JP2012101555A - Method for manufacturing noncombustible material, and the noncombustible material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a noncombustible material, which never causes elution of a substance for noncombustibility by dew condensation, rainwater or the like, and uses no organic solvent, and the noncombustible material.SOLUTION: The noncombustible material is manufactured by impregnating a combustible material in a metal salt aqueous solution which is reacted with carbon dioxide to produce a substance for noncombustibility which is hardly soluble or insoluble to water, and placing the combustible material under a carbon dioxide atmosphere to react the carbon dioxide with the metal salt aqueous solution in the inside and surface of the combustible material, thereby generating the substance for noncombustibility in the inside and surface of the combustible material.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a non-combustible material by subjecting a combustible material to a predetermined treatment to make the non-combustible material, and the non-combustible material.

  Currently, under the Building Standards Law, for example, when building a wooden building in a semi-fireproof area, it is necessary to use a non-combustible material in the main structure in order to make it a semi-fireproof building. Materials are limited. Therefore, non-combustible materials such as clay tiles, concrete tiles, metal tiles are mainly used as roofing materials, and combustible materials such as husks, straws, and cedar boards are designated as important cultural properties. If there is no, it can not be used. In order to solve these problems, the following methods for producing noncombustible wood have been devised.

  This non-combustible wood manufacturing method comprises drying a wood board having a thickness of 6 to 30 mm to a moisture content of 5% by weight or less, and then treating the wood board with boric acid and water-soluble borate at a liquid temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. And dipping in a refractory solution containing one or both of the above, a water-soluble phosphate and a small amount of a coloring agent under reduced pressure for 6 to 72 hours, and then removing the wood board from the refractory material solution to 1 to 30 at room temperature. The wood board is dried at 30 to 80 ° C. for 5 hours to 9 days to reduce the moisture content to 18% by weight or less (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-55271 A

  However, such incombustible wood uses water-soluble borate, water-soluble phosphate, etc. as a material that makes wood incombustible. The problem is that the incombustible effect is significantly reduced and the surroundings are contaminated. Furthermore, as described above, there is a problem that phosphoric acid and boric acid eluted from wood are chemically reacted with components used in the coating material of the adhesive to peel them off or cause discoloration. In addition, when making wood non-combustible wood, it is common to use an organic solvent to facilitate drying of the processed wood, and to dissolve the refractory easily, It was necessary to take measures to prevent the health of workers, to prevent odors and to catch fire.

  The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the various problems as described above, and does not elute incombustible substances in condensed water, rainwater, etc., and is an incombustible material that does not use an organic solvent. A manufacturing method and an incombustible material thereof are provided.

  In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing an incombustible material according to claim 1 impregnates an inflammable material with an aqueous metal salt solution that reacts with carbon dioxide gas to generate an incombustible material that is hardly soluble or insoluble in water. Then, the combustible material is placed in a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere, and the carbon dioxide gas and the metal salt aqueous solution are reacted inside and on the surface of the combustible material to cause the inside of the combustible material and on the surface of the incombustible substance. And thereby producing non-combustible materials.

  The method for producing an incombustible material according to claim 2 is an incombustible material that is hardly soluble or insoluble in water by reacting with carbon dioxide gas in a state where the combustible material is put in a pressure-resistant reaction vessel and hermetically sealed and the inside thereof is decompressed. A metal salt aqueous solution capable of generating a chemical substance is injected into the reaction vessel, and then the inside of the reaction vessel is pressurized for a predetermined time to impregnate the combustible material with the metal salt aqueous solution, and then the excess metal salt injected is injected After the aqueous solution is discharged, the reaction vessel is sealed, and then carbon dioxide gas is injected into the reaction vessel, and the carbon dioxide gas and the metal salt aqueous solution are reacted inside and on the surface of the combustible material for a predetermined time. The non-combustible material is produced inside the material and on the surface thereof, thereby producing the non-combustible material.

  The nonflammable material according to claim 3 is manufactured by the method for manufacturing a nonflammable material according to claim 1 or 2.

  The non-combustible material according to claim 4 is impregnated with an elution inhibitor for preventing elution of the non-combustible substance.

  The non-combustible material according to claim 5 is characterized in that it is impregnated with a water repellent.

  The nonflammable material according to claim 6 is impregnated with an ultraviolet shielding agent.

  According to the method for producing an incombustible material according to claim 1, since an incombustible substance for making the combustible material into an incombustible material is synthesized from carbon dioxide gas and an aqueous metal salt solution, an organic solvent is not used. There is an advantage that it does not adversely affect the health and environment of workers. Moreover, compared with the case of using a low boiling point organic solvent, there is no need for a large-scale disposal facility, and it is not necessary to take measures against odor to the surroundings. Furthermore, since no organic solvent is used, there is no danger of ignition and the surrounding equipment does not need to have an explosion-proof structure.

  A non-combustible material for converting the combustible material into a non-combustible material is synthesized from carbon dioxide gas and an aqueous metal salt solution, and the non-combustible material is hardly soluble or insoluble in water. Even when the material is exposed to condensed water or rainwater, the incombustible material impregnated in the combustible material does not elute to the outside, and the surroundings are not contaminated. In addition, as described above, the non-combustible material does not elute from the combustible material, so that the non-combustibility does not decrease, and the chemical reaction with the components used in the adhesive and the paint peels them off, In addition, there is no problem of causing discoloration.

  Further, after the metal salt aqueous solution is impregnated in advance in the combustible material, the combustible material is placed in a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere, and the carbon dioxide gas and the metal salt aqueous solution are reacted inside and on the surface of the combustible material. Therefore, the metal salt aqueous solution that penetrates deep inside the combustible material reacts with carbon dioxide gas that penetrates deep inside the combustible material, and an incombustible substance is generated not only on the surface of the combustible material but also inside the combustible material. Thereby, the nonflammable effect as a nonflammable material can fully be exhibited.

  Further, the use of carbon dioxide gas has an advantage that it is good for the environment because the amount of waste liquid generated when producing non-combustible materials can be reduced. And since carbon dioxide gas is cheap compared with phosphoric acid aqueous solution, the material cost at the time of manufacturing a noncombustible material can be reduced. Furthermore, when carbon dioxide and metal salt aqueous solution are reacted, incombustible material does not deposit in large quantities on the surface of combustible material, so there is no need to remove it at the time of shipment. Can be easily performed. And since the manufactured noncombustible material has very few unreacted substances remaining on its surface, it is placed well even when an adhesive or the like is applied, and does not peel off.

  According to the method for producing an incombustible material according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the inside of the reaction vessel is decompressed and then the aqueous metal salt solution is injected into the reaction vessel, and the reaction is performed after the combustible material is immersed therein. Since the inside of the container is pressurized, one aqueous solution can be impregnated deeper into the interior. Thereafter, by sealing the inside of the reaction vessel and press-fitting carbon dioxide gas, the pressure inside the reaction vessel also rises, the carbon dioxide gas is also impregnated deep inside the combustible material, and the carbon dioxide gas and the aqueous metal salt solution are Since nonflammable substances are synthesized by reacting on the surface and inside of the combustible material, high nonflammability can be exhibited.

  Further, the use of carbon dioxide gas has an advantage that it is good for the environment because the amount of waste liquid generated when producing non-combustible materials can be reduced. And since carbon dioxide gas is cheap compared with phosphoric acid aqueous solution, the material cost at the time of manufacturing a noncombustible material can be reduced. Furthermore, when carbon dioxide and metal salt aqueous solution are reacted, incombustible material does not deposit in large quantities on the surface of combustible material, so there is no need to remove it at the time of shipment. Can be easily performed.

  According to the incombustible material of Claim 3, the said incombustible material is manufactured with the manufacturing method of the incombustible material of any one of Claim 1 or Claim 2. For this reason, non-combustible materials for making combustible materials into non-combustible materials are synthesized from carbon dioxide gas and metal salt aqueous solution, so there is no need to use organic solvents, which may adversely affect the health and environment of workers. There is no advantage.

  And since the incombustible substance for making a combustible material into an incombustible material impregnates the surface and the inside, and furthermore, it is hardly soluble or insoluble in water, the produced incombustible material is condensed water or Even when exposed to rainwater, the incombustible material impregnated in the combustible material does not elute to the outside and does not contaminate the surroundings. In addition, as described above, the non-combustible material does not elute from the combustible material, so that the non-combustibility does not decrease, and the chemical reaction with the components used in the adhesive and the paint peels them off, In addition, there is no problem of causing discoloration.

  According to the incombustible material of claim 4, since the elution inhibitor for preventing elution of the incombustible substance is impregnated, the impregnated incombustible substance is not eluted by rain water or condensed water. .

  According to the incombustible material of claim 5, since the water repellent is impregnated, the incombustible material is not impregnated with rain water or condensed water, and the incombustible substance on the surface of the incombustible material or inside is eluted. There is nothing.

  According to the incombustible material according to claim 6, since the ultraviolet ray shielding agent is impregnated, the incombustible material can be shielded from ultraviolet rays from the sun, and the weather resistance of the incombustible material when used outdoors is improved. be able to.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the method for producing the non-combustible material 1 according to the present embodiment reacts with carbon dioxide gas in a state where the combustible material 3 is put in a pressure-resistant reaction vessel 2 and is sealed and the inside thereof is depressurized. A metal salt aqueous solution capable of producing a hardly soluble or insoluble incombustible substance is injected into the reaction vessel 2, and then the inside of the reaction vessel 2 is pressurized for a predetermined time to apply the metal salt aqueous solution to the combustible material 3. After the impregnation, the injected excess metal salt aqueous solution is discharged, and then the reaction vessel 2 is sealed, and then carbon dioxide gas is pressed into the reaction vessel 2 to combine the carbon dioxide gas and the metal salt aqueous solution. The incombustible material 1 is produced by reacting the inside and the surface of the combustible material 3 for a predetermined time to generate the incombustible substance in the inside and the surface of the combustible material 3.

  The reaction vessel 2 may generate a substance that corrodes a metal such as an acid in the reaction with the aqueous metal salt solution. Therefore, the reaction vessel 2 as a whole and carbon dioxide gas or metal salt in the reaction vessel 2. It is preferable that the equipment used for producing the noncombustible material 1 such as the pipe 4 for sending the aqueous solution and the container for storing these in an unillustrated container is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel or the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reaction vessel 2 has a vertically long shape formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a reaction kettle 6 containing a combustible material 3 and the like whose side surfaces are supported by a gantry 5; A lid member 8 for closing the opening 7 of the reaction kettle 6 is provided. In addition, a rubber packing 9 is provided between the edge 6 a of the reaction kettle 6 and the edge 8 a of the lid member 8 in order to ensure airtightness in the reaction vessel 2. The reaction kettle 6 and the lid member 8 can be freely coupled to the edge 6a of the reaction kettle 6 and the connecting holes 6b and 8b formed in the edge 8a of the lid member 8 by bolts 10a and nuts 10b. Even when the inside of the container 2 is pressurized, the lid member 8 is not opened, and air does not enter and exit from these gaps. Further, a part of the lid member 8 is coupled to the reaction kettle 6 and the coupling member 11, and as shown in FIG. 2, the lid member 8 is rotated in the horizontal direction around the shaft portion 13 of the coupling member 11 by a known power source 12. Thus, the lid member 8 can be opened and closed. Of course, a horizontally long reaction vessel 2 can be used instead of the vertically long reaction vessel 2 of the present embodiment.

  An inlet / outlet hole 14 is formed in a substantially central portion below the reaction kettle 6, and these aqueous solutions are transported from the container (not shown) for storing the metal salt aqueous solution to the reaction vessel 2 in the inlet / outlet hole 14. And a pipe 15 is provided in the vicinity of the reaction kettle 6 in the pipe 4 for adjusting the amount of the aqueous solution flowing into the reaction kettle 6 and discharging the aqueous solution. Can also be used. The lid member 8 has a pressure gauge 16 for detecting the pressure inside the reaction vessel 2, a level gauge 17 for confirming the amount of the aqueous solution in the reaction vessel 6, and a pressure for controlling the pressure inside the reaction vessel 2. A control valve 18 and the like are provided as appropriate. The pressure control valve 18 is connected to a pressure adjusting device (not shown) and can pressurize or depressurize the inside of the reaction vessel 2.

  As the combustible material 3 to be treated as the non-combustible material 1, materials generally used for industrial materials such as buildings can be suitably used. For example, fibers such as coconut shells, whites, hemps, Plants, bamboo, cedar, paulownia, pine, firewood, beech, firewood, cherry wood, etc., and their plywood, and their ropes. It can be used regardless of its type and shape, such as a molded article made in the above, paper made from the above-mentioned materials, and other synthetic resins. When impregnating the combustible material 3 with the incombustible substance, the combustible material 3 can be impregnated with a large amount of the incombustible substance by drying the combustible material 3 in advance. Moreover, when using wood as the combustible material 3, it is preferable to heat-dry the wood under reduced pressure so that the water content is, for example, about 10% or less.

The aqueous metal salt solution used in the present embodiment is obtained by dissolving a commercially available metal salt that is highly soluble in water to the extent that an aqueous solution can be formed, and reacts with the carbon dioxide gas to form water. On the other hand, it is a substance that can produce a hardly soluble or insoluble incombustible substance. In addition, the metal salt is a metal chloride, hydroxide, silicic oxide, etc., for example, aluminum hydroxide, barium hydroxide, barium chloride, zinc hydroxide, zinc chloride, sodium silicate, etc. can be used, Other than these, other metal salts can be appropriately used depending on the purpose. And it is prepared and used for about 5-30 weight% aqueous solution.
As the carbon dioxide gas, a well-known one compressed in a cylinder or the like can be appropriately used.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a thin plate-like wood (thickness 10 mm, width 200 mm, length 1000 mm) as the combustible material 3 dried in advance is put into the reaction kettle 6 through the opening 7 as shown in FIGS. Is rotated about the shaft portion 13 of the connecting member 11, the opening 7 is closed, and the edge 6a of the reaction vessel 6 and the edge 8a of the lid member 8 are connected by a bolt 10a and a nut 10b. Seal the inside. And as shown in FIG. 3, the sodium silicate aqueous solution is inject | poured in the reaction kettle 6 until the whole wood is immersed. In this case, the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 is reduced to about 0.01 to 0.1 atm in advance over 1 to 3 hours, and then an aqueous sodium silicate solution is injected into the reaction vessel 6. Therefore, it is possible to easily inject the sodium silicate aqueous solution into the reaction vessel 2 and to efficiently impregnate the wood with the sodium silicate aqueous solution. Thereafter, the inside of the reaction vessel 2 is pressurized to about 3 to 10 atm to further promote the impregnation of the sodium silicate aqueous solution into the wood over 1 to 3 hours.

  The impregnation of the sodium silicate aqueous solution into the wood may be performed at room temperature as in the present embodiment, but a sodium silicate aqueous solution having a temperature of about 40 to 70 degrees is used, or the sodium silicate aqueous solution being impregnated. By keeping the temperature at about 40 to 70 degrees, the impregnation property can be further improved and the operation can be performed in a short time. The impregnation time can be appropriately changed depending on the thickness and size of the wood. Then, after the wood is impregnated with the sodium silicate aqueous solution, the valve 15 is opened and the excess sodium silicate aqueous solution is discharged from the pipe 4. In this case, when an excessive sodium silicate aqueous solution is adhered to the surface of the wood, it is preferable to remove it appropriately. Further, as described above, since it is difficult to completely remove sodium silicate from the reaction vessel 2, the combustible material 3 is put in the reaction vessel 2 in a state where it is put in another internal vessel in advance. When moving to the process, the sodium silicate remaining in the first internal container can be completely recovered by replacing with another internal container.

  Thereafter, the reaction vessel 2 is sealed, a pressure reducing valve of a carbon dioxide cylinder (not shown) connected to the gas inflow hole 19 provided in the lid member 8 is opened, and the carbon dioxide gas flows into the reaction vessel 2. At this time, carbon dioxide gas continues to flow into the reaction vessel 2 for about 10 to 90 seconds with the pressure control valve 18 opened, and the air in the reaction vessel 2 is replaced with carbon dioxide gas.

  Then, the pressure control valve 18 is closed, the pressure reducing valve is adjusted, and carbon dioxide gas is injected into the reaction vessel 2 so that the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 is about 3 to 10 atm. To stop. Thereafter, the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 is consumed by the reaction of the carbon dioxide inside the reaction vessel 2 with sodium silicate, and the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 decreases below the pressure. By repeating this operation a few times in about 3 hours, after stopping the injection of carbon dioxide as described above, when the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 becomes constant without decreasing, sodium silicate and carbon dioxide Judge that the reaction is complete. Then, after returning the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 to normal pressure, the lid member 8 is opened, the produced noncombustible material is taken out, and this is appropriately dried.

  In addition to the method described above, the pressure control valve 18 is closed and the pressure reducing valve is adjusted so that carbon dioxide gas is added to the reaction vessel 2 so that the pressure in the reaction vessel 2 is about 3 to 10 atm. By continuing the press-fitting for about an hour, sodium silicate and carbon dioxide may be reacted.

  In addition, the incombustible material manufactured as described above may be impregnated with an elution preventing agent, a water repellent, an ultraviolet shielding agent, etc. for preventing elution of an incombustible substance at any stage of the manufacturing process. Good.

  Then, an incombustible substance is produced by separately reacting sodium silicate and carbon dioxide gas, and a powder obtained by dispersing this in an electric mill or the like is dispersed in water and impregnated in a combustible material 3 such as wood. Can also be added to the combustible material 3 such as synthetic resin in a dry state. The metal salt used is not limited to barium hydroxide, and other metal salts can be appropriately used. Further, in the present embodiment, thin plate-like wood is used, but instead of this, other combustible materials 3 described above may be used, and even in the case of wood, other shapes and sizes may be used. The material can be appropriately changed according to the purpose of use.

  In order to prevent elution of the incombustible material impregnated in the non-combustible material produced as described above, an emulsion elution inhibitor such as an acrylic ester such as an acrylic ester, a siloxane, or a lignin sulfonate. May be impregnated in an incombustible material. The elution inhibitor can be impregnated into the combustible material simultaneously with the aqueous solution such as the barium hydroxide aqueous solution, or impregnated with the elution inhibitor separately after impregnating the barium hydroxide aqueous solution. Further, when the incombustible substance is pulverized and dispersed in water, the elution inhibitor can be impregnated into the combustible material simultaneously with the dispersion. In addition, a well-known acrylic or silicone oil-based water repellent for repelling rainwater, condensed water, etc. can be appropriately selected and impregnated in a combustible material in the same manner as the elution inhibitor. . It should be noted that the elution inhibitor and the water repellent can be used both or only one of them, and if either one is used, the elution of the incombustible substance can be reliably prevented. By using both, elution of nonflammable substances can be prevented more reliably. Furthermore, the incombustible material 1 may be impregnated with a well-known ultraviolet shielding agent such as a silicone or polyurethane that protects the incombustible material 1 from ultraviolet rays and improves weather resistance. Of course, the elution preventing agent, the water repellent, and the ultraviolet shielding agent may be impregnated at any stage in the production process of the incombustible material 1.

  The noncombustible material 1 according to the present invention can be used not only for wood and the like used for construction of buildings but also for furniture and the like.

Schematic of a reaction vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention The top view which shows the state which open | releases the cover member of reaction container in embodiment of this invention

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nonflammable material 2 Reaction container 3 Flammable material 6 Reaction kettle 8 Lid member 11 Connecting member

Claims (6)

  After impregnating a combustible material with an aqueous metal salt solution that can react with carbon dioxide gas to produce a water-insoluble or insoluble incombustible substance, the combustible material is placed in a carbon dioxide atmosphere and the carbon dioxide gas and the An incombustible material is produced by reacting an aqueous solution of metal salt with the inside and surface of the combustible material to produce the incombustible substance in and inside the combustible material, thereby producing the incombustible material. Method.   In a state where a flammable material is put in a pressure-resistant reaction vessel and hermetically sealed and the inside thereof is decompressed, an aqueous solution of a metal salt that can react with carbon dioxide gas to generate an incombustible substance that is hardly soluble or insoluble in water. After that, the inside of the reaction vessel was pressurized for a predetermined time to impregnate the combustible material with the metal salt aqueous solution, and then the injected excess metal salt aqueous solution was discharged and the reaction vessel was sealed. Thereafter, carbon dioxide gas is injected into the reaction vessel, and the carbon dioxide gas and the metal salt aqueous solution are reacted inside and on the surface of the combustible material for a predetermined time so that the incombustible substance is placed on the inside and surface of the combustible material. A method for producing a nonflammable material, characterized in that the nonflammable material is produced thereby.   A non-combustible material produced by the method for producing a non-combustible material according to claim 1.   The incombustible material according to claim 3, which is impregnated with an elution inhibitor for preventing elution of the incombustible substance.   The incombustible material according to claim 3 or 4, which is impregnated with a water repellent.   6. The noncombustible material according to claim 3, which is impregnated with an ultraviolet shielding agent.

Images