JP2012157945A - Cutting method and cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve cutting efficiency by shortening moving time of a cutting head between parts.SOLUTION: A sheet material placed on a cutting table is cut into a plurality of parts by the cutting head provided with a cutting member freely elevating and cutting. The plurality of parts are grouped into a plurality of groups so that the parts close to each other form one group. In each group, the cutting head is moved to cut each part along a cutting line of each part in the group, starting from a starting point in the group without causing the cutting member to rise from the sheet material between the parts in the group. In between the groups, the cutting member is raised to separate from the sheet material, and the cutting head is moved to the starting point in the group in the next group.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting method and a cutting apparatus.

  In the cutting apparatus, a cutting head provided with a knife or a round blade is moved on the cutting table along the cutting line of the part to cut out the part. When the cutting of one part is completed, the cutting head is raised and moved to the next part. Then, the cutting head is lowered to start cutting the next part (for example, Patent Document 1: Patent 3786975).

  In this way, the cutting head frequently moves up and down and repeats acceleration and deceleration. The raising and lowering of the cutting head requires time, and during acceleration and deceleration, the cutting head moves at a low speed in the horizontal plane, so that the movement time becomes long even if the movement distance to the next part is short. For this reason, the time consumed for the cutting head to move between parts becomes longer.

Patent 3786975

  An object of the present invention is to shorten the time for the cutting head to move between parts and to make cutting efficient.

This invention is a method of cutting a sheet material placed on a cutting table into a plurality of parts by a cutting head provided with a cutting member that can freely move up and down,
The plurality of parts are grouped into a plurality of groups so that the parts close to each other are made into one group.
Within each group, start from the starting point within the group, and cut the parts along the cutting line of each part within the group without raising the cutting member from the sheet material between the parts within the group Moving the head;
And a step of moving the cutting head to a start point in the group in the next group by raising the cutting member between the groups and separating it from the sheet material.

  If it does in this way, a cutting head can move between parts in a group, without raising a cutting member. And since it moves without raising the cutting member between the parts in the group, there is no need to frequently move between parts consisting of raising of the cutting member, acceleration of the cutting head, deceleration of the cutting head, and lowering of the cutting member. . Therefore, the moving time of the cutting head can be shortened and cutting can be performed efficiently. The sheet material may be used clothes, leather, etc., in addition to a rectangular fabric.

  It is possible to start cutting other parts before cutting one part, and then cut the original part, but after cutting one part, cut the next part. The process is easier and more accurate when starting. Therefore, preferably, each part has a part start point within a predetermined distance from the start point in the group, starts from the part start point, goes around the part cutting line, and returns to the part start point. The step of moving the cutting head and cutting the part by the cutting member and the step of moving the cutting head to the start point of the next part without raising the cutting member from the sheet material Repeat until the part is cut and move the cutting head within the group in a single stroke. In this way, each part in the group can be cut particularly efficiently.

  Preferably, parts whose moving distance between the parts is larger than a predetermined allowable range are excluded from the group and preferably added to other parts. In this way, the distance traveled between parts within the group can be shortened. In exceptional cases, a group consisting of only one part may be provided for the excluded part.

  The start point is a position where cutting in the group is started, and may be in the gap between parts or on the cutting line of any part. The starting point of the parts may be the same as the starting point of the group. The grouping of parts and the cutting course of the cutting head, in other words, the moving path of the cutting head, may be created by a cutting device or a separate design device.

  Preferably, the grouping is performed so that the total length of the cutting member in each group is equal to or less than the length that requires the polishing of the cutting member. If it does in this way, grinding | polishing of a cutting member can be performed while raising a cutting member between groups and moving it.

The present invention also provides a cutting apparatus including a cutting table, a cutting head including a cutting member that can freely move up and down, and a controller that controls the cutting head.
The plurality of parts are grouped into a plurality of groups so that the parts close to each other are made into one group.
The controller starts from the starting point in each group and cuts each part along the cutting line of each part in the group without raising the cutting member from the sheet material between the parts in the group. While the head is moved, the cutting member is raised between the groups to be separated from the sheet material, and the cutting head is moved to the start point in the group in the next group.

Block diagram of the cutting apparatus of the embodiment The figure which shows the cutting course in the example The figure which expands and shows the cutting course in the group in an Example Diagram showing excluding parts away from the start point in a group The figure which shows the determination method of the cutting course in an Example The figure which shows the cutting course in the comparative example

  In the following, an optimum embodiment for carrying out the invention will be shown. The scope of the present invention should be construed in consideration of the possibility of modification by well-known techniques in the description of the scope of claims.

  1 to 5 show an embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a cutting apparatus 2 according to the embodiment. Reference numeral 4 denotes a cutting table, which includes, for example, a table on which a plurality of sheet materials to be cut are stacked and a blower motor (not shown) at the bottom, and sucks air from the sheet material side. And fix. A cutting head 6 supports a cutting member such as a knife or a round blade so as to be movable up and down, and can change the direction of the cutting edge of the cutting member. The cutting head 6 can move in the Y direction along the arm 8, and both ends of the arm 8 are supported by the carriages 9 and 9 and move in the X direction. The cutting head 6 is further provided with a polishing device (not shown), and performs polishing of the cutting member and measurement of the blade width.

  The cutting controller 10 controls the movement of the cutting head 6 and the operation of the cutting member, and the cutting member controller 12 controls the raising and lowering of the cutting member such as a knife or a round blade, the cutting operation by the cutting member, and the direction of the cutting member. I do. The XY movement controller 14 controls the XY movement of the cutting head 6, and the cutting course creation unit 16 creates a cutting course including data on the locus of the cutting head 6, the lifting / lowering of the cutting member, the cutting operation, and the direction of the cutting member. .

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a cutting course in the embodiment. Parts 21 to 24 and the like are objects to be cut from the sheet material, and the parts 21 to 24 form one group. For each group, start points 25 to 42 in the group are provided, and the intersection of the crosses within the marks of the start points 25 to 42 is the position of the start point. The cutting head moves along the arrow in FIG. 2 so as to connect the start points 25 to 42 in the group. Then, within a group, start from the start point 25 in the group, move to cut the parts 21 to 24 in the group, and when all the parts in the group have been cut, the next start Move to point 26 etc. In the movement between the start points 25, 26, etc., the cutting member is moved up and moved, and in the movement between the parts in the group, the cutting member is moved down and moved while cutting a cutting object such as a sheet material. When cutting parts, the cutting line is cut without raising the cutting member except where the cutting member needs to be raised once because the direction of the cutting line changes to an acute angle.

  FIG. 3 shows a cutting course in one group. As shown in the lower part of FIG. 3, 25 is a start point in the group, and each part 21 to 24 has a start point 50 to 53 for each part. . In the cutting of one part, the part is cut so as to make one turn, for example. Therefore, the cutting is started from the start point 50 in the part and the process returns to the same start point 50, for example.

  For example, when cutting is started by lowering the cutting member at the start point 25 in the group, the cutting member is first moved to the start point 50 of the part 21 to cut the part 21. When the cutting of the part 21 is completed, the cutting member moves to, for example, the start point 51 of the part 24 and cuts the part 24. Next, the robot moves to the start point 52 of the part 23, cuts the part 23, moves to the start point 53 of the part 22, and cuts the part 22. When the cutting of one group is completed, the cutting member is at the start point 53 of the part 22, for example, and the cutting member starts to rise from here, and moves to the start point 26 in the next group, for example. Note that the start point 25 in the group may coincide with the start points 50 to 53 of any part. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutting course within the group is a course in which the cutting head 6 moves in a single stroke.

  The grouping of parts will be supplemented with reference to FIG. When viewed from the part 44, the parts 45 to 48 are adjacent parts. However, the part 48 is not close to the parts 45 and 46. In this case, the start point of the part 48 cannot be arranged in the vicinity of the start points of the parts 45 and 46 for any reason. In this case, no matter how the movement course within the group is determined, the movement distance between the start point of the part 48 and the start point of other parts exceeds a predetermined allowable value. In such a case, it is preferable to exclude the part 48 from the group of the parts 44 to 47. That is, it is preferable that the parts in one group are all close to each other. If this condition is satisfied, the start point 43 in the group can be taken at a point close to all the parts, and conversely, the start point for each part 44 to 47 can be taken near the start point 43 in the group. it can. In this way, the moving distance between the start points of the parts is shortened, and the moving distance other than cutting can be shortened.

  FIG. 5 shows an algorithm for determining a cutting course in the embodiment. In step 1, the parts that are close to each other are collected to form a group. Proximity to each other means that all the remaining parts are close to each part in the group. Further, the distance between the parts is determined by the minimum value of the distance between the cutting lines of the two parts, and a small distance means that the parts are close to each other. If a group is divided so that the distance between parts exceeds the allowable range, some parts are excluded from the group, and the distance between the parts is set within the allowable range. Incidentally, the cutting member needs to be polished every time it is cut by a predetermined length or more. Here, if the cutting member is polished when the cutting member is raised to move between the groups, it is not necessary to raise or lower the cutting member for polishing. Therefore, the total length to be cut with the cutting member in each group is grouped so that the cutting member needs to be polished or less, and if this condition is not satisfied, the parts are excluded from the group, To meet the conditions. When the cutting member may be raised in the part due to a sudden change in the direction of the cutting line, polishing may be performed at that time. However, if the length to be cut within the group is set to be equal to or shorter than the distance that requires polishing, polishing can be reliably performed while moving between the groups.

  In step 2, a start point in the group is determined at a position where the parts in the group face each other. The positions facing each other are positions on the gap between the parts or on the cutting line of the parts, and the distances to all the parts in the group are, for example, positions that are not more than a predetermined value. Among such positions, for example, a position having the smallest total distance to all parts in the group is set as a start point in the group. The distance from the start point to the part is, for example, the minimum value of the distance from the start point to the part cutting line.

  In step 3, a start point for each part is determined near the start point in the group. The start point of the part is on the cutting line of the part. For example, it is efficient to select a point where the distance from the start point in the group is a predetermined value or less and the direction of the cutting line changes. In this way, the cutting of the part can be started in the first direction and the cutting of the part can be ended in the second different direction, so that the cutting line is not disturbed by changing the direction of the cutting member. The processes in steps 2 and 3 are repeated until all groups are processed.

  In step 4, a cutting course in the group is determined. That is, start from the start point in the group, determine the course to the start point of the first part, then determine the course that goes around the cutting line of that part, and move to the start point of the next part decide. In this way, the cutting course is determined so as to process all the parts in the group. At this time, the last point is at the start point of the last part in the group, for example (step 4). Here, as described above, if the start point of the part is selected at a corner of the cutting line, that is, a point where the direction of the cutting line changes abruptly, it is easy to start cutting after the previous part in the group. It becomes easy to point the cutting member toward the parts. A course of movement from the last point in the group, for example, the start point of the last part to the start point in the next group is determined (step 5). In movement between groups, the cutting member is raised, moved to the start point in the next group, and the cutting member is lowered. Steps 4 and 5 are repeated until all groups are processed.

  For reference, FIG. 6 shows a cutting course of the cutting head in the comparative example. The arrangement of the parts 21 to 24 and the like is the same as in FIG. 2. For example, the start points 61 to 83 for each part are provided for the parts 21 to 24, and the parts are cut starting from the start points 61 to 83. . When one part is cut, the cutting member is raised and moved to the next start point.

  When the cutting course of FIG. 6 is compared with the cutting course of FIG. 2, in FIG. 6, it is necessary to raise the cutting member and move it by the number of parts minus one. When the cutting member is raised and moved, time is required for raising and lowering the cutting member and accelerating and decelerating the cutting head. It may also start decelerating before reaching a sufficient speed. In the cutting course of FIG. 6, it takes time to move the cutting head. Note that the time for cutting the part along the cutting line is the same as in FIG.

  On the other hand, in the cutting course of FIG. 2, for example, the cutting member is lifted and moved only when moving between groups, and the number of times is the number of groups minus one, which is smaller than that in FIG. In the cutting course of FIG. 6, the moving distance between the groups is longer than the moving distance between parts in the cutting course of FIG. 6, so that the cutting head can move at a high speed with sufficient acceleration / deceleration. Accordingly, the moving time per distance that the cutting head moves up is shorter in the cutting course of FIG. As described above, in the cutting course (example) shown in FIG. 2, the time for raising and moving the cutting head is short, and cutting can be performed efficiently.

  Further, in the embodiment, since the start point in the group is determined at a position close to each part in the group, the moving distance to the start point of the part is short. By shortening the cutting time, the operation time of the blower motor for fixing the sheet material is shortened, which contributes to energy saving.

2 Cutting device 4 Cutting table 6 Cutting head 8 Arm 9 Carriage 10 Controller 12 Cutting member controller 14 XY movement controller 16 Cutting course creation units 21 to 24 Parts 25 to 42 Start point in the group

Claims (5)

In a method of cutting a sheet material placed on a cutting table into a plurality of parts by a cutting head provided with a cutting member that can freely move up and down,
The plurality of parts are grouped into a plurality of groups so that the parts close to each other are made into one group.
Within each group, start from the starting point within the group, and cut the parts along the cutting line of each part within the group without raising the cutting member from the sheet material between the parts within the group Moving the head;
And a step of moving the cutting head to a start point in the group in the next group by raising the cutting member between the groups and separating it from the sheet material. Each part has a start point of the part within a predetermined distance from the start point in the group,
Starting from the start point of the part, moving the cutting head to go around the cutting line of the part and returning to the start point of the part, and cutting the part by the cutting member;
Moving the cutting head to the start point of the next part without raising the cutting member from the sheet material;
2. The cutting method according to claim 1, wherein all of the parts in the group are repeated until the cutting head is moved within the group in a single stroke.   The cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part whose moving distance between parts is larger than a predetermined allowable range is excluded from the group.   The cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cutting members are grouped so that the total length of the cutting members within each group is equal to or shorter than a length that requires polishing of the cutting members. Method. In a cutting device comprising a cutting table, a cutting head provided with a cutting member that can freely move up and down, and a controller that controls the cutting head,
The plurality of parts are grouped into a plurality of groups so that the parts close to each other are made into one group.
The controller starts from the starting point in each group and cuts each part along the cutting line of each part in the group without raising the cutting member from the sheet material between the parts in the group. A cutting device configured to move the head, move the cutting member between the groups and move it away from the sheet material, and move the cutting head to a start point in the group in the next group. .

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