JP2012128112A - Electrically-driven revolver device for microscope, and microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrically-driven revolver device for a microscope, which is capable of suppressing vibration in positioning an objective lens, and a microscope including the electrically-driven revolver device.SOLUTION: An electrically-driven revolver device for a microscope includes: a rotating portion which faces a stationary portion on a microscope body side and is arranged rotatably relative to the stationary portion and to which a plurality of optical elements can be installed; driving means for rotationally driving the rotating portion; a plurality of groove portions provided for any one of the stationary portion and the rotating portion; energizing means provided for the other one of the stationary portion and the rotating portion; an engagement member which is provided for the energizing means and positions the optical element to an observation position of a microscope by being energized to the groove portions by the energizing means and engaged with any one of the groove portions; acceleration detecting means provided for the energizing means; and a control section that controls the driving means based on a detection value detected by the acceleration detecting means.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric revolver device for a microscope including an optical member positioning device that positions an optical element selected from a plurality of optical elements in an optical path, and a microscope including the electric revolver device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is an electric revolver device for a microscope that uses a click stop mechanism as a positioning device for positioning an objective lens (see, for example, Patent Document 1). For example, as shown in FIG. 11, such a positioning device is attached to a V groove 443 provided on the rotating portion 431 side of the revolver, a leaf spring 446 provided on the fixed portion side of the revolver, and a leaf spring 446. And steel balls 449. The positioning device positions the objective lens by the steel ball 449 falling into the V groove 443. Whether or not the steel ball 449 has fallen into the V groove 443 is detected by a position sensor 473 including a light shielding plate (not shown) and a photo interrupter 470. The mounting hole 437 for mounting the objective lens has an address for each mounting hole 437. The address is represented by the arrangement of magnets 461 provided for each mounting hole 437. By detecting the arrangement of the magnet 461 by an address sensor 467 using a Hall element 464, it is detected which objective lens is arranged on the optical axis.

JP 2000-98248 A

  In the above configuration, since the steel ball is pressed against the track by the leaf spring, when the steel ball falls into the V groove, vibration occurs due to the collision between the V groove and the steel ball. This vibration is confirmed as an observation image in the binocular portion or a shake of an image of a camera attached to each port. In addition, when a needle, which is a glass tube with a thin tip processed for IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) or electrophysiology experiments, is placed on the stage, the tip is moved by the vibration of the revolver. It may be damaged.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric revolver device for a microscope that can suppress vibrations when positioning an objective lens, and a microscope including the electric revolver device. And

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an electric revolver device for a microscope according to the present invention is opposed to a fixed part on the microscope body side, is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the fixed part, and can be mounted with a plurality of optical elements. Driving means for rotationally driving the rotating portion, a plurality of grooves provided in either the fixed portion or the rotating portion, and an urging force provided in the other of the fixed portion or the rotating portion And an engaging member that is provided in the biasing means and is biased to the groove by the biasing means and engages with any one of the grooves, thereby positioning the optical element at the observation position of the microscope. And an acceleration detection means provided in the urging means, and a control unit for controlling the drive means based on a detection value detected by the acceleration detection means.

  A microscope according to the present invention includes the above-described electric revolver device for a microscope.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the microscope provided with the electric revolver apparatus for microscopes which can suppress the vibration at the time of positioning an objective lens, and the said electric revolver apparatus can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the microscope provided with the electric revolver apparatus for microscopes which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the revolver concerning a 1st embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the opposing part of the fixing | fixed part and rotation part of the revolver which concern on 1st Embodiment from the lens-barrel side (arrow K direction in FIG. 2). It is a figure which expands and shows a part of track. It is a figure which shows the presence or absence of the attachment of the magnet to the magnet attachment part of each address. It is the figure which looked at the opposing part of the fixing | fixed part and rotation part of a revolver which concern on 2nd Embodiment of this invention from the lens-barrel side (arrow K direction in FIG. 2). It is sectional drawing of the V groove vicinity of the track | orbit provided in the rotation part. It is a figure which shows the arrangement position of the convex part corresponding to each mounting hole. It is the figure which looked at the opposing part of the fixing | fixed part and rotation part of a revolver which concern on 3rd Embodiment of this invention from the objective-lens side (arrow L direction of FIG. 2). It is the figure which looked at the opposing part of the fixing | fixed part and rotation part of a revolver which concern on 4th Embodiment of this invention from the objective-lens side (arrow L direction of FIG. 2). It is the figure which looked at the opposing part of the fixing | fixed part and rotation part of the conventional revolver from the lens-barrel side.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the structure of the microscope provided with the electric revolver device for microscopes according to the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a microscope provided with an electric revolver device for a microscope according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the microscope 1 includes a microscope body 1a, an epi-illumination device 4 and a transmission illumination device 7 provided in the microscope body 1a, a stage 10 on which a sample (not shown) is placed, and a plurality of objectives. An electric revolver device 16 to which a lens 13 can be attached is provided. The microscope 1 irradiates the sample placed on the stage 10 with epi-illumination light or transmitted illumination light, condenses the light from the sample with the objective lens 13 attached to the electric revolver device 16, and filters (not shown). The sample image is observed with the eyepiece 22 via the lens barrel 19. The rotating surface of the electric revolver device 16 is disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis of the observation optical path. That is, it is inclined with respect to the horizontal. The electric revolver device 16 is provided with an optical member positioning device as will be described later. The electric revolver device 16 is controlled by the control unit 25.

  Hereinafter, an electric revolver device 16 (hereinafter simply referred to as a revolver 16) including an optical member positioning device will be described. In the following description, in the normal observation state, the observer side of the microscope 1 is the rear side, and the forward direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction refer to directions viewed from the observer.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a side view of the revolver according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a view of a facing portion between the fixed portion and the rotating portion of the revolver according to the first embodiment as viewed from the lens barrel side (the direction of the arrow K in FIG. 2). FIG. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the revolver 16 includes a circular fixed portion 28 on the microscope body 1 a side and a circular rotating portion 31 that can rotate relative to the fixed portion 28 and can be attached with a plurality of objective lenses 13. It is configured. The rotating part 31 is disposed below the fixed part 28. The surface of the fixed portion 28 that faces the rotating portion 31 is inclined so that the front side (the right side in FIG. 2) is positioned higher than the rear side (the left side in FIG. 2). Therefore, the rotating part 31 is also inclined and arranged so that the front side is positioned higher than the rear side. Thus, the mutually opposing surfaces of the fixed portion 28 and the rotating portion 31 are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal. The rotating part 31 is provided so as to be rotatable by a motor 34 around a rotating shaft. A plurality of mounting holes 37 for mounting the objective lens 13 are formed in the rotating portion 31 in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, six mounting holes 37 are formed at equal intervals. The addresses (addresses) of the six mounting holes 37 are sequentially set as addresses 1 to 6 along the circumferential direction, and the objective lens 13 attached to each mounting hole 37 can be identified by this address. The objective lens 13 mounted on the rotating unit 31 is arranged on the optical axis of the observation optical path, with the objective lens 13 positioned on the rear side (observer side) of the rotating unit 31.

  In the present embodiment, three magnet attachment portions 58 are provided for each attachment hole 37 on the outer diameter side of the attachment hole 37 of the rotating portion 31, and the magnet 61 is attached to the three magnet attachment portions 58. The combination of the presence or absence of attachment is used as the address of each attachment hole 37. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing whether or not the magnet 61 is attached to the magnet attachment portion 58 of each address. 3 and 5, black circles indicate that the magnet 61 is attached, and white circles indicate that the magnet 61 is not attached. As shown in FIG. 5, the combination of whether or not the magnet 61 is attached differs for each address.

  The fixed portion 28 is provided with an address sensor 67 using three Hall elements 64. The address sensor 67 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the fixed portion 28 and at a position facing the magnet mounting portion 58 of the rotating portion 31. The address sensor 67 detects the magnet 61 attached to the magnet attachment portion 58 of each mounting hole 37 that is positioned opposite to the rotation portion 31. In the present embodiment, the address sensor 67 is attached to the rear portion of the fixed portion 28, that is, the observer side so that the address of the objective lens 13 arranged on the optical axis can be detected. The three Hall elements 64 of the address sensor 67 detect the magnet 61 attached to the magnet attachment portion 58 of the mounting hole 37 in which the objective lens 13 is mounted when the objective lens 13 is disposed on the optical axis. To do. As described above, since the combination of the presence or absence of the magnet 61 is different for each mounting hole 37, which objective lens 13 is arranged on the optical axis by the combination of detection and non-detection of the magnet 61 of each Hall element 64. Is identified. Thus, the control unit 25 can recognize the objective lens 13 located on the optical axis based on information from the address sensor 67.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a ring-shaped track 40 is formed on the outer diameter side of the mounting hole 37 on the surface of the rotating portion 31 facing the fixed portion 28. As shown in FIG. 4, a groove 43 having a V-shaped cross section (hereinafter referred to as “V groove 43”) is formed in the track 40 corresponding to each mounting hole 37. Each V-groove 43 is formed on a straight line that passes through the center of the rotating portion 31 and the intermediate point between the corresponding mounting hole 37 and the adjacent mounting hole 37. On the other hand, a plate spring 46 is fixed at one location on the outer peripheral side on the surface on the fixed portion 28 side facing the rotating portion 31, and a steel ball 49 is attached to the plate spring 46. In the present embodiment, the fixed position of the leaf spring 46 is attached to a position corresponding to the objective lens 13 disposed on the optical axis. The steel ball 49 is attached at a position facing the track 40 of the rotating part 31 and is pressed against the track 40 by the elastic force of the leaf spring 46. With such a configuration, when the rotating portion 31 of the revolver 16 rotates, the steel ball 49 relatively moves on the track 40. The steel ball 49 may be attached so as to roll on the track 40 or may be attached so as to slide. The steel ball 49 moves on the track 40 and falls into the V-groove 43, whereby the rotating portion 31 is positioned at a predetermined position, and any objective lens 13 is disposed on the optical axis. As described above, the V-groove 43 formed in the track 40, the leaf spring 46, and the steel ball 49 attached to the leaf spring 46 constitute a positioning device for the objective lens 13.

  In the present embodiment, an acceleration sensor 152 is attached to the leaf spring 46. The acceleration sensor 152 is a one-axis type sensor that can detect acceleration in one direction. In the present embodiment, the acceleration sensor 152 is disposed so as to detect the acceleration in the rotation axis direction of the rotation unit 31 (hereinafter referred to as the Z-axis direction). When the rotating portion 31 rotates and the steel ball 49 falls into the V-groove 43, the steel ball 49 is accelerated in the Z direction. Since the steel ball 49 is pressed against the rotating portion 31 side, that is, the track 40 by the plate spring 46, vibration similar to the steel ball 49 is applied to the plate spring 46. Since the acceleration sensor 152 is attached to the leaf spring 46, the acceleration sensor 152 detects this vibration as acceleration. That is, when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction. The control unit 25 recognizes that the steel ball 49 has accurately fallen into the V-groove 43 when the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction, that is, an acceleration applied to the steel ball 49 and the leaf spring 46 when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, the control unit 25 is a motor. The voltage applied to 34 is reduced to reduce the rotation speed of the motor 34. That is, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, and the voltage applied to the motor 34 by the control unit 25 is reduced at the next moment. When the voltage decreases, the rotation speed of the motor 34 decreases, and the rotation speed of the rotating unit 31 decreases. When the rotation speed of the rotating part 31 is decreased, the drop speed of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is decreased. As a result, the impact caused by the collision between the steel ball 49 and the V groove 43 when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43 is alleviated. In this way, an impact at the time of positioning due to the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is reduced. If the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction, the power supply to the motor 34 may be cut off and the motor 34 may rotate by inertia. Even in this way, the dropping speed of the steel ball 49 into the V-groove 43 can be reduced, and the impact at the time of positioning can be reduced.

  Thus, in the revolver 16 of the present embodiment, the acceleration sensor 152 detects the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V-groove 43 and suppresses the drop speed of the steel ball 49. The impact at the time of positioning due to the drop to 43 is reduced. Furthermore, since the acceleration sensor 152 can detect that the steel ball 49 has fallen into the V-groove 43 accurately by detecting the acceleration when the steel ball 49 falls into the V-groove 43, the light shielding plate and the photo interrupter can be attached. It is not necessary to provide the used position sensor. Therefore, the effect that cost can be reduced is also exhibited.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a view of the facing portion between the fixed portion and the rotating portion of the revolver according to the second embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the lens barrel side (the direction of arrow K in FIG. 2), and FIG. 7 is provided in the rotating portion. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the V-groove of the formed track.

  The revolver 116 according to the second embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. That is, the configuration of the track 40 and the V-groove 43 provided in the rotating portion 31, and the leaf spring 46 and the steel ball 49 provided in the fixed portion 28 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The second embodiment will be described focusing on the configuration different from the first embodiment.

  In the revolver 116 according to the second embodiment, the acceleration sensor 152 is attached to the leaf spring 46. The acceleration sensor 152 is a one-axis type sensor and is arranged so as to detect acceleration in the Z-axis direction, that is, acceleration in the rotation axis direction of the rotation 31.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of small convex portions 55 are provided on the track 40 in the circumferential direction with the V groove 43 interposed therebetween. The height and width dimension of each convex part 55 are formed identically. The height dimension and the width dimension of each protrusion 55 are formed smaller than the depth dimension and the width dimension of the V-groove 43, respectively. The convex portion 55 is provided in a different arrangement pattern for each V-groove 43. The arrangement pattern of the convex portions 55 provided on both sides of one V-groove 43 is symmetrical. These convex portions 55 constitute identification information for identifying each V-groove 43 as described below. In other words, these convex portions 55 indicate the addresses of the mounting holes 37 corresponding to the respective V grooves 43.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the arrangement positions of the convex portions 55 corresponding to the mounting holes 37 (addresses). In FIG. 8, black circles indicate that the convex portions 55 are formed, and white circles indicate that the convex portions 55 are not formed.

  As shown in FIG. 8, one or two convex portions 55 corresponding to each mounting hole 37 (address) are formed on both sides of the V groove 43. The positions where these convex portions 55 are formed are the A position, the B position, and the C position from the position far from the V groove 43 to the position closer to the A position, the B position, The distance to the C position is the same for each V-groove 43. As shown in FIG. 8, at address 1, convex portions 55 are formed at the A position and the B position, and are not formed at the C position. In the address 2, convex portions 55 are formed at the B position and the C position, but not at the A position. In the address 3, convex portions 55 are formed at the A position and the C position, and are not formed at the B position. With respect to the addresses 4 to 6, the convex portion 55 is formed at any one of the A position to the C position, and is not formed at the other two positions. Thus, the convex part 55 is formed so that the addresses 1 to 6 may have different arrangement patterns.

  When the rotating portion 31 of the revolver 116 rotates and the steel ball 49 moves relative to the track 40, the steel ball 49 moves over the convex portions 55 and moves. When the steel ball 49 moving on the track 40 approaches the V groove 43 and moves on the track 40 and the B position and the C position in order from the A position, the bump 55 is overcome at the position where the protrusion 55 is formed. Therefore, the steel ball 49 is vibrated in the Z-axis direction. In other words, the steel ball 49 is vibrated in the Z-axis direction when riding on the convex portion 55 from the flat track 40 and when falling onto the track 40 from the top of the convex portion 55. Since the steel ball 49 is pressed against the rotating portion 31 side, that is, the track 40 by the plate spring 46, vibration similar to the steel ball 49 is applied to the plate spring 46. Since the acceleration sensor 152 is attached to the leaf spring 46, the acceleration sensor 152 detects this vibration as acceleration. Thus, the convex part 55 is provided in order to generate the predetermined vibration in the steel ball 49 and the leaf spring 46. The steel ball 49 falls from the A position to the C position and then falls into the V groove 43. As shown in FIG. 7, the depth of the V-groove 43 is larger than the height dimension of the convex portion 55, so that the steel ball 49 has a longer moving distance in the Z-axis direction than when the steel ball 49 gets over the convex portion 55. Therefore, a larger vibration, that is, acceleration is applied to the steel ball 49 and the leaf spring 46 than when the bumps 55 are overcome. In addition, the direction of acceleration at this time is opposite to that when riding on the convex portion 55. Thus, when the steel ball 49 falls into the V-groove 43, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a larger acceleration in the direction opposite to the acceleration when the steel ball moves on the convex portion 55.

  Since the rotation speed of the rotation part 31 is constant and the arrangement pattern of the protrusions 55 formed corresponding to each V-groove 43 is different, the A position detected by the acceleration sensor 152 for each V-groove 43. The number of acceleration detections and the detection interval between positions C to C are different. That is, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a small acceleration due to the convex portion 55 in a different pattern for each V-groove 43 immediately before the steel ball 49 falls into each V-groove 43. The control unit 25 stores in advance an acceleration detection pattern by the convex portion 55 between the A position and the C position for each V groove 43, and the steel ball 49 has a V acceleration which is detected by the small acceleration detection pattern from the acceleration sensor 152. 43 can be identified. Furthermore, since the acceleration sensor 152 detects the pattern of the predetermined convex portion 55 and then the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43 corresponding to the pattern of the convex portion 55, a large acceleration is detected. Recognizes that the steel ball 49 has accurately fallen into the V-groove 43 by the acceleration sensor 152 detecting this large acceleration.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the addresses 1 to 6 can be identified by the detection pattern of small acceleration by the convex portion 55, for example, the leaf spring 46 is positioned corresponding to the optical axis on the fixed portion 28 side. The control unit 25 can recognize which objective lens 13 is currently arranged on the optical axis. Even when the leaf spring 46 is attached to a position other than the position corresponding to the optical axis on the fixed portion 28 side, the position of the leaf spring 46 is fixed, and the V groove 43 into which the steel ball 49 has fallen is determined. Since the address can be identified, the objective lens 13 disposed relatively on the optical axis can be identified.

  In addition, since the arrangement pattern of the convex part 55 formed in each V-groove 43 is symmetrical in the circumferential direction across the V-groove 43, it corresponds to one V-groove 43 regardless of which direction the rotating part 31 rotates. The acceleration detection pattern by the convex portion 55 is the same pattern and can be identified. Further, when the steel ball 49 moves out of the V-groove 43 once dropped and moves on the track 40, the steel ball 49 passes through the convex portion 55 having a symmetrical pattern with the convex portion 55 that passes immediately before dropping into the V-groove 43. It becomes. The control unit 25 may not consider the small acceleration detected at this time, or recognizes the rotation direction of the rotation unit 31 with reference to the pattern of the convex portion 55 of the adjacent V groove 43 stored in advance. You may make it do.

  In the present embodiment, when the acceleration sensor 152 detects a small acceleration of a predetermined pattern by the convex portion 55 and then detects an acceleration larger than a predetermined magnitude, the control unit 25 reduces the voltage applied to the motor 34 to reduce the voltage of the motor 34. Reduce the rotation speed. The acceleration larger than a predetermined size is an acceleration larger than the acceleration applied to the steel ball 49 when the steel ball 49 gets over the convex portion 55. That is, the acceleration applied to the steel ball 49 and the leaf spring 46 when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43. When the acceleration sensor 152 detects such acceleration, the control unit 25 reduces the voltage applied to the motor 34 for rotating the rotating unit 31. That is, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction when the steel ball 49 falls into the V-groove 43, and the voltage applied to the motor 34 by the control unit is reduced at the next moment. When the voltage decreases, the rotation speed of the motor 34 decreases, and the rotation speed of the rotating unit 31 decreases. When the rotation speed of the rotating part 31 is decreased, the drop speed of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is decreased. As a result, the impact caused by the collision between the steel ball 49 and the V groove 43 when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43 is alleviated. In this way, an impact at the time of positioning due to the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is reduced. If the acceleration sensor 152 detects an acceleration larger than a predetermined magnitude, the power supply to the motor 34 may be cut off, and the motor 34 may rotate by inertia. Even if it does in this way, the fall speed to the V groove of a steel ball can be made slow and the impact at the time of positioning can be eased.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the acceleration sensor 152 detects the drop of the V-groove 43 of the steel ball 49 and suppresses the drop speed of the steel ball 49, the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V-groove 43 is suppressed. Impact during positioning due to is reduced. Further, since the address is detected by the acceleration due to the arrangement pattern of the convex portions 55, it is not necessary to provide an address sensor using a magnet and a Hall element. Furthermore, since the acceleration sensor 152 can detect that the steel ball 49 has fallen into the V-groove 43 accurately by detecting the acceleration when the steel ball 49 falls into the V-groove 43, the light shielding plate and the photo interrupter can be attached. It is not necessary to provide the used position sensor. Therefore, the effect that cost can be reduced is also exhibited.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first and second embodiments will be described using the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 9 is a view of the facing portion between the fixed portion and the rotating portion of the revolver 216 according to the third embodiment as viewed from the objective lens side (in the direction of arrow L in FIG. 2).

  In the present embodiment, the configurations of the fixed portion 28 and the rotating portion 31 are substantially the same as those in the first and second embodiments. That is, the rotating part 31 is arranged below the fixed part 28, and the rotating part 31 is provided with six mounting holes 37 to which the objective lens 13 is attached. In the present embodiment, the track 40 is provided on the surface of the fixed portion 28 that faces the rotating portion 31. The track 40 is provided with six V grooves 43 having a V-shaped cross section. Six V-grooves 43 are provided at equal intervals. On the other hand, the rotating portion 31 is provided with a leaf spring 46 at a predetermined position, and a steel ball 49 is attached to the leaf spring 46. In the present embodiment, the leaf spring 46 is attached at a position corresponding to the address 1. The steel ball 49 is attached at a position facing the track 40. Therefore, when the rotating part 31 rotates, the steel ball 49 moves along the track 40 as the rotating part 31 rotates. When the steel ball 49 moves on the track 40 and falls into the V groove 43, the rotating portion 31 is positioned at a predetermined position, and the objective lens 13 is disposed on the optical axis of the observation optical path.

  In the present embodiment, the acceleration sensor 52 is attached to the leaf spring 46. The acceleration sensor 52 is a three-axis acceleration sensor, and can detect acceleration applied to all directions in a three-dimensional space, that is, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. The acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 52 is arithmetically processed by the controller 25, and the arithmetically processed data is used for controlling the revolver 16.

  In the present embodiment, the control unit 25 grasps the current rotation position of the rotation unit 31 from the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 52. That is, the current position of the objective lens 13 at address 1 is grasped by attaching the acceleration sensor 52 to a position corresponding to the mounting hole 37 at address 1. The acceleration sensor 52 is arranged so that the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the acceleration detection direction are included in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotation unit 31, and the Z-axis direction is the axial direction of the rotation surface of the rotation unit 31. ing. Specifically, the mounting direction of the acceleration sensor 52 is the Y-axis direction with the X-axis direction of the acceleration detection direction being the front-rear direction of the rotating surface of the rotating unit 31 in a state where the objective lens 13 of the address 1 is on the optical axis. Is the left-right direction of the rotation surface of the rotation unit 31, and the Z-axis direction is arranged to be perpendicular to the rotation surface of the rotation unit 31. At this time, the X-axis direction is centered on the acceleration sensor 52, the forward direction is a positive direction and the rear direction is a negative direction, the Y-axis direction is a right direction is a positive direction, and the left direction is a negative direction. In the Z-axis direction, the upward direction is a positive direction and the downward direction is a negative direction. Hereinafter, the position of the acceleration sensor 52 when the objective lens 13 with the address 1 is located on the optical axis is defined as a reference position. The operation of the acceleration sensor 52 is the same even if the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are opposite.

  As described above, the rotating portion 31 of the revolver 16 is disposed at a predetermined angle. The acceleration sensor 52 also detects static acceleration, that is, the inclination of the acceleration sensor 52 itself with respect to the gravity direction or the horizontal direction. For example, in a state where the acceleration sensor 52 is at the reference position, the Y-axis direction of the acceleration detection direction is horizontal and not inclined with respect to the gravity direction, but the X-axis direction is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the Z-axis The direction is inclined with respect to the direction of gravity. Therefore, the XY plane in the acceleration detection direction is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Since the acceleration sensor 52 is fixed to the outer edge portion of the rotating portion 31, the acceleration sensor 52 moves on the same circumference as the outer edge portion of the rotating portion 31 as the rotating portion 31 rotates. That is, the movement of the acceleration sensor 52 is a circular motion that moves on the circumference of a circle inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. If the acceleration sensor 52 moves on the circumference of the tilted circle, the direction of the acceleration detection direction of the acceleration sensor 52 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the horizontal direction becomes different at every position on the circumference. And if the acceleration sensor 52 moves on the circumference of the circle which inclined, the inclination of the gravity direction with respect to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction will be different at every position on the circumference. In other words, the Z-axis direction of the acceleration detection direction of the acceleration sensor 52 has different inclination directions at every position on the circumference with respect to the gravity direction.

  The control unit 25 stores, as data, the state in which the steel ball 49 is engaged with the V groove 43 of the address 1, that is, the inclination of the acceleration sensor 52 at the reference position with respect to the gravity direction and the horizontal direction. That is, the tilt direction and tilt angle in the Z-axis direction with respect to the gravity direction and the tilt direction and tilt angle in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction with respect to the horizontal direction at this time are stored in advance as position data. Even when the steel ball 49 is engaged with each V-groove 43 at addresses 2 to 6, the inclination direction and inclination angle of each of the X, Y, and Z axes at the position of the acceleration sensor 52 corresponding to each case are positioned. It is stored as data.

  In this way, the control unit 25, for the case where the steel ball 49 is engaged with each V groove 43 of the addresses 1 to 6, the X, Y, and Z axes at the position of the acceleration sensor 52 corresponding to each case. The tilt direction and tilt angle are stored in advance as position data. The control unit 25 calculates and obtains the tilt direction and tilt angle of each of the X, Y, and Z axes from the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 52, and compares the calculated result with the stored position data to obtain the current address 1 address. The position is detected. If the current position of address 1 can be detected, the positions of other addresses 2 to 6 are also relatively determined.

  As an example, the operation of the positioning device and the control unit 25 will be described in the case where the rotating unit 31 is rotated in one direction from the state where the objective lens 13 of the address 1 is on the optical axis. In addition, the objective lens 13 of the address 2 is positioned next to one side of the address 1, and the addresses 3 to 6 are sequentially positioned along the circumferential direction. Therefore, the objective lens 13 of the address 6 is located next to the other side of the address 1.

  First, in a state where the objective lens 13 at address 1 is on the optical axis, the control unit 25 determines each of the X axis direction, the Y axis direction, and the Z axis direction of the acceleration sensor 52 from the static acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 52. The tilt direction and tilt angle are calculated. The calculated value is collated with the stored position data, and as a result, the control unit 25 determines that the current address 1 is located on the optical axis.

  Next, the rotating unit 31 rotates to one side and moves toward the position where the address 2 was when the address 1 was on the optical axis. At this time, the steel ball 49 comes out of the V-groove 43 corresponding to the address 1 and moves on the track toward the adjacent V-groove 43 on one side, that is, the V-groove 43 corresponding to the position where the address 2 was. Moving. Further, at this time, the acceleration sensor 52 performs a constant velocity circular motion in the same direction as the moving direction of the steel ball 49, that is, in the same direction as the rotating direction of the rotating portion 31. Although the acceleration sensor 52 detects the acceleration during the movement and sends a signal to the control unit 25, the inclination of the acceleration sensor 52 obtained from the acceleration during the movement does not match the stored position data. Does not recognize the location of address 1. When the steel ball 49 is engaged with the V groove 43 corresponding to the position where the address 2 is and the rotating unit 31 stops, the acceleration sensor 52 calculated from the static acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 52 in that state. The tilt direction and tilt angle of each axis are the tilt direction and tilt angle corresponding to the address 2 position when the acceleration sensor 52 is at the reference position. Since the control unit 25 stores the tilt direction and tilt angle of each axis of the acceleration sensor 52 at this position as position data, the control unit 25 stores the tilt direction and tilt angle of each axis calculated from the acceleration and the position data. In comparison, address 1 is recognized as currently located at address 2 corresponding to the reference position. As a result, the control unit 25 recognizes that the objective lens 13 currently located on the optical axis is the objective lens 13 at address 6. Even when the address 1 is moved to another position, the position of the address 1 can be recognized in the same manner. That is, when the rotating unit 31 rotates to one side or the other side from the state where the address 1 is located on the optical axis, the steel balls 49 are sequentially engaged with the V grooves 43 according to the rotation of the rotating unit 31. If the position of the address 1 in a state where the steel ball 49 is engaged with each V-groove 43 can be recognized, the other addresses 2 to 6 corresponding to the position of the address 1 can be relatively recognized. Therefore, the control unit 25 can recognize which objective lens 13 is currently located on the optical axis by recognizing the position of the address 1.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the acceleration sensor 52 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction, the control unit 25 reduces the voltage applied to the motor 34 for driving the rotation unit 31 to reduce the rotation speed of the motor 34. Reduce. The acceleration sensor 52 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction when the steel ball 49 falls into the V-groove 43, and the voltage applied to the motor 34 by the control unit 25 is reduced at the next moment. Then, the rotation speed of the motor 34 decreases, and the rotation speed of the rotating unit 31 becomes slow. When the rotation speed of the rotating part 31 is decreased, the drop speed of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is decreased. If the drop speed is slowed, the impact at the time of collision between the steel ball 49 and the V groove 43 is alleviated. In this way, an impact at the time of positioning due to the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is reduced.

  Since the revolver 216 of the present embodiment has such a configuration, the acceleration sensor 52 detects the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 and suppresses the drop speed of the steel ball 49. The impact at the time of positioning due to the drop to 43 is reduced. Further, it is not necessary to provide an address sensor using a magnet and a Hall element in order to detect an address. Further, since the acceleration sensor 52 detects the acceleration when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, it can be recognized that the steel ball 49 has fallen into the V groove 43 accurately. It is not necessary to provide the used position sensor. Therefore, the effect that the reduction of cost can also be aimed at is also exhibited.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the fourth embodiment, the same components as those in the first to third embodiments will be described using the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 10 is a view of the facing portion between the fixed portion and the rotating portion of the revolver 316 according to the fourth embodiment as viewed from the objective lens side (in the direction of arrow L in FIG. 2).

  In the present embodiment, the configurations of the fixed portion 28 and the rotating portion 31 are substantially the same as those in the first to third embodiments. That is, the rotating part 31 is disposed below the fixed part 28, and six mounting holes 37 for attaching the objective lens 13 are formed in the rotating part 31 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The addresses (addresses) of the six mounting holes 37 are addresses 1 to 6, respectively, and the objective lens 13 attached to each mounting hole 37 can be identified by this address. In the present embodiment, as in the third embodiment, three magnet attachment portions 58 are provided for each mounting hole 37 on the outer diameter side of the mounting hole 37 of the rotating portion 31, and the three magnets are provided. A combination of whether or not the magnet 61 is attached to the attachment portion 58 is used as an address of each attachment hole 37. Whether or not the magnet 61 is attached to the magnet attachment portion 58 of each address is the same as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.

  The fixed portion 28 is provided with an address sensor 67 using three Hall elements 64. The address sensor 67 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the fixed portion 28 and at a position facing the magnet mounting portion 58 of the rotating portion 31. The address sensor 67 detects the magnet 61 attached to the magnet attachment portion 58 of each mounting hole 37 that is positioned opposite to the rotation portion 31. In the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the address sensor 67 is attached to the rear portion of the fixed portion 28, that is, the observer side so that the address of the objective lens 13 disposed on the optical axis can be detected. Yes. The three Hall elements 64 of the address sensor 67 detect the magnet 61 attached to the magnet attachment portion 58 of the mounting hole 37 in which the objective lens 13 is mounted when the objective lens 13 is disposed on the optical axis. To do. As shown in FIG. 5, since the combination of the presence or absence of the magnet 61 is different for each mounting hole 37, which objective lens 13 is arranged on the optical axis by the combination of detection and non-detection of the magnetism 61 of each Hall element 64. Is identified. Thus, the control unit 25 can recognize the objective lens 13 located on the optical axis based on information from the address sensor 67.

  In the present embodiment, the track 40 is provided on the surface of the fixed portion 28 that faces the rotating portion 31. The track 40 is provided with six V grooves 43 having a V-shaped cross section. Six V-grooves 43 are provided at equal intervals. On the other hand, the rotating portion 31 is provided with a leaf spring 46 at a predetermined position, and a steel ball 49 is attached to the leaf spring 46. In the present embodiment, the leaf spring 46 is attached at a position corresponding to the address 1. The steel ball 49 is attached at a position facing the track 40. Therefore, when the rotating part 31 rotates, the steel ball 49 moves along the track 40 as the rotating part 31 rotates. When the steel ball 49 moves on the track 40 and falls into the V groove 43, the rotating portion 31 is positioned at a predetermined position, and the objective lens 13 is disposed on the optical axis of the observation optical path.

  In the present embodiment, the acceleration sensor 152 is attached to the leaf spring 46. The acceleration sensor 152 is a one-axis type sensor and is arranged to detect the acceleration in the Z-axis direction, that is, the acceleration in the rotation axis direction of the rotating unit 31. When the rotating unit 31 rotates and the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction. The control unit 25 recognizes that the steel ball 49 has accurately fallen into the V-groove 43 when the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction, that is, an acceleration applied to the leaf spring 46 when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, the control unit 25 applies the motor 34 to the motor 34. The voltage is decreased to reduce the rotation speed of the motor 34. That is, the acceleration sensor 152 detects a large acceleration in the Z-axis direction when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43, and the voltage applied to the motor 34 by the control unit 25 is reduced at the next moment. When the voltage decreases, the rotation speed of the motor 34 decreases, and the rotation speed of the rotating unit 31 decreases. When the rotation speed of the rotating part 31 is decreased, the drop speed of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is decreased. As a result, the impact caused by the collision between the steel ball 49 and the V groove 43 when the steel ball 49 falls into the V groove 43 is alleviated. In this way, an impact at the time of positioning due to the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 is reduced. If the acceleration sensor 152 detects an acceleration of a predetermined magnitude or more, the power supply to the motor 34 may be cut off, and the motor 34 may rotate with inertia. Even in this way, the dropping speed of the steel ball 49 into the V-groove 43 can be reduced, and the impact at the time of positioning can be reduced.

  Thus, in the revolver 316 of this embodiment, since the acceleration sensor 152 detects the drop of the steel ball 49 into the V groove 43 and suppresses the drop speed of the steel ball 49, the V groove of the steel ball 49 is The impact at the time of positioning due to the drop to 43 is reduced. Furthermore, since the acceleration sensor 152 detects the acceleration when the steel ball 152 falls into the V groove 43, it can be recognized that the steel ball 49 has fallen into the V groove 43 accurately. It is not necessary to provide the used position sensor. Therefore, cost can be reduced.

  Although the description of each embodiment has been completed above, the configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention. The present invention can also be applied to filter turrets and sliders.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microscope 4 Epi-illumination device 7 Transmission illumination device 10 Stage 13 Objective lens 16 Revolver 19 Lens tube 22 Eyepiece lens 25 Control part 28 Fixing part 31 Rotation part 34 Motor 37 Mounting hole 40 Orbit 43 V groove 46 Plate spring 49 Steel ball 52, 152 Acceleration sensor 55 Convex part 58 Magnet attachment part 61 Magnet 64 Hall element 67 Address sensor

Claims (12)

A rotating part that faces the fixed part on the microscope body side and is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the fixed part, and is capable of mounting a plurality of optical elements,
Driving means for rotating the rotating unit;
A plurality of grooves provided in either the fixed part or the rotating part;
Biasing means provided on the other of the fixed part or the rotating part;
An engaging member that is provided in the urging means and is urged to the groove by the urging means and engages with any one of the grooves, thereby positioning the optical element at the observation position of the microscope;
Acceleration detecting means provided in the biasing means;
An electric revolver for a microscope, comprising: a control unit that controls the drive unit based on a detection value detected by the acceleration detection unit.   When the acceleration detecting means detects the acceleration applied to the engaging member when the engaging member engages with the groove, the controller reduces the rotational speed of the rotating part via the driving means. The electric revolver device for microscopes according to claim 1 characterized by these.   3. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit recognizes that the engagement member is engaged with the groove portion by detecting the acceleration applied to the engagement member by the acceleration detection unit. The electric revolver device for microscopes described.   The electric revolver for a microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotating unit is provided with identification information for identifying the optical element attached to the rotating unit. apparatus.   5. The electric revolver device for a microscope according to claim 4, wherein the identification information is a magnet provided corresponding to each optical element.   5. The electric revolver for a microscope according to claim 4, wherein the identification information is vibration generating means for generating vibration in the engaging member.   The plurality of groove portions are formed on contact surfaces where the engaging members come into contact and move relatively, and the vibration generating means is a plurality of convex portions provided on the contact surface in different arrangements corresponding to the groove portions. The electric revolver device for a microscope according to claim 6, wherein the electric revolver device is used.   8. The electric revolver for a microscope according to claim 6, wherein the control unit recognizes the optical element arranged at the observation position based on the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit detected by the acceleration detecting unit. apparatus.   The electric revolver for a microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit identifies the optical element disposed at the observation position based on the acceleration detected by the acceleration detection unit. apparatus.   The acceleration for the control unit to identify the optical element disposed at the observation position is an inclination of the acceleration detection unit detected by the acceleration detection unit every time the engagement member is engaged with the groove. The electric revolver device for a microscope according to claim 9, wherein the electric revolver device is used.   The controller further recognizes that the engaging member is engaged with the groove from the inclination of the acceleration detecting means detected by the acceleration detecting means each time the engaging member is engaged with the groove. The electric revolver device for a microscope according to claim 10.   A microscope comprising the electric revolver device for a microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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