JP2012107686A - Spherical band-shaped seal body and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spherical band-shaped seal body which does not generate friction noise resulting from a stick flip phenomenon even if forces in a twisting direction and a shearing direction are applied to an exhaust pipe connected to a manifold, and does not impart discomfort to a driver or the like, and a method of manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: The spherical band-shaped seal body 45 used in an exhaust pipe joint comprises a spherical band-shaped base 43 which is defined by a cylindrical internal face 39, a partially-protruded spherical face 40 and annular end faces 41 and 42 at the large-diameter side and the small-diameter side of the partially-protruded spherical face 40, and an outer layer 44 which is integrally formed at the partially-protruded spherical face 40 of the spherical band-shaped base 43. The spherical band-shaped base 43 comprises a reinforcing material for the spherical band-shaped base which is composed of a metal gauze, and a heat resistance material for the spherical band-shaped base which fills the metal gauze of the reinforcing material, is mixedly integrated with the reinforcing material, and contains compressed expansible graphite.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ball-shaped seal body used for a spherical pipe joint of an automobile exhaust pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In FIG. 32, which shows an example of the exhaust passage of the automobile engine, the exhaust gas of the automobile engine is collected in the exhaust manifold catalytic converter 600 in the exhaust cylinder catalytic converter 600, and the exhaust pipe 601 and The exhaust gas that has been sent to the sub muffler 603 through the exhaust pipe 602 and passed through the sub muffler 603 is further sent to the muffler (silencer) 606 through the exhaust pipe 604 and the exhaust pipe 605, and is released into the atmosphere through this muffler 606. Is done.

  Exhaust system members such as the exhaust pipes 601 and 602, 604 and 605, the sub muffler 603, and the muffler 606 are repeatedly subjected to stress due to the roll behavior and vibration of the engine. In particular, in the case of a high-speed engine with high-speed rotation, the stress applied to the exhaust system member is considerably large. Therefore, the exhaust system member may cause fatigue failure, and engine vibration may cause the exhaust system member to resonate and deteriorate indoor silence. In order to solve such a problem, the connection portion 607 between the exhaust manifold catalytic converter 600 and the exhaust pipe 601 and the connection portion 608 between the exhaust pipe 604 and the exhaust pipe 605 are absorbed by vibrations such as an exhaust pipe spherical joint or a bellows type joint. By movably connecting with the mechanism, the stress repeatedly applied to the exhaust system member due to the roll behavior and vibration of the automobile engine is absorbed, preventing fatigue failure of the exhaust system member and the vibration of the engine resonating the exhaust system member The problem of worsening the quietness in the passenger compartment is also solved.

JP 54-76759 A JP 2004-301261 A

  As an example of the above-described vibration absorbing mechanism, there is an exhaust pipe joint described in Patent Document 1 and a seal body used for the joint. The sealing body described in Patent Document 1 is slidably in contact with the concave spherical inner surface of the flange member fixed to the end of the downstream exhaust pipe at the convex spherical outer surface of the sealing body. The cylindrical inner surface is used by being fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe end of the upstream side exhaust pipe, and the relative sliding of the convex spherical outer surface of the sealing body with respect to the concave spherical inner surface of the flange member. The stress acting on the exhaust pipe joint is absorbed.

  By the way, in a front-wheel drive horizontal engine, an exhaust manifold may be provided on the rear side of the engine, and the exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust manifold is subjected to a force in a shearing direction (a direction perpendicular to the pipe axis direction of the exhaust pipe). In addition, a force in the twisting direction (rotation direction around the tube axis of the exhaust pipe) is applied, and this force is also input to the exhaust pipe joint.

  In order to cope with the shearing force and torsional force generated in the exhaust pipe, in the exhaust pipe joint, for example, the seal body and the exhaust pipe are pressed into the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe as "tight fit", Friction between the cylindrical inner surface of the seal body and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe can be reduced by using a technique for preventing the rotation of the seal body on the inner surface of the cylinder, or by making the cylindrical inner surface of the seal body an exposed surface of a reinforcing material made of a metal mesh. There is a technique (see Patent Document 2) in which the sealing body is firmly fixed to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe.

  However, in the technology in which the seal body and the exhaust pipe are “fitted” and the seal body is press-fitted into the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe, the stress caused by the heat load of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe is added to the process of using the seal body. There is a problem that relaxation occurs and the pressure input due to “fitting fit” is reduced, and the strong integrity between the two is lost. Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, when the sealing body is press-fitted into the outer surface of the exhaust pipe, it cannot be press-fitted only by the operator's force, and a separately prepared jig is required. As described above, there is a problem in that workability is reduced and stress relaxation occurs due to the heat load of the exhaust gas, as described above, and there is a problem that strong integrity between the seal body and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is lost. .

  If force that causes displacement in the shear direction and torsional direction is input to the exhaust pipe joint in a state where the integrity of the cylindrical inner surface of the seal body and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe is lost, A force that causes rotation around the tube axis of the exhaust pipe is generated, and a force that causes rotation is also generated on the annular end surface of the large-diameter side of the seal body. The large-diameter annular end surface is an exposed surface of the heat-resistant material containing expanded graphite from the viewpoint of preventing leakage of exhaust gas from between the annular end surface and the flange member with which the annular end surface abuts. The heat-resistant material film is transferred to the surface of the flange member by sliding between the end surface on the side and the flange member, and the sliding between the transferred heat-resistant material film and the annular end surface on the large diameter side where the heat-resistant material is exposed , It becomes sliding friction between heat-resistant materials, the difference between the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of dynamic friction of heat-resistant materials (expanded graphite) is large, and the friction resistance against the sliding speed of heat-resistant materials shows negative resistance As a result, a stick-slip phenomenon often occurs, and there is a risk of generating abnormal frictional noise due to the stick-slip phenomenon, and this abnormal frictional sound may cause problems such as discomfort to the driver or the like. There is.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the object of the present invention is to cause stick-slip phenomenon even when forces in the twisting direction and shearing direction are input to the exhaust pipe connected to the manifold. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ball-shaped seal body that does not generate abnormal frictional noise and causes discomfort to the driver and the manufacturing method thereof.

  The spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention includes a spherical inner surface defined by a cylindrical inner surface, a partially convex spherical surface, and annular end surfaces on the large-diameter side and small-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface, and a partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. A spherical band-shaped sealing body used for an exhaust pipe joint having an outer layer integrally formed on a cylindrical surface, wherein the spherical band-shaped substrate includes a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh, and the reinforcing material of the reinforcing material. A heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate filled with a mesh of a metal mesh and mixed with and integrated with the reinforcing material and containing compressed expanded graphite. The annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the spherical surface has a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate that is flush with the surface made of the heat-resistant material. A surface made of a heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and a reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate The surface formed by the spherical belt-shaped substrate is mixed and integrated on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface, and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is The cylindrical inner surface and the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface are scattered with respect to a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical band-shaped substrate.

  According to the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention, the exhaust pipe is in a state where the integrity is lost between the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body and the outer surface of one end portion of the exhaust pipe where the spherical belt-shaped sealing body is disposed. The force in the torsional direction and the shearing direction is input to the cylinder, and the exhaust pipe rotates around the pipe axis on the cylindrical inner surface of the ball-shaped seal body, and the flange member fixed to the exhaust pipe also rotates accordingly. Even if relative rotational sliding occurs between the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the spherical belt-shaped seal body and the flange member in contact with the annular end surface, the annular end surface on the large diameter side contains a sphere containing expanded graphite. In addition to the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the belt-shaped substrate, the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a metal mesh is scattered and exposed, so the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate on the surface of the flange member is exposed. Excessive transfer is avoided, and a proper heat-resistant coating for the ball-shaped base is applied to the flange. The relative rotational sliding between the annular end surface of the large-diameter side of the spherical belt-shaped seal body and the flange member is formed on the surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate formed by being properly transferred to the flange surface. Therefore, the annular end surface on the large diameter side does not cause stick-slip phenomenon, and the surface of the flange member caused by the stick-slip phenomenon and the large-diameter side end face Since there is no frictional noise on the sliding surface with the annular end surface, there is no discomfort to the driver and the like, and there is no gap between the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the ball-shaped seal body and the flange member. The sealing performance is not reduced.

  In the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface in the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention, the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is preferably dotted with an area ratio of 5 to 40%. .

  If the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical band base is less than 5% in the annular end surface on the large diameter side, the amount of the surface made of the heat-resistant material exposed to the annular end surface increases, and the surface is transferred to the surface of the flange member. Since the amount of the heat-resistant material to be increased, a stick-slip phenomenon is often generated when the heat-resistant material film transferred to the surface of the flange member shifts to sliding rotation between the annular end surface, and the stick-slip phenomenon occurs. There is a risk of generating abnormal frictional noise due to the slip phenomenon, and when the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate exceeds 40% in the annular end surface on the large diameter side, the annular end surface is exposed. The ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material increases too much, and the sliding rotation of the metal between the reinforcing material made of the metal mesh and the flange member made of metal not only generates the metal sliding noise but also the annular shape of the ball-shaped substrate. End face and flange There is a possibility that impairs the seal between the surfaces.

  Also, on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate, it is preferable that the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is dotted and exposed with an area ratio of 5 to 40% of the surface.

  In the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention, the outer layer integrally formed on the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate is formed by compressing an outer layer heat-resistant material containing expanded graphite and an outer layer reinforcing material made of a wire mesh. The outer layer reinforcing material is meshed with the outer layer heat-resistant material and the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is a surface made of the outer-layer reinforcing material. And a surface made of a heat-resistant material for the outer layer may be formed on a smooth surface, and the outer layer integrally formed on the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical base is for the outer layer containing expanded graphite. The heat-resistant material, the solid lubricant, and the reinforcing material for the outer layer made of a wire mesh are compressed, and the wire mesh of the reinforcing material for the outer layer is filled with the solid lubricant and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer. And a heat-resistant material and an outer layer reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is an outer layer. Surface made of reinforcing material and the surface constituted by the solid lubricant may be formed into a smooth surface which is mixed.

  As a solid lubricant, a preferable example is a lubricant composed of a lubricating composition containing 23 to 57% by mass of hexagonal boron nitride, 5 to 15% by mass of alumina hydrate, and 33 to 67% by mass of tetrafluororesin. it can.

  In the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention, the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer may contain a phosphate as an oxidation inhibitor in a ratio of 1.0 to 16.0% by mass. Moreover, you may contain 1.0-16.0 mass% of phosphates and 0.05-5.0 mass% of phosphoric acid as an oxidation inhibitor.

  A heat-resistant material containing phosphate or phosphate and phosphoric acid and expanded graphite as an oxidation inhibitor can improve the heat resistance and oxidation resistance of the ball-shaped seal body itself, and the high-temperature region of the ball-shaped seal body This enables a more preferable use.

The spherical inner surface defined by the cylindrical inner surface, the partially convex spherical surface, and the annular end surfaces on the large diameter side and the small diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface, and the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt substrate are integrally formed. The manufacturing method of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body by this invention provided with an outer layer prepares the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped base | substrate which consists of an expanded graphite sheet whose density (alpha) is 0.3-0.9 Mg / m < ³ >. And (b) inserting the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate between the two layers of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh obtained by weaving or knitting a thin metal wire, and inserting the heat-resistant material. Pressurize the reinforcing material in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, densely fill the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate with the mesh of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate, and expose a part of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate. And press-fit each other so that the reinforcing material is embedded in the heat-resistant material. A surface in which a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-like substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-like substrate are flush with the heat material and the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-like substrate, and the reinforcement Forming a flat composite sheet material having portions that are not filled with a heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate on both sides of the material, and (c) forming the flat composite sheet material in a cylindrical shape several times A step of winding to form a cylindrical base material, (d) a step of preparing a heat-resistant material for an outer layer made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density α of 1.0 to 1.5 Mg / m ³ , and (e) a metal Prepare a reinforcing material for the outer layer with two layers of wire mesh obtained by weaving or knitting fine wires, insert a heat resistant material for the outer layer between the two layers of this reinforcing material, and insert the heat resistant material The outer layer reinforcement is pressed in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, and the outer layer reinforcement mesh is used for the outer layer. Filling the heat-resistant material to form a flat outer-layer forming member having a surface made of a surface made of a reinforcing material for the outer layer and a surface made of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer, and (f) the cylinder; Winding the outer layer forming member on the outer peripheral surface of the shaped base material to form a preliminary cylindrical molded body; and (g) inserting the preliminary cylindrical molded body into the core outer peripheral surface of the mold, and inserting the core into the mold And a step of compressing and molding the preliminary cylindrical molded body in the core axial direction in the mold, and the spherical belt-shaped substrate includes a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a metal mesh, and the reinforcing material of the reinforcing material. A heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate filled with a mesh of a metal mesh and mixed with and integrated with the reinforcing material and containing compressed expanded graphite. An annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the spherical surface includes a surface made of a heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the heat-resistant material. And a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate. The spherical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface are mixed and integrated, and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is the cylindrical inner surface and a portion of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the convex spherical surface is interspersed with the surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical base, and the outer layer is for an outer layer made of a heat-resistant material for an outer layer containing expanded graphite and a wire mesh. The reinforcing material is compressed and the outer layer reinforcing material wire mesh is filled with the outer layer heat-resistant material and the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is used for the outer layer. It is formed on a smooth surface with a surface composed of a reinforcing material and a surface composed of a heat-resistant material for the outer layer. That.

  According to the method for manufacturing a spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention, a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate containing expanded graphite for the spherical belt-shaped substrate on the cylindrical inner surface and the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface. And the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are flush with each other, and the surfaces made of the reinforcing material made flush with each other are scattered and exposed to the surface made of the heat-resistant material. Since the sealing body can be manufactured, there is no excessive transfer of the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate to the surface of the flange member as the counterpart material, and the surface of the flange member is always a surface made of a reinforcing material. Since the large-diameter annular end surface is slid and rotated on the large-diameter annular end surface that is scattered and exposed with respect to the surface made of, the stick-slip phenomenon does not occur between the large-diameter side annular end surface and the flange member. Surface and large diameter of the flange member due to the phenomenon It can be obtained with the annular end face without generating spherical annular seal member abnormal frictional noise in the sliding surface of the.

  In the annular end surface on the large diameter side, the exposed area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is preferably 5 to 40%, and this area ratio is flat in the step (b) of the manufacturing method. In the sheet-like composite sheet material, it can be adjusted by changing the width of the part not filled with the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate. FIG. 31 shows the width (mm) of the portion not filled with the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate formed on one side (ear portion) of the flat composite sheet material having a width of 48 ± 1.2 mm and the large diameter of the ball-shaped substrate. It is the graph which obtained the relationship of the area ratio which the surface which consists of a reinforcing material interspersed in the cyclic | annular end surface on the side, and was exposed based on experiment.

  In the step (e) of the manufacturing method, an outer layer forming member including a coating layer of a solid lubricant can be obtained. That is, by inserting a heat-resistant material for an outer layer having a coating layer of a solid lubricant on one surface between two layers made of a wire mesh of a reinforcing material for an outer layer, and performing the following step (e), And forming a flat outer layer forming member that is exposed by mixing the surface made of the reinforcing material for the outer layer and the surface made of the coating layer of the solid lubricant, and using the outer layer forming member, step (f) and (g )), The outer layer is compressed with the outer layer heat-resistant material containing expanded graphite, the solid lubricant, and the outer layer reinforcing material composed of the wire mesh, and the outer layer reinforcing material mesh is compressed into the solid lubricant and The outer layer heat-resistant material is filled and the solid lubricant and the outer layer heat-resistant material and the outer layer reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is a surface made of the outer layer reinforcing material and A spherical belt formed on a smooth surface with a solid lubricant surface. It can be obtained Le body.

  According to the present invention, in the state where the integrity is lost between the cylindrical inner surface of the ball-shaped seal body and the outer surface of one end portion of the exhaust pipe on which the ball-shaped seal body is disposed, And a force in the shearing direction is inputted, and the exhaust pipe rotates around the pipe axis on the inner surface of the cylinder of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body, and the flange member fixed to the exhaust pipe also rotates accordingly. Even if relative rotational sliding occurs between the annular end surface on the large diameter side and the flange member in contact with the annular end surface, the annular end surface on the large diameter side has a heat resistance for a spherical band-shaped substrate containing expanded graphite. In addition to the surface made of the material, the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of the metal mesh is scattered and exposed, so that the excessive transfer of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate to the surface of the flange member is A heat-resistant material coating for the appropriate spherical belt-like substrate can be formed on the surface of the flange member. In addition, the relative rotational sliding between the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body and the flange member is formed by appropriately transferring the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate to the flange surface. Therefore, the large-diameter annular end surface does not cause stick-slip phenomenon, and the sliding between the surface of the flange member and the large-diameter-side annular end surface due to the stick-slip phenomenon does not occur. Since there is no occurrence of abnormal frictional noise on the moving surface, there is no discomfort to the driver, etc., and the sealing performance between the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the ball-shaped seal body and the flange member is reduced. It is possible to provide a spherical belt-shaped sealing body that is not allowed to be produced and a method for manufacturing the same.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory view of a ball-shaped seal body manufactured in an example of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of the ball-shaped seal body shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of another spherical belt-shaped sealing body manufactured in an example of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of the ball-shaped seal body shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective explanatory view of a heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped base in the process of manufacturing the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory plan view of a mesh of a reinforcing material mesh. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a front explanatory view of a roller having a plurality of annular grooves in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows that a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-like substrate is inserted into a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a cylindrical braided wire net in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. 7, and the reinforcing material is deformed into a flat shape. It is sectional explanatory drawing of the state by which the heat-resistant material was located in the reinforcing material deform | transformed into flat shape with it. FIG. 10 shows that a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate is inserted into a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a cylindrical braided wire net in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. 7, and the reinforcing material is deformed into a flat shape. It is perspective explanatory drawing of the state by which the heat-resistant material was located in the reinforcement material deform | transformed into flat shape with it. 11 shows a state in which the heat-resistant material positioned in the flattened reinforcing material in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. 7 is pressed by a roller having a plurality of annular grooves and a cylindrical roller. It is explanatory drawing of. FIG. 12 shows a heat-resistant material positioned in a flattened reinforcing material in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. 7, and is pressed by a roller having a plurality of annular grooves and a cylindrical roller. It is explanatory drawing of the state which exists. In FIG. 13, the heat-resistant material positioned in the reinforcing material deformed into a flat shape in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. 7 is pressed by a roller having a plurality of annular grooves and a cylindrical roller. It is explanatory drawing of a back state. FIG. 14 shows a heat resistant material positioned in the flattened reinforcing material in the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. 7 and pressed with a roller having a plurality of annular grooves and a cylindrical roller. It is explanatory drawing of the state currently pressurized with a pair of cylindrical roller. FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a composite sheet material manufactured through the manufacturing process of the composite sheet material shown in FIG. FIG. 16 is an explanatory plan view of a cylindrical base material in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cylindrical base material shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective explanatory view of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing process of the flat outer layer forming member in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of a method for forming the outer layer forming member in the manufacturing process of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a method for forming an outer layer forming member using the outer layer heat-resistant material shown in FIG. 18 in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a heat-resistant material for an outer layer provided with a coating layer of a solid lubricant in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 23 is an explanatory view of a method for forming an outer layer forming member using the outer layer heat-resistant material shown in FIG. 22 in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of an outer layer forming member formed using the outer layer heat-resistant material shown in FIG. 22 in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 25 is an explanatory view of a belt-like wire mesh in the manufacturing process of the spherical belt-like sealing body of the present invention. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of another method for forming the outer layer forming member using the outer layer heat-resistant material shown in FIG. 18 in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 27 is an explanatory view of another method for forming the outer layer forming member using the outer layer heat-resistant material shown in FIG. 18 in the manufacturing process of the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 28 is an explanatory plan view of a preliminary cylindrical molded body in the manufacturing process of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a state in which a pre-cylindrical molded body is arranged in a mold in the manufacturing process of the spherical belt shaped sealing body of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an exhaust pipe spherical joint incorporating the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of another exhaust pipe spherical joint incorporating the ball-shaped seal body of the present invention. FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram of an exhaust system of an automobile engine. FIG. 33 shows the ratio of the area where the surface made of the reinforcing material is scattered and exposed in the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface portion of the spherical base and the width of the portion not filled with the heat-resistant material of the composite sheet material. It is a graph which shows a relationship.

  Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on an example of a preferred embodiment shown in the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  The constituent material in the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention and the manufacturing method of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body will be described.

<About heat-resistant material I and its manufacturing method>
While stirring concentrated sulfuric acid having a concentration of 98%, a 60% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is added as an oxidizing agent to make a reaction solution. The reaction solution is cooled and maintained at a temperature of 10 ° C., and scale-like natural graphite powder having a particle size of 30 to 80 mesh is added to the reaction solution and reacted for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the acid-treated graphite powder is separated by suction filtration, and the washing operation of stirring the acid-treated graphite powder with water for 10 minutes and suction-filtering is repeated twice to sufficiently remove the sulfuric acid content from the acid-treated graphite powder. . Next, the acid-treated graphite powder from which sulfuric acid has been sufficiently removed is dried in a drying furnace to obtain an acid-treated graphite powder.

  The above-mentioned acid-treated graphite powder is heated (expanded) at a temperature of 950 to 1200 ° C. for 1 to 10 seconds to generate decomposition gas, and expanded between graphite layers by the gas pressure (expansion magnification). 240 to 300 times). The expanded graphite particles are supplied to a double roller apparatus adjusted to a desired roll gap and roll-molded to produce an expanded graphite sheet having a desired thickness. This expanded graphite sheet is used as a heat resistant material I.

<Heat-resistant material II and production method thereof>
While stirring the acid-treated graphite powder obtained by the same method as the above-mentioned acid-treated graphite powder, the acid-treated graphite powder has a phosphate concentration of, for example, 50% concentration of primary aluminum phosphate [Al (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₃ ]. A solution obtained by diluting an aqueous solution with methanol is blended in a spray form, and stirred uniformly to prepare a wettable mixture. The wettable mixture is dried in a drying oven. Next, the dried mixture was heated (expanded) at a temperature of 950 to 1200 ° C. for 1 to 10 seconds to generate decomposition gas, and expanded graphite particles (expansion ratio 240) were expanded by expanding the graphite layer by the gas pressure. ~ 300 times). In this expansion treatment step, water in the structural formula is released from the primary aluminum phosphate. The expanded graphite particles are supplied to a double roller apparatus adjusted to a desired roll gap and roll-molded to produce an expanded graphite sheet having a desired thickness. This expanded graphite sheet is used as a heat-resistant material II.

<About heat-resistant material III and its manufacturing method>
While stirring the acid-treated graphite powder obtained by the same method as the acid-treated graphite powder, the acid-treated graphite powder is used as a phosphate, for example, as a first aluminum phosphate aqueous solution having a concentration of 50% and phosphoric acid, for example, having a concentration of 84%. A solution obtained by diluting an aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid (H ₃ PO ₄ ) with methanol is blended in a spray form, and stirred uniformly to prepare a wettable mixture. The wettable mixture is dried in a drying oven. Next, the dried mixture was heated (expanded) at a temperature of 950 to 1200 ° C. for 1 to 10 seconds to generate decomposition gas, and expanded graphite particles (expansion ratio 240) were expanded by expanding the graphite layer by the gas pressure. ~ 300 times). In this expansion treatment step, water in the structural formula of primary aluminum phosphate is eliminated, and orthophosphoric acid generates a dehydration reaction to generate phosphorus pentoxide. The expanded graphite particles are supplied to a double roller apparatus adjusted to a desired roll gap and roll-molded to produce an expanded graphite sheet having a desired thickness. This expanded graphite sheet is used as a heat-resistant material III.

The heat-resistant material II thus prepared preferably contains 1.0 to 16.0% by mass of primary aluminum phosphate, and the heat-resistant material III contains 1.0 to 1% of primary aluminum phosphate. It is preferable that 16.0% by mass and 0.05 to 5.0% by mass of phosphorus pentoxide are contained. The expanded graphite containing phosphate or phosphate and phosphorus pentoxide improves the heat resistance of the expanded graphite itself and imparts an oxidation inhibiting action. For example, it is used in a high temperature range exceeding 600 ° C. to 600 ° C. Is possible. Here, as the phosphate, in addition to the primary aluminum phosphate, primary lithium phosphate (LiH ₂ PO ₄ ), secondary lithium phosphate (Li ₂ H ₂ PO ₄ ), primary calcium phosphate [Ca (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₂ ], dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO ₄ ), dibasic aluminum phosphate [Al ₂ (HPO ₄ ) ₃ ] and the like can be used. As the phosphoric acid, in addition to the orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid ( HPO ₃ ), polyphosphoric acid and the like can be used.

In the heat resistant material I, the heat resistant material II, and the heat resistant material III, the density α of the heat resistant material I, the heat resistant material II, and the heat resistant material III used for the outer layer is 1.0 to 1.5 Mg / m ³ , preferably 1. A heat-resistant material having a thickness of 0.3 to 1.2 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 0.30 to 0.40 mm is preferably used. III is a density 0.3 to 0.6 times the density of the heat-resistant material used for the outer layer in the production of the ball-shaped seal body, that is, 0.3 to 0.9 Mg / m ³ , preferably 0 A heat-resistant material having a density of .3-0.6 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 1.0-1.5 mm is preferably used.

<About reinforcing material>
The reinforcing material is austenitic SUS304, SUS310S, SUS316, ferritic SUS430, iron wire (JISG3532) or galvanized steel wire (JISG3547), or copper-copper-nickel alloy (white copper) wire. A woven wire mesh or a braided wire mesh formed by weaving or knitting one or more fine metal wires made of copper-nickel-zinc alloy (white) wire, brass wire, or beryllium copper wire It is preferably used.

  In the fine metal wire forming the wire mesh, a wire diameter of about 0.28 to 0.32 mm is used, and the mesh width of the wire mesh for the ball-shaped substrate formed of the fine metal wire of the wire diameter (showing the braided wire mesh) 6) is preferably about 4 to 6 mm in length and about 3 to 5 mm in width, and the mesh width of the metal mesh for the outer layer formed by the fine metal wire having the diameter is 2. The thing of about 5-3.5 mm and a width of about 1.5-2.5 mm is used suitably.

<About solid lubricant>
The solid lubricant is suitable for use in the outer layer of the ball-shaped seal body in order to improve the slidability, and the solid lubricant is hexagonal boron nitride (hereinafter abbreviated as “h-BN”) 23. As a preferred example, a lubricating composition containing ˜57 mass%, alumina hydrate 5 to 15 mass%, and tetrafluoroethylene resin (hereinafter abbreviated as “PTFE”) 33 to 67 mass% can be exemplified.

  In the production process of solid lubricant, h-BN powder and PTFE powder are added to alumina sol having a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 2 to 3 in which alumina hydrate particles containing acid as a dispersion medium are dispersed. Dispersion-containing aqueous dispersion comprising a lubricating composition comprising h-BN powder 23 to 57 mass%, PTFE powder 33 to 67 mass% and alumina hydrate 5 to 15 mass% in a solid content of 30 to 50 mass It may be used in the form of an aqueous dispersion containing% dispersion. The h-BN and PTFE forming the aqueous dispersion are preferably as fine powder as possible, and these are preferably used as fine powder having an average particle size of 10 μm or less, more preferably 0.5 μm or less. .

  The acid contained in the water as the dispersion medium of the alumina sol in the aqueous dispersion acts as a peptizer for stabilizing the alumina sol. Examples of the acid include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and amidosulfuric acid, and nitric acid is particularly preferable.

The alumina hydrate forming the alumina sol in the aqueous dispersion is a compound represented by the composition formula Al ₂ O ₃ .nH ₂ O (0 <n <3 in the composition formula). In the composition formula, n is usually a number exceeding 0 (zero) and less than 3, preferably 0.5 to 2, and more preferably about 0.7 to 1.5. The alumina hydrate, for example, boehmite _{(Al 2} O 3 · _H 2 O) and diaspore _{(Al 2} O 3 · _H 2 O) alumina monohydrate such as (aluminum hydroxide oxide), gibbsite _(Al 2 O ₃ · _3H 2 O) and bayerite _{(Al 2 O 3 · 3H 2} O) alumina trihydrate, such as, such as pseudo-boehmite and the like.

  Next, a method for manufacturing a spherical belt-shaped sealing body made of the above-described constituent materials will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First step) A heat-resistant material 1 for a spherical band-shaped substrate made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density of 0.3 to 0.9 Mg / m ³ , preferably 0.3 to 0.6 Mg / m ³ is prepared (FIG. 5).

  (Second step) The mesh width obtained by continuously knitting fine metal wires having a wire diameter of 0.28 to 0.32 mm with a knitting machine (not shown) is 4 to 6 mm in length and 3 to 5 mm in width (FIG. 6). The length (width) smaller than the length of the diameter (inner diameter) of the cylindrical braided wire mesh (see FIG. 25) inside the reinforcing material 2 for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of the cylindrical braided wire mesh The heat-resistant material 1 for the sphere-shaped substrate formed in the above is continuously inserted, and the reinforcing material 2 into which the heat-resistant material 1 is inserted is inserted into the cylindrical roller 3 having a smooth cylindrical outer peripheral surface from the insertion start end along the axial direction. Is supplied to a gap Δ1 between the roller 5 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface having a plurality of annular grooves 4 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) and pressed in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material 1 ( 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13) and yet another pair of smooth cylindrical outer peripheral surfaces Supply to the gap Δ2 between the cylindrical rollers 6 and 7 and apply pressure (see FIGS. 7 and 14), and densely fill the heat-resistant material 1 for the ball-shaped substrate with the mesh of the reinforcing material 2 for the ball-shaped substrate. At the same time, a part of the reinforcing material 2 for the sphere-shaped base is exposed together with the surface 8 made of the heat-resistant material 1 and the other parts are pressure-bonded so as to be embedded in the refractory material 1. The surface 8 made of the base material and the surface 9 made of the reinforcing material 2 for the ball-shaped base are formed to be flush with each other, and the surface 8 made of the heat-resistant material 1 and the surface 9 made of the reinforcing material 2 are exposed to be flush with each other. A flat composite sheet material 11 (see FIG. 15) having both surfaces 10 and 10 not filled with the heat-resistant material 1 on both sides in the width direction of the reinforcing material 2 is formed.

  A gap Δ1 between the cylindrical roller 3 and the roller 5 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface having a plurality of annular grooves 4 along the axial direction is set in a range of 0.35 to 0.60 mm. The gap Δ2 between the pair of cylindrical rollers 6 and 7 is preferably set in the range of 0.45 to 0.65 mm.

  On one surface 12 of the flat composite sheet material 11 obtained in the second step, the surface 9 made of the reinforcing material 2 for the ball-shaped substrate exposed together with the surface 8 made of the heat-resistant material 1 for the ball-shaped substrate. The area ratio is preferably 5 to 40% of the area of the one surface 12 of the composite sheet material 11.

(Third Step) The flat composite sheet material 11 is wound into a cylindrical shape several times to form a tubular base material 13 (see FIGS. 16 and 17). In this cylindrical base material 13, portions 10 and 10 that are not filled with the heat-resistant material 1 for the spherical band base body are positioned on the upper and lower sides of the cylindrical shape.

(Fourth step) A heat-resistant material 14 for an outer layer made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density α of 1.0 to 1.5 Mg / m ³ , preferably 1.0 to 1.2 Mg / m ³ and a thickness (FIG. 18). The heat-resistant material 14 is cut into a length that allows the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material 13 to be wound once.

(Fifth process)
<Outer layer forming member I and manufacturing method thereof>
The mesh width formed by knitting a thin metal wire having a wire diameter of 0.28 to 0.32 mm into a cylindrical shape has a length of about 2.5 to 3.5 mm and a width of about 1.5 to 1.5 mm (see FIG. 6). An outer layer formed in a length (width) smaller than the diameter (inner diameter) of the cylindrical braided wire mesh inside two layers of the outer layer reinforcing material 15 made of a cylindrical braided wire mesh (see FIG. 25). The heat-resistant material 14 is inserted continuously, and the reinforcing material 15 into which the heat-resistant material 14 is inserted is supplied from the insertion start end to the gap Δ3 between the pair of cylindrical rollers 16 and 17 having a smooth outer peripheral surface. 14 is pressed in the thickness direction (see FIGS. 19 and 20), the outer layer heat-resistant material 14 is densely filled in the mesh of the outer layer reinforcing material 15, and a part 18 of the reinforcing material 15 is heat-resistant. It is exposed together with the surface 19 made of the material 14, and the other part is embedded in the heat-resistant material 14. Crimp to form a reinforcing member 15 face the outer layer of the heat-resistant material 14 faces and is mixed flat outer layer forming member was exposed 20 consisting of consisting of a layer (see FIG. 21) to the surface.

<Outer layer forming member II and manufacturing method thereof>
Aqueous disperse containing h-BN powder and PTFE powder dispersed in an alumina sol having a hydrogen ion concentration of 2 to 3 dispersed in water as a dispersion medium containing nitric acid acting as a peptizer An aqueous dispersion comprising 30 to 50% by mass of a lubricating composition containing 23 to 57% by mass of h-BN, 33 to 67% by mass of PTFE and 5 to 15% by mass of alumina hydrate as a solid content. prepare.

  A heat-resistant material 14 for the outer layer is separately prepared, and a lubricating composition containing h-BN 23-57 mass%, PTFE 33-67 mass%, and alumina hydrate 5-15 mass% on one surface 21 of the heat-resistant material 14 Is applied by means of brushing, roller coating or spraying, and dried to form a coating layer 22 made of a lubricating composition (see FIG. 22). ).

  Similarly to the outer layer forming member I, the mesh width formed by knitting a thin metal wire having a wire diameter of 0.28 to 0.32 mm into a cylindrical shape has a length of 2.5 to 3.5 mm and a width of 1.5 to 1 Inside the two layers of the outer layer reinforcing material 15 made of a cylindrical braided wire mesh (see FIG. 25) of about 5 mm (see FIG. 6), it is smaller than the length of the diameter (inner diameter) of the cylindrical braided wire mesh. The outer layer heat-resistant material 14 provided with the solid lubricant coating layer 22 formed in length (width) is continuously inserted, and the reinforcing material 15 into which the heat-resistant material 14 is inserted is smooth from the insertion start end to the outer peripheral surface. Is supplied to a gap Δ3 between a pair of cylindrical rollers 16 and 17 and pressed in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material 14 (see FIGS. 19 and 23) to be integrated. Heat-resistant material 14 for outer layer and coating of solid lubricant formed on surface 21 of heat-resistant material 14 in the mesh 22 and filled with a surface 24 consisting of the surface 23 and the solid lubricant consisting of the reinforcing member 15 for the outer layer to form a flat outer layer forming member 20a exposed mixed on the surface (see FIG. 24).

  The outer layer forming member II may be formed by other methods as shown in FIGS. That is, a cylindrical braid having a mesh width of about 2.5 to 3.5 mm in length and about 1.5 to 2.5 mm in width formed by knitting thin metal wires having a wire diameter of 0.28 to 0.32 mm in a cylindrical shape. A band-shaped wire mesh 27 having a predetermined width is produced by passing the wire mesh between the pair of rollers 25 and 26, and an outer layer reinforcing material 15 obtained by cutting the band-shaped wire mesh 27 into a predetermined length is prepared (see FIG. 25). An outer layer heat-resistant material 14 having a solid lubricant coating layer 22 on one surface 21 is inserted into the outer layer reinforcing material 15 made of the belt-shaped wire mesh 27 as two layers, and these are paired with each other. It is supplied to the gap between the rollers 28 and 29, and is pressed and integrated in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material 14, and is formed on the surface of the heat-resistant material 14 and the heat-resistant material 14 in the mesh of the reinforcing mesh 15 for the outer layer. The outer layer forming member 20a having a flat shape in which the surface 23 made of the reinforcing material 15 for the outer layer and the surface 24 made of the solid lubricant are mixed and exposed on the surface is filled with the coating layer 22 of the solid lubricant. 24) may be formed.

  (Sixth Step) The outer layer forming member 20 obtained in this way is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material 13 to produce a preliminary cylindrical molded body 30 as shown in FIG. 28, or the outer layer forming member 20a is The pre-cylindrical molded body 30a is manufactured by winding the solid lubricant covering layer 22 on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material 13 outside.

  (Seventh step) The inner surface includes a cylindrical wall surface 31, a partially concave spherical wall surface 32 continuous to the cylindrical wall surface 31, and a through hole 33 continuous to the partially concave spherical wall surface 32, and the stepped core 34 is fitted into the through hole 33. Thus, a die 37 as shown in FIG. 29 in which a hollow cylindrical portion 35 and a spherical belt-like hollow portion 36 connected to the hollow cylindrical portion 35 are formed is prepared, and preliminary cylindrical molding is performed on the stepped core 34 of the die 37. Insert body 30 or 30a.

The pre-cylindrical molded body 30 or 30a disposed in the hollow cylindrical portion 35 and the spherical belt-shaped hollow portion 36 of the mold 37 is compression molded at a pressure of 98 to 294 N / mm ² (1 to 3 ton / cm ² ) in the core axis direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a through hole 38 is provided at the center, and the cylindrical inner surface 39, the partially convex spherical surface 40, the annular end surface 41 on the large diameter side and the small diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface 40, and The ball-shaped seal body 45 or 45 a is prepared, which includes the ball-shaped base 43 defined by the reference numeral 42 and the outer layer 44 integrally formed on the partially convex spherical surface 40 of the ball-shaped base 43.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ball-shaped seal body 45 manufactured using the pre-cylindrical molded body 30 has a reinforcing member 2 for a spherical band-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh and a mesh of the mesh of the reinforcing material 2. A ball-shaped base 43 comprising a heat-resistant material 1 for a ball-shaped substrate that is filled and integrated with the reinforcing material 2 and contains compressed expanded graphite is a heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate. 1 and the reinforcing member 2 for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are compressed to be intertwined with each other to have structural integrity, and the exposed cylindrical inner surface 39 of the spherical belt-shaped substrate 43 and the annular end surface on the large diameter side 41 includes a surface 46 made of the heat-resistant material 1 for the sphere-shaped substrate, and a surface 47 which is flush with the surface 46 and made of the reinforcing material 2 for the sphere-shaped substrate. Is mixed and integrated in the cylindrical inner surface 39 and the annular end surface 41. The surface 47 is scattered with respect to the surface 46 in the cylindrical inner surface 39 and the annular end surface 41, and the outer layer 44 is an outer layer heat-resistant material 14 containing expanded graphite and an outer layer reinforcing material made of a wire mesh. 15 is compressed and the mesh of the reinforcing material 15 is filled with the heat-resistant material 14 so that the heat-resistant material 14 and the reinforcing material 15 are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface 48 of the outer layer 44 is for the outer layer. The surface 49 made of the reinforcing material 15 and the surface 50 made of the heat-resistant material 14 for the outer layer are formed on a smooth surface 51.

  Further, in the spherical belt-shaped sealing body 45a produced using the preliminary cylindrical molded body 30a, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the reinforcing material 2 for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a metal mesh and the wire mesh of the reinforcing material 2 are used. A spherical belt-shaped substrate 43 having a mesh and heat-resistant material 1 for a spherical belt-shaped substrate including expanded graphite that is mixed and integrated with the reinforcing material 2 and compressed is used for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The heat-resistant material 1 and the reinforcing material 2 for the ball-shaped substrate are compressed and entangled with each other to have structural integrity, and the cylindrical inner surface 39 and the large-diameter side of the exposed ball-shaped substrate 43 are arranged. The annular end surface 41 includes a surface 46 made of the heat-resistant material 1 for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface 47 that is flush with the surface 46 and made of the reinforcing material 2 for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The surface 47 is the cylindrical inner surface 39 and the annular end surface 41. The surface 47 is scattered with respect to the surface 46 at the cylindrical inner surface 39 and the annular end surface 41, and the outer layer 44 is composed of the heat-resistant material 14 for the outer layer containing expanded graphite and the coating layer 22. The solid lubricant 52 made of the lubricating composition and the reinforcing material 15 for the outer layer made of a wire mesh are compressed, and the solid mesh 52 and the heat-resistant material 14 are filled into the mesh of the wire mesh of the reinforcing material 15 so that the solid lubricant 52 is filled. In addition, the heat-resistant material 14 and the reinforcing material 15 are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface 48 of the outer layer 44 is a smooth surface in which the surface 49 made of the reinforcing material 15 for the outer layer and the surface 53 made of the solid lubricant 52 are mixed. A flat surface 54 is formed.

  In the spherical belt-shaped sealing bodies 45 and 45 a, the area ratio of the surface 47 made of the reinforcing material 2 for the spherical belt-shaped substrate on the cylindrical inner surface 39 of the spherical belt-shaped substrate 43 is equal to the spherical belt-shaped substrate on one surface 12 of the composite sheet material 11. 5 to 40%, which is the area ratio at which the surface 9 made of the reinforcing material 2 for exposure is exposed, and the surface made of the reinforcing material 2 for the spherical base at the annular end surface 41 on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface 40 The area ratio 47 is adjusted by adjusting the width of the portion 10 that is not filled with the heat-resistant material 1 for the ball-shaped substrate formed on both sides of the reinforcing material 2 made of the metal wire for the ball-shaped substrate that forms the composite sheet material 11. , 5 to 40% can be appropriately adjusted.

  The spherical belt-like seal body 45 or 45a is used by being incorporated in the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. 30 or FIG. That is, in the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. 30, a casting flange 200 is erected on the outer peripheral surface of the upstream exhaust pipe 100 connected to the engine side, leaving the pipe end portion 101. A spherical belt-like seal body 45 or 45 a is fitted to the portion 101 at a cylindrical inner surface 39 that defines the through hole 38, and the spherical belt-like seal body 45 or 45 a abuts against the flange 200 at the annular end surface 41 on the large diameter side. The downstream exhaust pipe 300 that is disposed and opposed to the upstream exhaust pipe 100 and that is connected to the muffler side has a concave spherical portion 302 and a flange connected to the concave spherical portion 302. The enlarged diameter portion 301 integrally provided with the portion 303 is fixed, and the inner surface 304 of the concave spherical surface portion 302 is made of the reinforcing material 15 on the outer surface 48 of the outer layer 44 of the ball-shaped seal body 45 or 45a. A smooth surface 51 in which the surface 49 made of the heat-resistant material 14 for the outer layer is mixed, or a smooth surface 54 in which the surface 49 made of the reinforcing material 15 and the surface 53 made of the solid lubricant 52 are mixed. It is in slidable contact.

  FIG. 31 shows a bulge process on the upstream exhaust pipe 100 in place of the casting flange 200 erected on the outer peripheral surface of the upstream side exhaust pipe 100 in the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. The exhaust pipe spherical joint is provided with a flange comprising a sheet metal flange 200 formed by applying the flange 200 and a flange 200a disposed in contact with the flange 200 and orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface of the upstream exhaust pipe 100. The other configuration is the same as that of the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG.

  In the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. 30 or FIG. 31, one end is fixed to the flange 200 or 200a, and the other end is inserted through the flange portion 303 of the enlarged diameter portion 301, and a pair of bolts 400 and a large number of bolts 400 are arranged. A spring force is always applied to the downstream exhaust pipe 300 in the direction of the upstream exhaust pipe 100 by the pair of coil springs 500 disposed between the head and the flange portion 303. The exhaust pipe spherical joint has a smooth surface 51 or 54 on the outer surface of the ball-shaped seal body 45 or 45a and the downstream exhaust pipe 300 with respect to relative angular displacement occurring in the upper and downstream exhaust pipes 100 and 300. This is configured so as to allow this by sliding contact with the inner surface 304 of the concave spherical surface portion 302 of the enlarged diameter portion 301 formed at the end portion.

Example 1
An expanded graphite sheet (heat-resistant material I) having a density of 0.3 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 1.35 mm was prepared as a heat-resistant material for the spherical band-shaped substrate.

  As a reinforcing material for a spherical band substrate, a single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) having a wire diameter of 0.28 mm is used to continuously knit a cylindrical braided wire mesh having a mesh width of 4 mm and a width of 5 mm. A heat resistant material for the spherical belt-like substrate is continuously inserted into the inner surface as two layers of the cylindrical braided wire mesh, and a reinforcing material inserted with the heat resistant material from the insertion start end of the heat resistant material is connected to the cylindrical roller and the outer periphery. Supplyed to a gap (gap Δ1 is 0.50 mm) with a roller having a plurality of annular grooves along the surface in the axial direction, and pressurized in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material. Supply to the gap between the cylindrical rollers (gap Δ2 is 0.45 mm), pressurize and tightly fill the sphere-like base material with the heat-resistant material for the sphere-like base, and press the ball. A part of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is contained in the heat-resistant material for the belt-shaped substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate are formed to be flush with each other so as to be exposed on the surface of the heat-resistant material and to embed other parts. A flat composite sheet material in which a surface made of a heat-resistant material and a surface made of a reinforcing material were scattered and exposed was produced. In this composite sheet material, the area ratio of the surface composed of the reinforcing material exposed together with the surface of the heat-resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material was measured using an image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The percentage was 26.4%. Moreover, the part which is not filled with a heat resistant material produced in the both sides of the width | variety (46.8 mm) direction of the reinforcing material which forms a composite sheet material, and the width | variety of the one side of the part which is not filled with a heat resistant material was 1.9 mm.

  The flat composite sheet material is a surface in which a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material are flush with each other, and a surface made of a heat-resistant material and a surface made of a reinforcing material are exposed A cylindrical base material was formed by winding several times in a cylindrical shape so as to overlap each other.

A single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) having a wire diameter of 0.28 mm, which is the same as the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate, is used as the thin metal wire, and the cylinder has a mesh width of 3.5 mm in length and 2.5 mm in width. For the outer layer comprising an expanded graphite sheet (heat-resistant material I) having a density of 1.12 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 0.38 mm on the inner surface of the cylindrical braided wire mesh as two layers. A heat-resistant material was continuously inserted, and a reinforcing material in which the heat-resistant material was inserted from the insertion start end of the heat-resistant material was used as a gap between a pair of cylindrical rollers having a smooth outer peripheral surface (gap Δ3 was 0.6 mm). ) And pressurizing in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, filling the outer layer of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer with the wire mesh of the reinforcing material for the outer layer and exposing a part of the reinforcing material together with the surface made of the heat-resistant material The flat outer layer forming member thus formed was formed.

  The outer layer forming member was wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material to prepare a preliminary cylindrical molded body. This preliminary cylindrical molded body was inserted into the stepped core of the mold shown in FIG. 28, and the preliminary cylindrical molded body was positioned in the hollow portion of the mold.

A pre-cylindrical molded body placed in the hollow part of the mold is compression-molded with a pressure of 294 N / mm ² (3 ton / cm ² ) in the core axial direction, and has a through-hole in the central part and a cylindrical inner surface and a partially convex spherical shape. A spherical belt-shaped sealing body was obtained comprising a spherical belt-shaped substrate defined by the large-diameter side and small-diameter annular end surfaces of the surface, and an outer layer integrally formed on the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate.

  In the obtained spherical belt-shaped sealing body, the spherical belt-shaped substrate is configured such that the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are compressed and entangled with each other to have structural integrity. At the same time, the cylindrical inner surface and the large-diameter annular end surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate are flush with the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material and the surface made of the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical base and the annular end surface on the large-diameter side. The surface made of the material is scattered with respect to the surface made of the heat-resistant material on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the annular end surface on the large diameter side, and the outer layer is composed of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer and the reinforcing material for the outer layer. The heat-resistant material is filled in the mesh of the reinforcing metal mesh after being compressed. Becomes wood and reinforcing material is mixed integrated outer surface of the outer layer has a surface made of heat-resistant material for the surface and the outer layer of the reinforcing member for the outer layer is formed into a smooth surface which is mixed.

  Image measurement using the image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Co., Ltd. is performed on the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material that is exposed together with the surface made of the heat-resistant material at the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. As a result, it was 23.2%. The area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate is the area ratio (26.4%) where the surface made of the reinforcing material is exposed together with the surface made of the heat resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material. It was confirmed that

Example 2
An expanded graphite sheet (heat-resistant material I) having a density of 0.5 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 1.35 mm was prepared as a heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate.

  As a reinforcing material for a spherical band substrate, a single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) having a wire diameter of 0.28 mm is used to continuously knit a cylindrical braided wire mesh having a mesh width of 4 mm and a width of 5 mm. A heat resistant material for the spherical belt-like substrate is continuously inserted into the inner surface as two layers of the cylindrical braided wire mesh, and a reinforcing material inserted with the heat resistant material from the insertion start end of the heat resistant material is connected to the cylindrical roller and the outer periphery. Supplyed to a gap (gap Δ1 is 0.50 mm) with a roller having a plurality of annular grooves along the surface in the axial direction, and pressurized in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material. Supply to the gap between the cylindrical rollers (gap Δ2 is 0.45 mm), pressurize and tightly fill the sphere-like base material with the heat-resistant material for the sphere-like base, and press the ball. A part of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is contained in the heat-resistant material for the belt-shaped substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate are formed to be flush with each other so as to be exposed on the surface of the heat-resistant material and to embed other parts. A flat composite sheet material in which a surface made of a heat-resistant material and a surface made of a reinforcing material were scattered and exposed was produced. In this composite sheet material, the area ratio of the surface composed of the reinforcing material exposed together with the surface of the heat-resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material was measured using an image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The percentage was 25.7%. Moreover, the part which is not filled with a heat-resistant material was produced in the both sides of the width | variety (47 mm) direction of the reinforcing material which forms a composite sheet material, and the width | variety of the one side of the part which is not filled with a heat-resistant material was 1.7 mm on one side.

  Thereafter, a spherical belt-like sealing body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. In the produced spherical belt-shaped sealing body, the spherical belt-shaped substrate is configured such that the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are compressed and entangled with each other to have structural integrity. The cylindrical inner surface and the large-diameter annular end surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate are flush with the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate, and for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material and the surface made of the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated in the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical base and the annular end surface on the large diameter side, and the outer layer is The outer layer heat-resistant material and the outer-layer reinforcing material are compressed and filled with a heat-resistant material in the reinforcement mesh, and the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer Is a surface made of reinforcing material for the outer layer and a surface made of heat-resistant material for the outer layer There has been formed into a smooth surface which is mixed.

  Image measurement using the image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Co., Ltd. is performed on the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material that is exposed together with the surface made of the heat-resistant material at the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. As a result, it was 20.3%. The area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate is the area ratio (25.7%) where the surface made of the reinforcing material is exposed together with the surface made of the heat resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material. It was confirmed that

Example 3
An expanded graphite sheet (heat-resistant material II) having a density of 0.5 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 1.35 mm and containing 4 mass% of primary aluminum phosphate as a phosphate was prepared as a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-like substrate. .

  As a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate, a single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) with a wire diameter of 0.28 mm is used, and a continuous braided metal mesh with a mesh width of 3.5 mm and a width of 2.5 mm is continuously provided. A reinforcing material in which the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-like substrate is continuously inserted into the inner surface as the two layers of the cylindrical braided wire mesh, and the heat-resistant material is inserted from the insertion start end of the heat-resistant material, Supply to a gap between the cylindrical roller and a roller having a plurality of annular grooves along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface (gap Δ1 is 0.50 mm), pressurize in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, Supply to a gap between another pair of cylindrical rollers (gap Δ2 is 0.45 mm) and pressurize to tightly fill the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate with the mesh of the reinforcing mesh for the ball-shaped substrate. In addition, the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is included in the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate are flush with each other so that a part is exposed on the surface of the heat-resistant material and the other portion is buried. A flat composite sheet material having a surface formed of a heat-resistant material and a surface formed of a reinforcing material was exposed. In this composite sheet material, the area ratio of the surface composed of the reinforcing material exposed together with the surface of the heat-resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material was measured using an image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The percentage was 26.7%. Moreover, the part which is not filled with a heat resistant material was produced in the both sides of the width | variety (48.3 mm) direction of the reinforcing material which forms a composite sheet material, and the width | variety of the one side of the part which is not filled with a heat resistant material was 2.8 mm on one side.

  The flat composite sheet material is a surface in which a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material are flush with each other, and a surface made of a heat-resistant material and a surface made of a reinforcing material are exposed A cylindrical base material was formed by winding several times in a cylindrical shape so as to overlap each other.

A single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) having a wire diameter of 0.28 mm, which is the same as the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate, is used as the thin metal wire, and the cylinder has a mesh width of 3.5 mm in length and 2.5 mm in width. The braided wire mesh is continuously knitted, and the inner surface as the two layers of the cylindrical braided wire mesh has a density of 1.12 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 0.38 mm, and is the same as the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. A pair of cylindrical rollers having a smooth outer peripheral surface, the outer layer heat-resistant material made of expanded graphite sheet (heat-resistant material II) is continuously inserted, and the reinforcing material into which the heat-resistant material is inserted from the insertion start end of the heat-resistant material The gap is supplied to the gap (gap Δ3 is 0.6 mm) and pressed in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, and the outer-layer heat-resistant material is filled into the mesh of the outer-layer reinforcing material and the reinforcement A flat shape with a part of the material exposed along with the heat-resistant surface An outer layer forming member was formed.

  The outer layer forming member was wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material to prepare a preliminary cylindrical molded body. This preliminary cylindrical molded body was inserted into the stepped core of the mold shown in FIG. 28, and the preliminary cylindrical molded body was positioned in the hollow portion of the mold.

  Thereafter, a spherical belt-like sealing body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. In the produced spherical belt-shaped sealing body, the spherical belt-shaped substrate is configured such that the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are compressed and entangled with each other to have structural integrity. The cylindrical inner surface and the large-diameter annular end surface of the spherical belt substrate are flush with the surface made of the heat resistant material for the spherical belt substrate and the surface made of the heat resistant material for the spherical belt substrate, and the spherical belt substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material and the surface made of the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical base and the annular end surface on the large-diameter side, and the outer layer. The heat-resistant material for the outer layer and the reinforcing material for the outer layer are compressed and the mesh of the reinforcing material is filled with the heat-resistant material so that the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated. The surface consists of a surface made of a reinforcing material for the outer layer and a heat-resistant material for the outer layer. Bets are formed into a smooth surface which is mixed.

  Image measurement using the image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Co., Ltd. is performed on the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material that is exposed together with the surface made of the heat-resistant material at the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. As a result, it was 35.9%. The area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate is the area ratio (26.7%) where the surface made of the reinforcing material is exposed together with the surface made of the heat-resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material. It was confirmed that

Example 4
An expanded graphite sheet having a density of 0.5 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 1.40 mm as a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate, and containing 4% by mass of primary aluminum phosphate and 1% by mass of phosphorus pentoxide as a phosphate. (Heat-resistant material III) was prepared.

  As a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate, a single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) with a wire diameter of 0.28 mm is used, and a continuous braided metal mesh with a mesh width of 3.5 mm and a width of 2.5 mm is continuously provided. A reinforcing material in which the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-like substrate is continuously inserted into the inner surface as the two layers of the cylindrical braided wire mesh, and the heat-resistant material is inserted from the insertion start end of the heat-resistant material, Supply to a gap between the cylindrical roller and a roller having a plurality of annular grooves along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface (gap Δ1 is 0.50 mm), pressurize in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, Supply to a gap between another pair of cylindrical rollers (gap Δ2 is 0.45 mm) and pressurize to tightly fill the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate with the mesh of the reinforcing mesh for the ball-shaped substrate. In addition, the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is included in the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate. The surface made of the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped substrate are flush with each other so that a part is exposed on the surface of the heat-resistant material and the other portion is buried. A flat composite sheet material having a surface formed of a heat-resistant material and a surface formed of a reinforcing material was exposed. In this composite sheet material, the area ratio of the surface composed of the reinforcing material exposed together with the surface of the heat-resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material was measured using an image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The percentage was 26.6%. Moreover, the part which is not filled with a heat resistant material was produced in the both sides of the width | variety (48 mm) direction of the reinforcing material which forms a composite sheet material, and the width | variety of the one side of the part which is not filled with a heat resistant material was 1.2 mm on one side.

  The flat composite sheet material is a surface in which a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material are flush with each other, and a surface made of a heat-resistant material and a surface made of a reinforcing material are exposed A cylindrical base material was formed by winding several times in a cylindrical shape so as to overlap each other.

A single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) having a wire diameter of 0.28 mm, which is the same as the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate, is used as the thin metal wire, and the cylinder has a mesh width of 3.5 mm in length and 2.5 mm in width. A braided wire mesh was produced and passed between a pair of rollers to form a belt-like wire mesh, which was used as a reinforcing material for the outer layer. As the heat-resistant material for the outer layer, an expanded graphite sheet (heat-resistant material III) having a density of 1.12 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 0.38 mm and the same as the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate was prepared.

Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in which boehmite (alumina monohydrate: Al ₂ O ₃ .H ₂ O) is dispersed and contained as alumina hydrate in water as a dispersion medium containing nitric acid acting as a peptizer is 2 An aqueous dispersion in which h-BN powder and PTFE powder are dispersed and contained in the alumina sol, which includes h-BN 41.5% by mass, PTFE 50.0% by mass, and boehmite 8.5% by mass. An aqueous dispersion (h-BN 20.7% by mass, PTFE 25.0% by mass and boehmite 4.3% by mass) containing 50% by mass of the lubricating composition as a solid content dispersed on one surface of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer. A solid lubricant coating layer (h-BN 41.5 mass%, PTFE 50.0 mass% and boehmite 8. Wt%) was formed.

  A heat-resistant material having a coating layer of a solid lubricant is inserted into two layers of a belt-like wire mesh that is a reinforcing material for the outer layer, and these are integrated by passing between a pair of rollers. The mesh is filled with a heat-resistant material and a coating layer of a solid lubricant formed on the surface of the heat-resistant material, and a flat surface in which a surface made of a reinforcing material and a surface made of a solid lubricant are mixed and exposed on the surface An outer layer forming member was produced.

  The outer layer forming member was wound on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material with the coating layer on the outside to prepare a preliminary cylindrical molded body. Thereafter, a spherical belt-like sealing body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

  In the produced spherical belt-shaped sealing body, the spherical belt-shaped substrate is configured such that the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are compressed and entangled with each other to have structural integrity. The cylindrical inner surface and the large-diameter annular end surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate are flush with the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and from the reinforcing material. The surface made of the heat-resistant material and the surface made of the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical base and the annular end surface on the large diameter side, and the outer layer is for the outer layer. A heat-resistant material, a solid lubricant made of a lubricating composition containing 41.5% by mass of h-BN, 50.0% by mass of PTFE, and 8.5% by mass of boehmite, and a reinforcing material for an outer layer are compressed to form a reinforcing mesh. The mesh is filled with solid lubricant and heat-resistant material The solid lubricant and heat-resistant material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is formed as a smooth surface in which a surface made of a reinforcing material for the outer layer and a surface made of a solid lubricant are mixed. .

  Image measurement using the image measurement camera CV-5000 manufactured by Keyence Co., Ltd. is performed on the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material that is exposed together with the surface made of the heat-resistant material at the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. As a result, it was 9.5%. The area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate is the area ratio (26.6%) where the surface made of the reinforcing material is exposed together with the surface made of the heat resistant material on one surface of the composite sheet material. It was confirmed that

Comparative Example Using a single austenitic stainless steel wire (SUS304) with a wire diameter of 0.28 mm as a thin metal wire, a cylindrical braided wire mesh having a mesh width of 4 mm and a width of 5 mm was prepared, and this was formed between a pair of rollers. A band-shaped wire mesh was made to pass through, and this was used as a reinforcing material for a spherical band-shaped substrate. As the heat-resistant material, an expanded graphite sheet having a density of 1.12 Mg / m ³ and a thickness of 0.38 mm was used. After winding the refractory material in a spiral shape, stack the reinforcing material for the ball belt-shaped substrate on the inner side of the refractory material, wind it in a spiral shape, and arrange the refractory material on the outermost circumference to make a cylindrical base material did. In this cylindrical base material, both end portions in the width direction of the heat-resistant material protrude (extrude) in the width direction of the reinforcing material for the ball-shaped base.

  A cylindrical braided wire mesh having a mesh width of 3.5 mm and a width of 1.5 mm is produced using a single fine metal wire similar to the reinforcing material for the above-mentioned spherical belt-like substrate, and this is passed between a pair of rollers. A belt-like wire mesh was used as a reinforcing material for the outer layer.

  A heat-resistant material similar to the heat-resistant material for the above-described spherical belt-shaped substrate is used, and a heat-resistant material having a width smaller than the width of the belt-shaped wire mesh of the reinforcing material for the outer layer is separately prepared. .

  The heat-resistant material for the outer layer is inserted into the belt-shaped wire mesh that is the reinforcing material for the outer layer, and these are integrated by passing between a pair of rollers. The heat-resistant material is filled in the wire mesh of the reinforcing material, and the surface is reinforced. A flat outer layer forming member was produced in which a surface made of a material and a surface made of a heat-resistant material were exposed.

  The outer layer forming member was wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material to prepare a preliminary cylindrical molded body. This preliminary cylindrical molded body was inserted into a stepped core of a mold, and the preliminary cylindrical molded body was disposed in a hollow portion of the mold.

A pre-cylindrical molded body placed in the hollow portion of the mold is compression-molded in the core axial direction with a pressure of 294 N / mm ² , a through-hole is defined in the central portion, and the large diameter side of the cylindrical inner surface and the partially convex spherical surface and A spherical belt-shaped sealing body comprising a spherical belt-shaped substrate defined by the annular end surface on the small diameter side and an outer layer integrally formed on the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate was obtained.

  In the obtained spherical belt-shaped sealing body, the spherical belt-shaped substrate is configured such that the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate are compressed and entangled with each other to have structural integrity. In addition, the cylindrical inner surface and the large-diameter-side annular end surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate are exposed to the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate, and the outer layer includes a heat-resistant material for the outer layer and a reinforcing material for the outer layer made of a wire mesh. The heat-resistant material is filled in the mesh of the reinforcing metal mesh and the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer includes a surface made of the reinforcing material and a surface made of the heat-resistant material. Is formed on a smooth surface.

  Next, the ball-like seal bodies obtained in the above-described Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example were incorporated in the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, and tested for the presence or absence of frictional noise and the amount of gas leakage. The results will be explained.

<About the presence or absence of frictional noise>
Test conditions Pushing force by a coil spring (spring set force) 760N
Rotation angle ± 0.05 ° ± 0.1 ° ± 0.2 ° ± 0.3 ° ± 0.5 °
Excitation frequency 20Hz
Temperature (outer surface temperature of concave spherical surface portion 302 shown in FIGS. 30 and 31) Room temperature (25 ° C.) Increased every 100 ° C. from 200 ° C. to 500 ° C. Test time 3 cycles with 8 hours as one cycle Flange material ( 1) Cast flange (exhaust pipe spherical joint flange 200 shown in FIG. 30)
(2) Flange made of sheet metal (flange 200 of exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. 31)

Counterpart material (material of diameter enlarged portion 301 shown in FIGS. 30 and 31) SUS409

<Test method>
In the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. 30 or FIG. 31, the upstream exhaust pipe 100 is fixed, and the smooth surface 51 or 54 of the outer layer 44 of the ball-shaped seal body 45 or 45a and the surface 51 or 54 are slidable. The large diameter of the partially convex spherical surface 40 of the ball-shaped seal body 45 or 45a is fixed by fixing the concave spherical portion 302 of the enlarged diameter portion in contact with and rotating the downstream exhaust pipe 200 around the tube axis. Is rotated only between the annular end surface 41 on the side and the flange 200 erected on the upstream side exhaust pipe 100, and the presence or absence of occurrence of abnormal frictional noise at the sliding portion between them is confirmed. Confirmation of the occurrence of abnormal frictional noise was performed five times at room temperature, 200 ° C, 300 ° C, 400 ° C, and 500 ° C.

<Determination level of frictional noise>
Symbol: 0 Abnormal friction noise is not generated.
Symbol: 0.5 The occurrence of abnormal frictional noise can be confirmed with the sound collecting pipe.
Symbol: Generates abnormal friction noise at a position about 0.2m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
You can see the raw.
Symbol: 1.5 Generates abnormal frictional noise at a position about 0.5m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
You can see the raw.
Symbol: 2 Generate abnormal friction noise at a position about 1m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
I can confirm.
Symbol: 2.5 Generate abnormal frictional noise at a position about 2m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
I can confirm.
Symbol: 3 Abnormal friction noise is generated at a position about 3m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
I can confirm.
Symbol: 3.5 Generate abnormal friction noise at a position about 5m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
I can confirm.
Symbol: 4 Abnormal frictional noise is generated at a position about 10m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint.
Can be confirmed.
Symbol: 4.5 Generation of abnormal frictional noise at a position about 15m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint
Can be confirmed.
Symbol: 5 Generation of abnormal frictional noise at a position about 20m away from the sliding part of the exhaust pipe spherical joint
Can be confirmed.
In the comprehensive determination of the above determination levels, it was determined that the symbol 0 to the symbol 2.5 is no occurrence of abnormal friction noise, and the symbol 3 to symbol 5 was determined to be occurrence of abnormal friction noise.

<Test conditions and test method for gas leakage>
<Test conditions>
Pressing force by a coil spring (spring set force): 760N
Excitation angle: ± 3 °
Excitation frequency (oscillation speed): 12Hz
Temperature (outer surface temperature of concave spherical surface portion 302 shown in FIGS. 29 and 30): Room temperature (25 ° C.) to 500 ° C.
Test time 8 cycles as one cycle, 3 cycles implemented Partner material (material of the enlarged diameter portion 301 shown in FIGS. 30 and 31) SUS409

<Test method>
At room temperature (25 ° C.), the temperature was raised to 500 ° C. while continuing a rocking motion of ± 3 ° at an excitation frequency of 12 Hz, and the amount of gas leakage (l ( Liter) / 30 sec) and the amount of gas leakage before the test.

<Measurement method of gas leakage>
The opening part of one upstream exhaust pipe 100 of the exhaust pipe spherical joint shown in FIG. 30 or FIG. 31 is closed, and dry air is applied at a pressure of 10 kPa (0.1 kgf / cm ² ) from the other downstream exhaust pipe 200 side. The amount of gas leakage from the contact portion between the annular end surface 41 and the flange 200 erected on the upstream side exhaust pipe 100 is measured with a flow meter (1) at the initial stage of the test (before the start of the test) and after the test. Measured once.

  The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

表中の「露出面積率」は、球帯状シール体の部分凸球面状面の大径側の環状端面において、補強材からなる面の面積割合であり、回転角のａは、板金製のフランジ、ｂは鋳物製のフランジであり、以下の表２乃至表５においても同様である。

The “exposed area ratio” in the table is the area ratio of the surface made of the reinforcing material at the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface of the ball-shaped seal body, and the rotation angle a is a flange made of sheet metal. B are casting flanges, and the same applies to Tables 2 to 5 below.

  From the test results shown in Tables 1 to 5, the spherical belt-like sealing body of Examples 1 to 4 stands on the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface and the upstream exhaust pipe of the exhaust pipe spherical joint. There is almost no difference in performance due to the difference between the casting and sheet metal flanges in the rotational sliding with the flanges (casting and sheet metal) installed, and there is no occurrence of abnormal frictional noise throughout the test time ( Judgment level symbol 2 or less), and it was confirmed that the amount of gas leakage was also excellent. On the other hand, in the spherical belt-shaped sealing body according to the comparative example, the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface and the flange (made of casting and sheet metal) erected on the upstream exhaust pipe of the exhaust pipe spherical joint In the rotational sliding, a judgment level symbol of 3 or more was shown throughout the test time, and the occurrence of abnormal frictional noise was confirmed. Further, it was confirmed that the amount of leakage after the test was greatly increased in the amount of gas leakage.

  In Example 3, the effect of the heat resistance and oxidation resistance suppressing action of the ball-shaped seal body using the heat-resistant material containing primary aluminum phosphate (phosphate), and in Example 4, the primary aluminum phosphate (phosphoric acid) Salt) and heat resistance material containing phosphorus pentoxide, and the outer layer is provided with a solid lubricant coating layer. Although it is not directly related in the above test, it is an important element as a ball-shaped seal body as an actual product.

  As described above, the spherical belt-shaped sealing body of the present invention has a surface made of a reinforcing material dotted and exposed on the large-diameter annular end surface of the partially convex spherical surface. In the state where the integrity between the cylindrical inner surface and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe on which the spherical belt-shaped seal body is disposed is lost, forces in the torsional direction and the shearing direction are input and the exhaust pipe is formed on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped seal body. Even if rotation around the tube axis occurs, the reinforcing material is scattered with the surface made of the heat-resistant material exposed at the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface and flush with the surface made of the heat-resistant material. Therefore, the stick-slip phenomenon does not occur between the flange and the flange, and the abnormal frictional noise caused by the stick-slip phenomenon is not generated.

  In addition, in the flat composite sheet material of the manufacturing process, both sides in the width direction of the belt-shaped metal mesh that is a reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate formed by compressing the braided metal mesh knitted in a cylindrical shape in the radial direction. By adjusting the width of the portion not filled with expanded graphite, which is a heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate, in the portion of the surface of the reinforcing material exposed at the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface Some can be adjusted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat-resistant material for spherical band base 2 Reinforcing material for spherical belt-shaped base 11 Composite sheet material 13 Cylindrical base material 14 Heat-resistant material for outer layer 15 Reinforcing material for outer layer 20 Outer layer forming member 30 Preliminary cylindrical molded body 37 Mold 38 Through-hole 39 Cylindrical inner surface 40 Partially convex spherical surface 41 Large-diameter side annular end surface 42 Small-diameter side annular end surface 43 Spherical belt-shaped substrate 44 Outer layer 45, 45a Spherical belt-shaped sealing body

Claims (14)

  The spherical inner surface defined by the cylindrical inner surface, the partially convex spherical surface, and the annular end surfaces on the large diameter side and the small diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface, and the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt substrate are integrally formed. A spherical belt-like seal body used for an exhaust pipe joint having an outer layer, wherein the spherical belt-like substrate is filled with a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-like substrate made of a wire mesh, and a mesh of the wire mesh of the reinforcement material. And a heat-resistant material for a ball-shaped base including a expanded graphite that is mixed and integrated with a reinforcing material, and has an annular shape on the large diameter side of the cylindrical inner surface and the partially convex spherical surface of the ball-shaped base The end surface includes a surface made of a heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate, and a surface made of a reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and being flush with the surface made of the heat-resistant material. The surface made of the heat-resistant material and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical band-shaped substrate are the spherical band-shaped substrate. The cylindrical inner surface and the annular end surface on the large-diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface are mixed and integrated, and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-like substrate is larger than the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-like substrate and the partially convex spherical surface. A spherical belt-shaped seal body, characterized in that the annular end surface on the radial side is scattered with respect to a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate.   2. The spherical band-shaped sealing body according to claim 1, wherein the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical band-shaped substrate is dotted with an area ratio of 5 to 40% at the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface. .   3. The spherical belt-shaped sealing body according to claim 1, wherein the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is dotted with an area ratio of 5 to 40% on the inner surface of the cylinder.   The outer layer is reinforced with a heat-resistant material for the outer layer containing expanded graphite and a reinforcing material for the outer layer made of a wire mesh, and the mesh of the wire mesh of the reinforcing material for the outer layer is filled with the heat-resistant material for the outer layer. The material is mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is formed as a smooth surface in which a surface made of a reinforcing material for the outer layer and a surface made of a heat-resistant material for the outer layer are mixed. The spherical belt-shaped seal body according to any one of 3.   The outer layer is composed of a heat-resistant material for outer layer containing expanded graphite, a solid lubricant, and a reinforcing material for outer layer made of a wire mesh. The solid lubricant and the heat-resistant material and the outer layer reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is composed of a surface made of the outer layer reinforcing material and a surface made of the solid lubricant. The spherical belt-shaped sealing body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spherical band-shaped sealing body is formed on a smooth surface in which a mixture of water is present.   6. The spherical belt-shaped seal according to claim 5, wherein the solid lubricant comprises a lubricating composition containing 23 to 57% by mass of hexagonal boron nitride, 5 to 15% by mass of alumina hydrate, and 33 to 67% by mass of tetrafluororesin. body.   The sphere-like base material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat-resistant material for the sphere-like substrate and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer contain 1.0 to 16.0% by mass of phosphate and expanded graphite. Seal body.   The ball-shaped seal body according to claim 7, wherein the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer further contain 0.05 to 5.0% by mass of phosphoric acid. The spherical inner surface defined by the cylindrical inner surface, the partially convex spherical surface, and the annular end surfaces on the large diameter side and the small diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface, and the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt substrate are integrally formed. A manufacturing method of a ball-shaped seal body comprising an outer layer,
(A) a step of preparing a heat-resistant material for a spherical band substrate made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density α of 0.3 to 0.9 Mg / m ³ ;
(B) Inserting a heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate between two layers of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh obtained by weaving or knitting a thin metal wire, and a reinforcing material in which the heat-resistant material is inserted Pressurize in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, densely fill the heat-resistant material for the sphere-shaped substrate with the mesh of the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate, and expose part of the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate. A surface and a ball made of a heat-resistant material for a sphere-shaped substrate and a refractory material for the sphere-shaped substrate and the heat-resistant material for the sphere-shaped substrate are compressed by pressing together so as to embed the reinforcing material in the material. Forming a flat composite sheet material having a surface that is flush with a surface made of a reinforcing material for a belt-like substrate and portions that are not filled with a heat-resistant material on both sides of the reinforcing material; ,
(C) winding a flat composite sheet material into a cylindrical shape several times to form a cylindrical base material;
(D) a step of preparing a heat-resistant material for an outer layer made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density α of 1.0 to 1.5 Mg / m ³ ;
(E) preparing a reinforcing material for an outer layer having two layers made of a wire mesh obtained by weaving or knitting a fine metal wire, inserting a heat-resistant material for the outer layer between the two layers of the reinforcing material, The outer layer reinforcing material into which the heat resistant material is inserted is pressed in the thickness direction of the heat resistant material, and the outer layer reinforcing material is filled in the mesh of the outer layer reinforcing material, and the outer layer reinforcing material is formed on the surface. Forming a flat outer layer forming member exposed by mixing the surface and a surface made of a heat-resistant material for the outer layer; and
(F) winding the outer layer forming member on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material to form a preliminary cylindrical molded body;
(G) inserting the preliminary cylindrical molded body into the outer peripheral surface of the core of the mold, placing the core in the mold, and compressing the preliminary cylindrical molded body in the mold in the core axial direction;
The spherical belt-shaped substrate is filled with a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh, and the mesh of the wire mesh of the reinforcing material is mixed and integrated with the reinforcing material, and is compressed and expanded. A heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate containing graphite, and the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface are surfaces made of a heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate; A surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a heat-resistant material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate and a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate. And the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-like substrate is a cylinder of the spherical belt-like substrate. Is it a heat-resistant material for a ball-shaped substrate on the inner surface and the annular end surface on the large diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface? The outer layer is interspersed with the outer layer heat-resistant material containing expanded graphite and the outer layer reinforcing material made of wire mesh, and the outer layer reinforcing material for the outer layer is compressed into the mesh of the outer layer. The heat-resistant material is filled and the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing material are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is a smooth surface in which a surface made of the outer-layer reinforcing material and a surface made of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer are mixed. A method for producing a spherical belt-shaped sealing body, characterized in that the ball-shaped sealing body is formed on a flat surface. The spherical inner surface defined by the cylindrical inner surface, the partially convex spherical surface, and the annular end surfaces on the large diameter side and the small diameter side of the partially convex spherical surface, and the partially convex spherical surface of the spherical belt substrate are integrally formed. A manufacturing method of a ball-shaped seal body comprising an outer layer,
(A) a step of preparing a heat-resistant material for a spherical band substrate made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density α of 0.3 to 0.6 Mg / m ³ ;
(B) Inserting a heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate between two layers of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh obtained by weaving or knitting a thin metal wire, and a reinforcing material in which the heat-resistant material is inserted Pressurize in the thickness direction of the heat-resistant material, densely fill the heat-resistant material for the sphere-shaped substrate with the mesh of the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate, and expose part of the reinforcing material for the sphere-shaped substrate. The heat-resistant material for the sphere-shaped substrate and the reinforcement material for the sphere-shaped substrate are compressed, and the surface made of the heat-resistant material for the sphere-shaped substrate and the reinforcement are compressed. Forming a flat composite sheet material having a surface that is flush with a surface made of a material and portions that are not filled with a heat-resistant material on both sides of the reinforcing material;
(C) A step of forming a cylindrical base material by winding the flat composite sheet material several times in a cylindrical shape with the surface of the heat-resistant material and the surface of the reinforcing material being flush with each other. When,
(D) A heat-resistant material for an outer layer made of an expanded graphite sheet having a density α of 1.0 to 1.5 Mg / m ³ is prepared, and an aqueous dispersion of a solid lubricant is applied to one surface of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer. Applying and drying to form a coating layer of a solid lubricant on the surface of the heat-resistant material for the outer layer;
(E) A reinforcing material for an outer layer having two layers made of a wire mesh obtained by weaving or knitting a fine metal wire is prepared, and a coating layer of a solid lubricant is formed between the two layers of the reinforcing material. A heat-resistant material for the outer layer and a solid lubricant formed on the surface of the heat-resistant material. Filling the coating layer of the agent and forming a flat outer layer forming member in which the surface made of the reinforcing material for the outer layer and the surface made of the coating layer of the solid lubricant are mixed and exposed on the surface;
(F) winding the outer layer forming member on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical base material with the coating layer of the solid lubricant facing outward to form a preliminary cylindrical molded body;
(G) inserting the preliminary cylindrical molded body into the outer peripheral surface of the core of the mold, placing the core in the mold, and compressing the preliminary cylindrical molded body in the mold in the core axial direction;
The spherical belt-shaped substrate is filled with a reinforcing material for a spherical belt-shaped substrate made of a wire mesh, and the mesh of the wire mesh of the reinforcing material is mixed and integrated with the reinforcing material, and is compressed and expanded. A surface made of a heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and a surface made of a reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate, The spherical end surface of the spherical surface is mixed and integrated, and the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical band-shaped substrate is the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical band-shaped substrate and the large-diameter side annular end surface of the partially convex spherical surface. In the outer layer, the outer layer is dotted with a heat resistant material for the outer layer containing expanded graphite, a solid lubricant, and a reinforcing material for the outer layer made of a wire mesh. The outer layer reinforcing material mesh is filled with solid lubricant and outer layer heat-resistant material. The solid lubricant and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer and the reinforcing material for the outer layer are mixed and integrated, and the outer surface of the outer layer is a mixture of a surface made of the reinforcing material for the outer layer and a surface made of the solid lubricant. A method for manufacturing a spherical belt-shaped sealing body, characterized in that it is formed on a smooth surface.   An aqueous dispersion of a solid lubricant includes hexagonal boron nitride powder and ethylene tetrafluoride resin in alumina sol having a hydrogen ion concentration of 2 to 3 in which alumina hydrate particles are dispersed in water containing an acid as a dispersion medium. An aqueous dispersion containing dispersed powder, comprising a lubricating composition containing 23 to 57% by mass of hexagonal boron nitride, 5 to 15% by mass of alumina hydrate and 33 to 67% by mass of ethylene tetrafluoride resin as a solid content The manufacturing method of the spherical belt-shaped sealing body according to claim 10, wherein the dispersion is an aqueous dispersion.   The spherical band according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the surface made of the reinforcing material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate is dotted with an area ratio of 5 to 40% on the cylindrical inner surface of the spherical belt-shaped substrate. Manufacturing method of sealing body.   The ball-shaped seal according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the heat-resistant material for the ball-shaped substrate and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer contain 1.0 to 16.0% by mass of phosphate and expanded graphite. Body manufacturing method.   The method for producing a spherical belt-shaped sealing body according to claim 13, wherein the heat-resistant material for the spherical belt-shaped substrate and the heat-resistant material for the outer layer further contain 0.05 to 5.0% by mass of phosphoric acid.

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