JP2012126464A - Working vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a working vehicle capable of obtaining large electric power on the other side through a revolving mechanism.SOLUTION: This working vehicle 1 is mounted with a revolving body 11 relatively revolving with respect to a traveling body 10. The working vehicle 1 includes: a revolving mechanism 2 formed between the traveling body 10 and the revolving body 11; a power unit 3 arranged in either the traveling body 10 or the revolving body 11; and an electric generator 4 including a stator 41 and a rotor 42 arranged on the other side of the traveling body 10 or the revolving body 11 without being arranged with the power unit 3, and a rotary shaft 43 of the rotor 42 to which the rotation of the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted and which is arranged along the rotation center axis C of the revolving mechanism 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a working vehicle having a traveling body mounted on a traveling body.

  Conventionally, a work vehicle such as a crane or an aerial work vehicle having a revolving body and a traveling body transmits power by transmitting electricity through a slip ring or transmitting hydraulic pressure through a swivel joint. It was.

  However, when the slip ring is used, there is a problem that the size of the apparatus becomes large, so that it cannot be installed at the turning center, and if it is small, large power cannot be transmitted. In addition, when a swivel joint is used, there is a problem that the efficiency is poor because the pressure loss increases.

  Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which the rotation of the power unit on the traveling body side is mechanically transmitted to the revolving body side as it is, and the revolving body drives each device of the crane by the rotation.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-74386

  However, since the work vehicle of Patent Document 1 mechanically transmits the rotation of the power unit arranged on the traveling body to the revolving body as it is, it is difficult to use the revolving body on the revolving body. And as an easy-to-use energy form, electrical energy is preferable.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a work vehicle capable of obtaining a large electric power on the other side through a turning mechanism.

  In order to achieve the above object, a work vehicle according to the present invention is a work vehicle equipped with a turning body that turns relative to a traveling body, wherein the turning vehicle is formed between the traveling body and the turning body. A mechanism, a power unit disposed on one of the traveling body and the revolving body, a stator and a rotor disposed on the other side where the power unit of the traveling body or the revolving body is not disposed, and rotation of the power unit And a generator having a rotating shaft of the rotor disposed mechanically and disposed along a rotation center axis of the turning mechanism.

  As described above, the work vehicle of the present invention includes a turning mechanism formed between the traveling body and the turning body, a power device disposed on either the traveling body or the turning body, and the traveling body or the turning body. A generator having a stator and a rotor arranged on the other side where the power unit is not arranged, and a rotation axis of the rotor which is mechanically transmitted to the rotation mechanism and is arranged along the rotation center axis of the turning mechanism. Yes.

  Therefore, high power can be obtained on the other side through the turning mechanism by rotating the rotor of the generator arranged on the other side by rotating the power unit arranged on either the traveling body or the turning body.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the whole structure of the rough terrain crane of Example 1. FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the turning mechanism and generator of Example 1 in detail. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a load according to the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining the whole structure of the rough terrain crane of Example 2. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(overall structure)
First, the overall configuration of a rough terrain crane 1 as a work vehicle according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the rough terrain crane 1 according to the present embodiment includes a traveling body 10 having tires 10 a and 10 b, and a revolving body 11 that is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the traveling body 10 via a revolving mechanism 2. It is equipped with.

  The traveling body 10 is a power unit 3 that rotationally drives the tires 10a and 10b, an engine 31 that uses light oil or the like as a fuel, a transmission 32 that changes the rotational speed using gears, and a power take-off (PTO) that extracts rotational power from the transmission 32. 33 etc. are provided.

  Further, a propeller shaft 52 having universal joints at both ends is connected to the output shaft 51 from which the rotation of the PTO 33 is taken out, and a shaft 53 having a bevel gear 54 attached to the end is connected to the propeller shaft 52 to connect the transmission mechanism 5. Is configured. The conduction mechanism 5 transmits the rotation of the horizontal output shaft 51 to the vertical rotation shaft 43 while changing the direction. In addition, the traveling body 10 includes a communication device 82 that receives a command from the controller 80.

  In addition to the cabin (not shown) for driving and operating, the revolving body 11 is generated by the generator 4 described later, the boom 61 and the winch 62 as the load 6 (see FIG. 3), and the generator 4. And a power storage device 7 for storing electricity.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the boom 61 has a hoisting cylinder 61a, a telescopic cylinder 61b, and a swing motor 61c that are driven by pressure oil supplied from a hydraulic pump 64. . The hydraulic pump 64 is rotationally driven by an electric pump drive motor 63 that is operated by a direct current generated by the generator 4 or a direct current stored in the power storage device 7.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the winch 62 is rotationally driven by an electric winch motor 65 that is operated by a direct current generated by the generator 4 or a direct current stored in the power storage device 7. As the winch motor 65, a type having a capability suitable for the winch 62 is used.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the swing body 11 includes a controller 80 that controls an actuator of a work machine such as a boom 61, and a contact slip ring 81 that enables communication via the swing mechanism 2. .

  And the turning mechanism 2 is formed between the traveling body 10 and the turning body 11 of Example 1, and the rotation axis C of the turning mechanism 2 and the rotation axis of the rotor 42 of the generator 4 are described later. And are in agreement.

(Configuration of turning mechanism and generator)
Next, the structure of the turning mechanism 2 and the generator 4 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The turning mechanism 2 is configured by a bearing mechanism in which an outer race 21 and an inner race 22 are combined via balls. Then, the pinion (not shown) attached to the revolving body 11 side meshes with an internal gear (not shown) formed on the inner race 22 fixed to the traveling body 10 side and rotates, so that the revolving body 11 becomes the traveling body. Turn relative to 10.

  The generator 4 is a so-called generator, and a stator 41 and a rotor 42 disposed in the revolving structure 11 where the power unit 3 is not disposed, a rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 to which the rotation of the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted, It has.

  The stator 41 is formed by a coil in which a conducting wire is wound in a cylindrical shape. The stator 41 is disposed so as to surround the inner rotor 42 and is fixed to the revolving body 11.

  The rotor 42 is formed of a permanent magnet. The rotor 42 is rotatably supported by bearings at both ends of a rotating shaft 43 installed so as to pass through the center, so that the rotor 41 rotates on the rotating body 11 to which the stator 41 is fixed. It is installed freely.

  A bevel gear 44 is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42, and the rotation of the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted to the bevel gear 44 from a bevel gear 54 at the end of the transmission mechanism 5. That is, the rotating shaft 43 is formed to have a length that protrudes in the vertical direction from the swing body 11 to the traveling body 10, and the bevel gear 44 that meshes with the protruding portion so as to be orthogonal to the lateral bevel gear 54 of the transmission mechanism 5. It is attached.

  Further, the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 is formed in a cylindrical shape (pipe shape) having a hollow portion, and a sleeve tube 46 is inserted into the hollow portion, and the sleeve tube 46 is connected to a controller 80 on both sides of the turning mechanism 2. A signal line 83 as a communication line for connecting the communication devices 82 is inserted. The signal line 83 is connected to the controller 80 via a slip ring 81 disposed on the revolving structure 11.

  Although not shown, a medium transport pipe including a hydraulic hose or pneumatic hose that is a pressure medium transport pipe and a hot water hose can be inserted into the hollow portion of the rotating shaft 43. Furthermore, a medium such as hydraulic oil, compressed air, or warm water can be flowed directly into the hollow portion without using a medium transport pipe. These medium transport pipes or media are connected to a hydraulic device or the like via a rotary joint.

  In the generator 4 of the present embodiment, the rotation shaft 43 of the rotor 42 coincides with the rotation center axis C of the turning mechanism 2. That is, the central axis of the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 is arranged so as to follow the central axes of the annular outer race 21 and the inner race 22 of the turning mechanism 2.

(Function)
Next, the operation of the rough terrain crane 1 as a working vehicle of the present embodiment will be described.

  First, the rotational power generated by the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted to the generator 4. Specifically, the engine 31 rotates, the rotation is changed by the transmission 32, and the rotation is taken out by the PTO 33. The extracted rotation is conducted by the conduction mechanism 5 in the order of the output shaft 51 of the PTO 33, the propeller shaft 52, and the shaft 53 of the bevel gear 54.

  Subsequently, rotation is transmitted from the bevel gear 54 of the transmission mechanism 5 to the bevel gear 44, and the rotary shaft 43 and the rotor 42 that are integral with the bevel gear 44 also rotate. The magnetic field fluctuates due to the rotation of the rotor 42, so that a direct current is generated in the stator 41 by electromagnetic induction. Part of the generated direct current is used by the load 6, and the rest is stored in the power storage device 7.

  At this time, since the rotation shaft 43 of the rotor 42 is on the rotation center axis C of the turning mechanism 2, the position of the rotation shaft 43 of the rotor 42 does not change during the turning of the turning body 11, and the like There is no need for a sliding mechanism that can respond to any rotation.

  Furthermore, since the revolving speed of the revolving structure 11 is slower than the revolving speed of the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 and the relative speed hardly changes, the generator 4 generates a current substantially the same as that in the non-revolving state even in the revolving state.

(effect)
Next, the effects of the rough terrain crane 1 as a working vehicle of the present embodiment will be listed and described.

  (1) As described above, the rough terrain crane 1 as the working vehicle of the present embodiment is a working vehicle on which the turning body 11 that turns relative to the traveling body 10 is mounted. , The power mechanism 3 disposed in the traveling body 10, the stator 41 and the rotor 42 disposed in the revolving body 11, and the rotation of the power apparatus 3 are mechanically transmitted to the swing mechanism. And a generator 4 having a rotation shaft 43 of a rotor 42 arranged along two rotation center axes C.

  Therefore, by rotating the power generator 3 disposed on the traveling body 10 and rotating the rotor 42 of the generator 4 disposed on the revolving body 11, high power can be obtained in the revolving body 11 via the revolving mechanism 2. .

  That is, when electricity is transmitted using a slip ring as in the conventional case, the size of the device increases, so it cannot be installed at the center of rotation, and if it is small, it cannot transmit large power, and the swivel joint must be installed. When pressure oil is used and supplied, the pressure loss increases, which causes a problem of poor efficiency.

  Therefore, the rotational power of the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted from one side to the other side without contact with the rotational power, and power is generated using the rotational power on the other side, thereby using a slip ring or a swivel joint. And can transmit large energy.

  Moreover, since it is preferable to dispose the power unit 3 on the traveling body 10 side in consideration of efficiency during traveling, it is significant to efficiently operate the work machine on the revolving body 11 side via the turning mechanism 2 by the power unit 3. .

  In addition, by arranging the power storage device 7 on the same revolving structure 11 as the generator 4, the boom 61, the winch 62, and the like use the power from the power storage device 7 in addition to the power generated by the power generator 4. Therefore, the output of the engine 31 can be leveled.

  In addition, by making the work on the revolving body 11 electric, it leads to noise reduction and energy saving. Furthermore, if the power storage device 7 having a large capacity is arranged, idling driving or complete electric driving can be performed, and the noise can be further reduced.

  (2) In addition, the rotating shaft 43 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow portion, and the hollow portion has a signal line 83 or a medium or a medium that connects between communication devices disposed on both sides of the turning mechanism 2 as a communication line. By passing the medium transport pipe, it is possible to always communicate between the traveling body 10 and the revolving body 11 through the hollow portion and also to transmit energy.

  In other words, the power transmission 3 is mechanically transmitted to the power transmission without passing through the slip ring 81 to rotate the generator 4, while the communication signal line 83 is routed through the slip ring 81, so 11, communication is possible between the traveling body 10 and the revolving body 11 while obtaining high power.

  Further, by inserting a medium conveying tube such as a pressure medium conveying tube such as a hydraulic hose and a pneumatic hose or a hot water hose into the hollow portion, a large amount of electric power can be obtained via the turning mechanism 2, while hydraulic power or pneumatic power or You can also send hot water. In addition, hydraulic oil, pneumatic power, hot water, or the like can be sent by flowing hydraulic oil, compressed air, hot water, or the like directly into the hollow portion.

  (3) Furthermore, the output shaft 51 of the PTO 33 of the power unit 3 is formed so that the axial direction is orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42, and the output shaft 51 is connected to the rotating shaft 43 via the conduction mechanism 5. By transmitting the rotation, the power unit 3 is not positioned on the extension of the rotating shaft 43, so that the signal line 83 and various pipes can be easily wired and piped.

  (4) A rough terrain crane 1 as a mobile crane having the power unit 3 in the traveling body 10 and mounting the boom 61 and the winch 62 on the revolving body 11. The boom 61 is hydraulically driven and winches. Since 62 is electrically driven, the configuration of the hydraulic system can be simplified.

  In other words, in a mobile crane equipped with the boom 61 and the winch 62, the configuration of the hydraulic system can be easily optimized by driving the winch 62 with the electric winch motor 65.

  That is, conventionally, most of the hydraulic power is consumed by the winch 62, and thus the hydraulic system is configured in accordance with the capability of the winch 62. However, the hydraulic system is converted into an actuator of the boom 61 by electrifying the winch 62. Can be configured according to the ability of the group.

  Hereinafter, a rough terrain crane 1A as a working vehicle of a form different from that of the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same or equivalent parts as described in the above embodiment will be given with the same reference numerals.

(overall structure)
As shown in FIG. 4, the rough terrain crane 1 </ b> A of the present embodiment includes a traveling body 10 and a revolving body 11 that is pivotably mounted on the upper portion of the traveling body 10 via a revolving mechanism 2. Unlike the first embodiment, the rough terrain crane 1A according to the second embodiment includes the power unit 3 on the revolving structure 11 side.

  The traveling body 10 includes a generator 4, a load 6, a power storage device 7, and a slip ring 81. In addition, the traveling body 10 includes a communication device 82 that receives a command from the controller 80.

  In addition to the cabin (not shown), the swing body 11 includes a boom 61 and a winch 62 (see FIG. 3) as the load 6, and a controller 80 that controls the actuator of the work machine.

  And the turning mechanism 2 is formed between the traveling body 10 and the turning body 11, and as will be described later, the rotation center axis C of the turning mechanism 2 and the rotation axis 43 of the rotor 42 of the generator 4 are Match.

  Further, the revolving structure 11 includes an engine 31, a transmission 32, a PTO 33, and the like as the power unit 3. Further, a propeller shaft 52 is connected to the output shaft 51 of the PTO 33, and a shaft 53 to which a bevel gear 54 is attached is connected to the propeller shaft 52, thereby constituting the transmission mechanism 5.

(Configuration of turning mechanism and generator)
Next, the structure of the turning mechanism 2 and the generator 4 will be described.

  The turning mechanism 2 includes an annular outer race 21 fixed to the turning body 11 side, and an annular inner race 22 fixed to the traveling body 10 side. Then, the outer race 21 and the inner race 22 are combined via balls to constitute a bearing mechanism.

  The generator 4 includes a stator 41 and a rotor 42 disposed on the traveling body 10 where the power unit 3 is not disposed, and a rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 to which the rotation of the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted.

  The stator 41 is formed by a coil in which a conducting wire is wound in a cylindrical shape, and is disposed so as to surround the inner rotor 42 and is fixed to the traveling body 10.

  A bevel gear 44 is attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42, and the rotation of the power unit 3 is mechanically transmitted to the bevel gear 44 from a bevel gear 54 at the end of the transmission mechanism 5.

  Further, the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 is formed in a cylindrical shape (pipe shape) having a hollow portion, and a signal line 83 connecting the controller 80 and the communication device 82 on both sides of the turning mechanism 2 is formed in the hollow portion. It is inserted.

  In the generator 4 of the present embodiment, the rotation shaft 43 of the rotor 42 coincides with the rotation center axis C of the turning mechanism 2. That is, the central axis of the rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 42 is arranged so as to follow the central axes of the annular outer race 21 and the inner race 22 of the turning mechanism 2.

(Action / Effect)
Next, the operation and effect of the rough terrain crane 1A as the working vehicle of this embodiment will be described.

  (1) As described above, the rough terrain crane 1A as the working vehicle of the present embodiment is a working vehicle on which the turning body 11 that turns relative to the traveling body 10 is mounted. , The power mechanism 3 disposed on the revolving structure 11, the stator 41 and the rotor 42 disposed on the traveling body 10, and the rotation of the power apparatus 3 are mechanically transmitted to the revolving mechanism. And a generator 4 having a rotation shaft 43 of a rotor 42 arranged along two rotation center axes C.

  Therefore, by rotating the rotor 42 of the generator 4 disposed on the traveling body 10 by the rotation of the power unit 3 disposed on the revolving body 11, high power can be obtained in the traveling body 10 via the turning mechanism 2. .

  In the first embodiment, the case where the power unit 3 is mounted on the traveling body 10 has been described. In the second embodiment, the case where the power unit 3 is mounted on the revolving body 11 has been described.

  In addition, since it is as substantially the same as the said Example about another structure and an effect, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are not limited to the present invention. included.

  For example, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to the rough terrain crane 1 as a work vehicle has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the work crane may be a mobile crane such as a cargo crane or a truck crane. The present invention can be applied to any work vehicle having a turning mechanism such as an aerial work vehicle.

  In the first and second embodiments, the boom 61 as a work machine is hydraulically driven and the winch 62 is electrically driven. However, the device configuration is not limited to this combination, and the electrically driven (direct acting) is used. It is also possible to use a working machine.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where a DC generator is used as the generator 4 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an AC alternator can also be used as the generator 4.

  In the first and second embodiments, the case where a permanent magnet is used as the rotor 42 of the generator 4 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an electromagnet can be used as the rotor 42.

  In the first and second embodiments, only the case where the rotational energy is converted into electric energy by the generator 4 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the generator 4 is a direct current stored in the power storage device 7. It can also be used as an electric motor (motor) that operates by electric current.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the engine 31 is used as the power unit 3 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a motor can be used as the power unit 3.

  And the structure which arrange | positions the rotating shaft of a rotor on the rotation center axis | shaft of a turning mechanism is not only a mobile crane and an aerial work vehicle, but the joint location of the nacelle part and tower part in a wind power generator, and a multi joint. It can also be applied to power transmission to the arm of a robot.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where any one of a communication line or a medium or a medium transport pipe is passed through the hollow portion is not limited to this. It may be a medium transport pipe, or may be combined like a communication line and medium, a communication line and medium transport pipe, a medium and medium transport pipe, a communication line and medium and a medium transport pipe.

C Rotation center shaft 1, 1A Rough terrain crane (work vehicle)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Running body 11 Turning body 2 Turning mechanism 3 Power unit 4 Generator 41 Stator 42 Rotor 43 Rotating shaft 46 Sleeve pipe 5 Conducting mechanism 6 Load 61 Boom 62 Winch 63 Pump drive motor 64 Hydraulic pump 65 Winch motor 7 Power storage device 80 Controller ( Communication equipment)
81 slip ring 82 communication device 83 signal line

Claims (4)

A work vehicle equipped with a turning body that turns relative to a traveling body,
A turning mechanism formed between the traveling body and the turning body;
A power unit disposed on either the traveling body or the revolving body;
A stator and a rotor disposed on the other side of the traveling body or the revolving body where the power unit is not disposed; a rotation of the power unit is mechanically transmitted and the rotor is disposed along a rotation center axis of the revolving mechanism. A generator having a rotating shaft;
A work vehicle comprising:   2. The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotation shaft is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow portion, and a communication line or a medium or a medium transport pipe is passed through the hollow portion.   The output shaft of the power unit is formed so that an axial direction is orthogonal to an axial direction of the rotating shaft, and rotation is transmitted from the output shaft to the rotating shaft through a transmission mechanism. The work vehicle according to claim 1 or claim 2.   2. A mobile crane having a power unit on the traveling body and mounting a boom and a winch on the revolving body, wherein the boom is hydraulically driven and the winch is electrically driven. The work vehicle according to claim 3.