor MN1, the second transistor is the transistor MN2, the third transistor is the transistor MP6, the fourth transistor is the transistor MP3, and the fifth transistor is This is realized by the transistor MP4.

本実施例では、スイッチSW1がオフになると、トランジスタMP6のドレイン電流Iref2がキャパシタC1に充電され、トランジスタMN1,MN2のゲート電圧が上昇していく。このとき、トランジスタMN2には、ILED/Kの電流が流れるが、トランジスタMP3のドレインには電流Iref1が流れており、ILED/K<Iref1の関係が保たれている間は、トランジスタMP4はゲート電圧が高くなっていてオフしている。しかし、駆動電流ILEDが増大してきて、ILED/K≧Iref1の関係に反転すると、トランジスタMP4のゲート電圧が低くなってそのトランジスタMP4がオンし、このためトランジスタMP6のゲート電圧が高くなり、そのトランジスタMP6がオフする。これによって、キャパシタC1への電流Iref2の充電が停止される。この充電電流が停止するときの駆動電流ILEDは、
電流ILED=Iref1・K ・・・(2)
となる。よって、K=R2/R1に設定すれば、駆動電流ILEDが式(1)を満たす電流(定電流制御すべき目標電流)に達したとき、キャパシタC1への電流Iref2の充電が停止される。
In this embodiment, when the switch SW1 is turned off, the drain current Iref2 of the transistor MP6 is charged in the capacitor C1, and the gate voltages of the transistors MN1 and MN2 increase. At this time, a current of I LED / K flows through the transistor MN2, but a current Iref1 flows through the drain of the transistor MP3, and while the relationship of I LED / K <Iref1 is maintained, the transistor MP4 The gate voltage is high and turned off. However, when the drive current I LED increases and reverses to the relationship of I LED / K ≧ Iref1, the gate voltage of the transistor MP4 is lowered and the transistor MP4 is turned on, so that the gate voltage of the transistor MP6 is increased, The transistor MP6 is turned off. As a result, charging of the current Iref2 to the capacitor C1 is stopped. The driving current I LED when this charging current stops is
Current I LED = Iref1 · K (2)
It becomes. Therefore, if K = R2 / R1 is set, the charging of the current Iref2 to the capacitor C1 is stopped when the drive current I LED reaches a current satisfying the expression (1) (a target current to be controlled with constant current). .

<第3の実施例>
図3に第3の実施例のLED駆動回路を示す。本実施例は、電流Iref1を1:1でミラーするカレントミラーをPMOSトランジスタMP1,MP6で構成し、このトランジスタMP6と、キャパシタC1と抵抗R3との共通接続点との間にPMOSトランジスタMP7を接続して、そのトランジスタMP7のゲートにインバータINV1を接続し、そのインバータINV1の入力側をトランジスタMP3,MN2の共通ドレインに接続したものである。
<Third embodiment>
FIG. 3 shows an LED driving circuit of the third embodiment. In this embodiment, a current mirror that mirrors the current Iref1 at 1: 1 is composed of PMOS transistors MP1 and MP6, and a PMOS transistor MP7 is connected between the transistor MP6 and a common connection point between the capacitor C1 and the resistor R3. Then, the inverter INV1 is connected to the gate of the transistor MP7, and the input side of the inverter INV1 is connected to the common drain of the transistors MP3 and MN2.

本実施例では、スイッチSW1がオフになると、トランジスタMP6のドレインに電流Iref1が流れてキャパシタC1に充電され、トランジスタMN1,MN2のゲート電圧が上昇していく。このとき、トランジスタMN2には、ILED/Kの電流が流れるが、トランジスタMP3のドレインには電流Iref1が流れており、ILED/K<Iref1の関係が保たれている間は、インバータINV1の入力側の電圧が高くなっていて、そのインバータINV1の出力側は低レベルとなり、トランジスタMP7のオン状態が継続している。しかし、駆動電流ILEDが増大してきて、ILED/K≧Iref1の関係に反転すると、インバータINV1の入力側の電圧が低くなり、出力側の電圧が高くなって、トランジスタMP7がオフする。これによって、キャパシタC1への電流Iref1の充電が停止される。 In the present embodiment, when the switch SW1 is turned off, the current Iref1 flows through the drain of the transistor MP6 and charges the capacitor C1, and the gate voltages of the transistors MN1 and MN2 rise. At this time, a current of I LED / K flows through the transistor MN2, but a current Iref1 flows through the drain of the transistor MP3, and while the relationship of I LED / K <Iref1 is maintained, the current of the inverter INV1 is maintained. The voltage on the input side is high, the output side of the inverter INV1 is at a low level, and the on state of the transistor MP7 continues. However, when the drive current I LED increases and reverses to the relationship of I LED / K ≧ Iref1, the voltage on the input side of the inverter INV1 decreases, the voltage on the output side increases, and the transistor MP7 turns off. As a result, charging of the current Iref1 to the capacitor C1 is stopped.

大きなLED駆動電流ILEDが必要になるときは、電流Iref1を大きくし基準電圧Vref1を高くして検出電圧Vsが大きくなるようなフィードバック制御することが行われ、このときは、トランジスタMN1のゲート・ソース間電圧を大きくする制御が行われる。このような場合、トランジスタMN1のゲート電圧は、立ち上がりにより長い時間がかかることになる。 When a large LED drive current I LED is required, feedback control is performed such that the current Iref1 is increased and the reference voltage Vref1 is increased to increase the detection voltage Vs. Control is performed to increase the source-to-source voltage. In such a case, the gate voltage of the transistor MN1 takes a long time to rise.

この点について、本実施例によれば、固定の基準電流Iref2でキャパシタC1を充電する図1,図2で説明したLED駆動回路に比べて、要求される大きな駆動電流ILEDに応じて大きくした電流Iref1を使用してキャパシタC1を充電するので、トランジスタMN1のゲート電圧の立ち上がり時間をより短縮できる。つまり、本実施例によれば、発光素子LEDを駆動する電流ILEDの大きくなるほど、それに応じてキャパシタC1の充電電流が大きくなるので、駆動電流ILEDが大きくなっても、トランジスタMN1の立ち上がりを短縮できる。 In this regard, according to this embodiment, FIG. 1 to charge the capacitor C1 with a fixed reference current Iref2, compared to the LED drive circuit described in FIG. 2, was greatly depending on a large drive current I LED that is required Since the capacitor C1 is charged using the current Iref1, the rise time of the gate voltage of the transistor MN1 can be further shortened. In other words, according to the present embodiment, the larger the current I LED to drive the light-emitting element LED, the charging current of the capacitor C1 increases accordingly, even if the drive current I LED increases, the rise of transistor MN1 Can be shortened.

<その他の実施例>
なお、図3で説明したインバータINV1とトランジスタMP7の組み合わせ構成は、図2で説明したトランジスタMP4に置き換えることができる。また、逆に、図2で説明したトランジスタMP4を、図3で説明したインバータINV1とトランジスタMP8の組み合わせの構成に置き換えることができる。また、以上の実施例では、トランジスタとしてMOSトランジスタを使用したが、バイポーラトランジスタを使用しても、同様に実現することができることは勿論である。
<Other examples>
Note that the combined configuration of the inverter INV1 and the transistor MP7 described in FIG. 3 can be replaced with the transistor MP4 described in FIG. Conversely, the transistor MP4 described in FIG. 2 can be replaced with a combination of the inverter INV1 and the transistor MP8 described in FIG. In the above embodiment, a MOS transistor is used as a transistor. However, it is a matter of course that the same can be realized by using a bipolar transistor.

1:オペアンプ、2:電流検出器、3:オペアンプ
I1,I2,I2’:電流源
MP1〜MP7:PMOSトランジスタ
MN1,MN2:NMOSトランジスタ
1: operational amplifier, 2: current detector, 3: operational amplifier I1, I2, I2 ': current source MP1 to MP7: PMOS transistors MN1, MN2: NMOS transistors

Claims (6)

LEDに流れる駆動電流を検出して電圧に変換するセンス抵抗と、該センス抵抗で得られた電圧と基準電圧との差分を増幅するオペアンプと、該オペアンプで得られた信号に応じて動作して前記LEDに流れる駆動電流が前記基準電圧に応じた電流値になるように制御する第1のトランジスタと、該第1のトランジスタをPWM信号に応じてオン/オフ制御して前記LEDをPWM調光するスイッチ手段とを備えたLED駆動回路において、
前記駆動電流を検出する電流検出器と、前記PWM信号が前記LEDの点灯を開始させるように切り替わったとき前記第1のトランジスタをオンさせる方向に制御するオン加速手段と、前記電流検出器で検出される前記駆動電流が所定値に達すると前記オン加速手段による制御を停止させる停止手段とを備えたことを特徴とするLED駆動回路。
A sense resistor that detects a drive current flowing through the LED and converts it into a voltage, an operational amplifier that amplifies the difference between the voltage obtained by the sense resistor and a reference voltage, and operates according to a signal obtained by the operational amplifier A first transistor that controls the drive current flowing through the LED to have a current value corresponding to the reference voltage, and the LED is PWM dimmed by controlling on / off of the first transistor according to a PWM signal. In an LED drive circuit comprising switch means for
A current detector for detecting the drive current; on-acceleration means for controlling the first transistor to turn on when the PWM signal is switched to start lighting the LED; and detected by the current detector An LED driving circuit comprising: a stopping unit that stops the control by the ON acceleration unit when the driving current reaches a predetermined value.
請求項1に記載のLED駆動回路において、
前記停止手段によって前記オン加速手段による前記制御が停止するときの前記駆動電流の所定値は、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値であることを特徴とするLED駆動回路。
The LED driving circuit according to claim 1,
The LED drive circuit, wherein the predetermined value of the drive current when the control by the on acceleration means is stopped by the stop means is a current value corresponding to the reference voltage.
請求項1又は2に記載のLED駆動回路において、
前記電流検出器を、前記第1のトランジスタとゲートおよびソース又はベースおよびエミッタが共通接続された第2のトランジスタで構成し、
前記オン加速手段を、前記第1および第2のトランジスタのゲート又はベースを所定電流で充電する電流源として働く第3のトランジスタで構成し、
前記停止手段を、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値の定電流を前記第2のトランジスタに供給する電流源として働く第4のトランジスタと、前記第2のトランジスタのドレイン電流又はコレクタ電流が前記第4のトランジスタの前記定電流を超えるとき前記第3のトランジスタをオフにする第5のトランジスタとで構成した、
ことを特徴とするLED駆動回路。
The LED drive circuit according to claim 1 or 2,
The current detector comprises a first transistor and a second transistor whose gate and source or base and emitter are commonly connected,
The on-acceleration means is constituted by a third transistor that functions as a current source for charging the gates or bases of the first and second transistors with a predetermined current,
A fourth transistor serving as a current source for supplying a constant current having a current value corresponding to the reference voltage to the second transistor; and a drain current or a collector current of the second transistor is the fourth transistor. A fifth transistor that turns off the third transistor when the constant current of the transistor is exceeded.
An LED drive circuit characterized by that.
請求項3に記載のLED駆動回路において、
前記停止手段を、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値の定電流を前記第2のトランジスタに供給する電流源として働く第4のトランジスタと、前記第2のトランジスタのドレイン電流又はコレクタ電流が前記第4のトランジスタの前記定電流を超えるとき出力側の信号を反転させるインバータと、前記第3のトランジスタと前記第1および第2のトランジスタのゲート又はベースとの間に接続された第6のトランジスタとで構成した停止手段に置き換え、前記インバータの出力側の信号が反転したとき前記第6のトランジスタをオフさせるようにしたことを特徴とするLED駆動回路。
The LED driving circuit according to claim 3,
A fourth transistor serving as a current source for supplying a constant current having a current value corresponding to the reference voltage to the second transistor; and a drain current or a collector current of the second transistor is the fourth transistor. An inverter that inverts the signal on the output side when the constant current of the first transistor exceeds the constant current, and a sixth transistor connected between the third transistor and the gates or bases of the first and second transistors The LED driving circuit is characterized in that the sixth transistor is turned off when a signal on the output side of the inverter is inverted by replacing with a configured stopping means.
請求項3又は4に記載のLED駆動回路において、
前記第3のトランジスタの前記所定電流の値を、前記基準電圧に応じた電流値としたことを特徴とするLED駆動回路。
The LED drive circuit according to claim 3 or 4,
The LED driving circuit, wherein the predetermined current value of the third transistor is a current value corresponding to the reference voltage.
請求項2、3、4又は5に記載のLED駆動回路において、
前記基準電圧を第1の基準電流を用いて作成し、前記駆動電流が該第1の基準電流のK倍(K>1)の電流値となるように制御するとき、前記第2のトランジスタのサイズ比を、前記第の1のトランジスタのサイズ比の1/K倍に設定したことを特徴とするLED駆動回路。
The LED driving circuit according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5,
When the reference voltage is generated using a first reference current and the drive current is controlled to be a current value K times the first reference current (K> 1), the second transistor An LED driving circuit, wherein a size ratio is set to 1 / K times the size ratio of the first transistor.
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US10687399B2 (en) 2018-06-08 2020-06-16 New Japan Radio Co., Ltd. Constant current drive circuit
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JP7558175B2 (en) 2019-01-29 2024-09-30 エイエムエス-オスラム インターナショナル ゲーエムベーハー Video wall, driver circuit, drive control circuit and related methods

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