JP2012160126A - Information processing device, drive support device, and vehicle control device - Google Patents

Information processing device, drive support device, and vehicle control device Download PDF

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JP2012160126A
JP2012160126A JP2011020975A JP2011020975A JP2012160126A JP 2012160126 A JP2012160126 A JP 2012160126A JP 2011020975 A JP2011020975 A JP 2011020975A JP 2011020975 A JP2011020975 A JP 2011020975A JP 2012160126 A JP2012160126 A JP 2012160126A
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vehicle
information processing
information
processing apparatus
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Sayaka Ono
佐弥香 小野
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an information processing device for a vehicle capable of appropriately grasping an influence on travelling of an own vehicle based on information obtained through inter-vehicle communication.SOLUTION: The present invention performs the following steps: to acquire speed and position information on a communicating vehicle in traffic flowing ahead of an own vehicle through inter-vehicle communication (Step S1); to determine, when detecting that a proceeding vehicle A reduces a speed thereof at a point other than the point to stop (Step S2) and the vehicle B travelling between the vehicle A and the own vehicle also reduces the speed due to a factor same as the vehicle A (Step S3), that a propagation of speed reduction occurs between the vehicle A and the vehicle B (Step 4); to predict, based on a behavior change, whether or not the propagation of the speed reduction affects the own vehicle (Step S5); and to guide deceleration or a lane change of the own vehicle at an appropriate timing (Step S6).

Description

本発明は、車両情報を処理する情報処理装置に関し、特に、通信手段により複数の車両の車両情報を受信して処理する情報処理装置と、その処理情報を利用する運転支援装置、車両制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus that processes vehicle information, and more particularly, to an information processing apparatus that receives and processes vehicle information of a plurality of vehicles by communication means, a driving support apparatus that uses the processing information, and a vehicle control apparatus. .

車々間通信を利用して他の車両の車両情報(位置、速度等)を取得することで、周辺の交通状況を把握する技術が知られている。特許文献1に開示されている技術は、そうした車々間通信を用いたシステムの一例であり、車両に搭載したカメラで撮像した画像から車両の周辺に係る交通情報を抽出し、車両の挙動変化が所定変化量以上である場合に抽出した交通情報を他車に送信することにより、運転者に対して必要となる交通情報のみを選別して送信するものである。   2. Description of the Related Art A technique for grasping surrounding traffic conditions by acquiring vehicle information (position, speed, etc.) of other vehicles using inter-vehicle communication is known. The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an example of a system using such inter-vehicle communication, and traffic information related to the periphery of the vehicle is extracted from an image captured by a camera mounted on the vehicle, and the behavior change of the vehicle is predetermined. Only the traffic information necessary for the driver is selected and transmitted by transmitting the extracted traffic information to another vehicle when the amount of change is equal to or greater than the change amount.

特開2007−156755号公報JP 2007-156755 A

この技術によれば、自車両から離れた場所での交通情報を取得することが可能となるが、それが自車両にどの程度影響するかを把握することができない。このため、取得した交通情報の自車両の運転支援等へ活用が不十分であった。   According to this technology, it is possible to acquire traffic information at a location away from the host vehicle, but it is not possible to grasp how much it affects the host vehicle. For this reason, utilization of the acquired traffic information for driving support of the own vehicle has been insufficient.

そこで本発明は、取得した車両情報に基づいて交通流への影響を適切に把握することを可能とした情報処理装置と当該情報に基づく運転支援装置、車両制御装置を提供することを課題とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an information processing apparatus capable of appropriately grasping an influence on traffic flow based on acquired vehicle information, a driving support apparatus and a vehicle control apparatus based on the information. .

上記課題を解決するため、本発明にかかる情報処理装置は、通信手段により複数の車両の車両情報を受信して処理する情報処理装置において、得られた車両情報に基づいて車両間における交通流の伝搬特性を求め、求めた伝搬特性に基づいて当該交通流の所定の車両に対する影響を判定することを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, an information processing apparatus according to the present invention is an information processing apparatus that receives and processes vehicle information of a plurality of vehicles by a communication unit, and determines traffic flow between vehicles based on the obtained vehicle information. Propagation characteristics are obtained, and the influence of the traffic flow on a predetermined vehicle is determined based on the obtained propagation characteristics.

伝搬特性を求める交通流には、所定の車両の先行車両、後方車両のほか、所定の車両と合流する車両や進路が交差する車両等による交通流が含まれる。   The traffic flow for obtaining the propagation characteristics includes a traffic flow caused by a vehicle that merges with a predetermined vehicle, a vehicle that crosses the course, and the like in addition to a preceding vehicle and a rear vehicle of a predetermined vehicle.

この情報処理装置は、車両に搭載される装置であって、交通流の伝搬特性は、自車両の進行方向に位置する第1の車両から、この第1の車両と自車両との間に位置する第2の車両へと伝搬する伝搬特性であり、該伝搬特性に基づいて交通流の自車両に対する影響を判定するとよい。求めた伝搬特性をさらに後方車両に対して伝達してもよい。   This information processing apparatus is an apparatus mounted on a vehicle, and the propagation characteristic of traffic flow is determined between a first vehicle located in the traveling direction of the own vehicle and between the first vehicle and the own vehicle. It is good to determine the influence of the traffic flow on the own vehicle based on the propagation characteristic. The obtained propagation characteristics may be further transmitted to the rear vehicle.

この情報処理装置は、所定の情報処理センターに配置されており、求めた所定の車両に対する影響に関する情報を当該所定の車両、あるいはその周辺車両に対して通知するとよい。   The information processing apparatus is disposed in a predetermined information processing center, and may notify the predetermined vehicle or its surrounding vehicles of information regarding the obtained influence on the predetermined vehicle.

本発明にかかる運転支援装置、車両制御装置は、これらの情報処理装置の判定結果に基づいて運転支援、車両制御を行う。この運転支援としては、推定した交通流や自車両への影響を運転者に通知するほか、推奨する運転操作の案内、誘導、自動制御が含まれる。   The driving support device and the vehicle control device according to the present invention perform driving support and vehicle control based on the determination results of these information processing devices. In addition to notifying the driver of the estimated traffic flow and the influence on the host vehicle, the driving support includes recommended driving operation guidance, guidance, and automatic control.

本発明によれば、複数の車両の車両情報から交通流の伝搬特性を求めることで、所定の車両の運行への影響を適格に把握することが可能となる。特に、所定の車両の進行方向から当該車両に向かって伝搬してくる伝搬特性を把握することで、前方の交通流が当該所定の車両に与える影響を精度よく推定することができる。こうして推定した影響に基づいて運転支援、車両制御を行うことで、適切なタイミングで運転支援、車両制御を行うことができ、運転者のシステムに対する信頼性が向上する。   According to the present invention, by determining the propagation characteristics of traffic flow from the vehicle information of a plurality of vehicles, it is possible to properly grasp the influence on the operation of a predetermined vehicle. In particular, by grasping the propagation characteristics propagating from the traveling direction of a predetermined vehicle toward the vehicle, it is possible to accurately estimate the influence of the traffic flow ahead on the predetermined vehicle. By performing driving support and vehicle control based on the estimated influence in this way, driving support and vehicle control can be performed at appropriate timing, and the reliability of the driver's system is improved.

本発明にかかる車両用情報処理装置を含む運転支援装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the driving assistance apparatus containing the information processing apparatus for vehicles concerning this invention. 図1の装置における交通流解析処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the traffic flow analysis process in the apparatus of FIG. 解析対象の交通流の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the traffic flow of analysis object.

以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。説明の理解を容易にするため、各図面において同一の構成要素に対しては可能な限り同一の参照番号を附し、重複する説明は省略する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate the understanding of the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components in the drawings as much as possible, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

図1に本発明にかかる車両用情報処理装置を含む運転支援装置の構成を示すブロック図を示す。この装置は制御装置であるITS(Intelligent Transport Systems=高度道路交通システム) ECU(Electric Control Unit)1を中心に構成されている。このITS ECU1は、CPU、ROM、RAMによって構成される。ITS ECU1には、アンテナ30に接続され、他車両との間で車両情報(位置、速度等の情報)を相互通信する車々間通信機3と、自車両の車速等の車両状態を取得する各種の車両状態量センサ4、各種表示を行うディスプレイ50と、音声出力を行うスピーカー51が接続されている。また、ITS ECU1は、自車両の位置情報取得と経路案内を行うナビゲーションECU2と相互通信を行う機能を有する。   FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving support apparatus including a vehicle information processing apparatus according to the present invention. This device is mainly composed of an ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) ECU (Electric Control Unit) 1 which is a control device. The ITS ECU 1 includes a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM. The ITS ECU 1 is connected to an antenna 30 and communicates with other vehicles to communicate vehicle information (position, speed, etc.) with each other and various vehicle statuses such as the vehicle speed of the host vehicle. A vehicle state quantity sensor 4, a display 50 that performs various displays, and a speaker 51 that performs audio output are connected. Further, the ITS ECU 1 has a function of performing mutual communication with a navigation ECU 2 that performs position information acquisition and route guidance of the host vehicle.

ナビゲーションECU2には、アンテナ60を介してGPS(Global Positioning System=全地球測位システム)衛星からの信号を受信するGPS受信機6、地図情報を格納している地図データベース(Database;DB)61、自律航法装置であるジャイロ装置62が接続されている。前述したディスプレイ50と、スピーカー51は、ナビゲーションシステムの一部であってもよく、これらを車内AV(AudioVisual)機器と共有する構成としてもよい。   The navigation ECU 2 includes a GPS receiver 6 that receives a signal from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite via an antenna 60, a map database (DB) 61 that stores map information, an autonomous system A gyro device 62 which is a navigation device is connected. The display 50 and the speaker 51 described above may be part of the navigation system, and may be configured to share them with the in-vehicle AV (AudioVisual) device.

次に、この運転支援装置の動作を図2、図3を参照して説明する。図2は、交通流解析処理を示すフローチャートであり、図3は、解析対象の交通流の一例を示す図である。この動作は運転支援動作中にITS ECU1により所定のタイミングで繰り返し実行される。   Next, the operation of this driving support apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing traffic flow analysis processing, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a traffic flow to be analyzed. This operation is repeatedly executed at a predetermined timing by the ITS ECU 1 during the driving support operation.

最初に車々間通信機3を通じて車々間通信により、前方交通流中の通信車両C〜Cから各車両の速度、位置情報を取得する。各通信車両C〜Cは、車速センサで取得した車両の速度情報と、GPS受信機6等で取得した自車両の位置情報とを規定の形式で他車両に通知している。また、自車両Mも同様に自車両の位置・速度情報を他車両に通知している。なお、各車両は、車両間でそれぞれの車両情報を相互に直接通信するほか、他の車両情報を中継することで、直接通信できない車両の速度情報を間接的に伝達することも可能である。 First, the speed and position information of each vehicle is acquired from the communication vehicles C 1 to C 9 in the forward traffic flow by inter-vehicle communication through the inter-vehicle communication device 3. Each of the communication vehicles C 1 to C 9 notifies the other vehicles of the vehicle speed information acquired by the vehicle speed sensor and the position information of the host vehicle acquired by the GPS receiver 6 or the like in a prescribed format. Similarly, the own vehicle M notifies the other vehicle of position / speed information of the own vehicle. In addition, each vehicle can indirectly transmit speed information of vehicles that cannot be directly communicated by relaying other vehicle information in addition to directly communicating the vehicle information between the vehicles.

以下、図3に示される車両Cを車両A、車両Cを車両Bとする場合の処理例を述べるが、組み合わせる車両を異ならせて判定を行えば、交通流の伝搬をより詳細に解析することができる。 In the following, an example of processing when the vehicle C 8 shown in FIG. 3 is the vehicle A and the vehicle C 7 is the vehicle B will be described. If the determination is made with different vehicles to be combined, the traffic flow propagation will be analyzed in more detail. can do.

ステップS3では、先行している車両Aが信号や一時停止など停止すべき地点以外で速度低下したか否かを判定する。例えば、図3に示される地点Iが工事や規制のため通過できない地点である場合、車両Aは走行しているレーンLからLへと車線変更する必要があるが、レーンLがレーンLからの進入車両のために地点I付近で渋滞しているような場合には、減速する必要が生ずる。ステップS3では、このような減速の発生の有無を判定する。 In step S3, it is determined whether or not the preceding vehicle A has slowed down at a point other than the point where it should stop, such as a signal or a temporary stop. For example, if the point I shown in FIG. 3 is a point which can not pass through because of the construction and regulations, the vehicle A although it is necessary to change lanes from the lane L 1 which is traveling to the L 2, lane L 2 Lane If as congested around the point I for the entering vehicle from L 1 is required occurs to decelerate. In step S3, it is determined whether or not such deceleration has occurred.

このような停止すべき地点以外での減速が生じていない場合には、車両Aが減速することによる交通流への影響はないと判断し、以下の処理を省略して処理を終了する。一方、車両Aが停止すべき地点以外で減速している場合には、その減速の影響を判断するため、ステップS4へと移行する。   If there is no deceleration other than at such a point to be stopped, it is determined that there is no influence on the traffic flow due to the deceleration of the vehicle A, and the following process is omitted and the process ends. On the other hand, when the vehicle A decelerates at a point other than the point where it should stop, the process proceeds to step S4 in order to determine the influence of the deceleration.

ステップS4では、車両Aより後方、自車両Mより前方(自車両Mと車両Aとの間)を走行している車両BについてAと同じ要因で減速しているか否かを判定する。これは、車両Aから車両Bへの速度伝搬に基づいて判定することができる。速度伝搬は、車両nの時刻tにおける速度をV(t)、速度伝搬の時刻tにおける感度をα(t)、速度伝搬に要する時間をTとすると、次式により表すことができる。

Figure 2012160126
In step S4, it is determined whether or not the vehicle B traveling behind the vehicle A and ahead of the host vehicle M (between the host vehicle M and the vehicle A) is decelerating due to the same factor as A. This can be determined based on velocity propagation from the vehicle A to the vehicle B. Speed propagation can be expressed by the following equation, where V n (t) is the speed of vehicle n at time t, α (t) is the sensitivity of speed propagation at time t, and T is the time required for speed propagation.
Figure 2012160126

感度α(t)、速度伝搬所要時間Tが伝搬特性であり、これを求めることで伝搬の状態を判定できる。そして、感度が所定値以上で、速度伝搬に要する時間が所定時間(先行車と伝搬を受ける車両との距離に応じて設定される。)以内の場合には、同じ要因での速度低下があると判断し、ステップS4へと移行し、車両A−B間で速度伝搬が発生していると判定する。一方、感度が所定値以下、または、速度伝搬に要する時間が長い場合には、同じ要因での速度低下は発生していないと判断して、その後の処理を省略して処理を終了する。   Sensitivity α (t) and speed propagation required time T are propagation characteristics, and the propagation state can be determined by obtaining these. When the sensitivity is equal to or higher than a predetermined value and the time required for speed propagation is within a predetermined time (set according to the distance between the preceding vehicle and the vehicle receiving the propagation), there is a speed decrease due to the same factor. And the process proceeds to step S4, and it is determined that velocity propagation is occurring between the vehicles A and B. On the other hand, if the sensitivity is equal to or lower than the predetermined value or the time required for velocity propagation is long, it is determined that the velocity reduction due to the same factor has not occurred, and the subsequent processing is omitted and the processing is terminated.

車両A−B間で速度伝搬が発生していると判定した場合は、ステップS5へと移行して、AとBの挙動変化から当該減速伝搬が自車両に影響を及ぼすか否かを予測する。この予測は上記速度伝搬式に基づいてA−B間の速度伝搬特性の推移に基づいてB−自車両間の速度伝搬特定を求めて、伝搬を予測することで行えばよい。   If it is determined that speed propagation is occurring between the vehicles A and B, the process proceeds to step S5 to predict whether or not the deceleration propagation affects the host vehicle from the behavior changes of A and B. . This prediction may be performed by obtaining the speed propagation specification between B and the host vehicle based on the transition of the speed propagation characteristic between A and B based on the speed propagation formula and predicting the propagation.

自車両への影響がないと判断した場合には、その後の処理を省略して処理を終了する。一方、自車両への影響があると判断した場合には、ステップS6へと移行して、ディスプレイ50、スピーカー51を通じて最適なタイミングでのアクセルオフ操作の誘導や車線変更誘導を行い、処理を終了する。   If it is determined that there is no influence on the host vehicle, the subsequent processing is omitted and the processing is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an influence on the host vehicle, the process proceeds to step S6, where the accelerator-off operation guidance or the lane change guidance is performed at the optimal timing through the display 50 and the speaker 51, and the processing is terminated. To do.

本実施形態によれば、前方車両の車両情報に基づいて交通流の伝搬を解析し、自車両の走行に与える影響を予測しているので、交通流状況の変化にリアルタイムに対応することができ、最適な運転支援、車両制御が可能となる。運転支援に際しては、自車両の燃費、通過時間等を最適化するように行うほか、自車両の交通流への影響を考慮してもよい。   According to the present embodiment, the propagation of traffic flow is analyzed based on the vehicle information of the preceding vehicle, and the influence on the traveling of the host vehicle is predicted, so it is possible to respond to changes in the traffic flow situation in real time. Optimum driving assistance and vehicle control are possible. In driving support, in addition to optimizing the fuel consumption and passage time of the host vehicle, the influence on the traffic flow of the host vehicle may be taken into consideration.

ここでは、自車両の前を走行する車両による交通流への影響を判定する場合を説明したが、後方車両や対向車、合流する車両や交差する道路を走行する車両等の周囲の車両の影響も加味して判断を行ってもよい。これらの車両の影響を加味すると、交通流への影響をより精度よく選定することが可能となるが、処理量が増大するので、処理装置の能力や精度向上とのバランスに応じて適宜設定するとよい。   Here, the case of determining the influence on the traffic flow by a vehicle traveling in front of the host vehicle has been described. However, the influence of surrounding vehicles such as a rear vehicle, an oncoming vehicle, a joining vehicle, and a vehicle traveling on a crossing road is described. Judgment may also be made in consideration of the above. Considering the influence of these vehicles, it is possible to select the influence on the traffic flow with higher accuracy, but the processing amount increases, so if it is set appropriately according to the balance between the processing device capacity and accuracy improvement Good.

さらに、判定結果を後続の車両に対して提供すると、後続の車両における交通流の影響判断が容易になり、好ましい。   Furthermore, it is preferable to provide the determination result to the following vehicle because it is easy to determine the influence of traffic flow in the subsequent vehicle.

また、車両の情報は車々間通信のほかに路側等に設置したセンサ等で取得した情報を路車間通信により取得してもよい。また、情報処理装置自体、自車両に設ける必要はなく、例えば、別の情報処理センター(車両情報を取得するエリアに近接する路側等への配置に限られるものではなく、それ以外の場所に配置され、車両情報を有線、無線の通信手段により相互通信する機能を備えているものでもよい。)に配置して、所定の車両についての交通流の影響を判定するものであってもよい。   In addition to vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle information may be acquired by road-to-vehicle communication, such as information acquired by sensors installed on the roadside. In addition, the information processing apparatus itself does not need to be provided in the own vehicle. For example, the information processing apparatus is not limited to the arrangement on another information processing center (the roadside close to the area from which the vehicle information is acquired, but other places The vehicle information may be provided with a function of communicating with each other by wired or wireless communication means), and the influence of traffic flow on a predetermined vehicle may be determined.

この場合、当該所定の車両に対して交通流の影響の判定結果を路車間通信等により通知するほか、この所定の車両の周囲の車両に対してもこの所定の車両についての判定結果を通知してもよい。通知を受けた車両はこの判定結果に基づいて運転支援や車両制御を行うとよい。   In this case, the determination result of the influence of the traffic flow is notified to the predetermined vehicle by road-to-vehicle communication or the like, and the determination result about the predetermined vehicle is also notified to the surrounding vehicles of the predetermined vehicle. May be. The vehicle that has received the notification may perform driving support or vehicle control based on the determination result.

ここでは、速度低下を例に説明したが、速度低下を伴わない車線変更や進路変更等の交通流状況について判定を行い、その影響に応じて運転支援を行うようにしてもよい。   Here, the speed reduction has been described as an example, but it is also possible to determine traffic flow conditions such as lane changes and route changes without speed reduction, and to perform driving support according to the influence.

1…ITS ECU、2…ナビゲーションECU、3…車々間通信機、4…車両状態量センサ、6…GPS受信機、30、60…アンテナ、50…ディスプレイ、51…スピーカー、62…ジャイロ装置。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... ITS ECU, 2 ... Navigation ECU, 3 ... Inter-vehicle communication device, 4 ... Vehicle state quantity sensor, 6 ... GPS receiver, 30, 60 ... Antenna, 50 ... Display, 51 ... Speaker, 62 ... Gyro apparatus.

Claims (7)

通信手段により複数の車両の車両情報を受信して処理する情報処理装置において、
得られた車両情報に基づいて車両間における交通流の伝搬特性を求め、求めた伝搬特性に基づいて当該交通流の所定の車両に対する影響を判定することを特徴とする情報処理装置。
In an information processing apparatus that receives and processes vehicle information of a plurality of vehicles by communication means,
An information processing apparatus characterized by obtaining a traffic flow propagation characteristic between vehicles based on the obtained vehicle information and determining an influence of the traffic flow on a predetermined vehicle based on the obtained propagation characteristic.
前記情報処理装置は、車両に搭載される装置であって、前記交通流の伝搬特性は、自車両の進行方向に位置する第1の車両から、前記第1の車両と自車両との間に位置する第2の車両へと伝搬する伝搬特性であり、該伝搬特性に基づいて交通流の自車両に対する影響を判定することを特徴とする請求項1記載の情報処理装置。 The information processing apparatus is an apparatus mounted on a vehicle, and the propagation characteristic of the traffic flow is between a first vehicle located in a traveling direction of the host vehicle and the first vehicle and the host vehicle. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information processing apparatus is a propagation characteristic that propagates to a second vehicle positioned, and determines an influence of the traffic flow on the own vehicle based on the propagation characteristic. 求めた伝搬特性をさらに後方車両に対して伝達することを特徴とする請求項2記載の情報処理装置。 The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the obtained propagation characteristic is further transmitted to the rear vehicle. 前記情報処理装置は、所定の情報処理センターに配置されており、求めた所定の車両に対する影響に関する情報を当該所定の車両に対して通知することを特徴とする請求項1記載の情報処理装置。 The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information processing apparatus is disposed in a predetermined information processing center and notifies the predetermined vehicle of information relating to the obtained influence on the predetermined vehicle. 前記情報処理装置は、所定の情報処理センターに配置されており、求めた所定の車両に対する影響に関する情報を当該所定の車両の周辺車両に対して通知することを特徴とする請求項1記載の情報処理装置。 2. The information according to claim 1, wherein the information processing apparatus is disposed in a predetermined information processing center, and notifies information about the obtained influence on the predetermined vehicle to surrounding vehicles of the predetermined vehicle. Processing equipment. 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の情報処理装置により判定された自車両に対する交通流の影響に基づいて運転支援を行う運転支援装置。 A driving support apparatus that performs driving support based on the influence of traffic flow on the host vehicle determined by the information processing apparatus according to claim 1. 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の情報処理装置により判定された情報に基づいて車両の制御を行う車両制御装置。
The vehicle control apparatus which controls a vehicle based on the information determined by the information processing apparatus in any one of Claims 1-5.
JP2011020975A 2011-02-02 2011-02-02 Information processing device, drive support device, and vehicle control device Pending JP2012160126A (en)

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