JP2012158291A - Vehicular windshield - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make both compatible in a drawing characteristic and penetration resistance of an intermediate layer of a vehicular windshield constituted of laminated glass.SOLUTION: Since the intermediate layer 15 sandwiched by two glass layers 17 and 17 of the windshield 14 is a textile structure or a knitting structure and can be drawn in at least the biaxial direction along a surface of itself, when the glass layers 17 and 17 are broken since a pedestrian collides, the intermediate layer 15 secures a shock absorbing stroke by drawing, and can effectively reduce a shock received by the pedestrian. Moreover, a required drawing characteristic can be secured while enhancing strength against penetration by enhancing strength of yarn itself by adopting the intermediate layer of the textile structure or the knitting structure. Since the intermediate layer 15 obtains the drawing characteristic and the penetration resistance by the textile structure or the knitting structure, influence received to the drawing characteristic and the penetration resistance by a temperature change, can be minimized.

Description

  The present invention relates to a windshield for a vehicle made of laminated glass in which one intermediate layer is sandwiched between two glass layers.

  Laminated glass used for an automobile front windshield or the like is generally configured by sandwiching an intermediate layer made of a single synthetic resin film between two glass layers. In order to improve the shock absorption performance when a pedestrian collides with the front windshield, it is desirable that the intermediate layer can be easily stretched to ensure the shock absorption stroke, and the breaking strength that prevents the pedestrian from penetrating the front windshield Is also required. Thus, it is known from Patent Document 1 below that an intermediate layer is formed of a thermoplastic polyvinyl acetal thermoplastic plastic typified by plastic polyvinyl butyral to achieve both stretchability and penetration resistance.

  Also, a patent document 2 discloses a laminated glass in which fashionability is enhanced by sandwiching an intermediate layer made of woven fabric or fiber between two glass layers and the intermediate layer is visually observed through the glass layer.

JP-A-2005-306326 JP 2001-226154 A

  By the way, the invention described in Patent Document 1 is easily affected by temperature changes because the intermediate layer is made of a synthetic resin film. At high temperatures, the intermediate layer becomes soft and the penetration resistance decreases. Sometimes the intermediate layer became hard and the stretchability could be reduced.

  In addition, the invention described in Patent Document 2 is intended to enhance fashionability, and consideration has not been given to stretchability and penetration resistance when a pedestrian collides.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to achieve both stretchability and penetration resistance of an intermediate layer of a vehicle windshield made of laminated glass.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the windshield for a vehicle made of laminated glass in which one intermediate layer is sandwiched between two glass layers, the intermediate layer is A vehicle windshield is proposed which has a woven or knitted structure and can be stretched in at least two axial directions along its surface.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the structure of claim 1, there is proposed a vehicle windshield characterized in that the fabric structure is a fabric structure in which undrawn yarns are plain-woven. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the knitted structure is a knitted structure in which adjacent yarns are entangled while looping adjacent yarns. Is proposed.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, the intermediate layer has a woven structure at the center and a knitted structure at the periphery. A vehicle windshield characterized by the above is proposed.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the structure of any one of claims 1 to 4, the intermediate layer has a coarser texture or stitches in the peripheral part than in the central part. A vehicle windshield characterized by this is proposed.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 5, in the intermediate layer, the thread in the peripheral part extends more than the thread in the central part. A windshield for a vehicle that is easy to use is proposed.

  According to the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the structure of any one of claims 1 to 6, the glass layer and the intermediate layer are bonded by an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer A vehicle windshield is proposed which has a lower tensile strength than the intermediate layer.

  According to the invention described in claim 8, in addition to the structure of claim 7, there is proposed a vehicle windshield characterized in that the adhesive layer is PVB to which a plasticizer is added.

  According to the invention described in claim 9, in addition to the structure of any one of claims 1-8, the vehicle windshield characterized in that the yarn of the intermediate layer is PET. Proposed.

  According to the structure of Claim 1, a windshield is comprised with the laminated glass which pinched | interposed the one intermediate | middle layer between the two glass layers. The intermediate layer of the windshield is a woven or knitted structure and can be stretched in at least two axial directions along its surface. Therefore, when the pedestrian hits the windshield and the glass layer is broken, the intermediate layer is 2 The impact absorption stroke can be secured by extending in the axial direction, and the impact that the pedestrian receives from the windshield can be effectively reduced. When the intermediate layer has a woven structure, an impact absorbing effect due to the misalignment of the weave can be expected. In addition, the intermediate layer of the synthetic resin film has a problem that if the stretchability is increased, it is easy to break and the penetration resistance is lowered, and if the penetration resistance is increased, the stretchability is lowered and the impact absorption performance is lowered. By adopting an intermediate layer having a structure or a knitted structure, it is possible to ensure necessary stretchability while increasing the strength of the yarn itself and increasing the strength against penetration. In addition, since the intermediate layer obtains stretchability and penetration resistance by a woven structure or a knitted structure, the influence of stretchability and penetration resistance due to temperature change can be minimized.

  Moreover, according to the structure of Claim 2, since the unwoven yarn was plain-woven to constitute the woven fabric structure of the intermediate layer, the stretchability of the intermediate layer can be improved and the impact absorption performance when a pedestrian collides can be improved. .

  Further, according to the configuration of the third aspect, since the knitted structure of the intermediate layer is formed by entwining adjacent yarns while looping, the stretchability of the intermediate layer is enhanced and the shock absorbing performance when a pedestrian collides is enhanced. be able to.

  Further, according to the configuration of claim 4, the intermediate layer has a woven structure in which the central part is relatively difficult to stretch and the knitted structure in which the peripheral part is relatively easy to stretch, so that the pedestrian collides with the peripheral part of the windshield. Even so, the impact exerted on the pedestrian can be reduced by the intermediate layer being easily stretched around the periphery.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the intermediate layer has a coarser texture or stitches in the peripheral part than in the central part. Therefore, even if a pedestrian collides with the peripheral part of the windshield, the intermediate layer is easy in the peripheral part. The impact given to a pedestrian can be reduced by extending to.

  According to the configuration of claim 6, since the middle layer is more easily stretched in the peripheral part than in the central part, even if a pedestrian collides with the peripheral part of the windshield, the intermediate part is in the peripheral part. The impact given to a pedestrian can be reduced by extending | stretching easily.

  According to the structure of claim 7, the glass layer and the intermediate layer are bonded by the adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer has a lower tensile strength than the intermediate layer. There is no hindrance to stretching.

  Further, according to the configuration of the eighth aspect, the adhesive layer is PVB to which a plasticizer is added and has a low tensile strength. Therefore, it can be easily broken by an impact at the time of collision.

  According to the configuration of claim 9, since the yarn of the intermediate layer is PET and has high transparency, the transparency of the windshield can be increased and the visibility can be improved.

The front view of a front windshield. FIG. The enlarged view of the intermediate | middle layer which consists of textiles. The enlarged view of the intermediate | middle layer which consists of a knitted fabric.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the front windshield 11 surrounded by the front edges of the left and right front pillars 11, 11, the dashboard upper 12, and the roof panel 13 of the automobile collides with an obstacle and is cracked. It is made of laminated glass so that no debris will scatter and no obstacles will penetrate. That is, the front windshield 14 includes one intermediate layer 15, two adhesive layers 16, 16 laminated on the surface of the intermediate layer 15, and two sheets laminated on the surface of the adhesive layers 16, 16. The intermediate layer 15 and the glass layers 17 and 17 are bonded together by the adhesive layers 16 and 16. Although the intermediate layer 15 of the laminated glass of the general front windshield 14 is made of a synthetic resin film, the intermediate layer 15 of the present embodiment is made of a highly transparent PET (polyethylene terephthalate) woven or knitted fabric. The The adhesive layers 16 and 16 are made by adding a large amount of plasticizer to PVB (polyvinyl butyral) so as to be easily broken by impact. The tensile strength of the adhesive layers 16, 16 is desirably lower than at least the tensile strength of the intermediate layer 15.

  FIG. 3A shows a laminated glass intermediate layer 15 made of a woven fabric (plain weave) woven with PET yarn. In this woven fabric, unstretched yarn having an allowance for elongation in the manufacturing process is used. As shown in FIG. 3 (B), when the load of the intermediate layer 15 is applied, the yarn itself is not only misaligned. By extending, the intermediate layer 15 can be easily stretched at least in the vertical and horizontal biaxial directions.

  FIG. 4A shows a laminated glass intermediate layer 15 made of a knitted fabric (knitted fabric) knitted with PET yarn. As shown in FIG. 4B, when a load is applied to the intermediate layer 15, the knitted knitted fabric is easy to stretch because the yarns are looped and entangled with each other, and the intermediate layer 15 can be easily stretched at least in the two axial directions. Can be stretched. At this time, the stretchability of the intermediate layer 15 can be further enhanced by employing an unstretched yarn that has secured an allowance in the manufacturing process.

  When a pedestrian collides with the front windshield 14 having the intermediate layer 15 having the above structure, the glass layers 17 and 17 and the adhesive layers 16 and 16 are broken by the impact, and tension is applied to the intermediate layer 15. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3 (B) or FIG. 4 (B), the intermediate layer 15 extends in the vertical and horizontal biaxial directions, so that the impact absorbing stroke in the collision direction is secured and the impact applied to the pedestrian is applied. It is reduced. Moreover, since the yarn of the intermediate layer 15 has sufficient strength and is not easily broken, the intermediate layer 15 is not broken by the impact of the collision, and the pedestrian is prevented from penetrating through the front windshield 14. When the intermediate layer 15 has a woven structure, an impact absorbing effect due to the misalignment of the texture can be expected.

  By the way, when a pedestrian collides with the center portion of the front windshield 14 away from the front edges of the front pillars 11, 11, the dashboard upper 12 and the roof panel 13, the intermediate layer 15 at that portion easily stretches to absorb the shock. Increases effectiveness. On the other hand, when a pedestrian collides with the peripheral part of the front windshield 14 near the front edges of the front pillars 11, 11, the dashboard upper 12, and the roof panel 13, the intermediate layer 15 of the part is restrained and hardly stretches. The impact absorbing effect is reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the front windshield 14 is divided into a central region A and end regions B and B, and the stretchability of the intermediate layer 15 is lowered in the central region A, and in the end regions B and B, If the height is increased, the impact absorbing effect can be evenly enhanced over the entire area of the front windshield 14.

  A first technique for this purpose is to employ a woven fabric in the central region A of the intermediate layer 15 and employ a knitted fabric in the end regions B and B of the intermediate layer 15. Generally, since the knitted fabric has higher stretchability than the woven fabric, the impact absorbing effect can be evenly enhanced over the entire area of the front windshield 14 by properly using the knitted fabric and the woven fabric as described above.

  The second method is to make the weaves or stitches in the end regions B and B rougher than the weave or stitches in the center region A while using only the woven fabric or the knitted fabric for the intermediate layer 15. Since the stretchability increases as the texture or stitch of the intermediate layer 15 becomes rougher, the impact absorbing effect can be evenly enhanced throughout the front windshield 14 by changing the fineness of the texture or stitch as described above.

  The third method is to increase the stretchability of the yarns used for the end regions B and B rather than the stretchability of the yarns used for the central region A of the intermediate layer 15. When the stretchability of the yarn is increased, the stretchability of the intermediate layer 15 is enhanced at the portion where the yarn is used, and therefore the impact absorbing effect can be evenly enhanced throughout the front windshield 14. In addition, the drawability of the yarn can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the elongation allowance of the undrawn yarn.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the intermediate layer 15 of the front windshield 14 has a woven structure or a knitted structure that can be extended in at least two axial directions along its surface. When the glass layers 17, 17 and the adhesive layers 16, 16 are broken due to collision, the intermediate layer 15 extends in the biaxial direction to ensure a shock absorbing stroke, and the pedestrian receives an impact from the front windshield 14. Can be effectively reduced and the pedestrian can be reliably prevented from penetrating the front windshield 14.

  In particular, if the stretchability of the intermediate layer 15 of the front windshield 14 is lowered in the center region A and increased in the end regions B and B, the end layer B and B in the end regions B and B where it is difficult to ensure the shock absorption stroke. Extendability can be improved and good shock absorption performance can be obtained in the entire area of the front windshield 14.

  Further, when a synthetic resin film is used for the intermediate layer 15 as in the prior art, the synthetic resin film has temperature dependence and is soft at a high temperature and hard at a low temperature. Therefore, it is difficult to always obtain a certain stretchability and penetration resistance. However, by employing a woven fabric or a knitted fabric for the intermediate layer 15, the stretchability and penetration resistance can be made less dependent on temperature.

  In addition, when a synthetic resin film is used for the intermediate layer 15, if the stretchability is increased, the penetration resistance is lowered and the penetration is likely to occur, and if the penetration resistance is increased, the stretchability is lowered and the shock absorption performance is lowered. However, by using a woven fabric or a knitted fabric for the intermediate layer 15, it is possible to ensure the necessary stretchability while increasing the strength of the yarn itself and improving the penetration resistance.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the embodiment, the stretchability of the intermediate layer 15 is made different between the central region A of the front windshield 14 and the end regions B and B on the left and right sides thereof. 11. The stretchability of the intermediate layer 15 may be different between the peripheral edge portion along the front edge of the dashboard upper 12 and the roof panel 13 and the central portion surrounded by the peripheral edge portion in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  The weaving method of the intermediate layer 15 is not limited to plain weave, and the weaving method of the intermediate layer 15 is not limited to knitting.

  The material of the intermediate layer 15 is not limited to PET, and the material of the adhesive layers 16 and 16 is not limited to PVB.

  The vehicle windshield of the present invention is not limited to the front windshield 14 of the embodiment, but can be applied to a side windshield or a rear windshield such as a door glass or a rear quarter glass.

15 Intermediate layer 16 Adhesive layer 17 Glass layer

Claims (9)

In a windshield for a vehicle made of laminated glass with one intermediate layer (15) sandwiched between two glass layers (17),
The vehicle windshield characterized in that the intermediate layer (15) has a woven structure or a knitted structure and can be extended in at least two axial directions along its surface.   The vehicle windshield according to claim 1, wherein the woven structure is a woven structure in which undrawn yarns are plain-woven.   2. The vehicle windshield according to claim 1, wherein the knitted structure is a knitted structure in which adjacent yarns are entangled while being looped.   The windshield for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intermediate layer (15) has a woven structure at the center and a knitted structure at the periphery.   The windshield for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the intermediate layer (15) has a woven or knitted texture at a peripheral portion thereof rather than at a central portion thereof.   The windshield for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the intermediate layer (15) is more easily stretched in a peripheral yarn than in a central yarn.   The glass layer (17) and the intermediate layer (15) are bonded with an adhesive layer (16), and the adhesive layer (16) has a lower tensile strength than the intermediate layer (15), The vehicle windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The vehicle windshield according to claim 7, wherein the adhesive layer (16) is PVB to which a plasticizer is added.   The windshield for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the yarn of the intermediate layer (15) is PET.

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