JP2012163006A - Blade opening/closing type wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that a cost is increased since a cam link mechanism is complicated, and a rotational resistance loss is generated of a horizontal shaft though a conventional example is formed as a structure for minimizing resistance by setting a blade horizontally when turning to wind and maximizing drag by setting the blade vertically when receiving the wind by rotating the blade on the horizontal shaft by a cam mechanism by detecting the wind flow direction by a wind direction plate.SOLUTION: The blade is constituted of a blade frame 3, an opening/closing blade shaft 5, and an opening/closing blade 4, the opening/closing blade 4 is installed at the opening/closing blade shaft 5 arranged at the outer end of the blade frame 3, and the opening/closing blade 4 is formed as a structure openable and closable between a closing position parallel to the blade frame 3 and an opening position rotated in the substantially right-angled direction from the blade frame 3, and formed as the structure for reducing resistance by opening the blade when turning to the wind and maximizing the drag by closing the blade when receiving the wind. The wind turbine is formed as a structure for eliminating an opening/closing resistance loss by opening and closing the opening/closing blade 4 by wind power while reducing the cost by eliminating the wind direction plate and the cam link mechanism.

Description

      The present invention relates to a windmill structure for rotating a windmill using wind power and obtaining power for driving a generator and a pump by the rotational force.

      A conventional vertical shaft type windmill power unit uses a wind direction plate as shown in the following patent document, and when the cam mechanism is pushed by the wind, the wings are leveled when heading to the wind to reduce resistance loss. There are examples of inventions where the drag is vertical and the drag is maximized, but there are disadvantages that the structure is complicated, the manufacturing cost is high, and the maintenance is difficult.

JP-A-3-202679

    The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and makes use of the advantages of the vertical axis type wind turbine device, simplifies the structure without using a wind direction plate, and minimizes manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. The wing is attached to a rotatable opening and closing blade shaft so that it can be opened and closed. When going to the wind, the wing is opened to minimize resistance loss, and when pressed by the wind, the opening and closing blade is closed to maximize drag. A wing opening and closing wind turbine is to be provided.

In the reference windmill, the wind direction is detected by the wind direction plate, the wings are rotated on the horizontal axis by the cam mechanism, the wings are horizontal when heading to the wind, the resistance is minimized, and the wings are vertical when receiving the wind. Although it has a structure that maximizes the drag force, the cam link mechanism is complicated and expensive, and there is a drawback in that a rotation resistance loss of the horizontal axis occurs.

    The wing is composed of a wing frame, an opening and closing blade shaft, and an opening and closing blade. The opening and closing blade is attached to the opening and closing blade shaft provided at the outer end of the blade frame. The opening and closing blade is in a closed position parallel to the blade frame and substantially perpendicular to the blade frame. It is structured to be able to open and close between the open positions rotated in the direction of the wind, open the wings to reduce resistance when heading to the wind, and close the wings to maximize the drag when receiving the wind. The mechanism will be abolished and the cost will be reduced, and the opening and closing blades will be opened and closed by centrifugal force and wind force to eliminate the opening and closing resistance loss.

By the above solution, the following points are greatly improved as compared with the conventional product.
(1) Without wind direction plates, it can handle all wind directions and efficiently convert wind power into rotational force.
(2) Simplify the structure, ensure strength, reduce manufacturing costs, and facilitate maintenance.
(3) A soft cushioning stopper is provided between the closed position of the blade frame and the open / close blade and the open position to absorb the rotation stop sound of the open / close blade to ensure quietness.
(4) The wind turbine characteristics are low-speed rotation and high-torque type, and operate safely even in strong winds.

Cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present plan Top view of the first embodiment of the present plan Explanatory drawing of the behavior of the open / close blades of the first embodiment of the present plan Top view of the three-blade structure of the second embodiment of the present plan

The structure and operation of the present plan will be described below with reference to FIGS.
1 to 3 show a two-blade structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a top view of the three-blade structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
First, the first embodiment of the present plan will be described. Set up 11 frame poles at 4 corners, and install 10a upper frame plate and 10b lower frame plate. One vertical shaft is rotatably attached to the center of the 10a upper frame plate and the 10b lower frame plate using 8 vertical shaft bearings. 2 wings are composed of 3 wing frames, 5 open / close wing shafts, and 4 open / close wings, and the 3 wing frame is a box frame with 3a upper plate, 3b lower plate, side 3c inner plate and 3d outer plate fixed to one vertical shaft. 4 open / close blades are attached to 5 open / close blade shafts rotatably provided by using 9 open / close blade bearings between the rotating outer end sides of the 3a upper plate and the 3b lower plate. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of four open / close blades extend from the 5 open / close blade shaft to the right side in the width direction of the 3a upper plate and the 3b lower plate in the direction of the vertical axis, and are bent into a substantially L shape to 3b Extends in the direction of one vertical axis parallel to the lower plate.
In the case of FIG. 2, the two blades receive wind and rotate in the clockwise direction, but the four open / close blades extend from the five open / close blade shafts to the left side in the width direction toward the vertical axis and bend in a substantially L shape. When stretched parallel to the plate and 3b lower plate, the two wings receive wind and rotate counterclockwise.
Therefore, the mounting shape of multiple 4 open / close blades must be in the same direction as described above.
Next, 6 closure stoppers are attached to the 3c inner plate between the rotating outer end of the 4 open / close blade and the contact portion of the 3c inner plate, but are attached to either the rotating outer end of the 4 open / close blade or the 3c inner plate. May be. Further, the side surfaces of the four opening / closing blades may be extended and provided between the contact portions of the 3a upper plate and the 3b lower plate.
Further, a plurality of 7 opening stoppers are attached to the 3d outer plate between the inside of the 3d outer plate and the outer surface of the 4 opening and closing blades when the 4 opening and closing blades are in the open position, but they may be provided on either one. It should be noted that any stopper material is preferably a soft buffer material such as rubber in order to absorb the contact shock vibration. As another method, the material of the four open / close blades may be made of a buffer member such as hard rubber, and the stopper may be omitted.
Further, the 3-blade frame, the 4 opening / closing blades, and the 5 opening / closing blade shafts are rotating members of the wind turbine, and the material is preferably made of a light alloy such as an aluminum alloy or a resin material to reduce the weight.
The lower end of one vertical shaft is supported by an 8-bearing bearing, 12 large gears are attached below it, 13 meshed with small gears, increased speed, and 15 generators directly connected to the shafts of 13 small gears are rotated. Of course, this rotational load may be used as a pump or other power source.
Next, the behavior of the four open / close blades of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
From 360/0 shown on the outer edge of the rotating circle, follow the explanation of the behavior of the four open / close blades and the state of rotational torque as the two blades rotate over 45 ° clockwise.
At the 360/0 degree position, the 4 open / close blades are closed, but they are not subjected to wind and have zero rotational torque. At 45 degrees, the four open / close blades are closed and winded on the slope, generating about 50% of rotational torque. At the 90 degree position, the 4 open / close blades receive the wind at right angles in the closed state and the rotational torque becomes 100%. At the 135 ° position, the 4 open / close blades are closed and receive wind on the slope, generating about 50% rotational torque.
At the 180 degree position, the 4 open / close blades are closed and do not receive wind force and have zero rotational torque.
However, since the center of gravity of the 4 open / close blades is in front of the 5 open / close blade shaft (lower side in FIG. 3) without receiving wind force, the 4 open / close blades are swung from the closed state to the open state. Turns around and begins to receive wind again. At the 225 degree position, the 4 open / close blades are open and receive wind on the slope, and a rotational torque of about 25% is generated. At the 270 degree position, the 4 open / close blades are open and do not receive wind and no rotational torque is generated, resulting in a slight torque loss. At the 315 degree position, the 4 open / close blades are open and do not receive wind and no rotational torque is generated, resulting in a slight torque loss. And it returns to a 360 degree position.
From the above results, in the two-blade structure, the total rotational torque at the 180 ° pitch target position becomes the windmill operating torque, and rotational torque is always generated except for the 360/0 ° position. The high energy conversion efficiency is understood.
In the case of the three-blade structure, the manufacturing cost is high, but the conversion efficiency of wind energy is further increased, and an ideal efficiency can be obtained by using a vertical axis wind turbine.

Next, the three-blade structure of the present second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The operating principle is the same as in the first embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 4, the two blades are installed in three directions at a pitch of 120 degrees, and the total generated torque at the 360/0 degree position of the two blade structure is zero position. The problem is solved, the start of rotation at the time of light wind is facilitated, the balance of the center of gravity as a rotating machine is averaged, and rotational vibration is reduced.

At present, large wind turbines equipped with propeller blades on the horizontal axis have been adopted in advance.
The reason for this is that the power generation efficiency of the horizontal axis wind turbine is good and suitable for large-scale power generation. On the other hand, for home use, photovoltaic power generation is mainly installed, because the installation place is small and it is difficult to install a propeller windmill.
However, solar power generation is only necessary during the daytime, and there is a requirement to be blessed with good weather, and wind power generation that can generate electricity when there is wind even during cloudy weather or at night is attractive.
Therefore, a future plan to increase the amount of power generation is considered to be a hybrid of solar power generation and wind turbine power generation, but what is urgent is a small wind power generator that can be installed at home. In order to proceed with downsizing, it is necessary to develop a power generator with a vertical axis and good wind energy conversion efficiency. This plan was developed to achieve its purpose.To further increase the rotational force conversion efficiency of the vertical axis gyromill type wind turbine, the wind direction plate is not used, and when the wind is received, the opening and closing blades are closed and the wind It is intended to improve efficiency by opening the opening and closing blades on the opposite side and reducing rotational resistance loss.
In this proposal, we have achieved a safe design with the simplest possible structure, low manufacturing costs and low maintenance costs.

1 vertical shaft, 2 blades, 3 blade frames, 3a upper plate, 3b lower plate, 3c inner plate, 3d outer plate, 4 open / close blade, 5 open / close blade shaft, 6 open stopper, 7 open stopper, 8 vertical shaft bearing, 9 Open / close blade shaft bearing, 10a upper frame plate, 10b lower frame plate, 11 frame pole, 12 large diameter gear, 13 small diameter gear, 14 gear case, 15 generator,

Claims (3)

        A plurality of blades are mounted radially on the vertical shaft at equal intervals, and the blade is composed of a blade frame, an opening / closing blade shaft and an opening / closing blade, and the opening / closing blade is between the upper plate and the lower plate on the rotating outer end side of the blade frame. The opening and closing blades are mounted in parallel on the left and right sides of the upper and lower plates in the width direction of the upper plate and the lower plate toward the vertical axis. The opening / closing blade is configured to rotate between a closed position parallel to the upper plate and the lower plate and an open position opened substantially perpendicular to the upper plate and the lower plate, and the opening / closing blade is pressed by the wind. The wing opening-and-closing type windmill is characterized in that it is in the closed state when it is driven, and in the open state when it goes to the wind. 2. The blade open / close wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the open / close blade extends from the open / close blade shaft to the left or right in the direction of the vertical axis, and is bent into a substantially L shape from the side surface of the upper plate and the lower plate. And extending in the direction of the vertical axis parallel to the upper plate and the lower plate, and providing a difference between the center position of the opening / closing blade shaft and the center of gravity of the opening / closing blade on the radial line from the vertical axis, A blade-opening / closing wind turbine characterized in that when the wind is not directly subjected to wind, the opening-and-closing blade can be switched from the closed position to the open position by the rotational centrifugal force of the blade. 3. The blade opening / closing wind turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the abutment portion is configured to stop rotation at the closed position and the open position of the opening / closing blade with respect to the upper plate and the lower plate or the inner plate and the outer plate of the blade frame. Each of the blades is provided with a stopper, and the stopper is attached to any one of the upper plate and the lower plate or the inner plate and the outer plate and the outer peripheral portion of the opening / closing blade, and the material is made of a soft cushioning material. Open and close windmill.