JP2012134414A - Durability test apparatus of solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a durability test apparatus of a solar cell module which automatically tests the mechanical strength and the durability of the solar cell module and the durability in an environment that is similar to the actual use conditions created when the solar cell module is attached to a roof using a frame body and support metal fittings.SOLUTION: A durability test apparatus of a solar cell module includes: a table 3 having an upper surface serving as an installation surface; support means 4 attaching the solar cell module 1 to the installation surface 10; a holding frame body 5 disposed around the module and hermetically attached to the installation surface; sealing means 6 hermetically sealing a space between a surrounding area of the module and the holding frame body without restricting the displacement of the module; a pressure chamber 7 formed by the installation surface of the table, the holding frame body, the sealing means, and the module; and air supply and exhaust means 8 which pressurizes or decompresses the pressure chamber or repeatedly pressurizes or decompresses the pressure chamber. The durability test apparatus generates pressure differences on both front and rear surfaces of the module and provides wind pressure fluctuations that acts on the module in the actual use environment.

Description

  The present invention relates to a durability test device for a solar cell module, and more particularly, a device for testing the durability of a solar panel mounted with a roof-standing installation method against wind, snow, static load or ice load. It is about.

  Usually, when installing a solar cell module in a roof, in order to suppress the temperature rise of a solar cell module and to improve workability, it installs with a space | interval of about 5-10 cm between a roof and a solar cell. A recent roof generally has a structure in which a waterproof rubber sheet is provided on the upper surface of a base plate, and a roof material such as a color vest is laid thereon. In the past, Japanese tile roofing was only a method of earthing, in which underlaying material was drawn on the top surface of the base plate, and soil and tiles were fixed in close contact with it. For the purpose of reducing the weight, a so-called “hanging-barrel roofing method” is often employed in which the soil is not used, but instead the tile pier is struck on the base plate and the hook claws provided on the back of the tile are hooked on the tile pier.

  In order to install a solar cell module on such a roof, a long vertical beam or a fixing bracket is passed through the roof material at a predetermined interval with the roof material remaining, and is screwed to the base plate, and the vertical beam member Alternatively, a structure in which a horizontal beam member is installed on the fixing bracket at regular intervals and a frame provided around the solar cell module is attached to the horizontal beam member is generally used.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a solar cell module mounting structure including a solar cell module main body and a first frame body and a second frame body provided on two opposing sides of the solar cell module main body. The solar cell modules are arranged on the roof so that the first frame and the second frame are adjacent to each other, and the solar cell module is fixed on the roof in an upper portion of the first frame. And a locking portion for locking the solar cell module on the roof is provided at a lower portion of the second frame body, and the first frame of the solar cell modules adjacent to each other is provided. A convex member fixed on the roof is disposed between the body and the second frame, the first frame is disposed on one side of the convex member, and the second frame is disposed on the convex Arranged on the upper surface of the member, between the first frame and the second frame. A solar cell module mounting structure is disclosed in which a difference is formed, and the fixing portion of the first frame body and the locking portion of the second frame body are fixed or locked to the convex member by a common pressing member. . Here, a third frame and a fourth frame are provided on the left and right sides of the solar cell module main body, and the plurality of solar cell modules are arranged on the roof so that the third frame and the fourth frame are adjacent to each other. Are formed in respective portions of the third frame body and the fourth frame body facing each other, and a seal member is inserted into the groove of the third frame body and the groove of the fourth frame body. ing.

  Incidentally, there is an international standard IEC 61646 mechanical load test as a durability test of a solar cell module. This IEC standard test method is defined as follows. When mounting the module with a structure that can be mounted face up and face down, use the worst case that maximizes the distance between the fixed points. As the load, a load corresponding to 2400 Pa is gradually and gradually applied to the front, and this load is maintained for 1 hour. The same load is applied to the back of the module without removing the module from the rigid structure. The pressurizing step repeats the 1 hour load for 3 cycles. When checking the durability of the module against heavy accumulation of snow and ice, the load applied to the front of the module during this test is increased from 2400 Pa to 5400 Pa. That's it.

  That is, the test method of the IEC standard is performed by attaching a solar cell module vertically to a rigid structure and applying a mechanical load from the front and back of the solar cell module. The usage pattern is different and it is difficult to say that the usage environment has been reproduced. In addition, it is impossible to test the durability of the frame body and the support fitting for attaching the solar cell module to the roof.

  However, although various test methods and test apparatuses for testing the electrical characteristics of the solar cell module are provided, the mechanical strength and durability of the solar cell module, and the solar cell module using a frame or a support metal A test method and a test apparatus for testing the durability in an environment close to the actual use state attached to the PC are not yet provided. Previously, there was no common durability test method or equipment, and solar cell module manufacturers and home construction companies conducted their own tests, so there was a problem that there was no objectivity and that other companies' products could not be compared. It was.

  Note that, as described in Patent Document 2, a dynamic wind pressure generator for pressurizing and depressurizing a pressure chamber by opening and closing a plurality of on-off valves using a single blower is known.

JP 2007-231514 A No. 07-027439

  Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned situation, the present invention intends to solve the mechanical strength and durability of the solar cell module, and the actual use state in which the solar cell module is attached to the roof using a frame body and a support metal fitting. The object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module durability test apparatus capable of automatically testing durability in a near environment.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a table whose upper surface is an installation surface, a support means for attaching the solar cell module to the installation surface, and is arranged around the solar cell module, with respect to the installation surface. A holding frame attached in an airtight state, sealing means for sealing the space between the periphery of the solar cell module and the holding frame in an airtight state without restricting the displacement of the solar cell module, and installation of the table A pressure chamber formed by the surface, the holding frame, the sealing means, and the solar cell module, and an air supply / exhaust means for pressurizing or depressurizing the pressure chamber, or repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing, The durability test of the solar cell module capable of adjusting the pressure in the pressure chamber to generate a pressure difference between the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module and imparting wind pressure fluctuation acting on the solar cell module in an actual environment. Apparatus. (Claim 1).

  Here, it is preferable to use a frame body or a support fitting that actually attaches the solar cell module to an attachment portion such as a roof as the support means.

  The table is provided so that the inclination angle can be adjusted with respect to the gantry, and an imitation roof made of at least a field plate and a roof material is constructed on the upper surface of the installation surface on the inner side of the holding frame, It is more preferable that a single or a plurality of the solar cell modules be implemented on the support means.

  And it is preferable to provide the contact-type or non-contact-type displacement meter which measures the deformation | transformation of the said solar cell module in the air | atmosphere open | release side (Claim 4).

  Specifically, the air supply / exhaust means includes a blower having an air discharge port and an intake port, an air supply pipe connected to the discharge port to forcibly supply and pressurize the pressure chamber, A discharge pipe connected to a suction port for forcibly exhausting air from the pressure chamber and depressurizing, and a discharge pipe having a branch connection midway between the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, each open to the atmosphere, and a suction pipe An opening / closing valve provided on the pressure chamber side from the branch portion of the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and an opening / closing valve provided on each of the discharge pipe and the suction pipe, and provided on at least the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe. Is a structure capable of adjusting the air volume, and pressurizes and depressurizes the pressure chamber by adjusting the opening and closing of each on-off valve (Claim 5).

  Then, the opening / closing valve of the supply pipe and the opening / closing valve of the suction pipe are opened, the opening / closing valve of the discharge pipe is closed, and the opening / closing valve of the exhaust pipe is adjusted to set the pressure chamber to a predetermined positive pressure. (Claim 6).

  Further, the on-off valve of the exhaust pipe and the on-off valve of the discharge pipe are opened, the on-off valve of the suction pipe is closed, and the on-off valve of the air supply pipe is adjusted to set the pressure chamber to a predetermined negative pressure. (Claim 7).

  Further, a pressure control pipe opened to the atmosphere is connected to the pressure chamber or a piping system continuous to the pressure chamber, an open / close valve is provided in the pressure control pipe, and the open / close valve of the pressure control pipe is repeatedly opened and closed to perform pressure. More preferably, the fine movement is superimposed (claim 8).

  Further, it is also preferable that the pressure chamber side is joined from the open / close valve of the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and is connected to the pressure chamber as a single air supply / exhaust pipe.

  It is also preferable that the air supply / exhaust pipe is formed of a flexible pressure pipe.

  Furthermore, the inside of the accumulator comprising the buffer tank is set to a predetermined pressure by the air supply / exhaust means, and one or a plurality of the pressure chambers are connected to the accumulator via a pressure pipe, and the durability of the solar cell module is established in each pressure chamber. It is also preferable to perform a sex test (claim 11).

  More preferably, the supply / exhaust pipe or the pressure pipe is made of a heat insulating material partly or entirely in the longitudinal direction, and the pressure chamber is cut off from heat generated in the supply / exhaust means and the piping system. (Claim 12).

  According to the durability test apparatus for a solar cell module of the present invention configured as described above, a table whose upper surface is an installation surface, support means for attaching the solar cell module to the installation surface, and arranged around the solar cell module And a seal that seals the holding frame attached to the installation surface in an airtight state between the periphery of the solar cell module and the holding frame without restricting the displacement of the solar cell module. Means, a pressure chamber formed by the installation surface of the table, the holding frame, the sealing means, and the solar cell module, and air supply / exhaust for pressurizing or depressurizing the pressure chamber, or repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing Means for adjusting the pressure in the pressure chamber to generate a pressure difference between the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module, so that wind pressure fluctuations acting on the solar cell module in an actual environment are reproduced and attached. To be able to test the durability, by increasing the pressure difference between the pressure chamber and the atmospheric pressure, while attaching the solar cell module can be tested to failure. Here, the pressure in the direction of pushing the module generated in the real environment to the roof side is reproduced by lowering the pressure in the pressure chamber below atmospheric pressure, that is, by reducing the pressure chamber interior, and pulling the module away from the roof. This pressure can be reproduced by making the pressure in the pressure chamber higher than atmospheric pressure, that is, by pressurizing the inside of the pressure chamber. In the present invention, the open air space can be regarded as a pressure chamber having a constant pressure. The dynamic pressure and pulsation that change from moment to moment can be reproduced by abruptly changing the pressure in the pressure chamber, and the durability can be tested by applying wind pressure acting in a real environment to the solar cell module. . Since the present invention does not use an airtight chamber that surrounds the solar cell module, the structure of the device is simplified and the solar cell module can be easily attached and detached.

  In addition to the durability test of the solar cell module itself, the solar cell module is mounted on the roof by using a frame or a support metal fitting that actually attaches the solar cell module to a mounted portion such as a roof as the support means. It is possible to perform a durability test on the connecting portion between the supporting means and the module that are supported by the module.

  And since the table is provided so that the inclination angle can be adjusted with respect to the gantry, the solar cell module can be set to an appropriate angle, and the state of being attached to the actually inclined roof can be reproduced, and also the durability It becomes easy to observe the upper surface of the solar cell module during the test. Further, an imitation roof composed of at least a base plate and a roof material is constructed on the upper surface of the installation surface inside the holding frame, and the single or plural solar cell modules are formed on the imitation roof by the support means. By carrying out the construction, the real environment can be completely reproduced.

  By providing a contact-type or non-contact-type displacement meter for measuring the deformation of the solar cell module on the atmosphere opening side, the deformation of the solar cell module can be measured without being affected by the pressure change in the pressure chamber.

  The air supply / exhaust means includes a blower having an air discharge port and an intake port, an air supply pipe connected to the discharge port for forcibly supplying and pressurizing air to the pressure chamber, and an intake port. An exhaust pipe for connecting and forcibly exhausting air from the pressure chamber to reduce the pressure, and a discharge pipe and an intake pipe that are branched and connected in the middle of the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, each of which is open to the atmosphere. An open / close valve is provided on the pressure chamber side from the branch portion of the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and an open / close valve is provided on each of the discharge pipe and the suction pipe. Therefore, the pressure in the pressure chamber is adjusted to a positive pressure (pressurization higher than atmospheric pressure) by opening and closing each on-off valve using air supply and exhaust air from a single blower. State) and negative pressure (reduced pressure) lower than atmospheric pressure It can be set to). Here, since the blower has a larger air volume than the pump, the pressure in the pressure chamber can be quickly set to a predetermined pressure.

  Here, the on-off valve of the supply pipe and the on-off valve of the suction pipe are opened, the on-off valve of the discharge pipe is closed, and the on-off valve of the exhaust pipe is adjusted to set the pressure chamber to a predetermined positive pressure. In addition, the on-off valve of the exhaust pipe and the on-off valve of the discharge pipe are opened, the on-off valve of the suction pipe is closed, and the on-off valve of the air supply pipe is adjusted to set the pressure chamber to a predetermined negative pressure. be able to. In this case, for example, a butterfly valve or a ball valve can be used as each on-off valve.

  Further, a pressure control pipe opened to the atmosphere is connected to the pressure chamber or a piping system continuous to the pressure chamber, and an open / close valve is provided in the pressure control pipe, and the open / close valve of the pressure control pipe is repeatedly opened and closed to perform pressure. If fine movement is superimposed, a state closer to the natural environment can be reproduced, and for example, an environment equivalent to a state in which dynamic wind pressure is applied to the solar cell module in an environment with a strong wind such as a typhoon can be reproduced.

  Further, if the pressure chamber side is joined from the open / close valve of the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe and connected to the pressure chamber as a single air supply / exhaust pipe, the piping is simplified, and the supply / exhaust pipe is further flexible. If the pressure chamber is formed, it can be handled even when the pressure chamber is movable.

  Furthermore, the inside of the accumulator comprising the buffer tank is set to a predetermined pressure by the air supply / exhaust means, and one or a plurality of the pressure chambers are connected to the accumulator via a pressure pipe, and the durability of the solar cell module is established in each pressure chamber. By performing the durability test, it is possible to perform the durability test of different types of solar cell modules at the same time, and to install other solar cell modules on the test equipment in parallel during the durability test of the solar cell modules. Can be done.

  Furthermore, if the supply / exhaust pipe or pressure pipe is made of a heat insulating material partly or entirely in the longitudinal direction and the pressure chamber is shielded from heat generated in the supply / exhaust means and the piping system, a long-term test can be performed. Even if it goes, the temperature rise of the pressure chamber, that is, the solar cell module is suppressed, and the durability test can be performed in a state close to nature.

It is the front view shown in the partial cross section of the durability test apparatus of the solar cell module of this invention. It is the side view shown with the partial cross section of the durability test apparatus similarly. It is a side view of the durability test apparatus of the state which inclined the table with respect to the mount frame. It is the side view which showed the state which open | released the cover provided in the table part of the durability test apparatus, was moved back, and opened the installation surface in the partial cross section. It is an abbreviated top view of the state which attached the solar cell module to the installation surface of the table by the support means. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the state where the periphery of the solar cell module is held in an airtight state by a packing-like seal portion with the holding frame. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the state where the periphery of the solar cell module is held in an airtight state by a sheet-like seal portion with the holding frame. It is a simplified explanatory view in the case of operating each on-off valve to pressurize the pressure chamber to a positive pressure. It is a simplified explanatory diagram in the case of operating each on-off valve to reduce the pressure chamber to a negative pressure. It is a simplified explanatory view of a use state in which a plurality of pressure chambers are connected to an accumulator that adjusts the pressure by the air supply / exhaust means. It is a simplified explanatory view showing a specific structure of the accumulator.

  Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of a durability test apparatus for a solar cell module of the present invention, in which 1 is a solar cell module, 2 is a stand, 3 is a table, 4 is support means, and 5 is a holding frame. , 6 are sealing means, 7 is a pressure chamber, 8 is an air supply / exhaust means, and 9 is a cover.

  The solar cell module durability test apparatus according to this embodiment includes a support unit 4, a holding frame body 5, and a solar cell module 1 on an installation surface 10 of a table 3 in which the inclination angle of the solar cell module 1 is adjustable with respect to the gantry 2. It is mounted in a hermetically sealed manner with the sealing means 6, and the interior of the pressure chamber 7 formed by the installation surface 10 of the table 3, the holding frame body 5, the sealing means 6 and the solar cell module 1 is built in the gantry 2. By pressurizing or depressurizing by the exhaust means 8, or repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing, the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is adjusted to generate a pressure difference between the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module 1, and the solar Wind pressure fluctuations acting on the battery module 1 are reproduced and applied. A transparent cover 9 is provided on the upper surface of the table 3 so as to be openable and closable and slidable in the front-rear direction so as to cover the solar cell module 1 installed on the upper surface of the table 3. In the present invention, the open air space can be regarded as a pressure chamber with a constant pressure, and by adjusting the pressure inside the pressure chamber 7, a differential pressure from the atmospheric pressure is generated on the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module 1. The solar cell module 1 is bent and deformed.

  In more detail, the durability test apparatus connects the front edge of the table 3 having a square shape in plan view to the front edge of the upper end of the gantry 2 with a plurality of hinges 11,. The fixed portion inside the gantry 2 and the rear lower surface of the table 3 are connected by an elevator 12 so that the inclination angle of the table 3 can be adjusted. The table 3 is formed by laminating a rubber sheet 14 on the upper surface of a steel body plate 13 so as to withstand a large pressure and to attach the support means 4 and the holding frame 5 in an airtight state. 10 is set. The main body plate 13 is formed with screw holes at appropriate positions, and the rubber sheet 14 corresponding to the screw holes is formed with a circular hole. Although it is desirable that the screw holes formed in the main body plate 13 do not penetrate vertically, the airtightness can be maintained by screwing bolts into the screw holes even if they penetrate.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6, the pressure chamber 7 is provided on the installation surface 10 of the table 3 with support means 4 around the solar cell module 1 at a distance from the installation surface 10. Attach, and then arrange the holding frame 5 around the solar cell module 1 and attach it to the installation surface 10 in an airtight state. Further, between the periphery of the solar cell module 1 and the holding frame 5 The solar cell module 1 is configured to be sealed in an airtight state by the sealing means 6 without restricting the displacement of the solar cell module 1. That is, the pressure chamber 7 is formed by the installation surface 10 of the table 3, the holding frame 5, the sealing means 6, and the solar cell module 1.

  Here, a durability test of the support means 4 is also performed by using a frame body or a support fitting for actually attaching the solar cell module 1 to an attached part such as a roof as the support means 4. Here, although not shown, an imitation roof composed of at least a field plate and a roof material is constructed on the upper surface of the installation surface 10 inside the holding frame body 5, and the support means 4 is provided on the imitation roof. It is preferable to implement one or a plurality of the solar cell modules 1.

  Further, the sealing means 6 is provided with flexibility that does not restrain deformation of the solar cell module 1. The sealing means 6 shown in FIG. 6 is a belt-shaped member made of a soft elastic material 6A such as silicon rubber, and the outer surface of the surrounding bracket 15 constituting the solar cell module 1 and the inner surface of the holding frame 5 In between, it is interposed in a compressed state to the extent that airtightness can be maintained. Usually, a soft elastic material 6 </ b> A serving as the sealing means 6 is bonded to the inner surface of the holding frame 5. If there is a leak portion in the portion constituting the pressure chamber 7, the silicon sealer is filled.

  In order to measure the deformation of the solar cell module 1 during the durability test, an arched traverse 16 is provided on the open side of the atmosphere, that is, on the upper surface side of the solar cell module 1, and the traverse 16 is contacted or non-contacted. Displacement meter 16A is provided. In addition to displacement gauges, pressure gauges, thermometers, etc. are placed in place.

  More specifically, the structure for attaching the solar cell module 1 to the installation surface 10 will be described based on FIGS. 1, 2 and 5. The structure of the solar cell module 1 and the support means 4 for attaching it to a roof or the like is as follows. The mounting structure shown is merely an example because it differs depending on the manufacturer. The common point is that the holding frame body 5 is attached to the installation surface 10 in an airtight state around the solar cell module 1 on the upper surface of the installation surface 10 to form a side wall of the pressure chamber 7. The body 5 and the periphery of the solar cell module 1 are sealed in an airtight state by the sealing means 6. Other configurations are free including the supporting means 4.

  First, the two vertical beams 17 and 17 attached along the inclination of the roof are arranged at right and left sides of the installation surface 10 so as to be accommodated in the holding frame body 5, and the vertical beam 17. , 17, two transverse beams 18, 18 are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction and fixed to the installation surface 10 with bolts penetrating through the intersecting portions. The left and right ends of the horizontal beams 18 and 18 pass through the holding frame 5 and appear to the outside, and support members made of a rectangular frame in plan view so as to surround the holding frame 5 using the ends. 19 is attached, and the tips of the plurality of support bolts 20,... Projecting inward from the support member 19 are brought into contact with the outer surface of the holding frame 5, so that the pressure inside the pressure chamber 7 is higher than atmospheric pressure. When this happens, the holding frame 5 is prevented from being deformed outwardly and breaking its airtightness. If the pressure inside the pressure chamber 7 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, even if the holding frame 5 is deformed inward, it only presses the sealing means 6 and the airtightness becomes higher. In addition, deformation inside the holding frame 5 is allowed.

  FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the sealing means 6. The sealing means 6 of this embodiment is composed of an airtight flexible sheet 6B such as a campus site, and one side edge of the belt-like flexible sheet 6B is bonded to the outer surface of the bracket 15 of the solar cell module 1. In addition, the other side edge is screwed to an appropriate fixing part such as the support means 4 so that the intermediate part of the flexible sheet 6B is in contact with the inner surface of the holding frame body 5. When the pressure inside the pressure chamber 7 is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the intermediate portion of the flexible sheet 6B is pressed against the inner surface of the holding frame 5 to maintain airtightness. When the internal pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the intermediate portion of the flexible sheet 6B is drawn inward, so that the support means 4 and the edge of the flexible sheet 6B and the support means 4 and the installation surface 10 are provided. It is necessary to provide airtightness.

Next, the air supply / exhaust means 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 8 and 9. The air supply / exhaust means 8 of the present invention can set the static pressure of the pressure chamber 7 in the range of −10,000 Pa to +10,000 Pa, thereby allowing the solar cell module 1 to have a maximum static pressure of 1 t / m ² . Has the ability to generate First, the air supply / exhaust means 8 has an air blower 22 with a large air volume driven by an electric motor, and the air blower 22 is provided with an air outlet 23 and an inlet 24. An air supply pipe 25 is connected to the discharge port 23 of the blower 22 to forcibly supply and pressurize the air to the pressure chamber 7, and is connected to the suction port 24 to forcibly exhaust air from the pressure chamber 7. And a discharge pipe 27 and a suction pipe 28 which are branched and connected in the middle of the air supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 and one end of which is opened to the atmosphere. Further, on-off valves A and B are provided on the pressure chamber 7 side from the branch portions of the supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26, respectively, and on-off valves C and D are provided on the discharge pipe 27 and the suction pipe 28, respectively. Here, at least the on-off valves A and B provided in the air supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 have a structure in which the air volume can be adjusted.

  Further, a pressure adjusting pipe 29 opened to the atmosphere is connected to the pressure chamber 7, and an opening / closing valve E is provided in the pressure adjusting pipe 29. In this embodiment, the pressure chamber 7 side is merged from the on-off valves A and B of the air supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 and connected to the pressure chamber 7 as a single air supply / exhaust pipe 30. In the present embodiment, since the table 3 provided with the pressure chamber 7 is movable with respect to the gantry 2 having the air supply / exhaust means 8 built therein, a part of the air supply / exhaust pipe 30 is formed by a flexible pressure pipe. ing. Note that the pressure chamber 7 side of the air supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 from the on-off valves A and B is always in communication with the pressure chamber 7, so that this portion is substantially the same as the pressure chamber 7. Whether to use a single pressure pipe or a single pressure pipe is a matter of design. In the present embodiment, the pressure adjusting pipe 29 is connected to the supply / exhaust pipe 30 in a branched manner.

  In the present embodiment, the on-off valves A to D and the on-off valve E are of a type in which the flow rate can be adjusted and “open” and “closed” are repeated each time the valve body rotates 90 degrees. Use a ball valve. In the present embodiment, the on-off valves A to D connect the other end of the rotation transmission flexible cable having one end connected to the rotation shaft of each valve body to the rotation handles 31A to 31D provided on the side surface of the gantry 2, By rotating the rotary handles 31A to 31D, the corresponding on-off valves A to D are opened and closed. Since the on-off valve E superimposes fine pressure movement (pulsation), it is desirable to repeat opening and closing at a constant cycle, and therefore the rotating shaft of the valve body is rotated by a motor.

  First, an operation of setting the pressure inside the pressure chamber 7 to a positive pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8 (a), the on-off valve A of the air supply pipe 25 and the on-off valve D of the suction pipe 28 are opened, the on-off valve C of the discharge pipe 27 is closed, and the on-off valve of the exhaust pipe 26 is opened. By adjusting B, the pressure chamber 7 can be set to a predetermined positive pressure. Actually, the opening / closing valve D is not kept open, but the opening degree is controlled in conjunction with the opening / closing valve B. Then, if the on-off valve E of the pressure adjusting pipe 29 is repeatedly opened and closed, the fine pressure can be superimposed as shown in FIG.

  Next, an operation for setting the pressure inside the pressure chamber 7 to a negative pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure will be described with reference to FIG. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 9A, the on-off valve B of the exhaust pipe 26 and the on-off valve C of the discharge pipe 27 are opened, the on-off valve D of the suction pipe 28 is closed, and the on-off valve of the air supply pipe 25 is opened. By adjusting A, the pressure chamber 7 can be set to a predetermined negative pressure. Actually, the opening / closing valve C is not kept open, but the opening degree is controlled in conjunction with the opening / closing valve A. Then, if the on-off valve E of the pressure adjusting pipe 29 is repeatedly opened and closed, the fine pressure can be superimposed as shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the present invention, the internal pressure of the pressure chamber 7 can be changed to apply the same external force as when a load is applied from the front and back of the solar cell module 1, and the natural wind pressure can be applied. Since pulsation can also be added to the surface, a durability test can be performed in a more natural state.

  Moreover, the case where the table 3 is inclined and mounted on an actual roof can be reproduced. In the present embodiment, the elevator 12 that adjusts the tilt angle of the table 3 is manually lifted and lowered. The elevator 12 is connected to an operating handle 32 provided near the rotary handle 31 via a universal joint 33 and is connected to a drive unit 34, and adjusts the tilt angle of the table 3 by rotating the operating handle.

  The air supply / exhaust means 8 is driven by a servo motor to drive the on-off valves A to D, and if the signals of various sensors provided in the pressure chamber 7 are fed back and controlled by a computer, it is durable with a desired wind pressure pattern. It is also possible to automatically perform sex testing.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the solar cell module durability test apparatus of the present invention has an accumulator 35 formed of a buffer tank between the air supply / exhaust means 8 and the pressure chamber 7, thereby preventing unexpected chattering of pressure. The supply / exhaust pipe 30 or the pressure pipe 36 is made of a heat insulating material partly or entirely in the longitudinal direction to prevent the pressure chamber 7 from heat generated in the supply / exhaust means 8 and the piping system. It is preferable that Here, as the heat generated in the air supply / exhaust means 8 and the piping system, there are a temperature rise due to adiabatic compression in each on-off valve and heat generation of the electric motor of the blower 22, and these are accumulated in a long-time operation. It is.

  In the durability test system shown in FIG. 10, the inside of the accumulator 35 consisting of a buffer tank is set to a predetermined pressure by the air supply / exhaust means 8, and then a plurality of the pressures are connected to the accumulator 35 via a pressure pipe 36. The chambers 7 and 7 are connected. The accumulator 35 is connected to the pressure adjusting pipe 29, and an on-off valve E provided for the accumulator 35 is operated so as to apply a fine pressure. And if each pressure chamber 7 connected to the said accumulator 35 is comprised by the different solar cell module 1, the durability test of several solar cell module 1, ... can be performed simultaneously. Here, if the volume of the accumulator 35 is sufficiently larger than the volume of the pressure chamber 7, the pressure fluctuation of one pressure chamber 7 does not significantly affect the other pressure chambers 7. It can be carried out. In this case, the pressure adjusting pipe 29 can be directly connected to each pressure chamber 7, and in this case, a plurality of durability tests can be performed simultaneously under different pressure fine movement conditions.

  FIG. 11 shows a specific structure of the accumulator 35. The accumulator 35 is connected to the lower part of the cylindrical tank 37 with the air supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26 of the air supply / exhaust means 8 being shifted from each other in the center, and the upper and lower sides are divided above the half inside the tank 37. A partition plate 38 is fixed, an opening 39 is formed at the center of the partition plate 38, and a rectifying member made of a wire mesh is provided in a space below the partition plate 38 so as to block the air flow from the air supply pipe 25 and the exhaust pipe 26. 40 and the pressure pipe 36 is connected to the center of the upper surface of the tank 37. Further, the pressure adjusting pipe 29 provided with the on-off valve E is connected to the upper side of the partition plate 38 of the tank 37. In addition, a heat insulating pipe 41 made of a heat insulating material is connected to a part of the pressure pipe 36. In the blower 22, the electric motor, the piping system, and the accumulator 35 of the air supply / exhaust means 8, heat is generated by the friction between the flowing air and the pipe wall surface, and the frictional heat is accumulated by a long-term durability test operation. The temperature rises. Since the temperature rise of the pressure chamber 7, that is, the temperature rise of the solar cell module 1 adversely affects the durability test, the heat conduction to the pressure chamber 7 is blocked by the heat insulating pipe 41.

  Furthermore, the solar cell module durability test apparatus of the present invention can be combined with a wind / rain / sunlight / vibration test apparatus known as an environmental test apparatus for curtain walls and windows. It is also preferable to control the temperature of the pressure chamber 7.

1 solar cell module, 2 frame,
3 tables, 4 support means,
5 holding frame, 6 sealing means,
6A soft elastic material, 6B flexible sheet,
7 Pressure chamber, 8 Air supply / exhaust means,
9 Cover, 10 Installation surface,
11 hinges, 12 elevators,
13 body plate, 14 rubber sheet,
15 brackets, 16 traverses,
16A Displacement meter, 17 Longitudinal beam,
18 transverse beam, 19 support member,
20 support bolts, 22 blowers,
23 outlet, 24 inlet,
25 air supply pipe, 26 exhaust pipe,
27 discharge pipe, 28 suction pipe,
29 Pressure control pipe, 30 Supply / exhaust pipe,
31A to 31D Rotation handle, 32 Operation handle,
33 Universal joint, 34 Drive unit,
35 accumulator, 36 pressure tube,
37 tanks, 38 dividers,
39 opening, 40 rectifying member,
41 heat insulation pipe,
A to E Open / close valve.

Claims (12)

A table whose upper surface is the installation surface;
Support means for attaching the solar cell module to the installation surface;
A holding frame disposed around the solar cell module and attached in an airtight manner to the installation surface;
Sealing means for sealing between the periphery of the solar cell module and the holding frame in an airtight state without restraining the displacement of the solar cell module;
A pressure chamber formed by an installation surface of the table, a holding frame, a sealing means, and a solar cell module;
Supply and exhaust means for pressurizing or depressurizing the pressure chamber, or repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing;
Durability of the solar cell module capable of adjusting the pressure of the pressure chamber to generate a pressure difference between the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module and imparting wind pressure fluctuation acting on the solar cell module in an actual environment Test equipment.   The durability test apparatus for a solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the support means is a frame body or a support fitting that actually attaches the solar cell module to an attachment portion such as a roof.   The table is provided so that the inclination angle can be adjusted with respect to the gantry, and an imitation roof made of at least a field plate and a roof material is constructed on the upper surface of the installation surface on the inner side of the holding frame, The durability test apparatus of the solar cell module of Claim 1 or 2 formed by implementing one or several said solar cell modules on the said support means on the top.   The durability test apparatus for a solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a contact-type or non-contact-type displacement meter for measuring deformation of the solar cell module is provided on the atmosphere opening side.   The air supply / exhaust means is connected to a blower having an air discharge port and an intake port, an air supply pipe connected to the discharge port to forcibly supply and pressurize air to the pressure chamber, and connected to the intake port. An exhaust pipe for forcibly exhausting the air from the pressure chamber and reducing the pressure, and a discharge pipe and a suction pipe that are branched and connected to the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe and one end is opened to the atmosphere. In addition, an opening / closing valve is provided on the pressure chamber side from the branch portion of the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and an opening / closing valve is provided on each of the discharge pipe and the suction pipe. The durability test apparatus for a solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the solar cell module has a possible structure and pressurizes and depressurizes the pressure chamber by adjusting opening and closing of each on-off valve.   The open / close valve of the supply pipe and the open / close valve of the suction pipe are opened, the open / close valve of the discharge pipe is closed, and the open / close valve of the exhaust pipe is adjusted to set the pressure chamber to a predetermined positive pressure. 5. A durability test apparatus for a solar cell module according to 5.   The open / close valve of the exhaust pipe and the open / close valve of the discharge pipe are opened, the open / close valve of the suction pipe is closed, and the open / close valve of the air supply pipe is adjusted to set the pressure chamber to a predetermined negative pressure. 5. A durability test apparatus for a solar cell module according to 5.   A pressure control pipe opened to the atmosphere is connected to the pressure chamber or a piping system continuous to the pressure chamber, and an open / close valve is provided in the pressure control pipe, and the open / close valve of the pressure control pipe is repeatedly opened and closed to finely adjust the pressure. The durability test device for a solar cell module according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the device is superposed.   The durability of the solar cell module according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the pressure chamber side is merged from the open / close valve of the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and is connected to the pressure chamber as a single air supply / exhaust pipe. Test equipment.   The durability test apparatus for a solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the air supply / exhaust pipe is formed of a flexible pressure pipe.   The inside of the accumulator comprising a buffer tank is set to a predetermined pressure by the air supply / exhaust means, and one or a plurality of the pressure chambers are connected to the accumulator via a pressure pipe, and a durability test of the solar cell module is performed in each pressure chamber The durability test apparatus of the solar cell module of any one of Claims 1-10 which performs.   12. The air supply / exhaust pipe or the pressure pipe is made of a heat insulating material partly or entirely in the longitudinal direction, and the pressure chamber is cut off from heat generated in the air supply / exhaust means and a piping system. The durability test apparatus for solar cell modules according to claim 1.

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