JP2012097823A - Wheel bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wheel bearing device, which detects a failure in a bearing before it happens and is thereby improved in reliability.SOLUTION: A failure detection unit 20 which makes a driver detect a failure of the bearing is provided in an annular space formed between an outward member 10 and an inner ring 3, and the failure detection unit 20 is constituted of: an annular protrusion 18 formed to protrude toward the outer diameter of the inner ring 3; and a cylindrical detecting surface 19 facing the annular protrusion 18 via a fine gap ε in the radial direction, and formed in the inner periphery of end of the outward member 10. As a result, when a peeling and a wear advance on each rolling surface, the annular protrusion 18 and the detecting surface 19 are brought into contact. This generates an unusual noise and vibration, and advises the driver of the failure. The failure of the bearing is detected before it happens, so that a lock or the like of the inner ring 3 on a rotation side is prevented from occurring, thereby providing the wheel bearing device having improved reliability.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wheel bearing device that rotatably supports a wheel of an automobile or the like with respect to a suspension device, and more particularly to a wheel bearing device that detects an abnormality of a bearing portion and improves reliability. It is.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a wheel bearing device for supporting a wheel of an automobile or the like supports a hub wheel for mounting a wheel rotatably via a double row rolling bearing, and includes a drive wheel and a driven wheel. For structural reasons, an inner ring rotation method is generally used for driving wheels, and an inner ring rotation method and an outer ring rotation method are generally used for driven wheels. Further, the wheel bearing device has a structure called a first generation in which a wheel bearing composed of a double row angular ball bearing or the like is fitted between a knuckle and a hub wheel constituting a suspension device. Second generation structure in which body mounting flange or wheel mounting flange is formed directly on the outer periphery of the member, third generation structure in which one inner rolling surface is directly formed on the outer periphery of the hub wheel, or hub wheel, etc. It is roughly classified into a fourth generation structure in which the inner rolling surface is directly formed on the outer periphery of the outer joint member of the speed universal joint.

  Even if an abnormality such as peeling of the rolling surface occurs in these bearing portions, a serious accident such as a wheel lock may occur if the driver continues driving without noticing the abnormality. A structure for detecting the occurrence of such a bearing abnormality using a sensor is known. An example of such a wheel bearing device is shown in FIG. This wheel bearing device 50 includes an outer member 51 having double-row outer rolling surfaces 51a, 51a on the inner periphery, and inner rolling surfaces 53a, 54a facing the double-row outer rolling surfaces 51a, 51a. The inner member 52 has a plurality of rolling elements 56, 56 accommodated between the rolling surfaces of the outer member 51 and the inner member 52 via a cage 55. Seals 57 and 58 are attached to the opening portion of the annular space formed between the outer member 51 and the inner member 52, and leakage of grease sealed inside the bearing, and muddy water and the like from the outside enter the bearing. Prevents intrusion.

  The outer member 51 integrally has a vehicle body mounting flange 51b for mounting to a knuckle in a vehicle suspension system. The inner member 52 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 59 for mounting a wheel at one end, an inner rolling surface 53a on the outer periphery, and a cylindrical small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 53a. 53b is formed, and a hub ring 53 having a torque transmission serration 53c formed on the inner periphery thereof, and an inner ring 54 fitted on the small-diameter step portion 53b of the hub wheel 53 and having an inner rolling surface 54a formed on the outer periphery thereof. It consists of.

  A rotation sensor 60 is attached to the end of the outer member 51. The rotation sensor 60 is integrally joined to the seal 58 and is attached to the outer member 51 so as to be opposed to the magnetic encoder 61 made of a rubber magnet having magnetic poles N and S magnetized, and in the axial direction of the magnetic encoder 61. The magnetic sensor 62 is provided.

  The magnetic sensor 62 is a sensor that detects the magnetic poles N and S of the magnetic encoder 61, and is attached to the outer member 51 via a sensor attachment member 63. An elastic lip 64 is provided on the inner edge portion of the sensor mounting member 63, and is slidably contacted with the outer peripheral surface of the outer joint member 66 constituting the constant velocity universal joint 65 to prevent foreign matter such as muddy water from entering the detection portion. Yes.

  The output of the rotation sensor 60 is input to the antilock brake system 67. The main function of the anti-lock brake system 67 is to detect the tire lock at the time of a low friction road or a panic brake, and obtain the steering stability by loosening the brake and securing the tire grip. Tire lock is detected from the rotation detection signal. The anti-lock brake system 67 is provided as a part of an ECU (electric control unit) 68 that is an arithmetic processing unit that controls the entire automobile, and has a bearing abnormality detection function unit 69 separately from the main function unit.

  The bearing abnormality detection function unit 69 is a function unit that detects a bearing separation or an abnormality of the magnetic encoder 61, and a duty ratio calculation means 70 that calculates the duty ratio of the rotation sensor 60 and a setting standard based on the calculated duty ratio. It comprises abnormality determining means 71 for determining abnormality of the bearing portion.

  The duty ratio calculation means 70 calculates the duty ratio for each adjacent pulse for the output waveform of the rotation sensor 60. In addition, the abnormality determination unit 71 calculates the amount of change in the duty ratio for each pulse, and when the amount of change exceeds a predetermined threshold or when the amount of change exceeds the threshold is detected a set number of times or more. It is determined that the bearing is abnormal. Thereby, the rotation sensor 60 of the anti-lock brake system 67 can be used as an abnormality detection sensor, and abnormality detection such as bearing peeling can be effectively performed without increasing the number of sensors (for example, Patent Document 1). reference.).

Japanese Patent No. 4518970

  However, such a conventional wheel bearing device 50 has a problem that it cannot be applied to a bearing that is not equipped with the rotation sensor 60 of the anti-lock brake system 67. It is not preferable to install the detection function unit 69 because the cost increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wheel bearing device in which an abnormality of a bearing portion is detected in advance and reliability is improved.

  In order to achieve such an object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery, and an outer rolling of the double row on the outer periphery. An inner member in which a double row inner rolling surface facing the surface is formed, and a double row accommodated between the rolling surfaces of the inner member and the outer member via a retainer so as to roll freely. In the wheel bearing device, comprising: a rolling element; and a seal mounted at both ends of an annular space formed between the outer member and the inner member, the outer member and the inner member; An annular space formed between the annular convex portion formed with an abnormality detecting portion of the bearing portion, the abnormality detecting portion projecting radially from one of the outer member and the inner member. The annular convex portion is opposed to a minute radial clearance, and is constituted by a cylindrical detection surface formed on the other member.

  As described above, in the wheel bearing device having the first to fourth generation structures, the annular space formed between the outer member and the inner member is provided with the abnormality detecting portion of the bearing portion, and the abnormality detecting portion is An annular protrusion formed radially protruding from one of the outer member and the inner member, and a cylinder formed opposite to the annular protrusion via a minute radial clearance and formed on the other member Because it is composed of a detection surface in the form of a ring, when peeling or wear is promoted on each rolling surface, the annular convex portion and the detection surface come into contact with each other, generating abnormal noise and vibration, informing the driver of the abnormality. In addition, it is possible to provide a wheel bearing device that can detect an abnormality of the bearing portion in advance, avoid the occurrence of locking of the inner ring on the rotating side, and improve reliability.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the inner member integrally includes a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end portion, and a hub wheel having a small-diameter step portion formed on the outer periphery thereof. It consists of at least one inner ring press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion of the hub wheel, the annular convex portion is integrally formed on the outer diameter of the inner ring, and the detection surface is formed on the inner periphery of the outer member, The detection surface and the annular convex portion may be opposed to each other through a minute radial clearance to constitute the abnormality detection portion.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hub wheel in which the inner member integrally has a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end portion, and a small-diameter step portion is formed on the outer periphery. It is composed of at least one inner ring press-fitted into a small-diameter step portion of the hub wheel, and a step portion is formed between the inner side surface and the base portion of the wheel mounting flange, and within the outer end portion of the outer member. A stepped portion may be formed around the periphery, and the stepped portion and the stepped portion of the hub wheel may be opposed to each other via a minute radial clearance to constitute the abnormality detecting portion.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the inner member integrally has a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and a hub wheel having a small-diameter step formed on the outer periphery thereof, and this It consists of at least one inner ring that is press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion of the hub wheel, and hub bolts are implanted in the circumferentially equidistant position of the wheel mounting flange, and an annular protrusion is formed on the outer peripheral end of the outer member. A portion may be formed, and the annular convex portion and the hub bolt may be opposed to each other via a minute radial clearance to constitute the abnormality detecting portion.

  Preferably, as in the fifth aspect of the present invention, an annular groove is formed at the root of the annular convex portion of the outer member, and an outer end surface of the outer member is an inner surface of the wheel mounting flange. If the labyrinth seal is configured with a slight axial clearance on the side surface, rain or muddy water will be applied to the outer member during travel of the vehicle and will be transmitted along the outer peripheral surface to the wheel mounting flange and the outer side. It can flow between the members and prevent intrusion into the outer seal, and the muddy water that has flowed can be discharged downward by the principle of dredging by the annular protrusion and the annular groove, The sealing performance and durability of the seal can be improved over a long period of time.

  Further, as in the invention described in claim 6, each rolling is performed if a plurality of concave portions are formed by forging in the annular convex portion and the detection surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the opposing surface has an irregular shape. When the surface is peeled off or worn and the annular convex portion and the detection surface come into contact with each other, a large abnormal noise or vibration can be generated to reliably notify the driver of the abnormality.

  In addition, as in the seventh aspect of the invention, if a predetermined inclination angle is formed on the wall surface of the concave portion, even if the annular convex portion and the detection surface come into contact with each other, both rotate relative to each other and become the rotation side. Locking of the member can be prevented.

  Preferably, as in the invention described in claim 8, if the inclination angle is set in a range of 45 ° to 15 °, it is possible to effectively prevent the rotation-side member from being locked at the time of contact. it can.

  In addition, as in the ninth aspect of the present invention, if the corners of the wall surface of the recess are formed in an arc shape having a predetermined radius of curvature, even if the annular projection and the detection surface are in contact with each other, both are smooth. It is possible to further prevent locking of a member that rotates relative to the rotation side.

  Moreover, if the said annular convex part and a detection surface are hardening-treated like invention of Claim 10, the abrasion at the time of contact of an uneven | corrugated | grooved part can be suppressed.

  Further, as in the invention described in claim 11, the radial clearance of the abnormality detection unit is set to be larger than the radial run-out sum of the outer member and the inner member and smaller than the labyrinth clearance of the seal. As a result, even if an abnormality occurs in the bearing portion, there is no possibility that the seal is damaged before the detection surface and the annular convex portion come into contact with each other, and the abnormality in the bearing portion can be reliably detected.

  The wheel bearing device according to the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on an inner periphery, and a double row inner rolling that faces the outer rolling surface of the double row on an outer periphery. An inner member having a surface formed thereon, a double row rolling element housed between the rolling surfaces of the inner member and the outer member via a cage, and the outer member; In a wheel bearing device provided with seals attached to both end openings of an annular space formed between the inner member and the annular space formed between the outer member and the inner member, Provided with an abnormality detecting portion of the bearing portion, the abnormality detecting portion is formed by projecting radially on one of the outer member and the inner member, and a minute radial direction on the annular convex portion It consists of a cylindrical detection surface facing the gap and formed on the other member, which promotes peeling and wear on each rolling surface. Occasionally, the ring-shaped convex part and the detection surface come into contact and generate abnormal noise and vibration to notify the driver of the abnormality, and the abnormality of the bearing part is detected in advance and the inner ring on the rotating side is locked. Thus, it is possible to provide a wheel bearing device with improved reliability.

It is a longitudinal section showing a 1st embodiment of a bearing device for wheels concerning the present invention. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the abnormality detection part of FIG. (A) is a principal part enlarged view which shows the modification of the abnormality detection part of FIG. 2, (b) is the III arrow directional view of (a). (A) is an arrow view which shows the modification of FIG.3 (b), (b) is an arrow view which shows the modification of (a). It is principal part sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the wheel bearing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the wheel bearing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the conventional wheel bearing apparatus.

  An outer member integrally having a vehicle body mounting flange to be attached to the suspension device on the outer periphery, a double row outer rolling surface formed integrally on the inner periphery, and a wheel mounting flange for attaching a wheel to one end And a hub wheel in which an inner rolling surface facing one of the double row outer rolling surfaces and a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface are formed on the outer periphery, and the hub An inner member comprising an inner ring press-fitted into a small-diameter step portion of the ring and having an inner rolling surface facing the other of the outer row rolling surfaces of the double row on the outer periphery; and the inner member and the outer member Mounted on both ends of an annular space formed between the outer member and the inner member, and a double row rolling element accommodated between the rolling surfaces via a cage. An annular space formed between the outer member and the inner ring in a wheel bearing device including a seal An abnormality detection unit for causing the driver to detect an abnormality in the bearing unit, and the abnormality detection unit includes an annular projection formed to protrude from the outer diameter of the inner ring, and a minute radial clearance in the annular projection. And a cylindrical detection surface formed on the inner periphery of the end of the outer member.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a wheel bearing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part showing an abnormality detecting unit of FIG. 1, and FIG. The principal part enlarged view which shows the modification of the abnormality detection part of (a), (b) is the III arrow directional view of (a), FIG. 4 (a) is an arrow directional view which shows the modification of FIG.3 (b), ( b) is an arrow view showing a modification of (a). In the following description, the side closer to the outer side of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle is referred to as the outer side (left side in FIG. 1), and the side closer to the center is referred to as the inner side (right side in FIG. 1).

  This wheel bearing device is for a drive wheel, and includes an inner member 1 and an outer member 10, and double row rolling elements (balls) 7 and 7 accommodated between the members 1 and 10 so as to be freely rollable. The third generation is configured. The inner member 1 includes a hub ring 2 and an inner ring 3 that is press-fitted and fixed to the hub ring 2.

  The hub wheel 2 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 4 for mounting a wheel at an end portion on the outer side, one (outer side) inner rolling surface 2a on the outer periphery, and an axial direction from the inner rolling surface 2a. A cylindrical small-diameter step portion 2b is formed, and a serration (or spline) 2c for torque transmission is formed on the inner periphery. Further, hub bolts 5 are planted in the circumferentially equidistant positions of the wheel mounting flanges 4. The inner ring 3 is formed with the other (inner side) inner rolling surface 3a on the outer periphery, and is press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion 2b of the hub ring 2 through a predetermined squeeze. Then, the end portion of the small-diameter step portion 2b is axially fixed to the hub wheel 2 with a predetermined bearing preload applied by a caulking portion 2d formed by plastic deformation of the end portion of the small-diameter step portion 2b radially outward. Yes.

  The hub wheel 2 is made of medium and high carbon steel containing carbon of 0.40 to 0.80 wt% such as S53C, and the wheel mounting flange 4 serving as a seal land portion of the outer side seal 8 to be described later, including the inner rolling surface 2a. The surface is hardened in the range of 58 to 64 HRC by induction quenching from the base 4a on the inner side to the small diameter step 2b. The caulking portion 2d is a raw unquenched portion after forging. On the other hand, the inner ring 3 and the rolling element 7 are made of high carbon chrome steel such as SUJ2, and are hardened in the range of 58 to 64 HRC up to the core part by quenching.

  The outer member 10 integrally has a vehicle body mounting flange 10b to be attached to a knuckle (not shown) constituting a suspension device on the outer periphery, and the inner rolling surfaces 2a and 3a of the inner member 1 on the inner periphery. Opposing double-row outer rolling surfaces 10a and 10a are integrally formed. Between these rolling surfaces 10a, 2a and 10a, 3a, double row rolling elements 7, 7 are accommodated via a cage 6 so as to roll freely. The outer member 10 is formed of medium-high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon such as S53C, and at least the double row outer raceway surfaces 10a and 10a have a surface in the range of 58 to 64HRC by induction hardening. It has been cured.

  Further, seals 8 and 9 are attached to both ends of the outer member 10 to seal the opening of the annular space formed between the outer member 10 and the inner member 1. The seals 8 and 9 prevent leakage of the lubricating grease sealed inside the bearing and intrusion of rainwater and dust from the outside into the bearing.

  The seal 8 on the outer side of the seals 8 and 9 includes a cored bar 11 attached to the outer side end of the outer member 10 and a seal member 12 integrally joined to the cored bar 11 by vulcanization adhesion. It is comprised by the integrated seal which becomes. The core 11 is formed by pressing austenitic stainless steel plate (JIS standard SUS304 type or the like) or cold rolled steel plate (JIS standard SPCC type or the like) into a substantially U-shaped cross section. On the other hand, the seal member 12 is made of synthetic rubber such as NBR (acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber), and is formed to be inclined to the side lip 12a and the dust lip 12b formed to be inclined outward in the radial direction, and to the inner side of the bearing. The grease lip 12c is integrally provided.

  The base portion 4a on the inner side of the wheel mounting flange 4 is formed in a curved surface having an arc-shaped cross section. The side lip 12a and the dust lip 12b are slidably contacted with the base portion 4a with a predetermined axial squeeze, and the grease lip 12c is predetermined. Are in sliding contact with each other through a radial shimoshiro. In addition to NBR, the material of the seal member 12 is excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance, such as HNBR (hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber), EPDM (ethylene propylene rubber), etc., which have excellent heat resistance. Examples thereof include ACM (polyacrylic rubber), FKM (fluororubber), and silicon rubber.

  Further, the seal 9 on the inner side of the seals 8 and 9 is constituted by a so-called pack seal composed of a slinger 13 and an annular seal plate 14 disposed to face each other. The slinger 13 is formed from a ferritic stainless steel plate (JIS standard SUS430 series, etc.), an austenitic stainless steel plate, or a cold-rolled steel plate that has been rust-proofed by pressing, and the cross-section is formed in a substantially L shape. As shown in enlarged view in FIG. 2, a cylindrical portion 13a that is press-fitted into the outer diameter of the inner ring 3 and a standing plate portion 13b that extends radially outward from the cylindrical portion 13a are provided.

  On the other hand, the seal plate 14 includes a cored bar 15 attached to the outer member 10 and a seal member 16 integrally joined to the cored bar 15 by vulcanization adhesion. The core metal 15 is formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section by press working from an austenitic stainless steel plate or a cold-rolled steel plate that has been rust-proofed, and is a cylindrical shape that is press-fitted into the inner periphery of the end of the outer member 10. A fitting portion 15a and an inner diameter portion 15b extending radially inward from the fitting portion 15a are provided.

  The seal member 16 is made of a synthetic rubber such as NBR, and includes a side lip 16a extending obliquely outward in the radial direction, a grease lip 16b and a dust lip 16c formed in a bifurcated shape. The side lip 16a of the seal member 16 is disposed opposite to the standing plate portion 13b of the slinger 13 via a predetermined axial clearance, and the grease lip 16b and the dust lip 16c are arranged in a predetermined radial direction on the cylindrical portion 13a of the slinger 13. It is slidably contacted through shimeiro. The seal plate 14 and the slinger 13 or a magnetic encoder 17 described later face each other through a slight radial clearance e to constitute a labyrinth seal. In addition to NBR, examples of the material for the seal member 16 include HNBR, EPDM, etc. excellent in heat resistance, ACM, FKM, silicon rubber, etc. excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance. Can do.

  A magnetic encoder 17 is integrally joined to the inner side surface of the standing plate portion 13b of the slinger 13 by vulcanization adhesion. In the magnetic encoder 17, magnetic powder such as ferrite is mixed in an elastomer such as synthetic rubber, and the magnetic poles N and S are magnetized alternately at equal pitches in the circumferential direction.

  In addition, although the wheel bearing apparatus comprised by the double row angular contact ball bearing which used the ball for the rolling element 7 was illustrated here, this invention is not limited to this, The double row using the tapered roller for the rolling element 7 You may be comprised with the tapered roller bearing. Furthermore, it is not limited to the illustrated third generation structure, but may be a first, second generation structure, or a fourth generation structure.

  Here, an annular convex portion 18 is integrally formed on the outer diameter of the inner ring 3, and a hardened cylindrical detection surface 19 is formed on the inner periphery of the inner side end of the outer member 10. 19 and the annular convex portion 18 of the inner ring 3 are opposed to each other through a minute radial clearance ε to constitute an abnormality detecting portion 20. The minute radial clearance ε is set to be larger than the radial run-out value of the outer member 10 and the inner ring 3 and smaller than the radial clearance e of the labyrinth seal of the seal 9. Specifically, the diameter (2ε) is set in the range of 0.06 to 1.00 mm. If the radial clearance 2ε is less than 0.06 mm, the detection surface 19 and the annular projection 18 may come into contact with each other even when the bearing portion is normal, and exceeds 1.00 mm. If it is set large, even if an abnormality occurs in the bearing portion, the seal plate 14 of the seal 9 and the slinger 13 may come into contact with each other before the detection surface 19 and the annular projection 18 come into contact with each other, which is not preferable.

  In the present embodiment, an annular convex portion 18 is integrally formed on the outer diameter of the inner ring 3 on the rotation side, and a cylindrical detection surface 19 is formed on the inner periphery of the inner side end of the outer member 10 on the fixed side. The detection surface 19 and the annular projection 18 of the inner ring 3 are opposed to each other via a minute radial clearance ε, and the abnormality detection unit 20 is configured, so that peeling and wear are promoted on each rolling surface. Sometimes, the annular projection 18 and the detection surface 19 come into contact with each other, and abnormal noise or vibration can be generated to notify the driver of the abnormality. That is, when peeling or wear is promoted on each rolling surface, the eccentricity between the inner ring 3 and the outer member 10 increases and comes into contact with each other beyond the minute radial clearance ε between the detection surface 19 and the annular projection 18. Become. As a result, it is possible to provide a wheel bearing device in which an abnormality of the bearing portion is detected in advance, and, for example, the inner ring 3 on the rotating side is prevented from being locked and the reliability is improved.

  FIG. 3A shows a modification of the abnormality detection unit in FIG. Note that this embodiment is basically different from the above-described embodiment only in the shape of the facing surface, and other parts having the same parts or the same functions as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed. Description is omitted.

  Similar to the embodiment described above (here, the seal is not shown), the annular convex portion 21 is integrally formed on the outer diameter of the inner ring 3 ′, and the inner peripheral end inner periphery of the outer member 10 ′. A cylindrical detection surface 22 is formed, and the detection surface 22 and the annular convex portion 21 face each other with a small radial clearance ε to constitute an abnormality detection unit 23.

  Here, as shown in (b), a plurality of concave portions 21a, 22a are formed by annular forging on the annular convex portion 21 and the detection surface 22 in a circumferentially equidistant shape, and the opposing surface is formed into a concave and convex shape. Yes. As a result, peeling and wear are promoted on each rolling surface, and when the annular convex portion 21 and the detection surface 22 come into contact with each other, an abnormal noise and vibration larger than those in the above-described embodiment are generated, and the driver is surely abnormal. Not only can this be informed, but also wear during contact of the concavo-convex portions can be suppressed.

  FIG. 4A shows a modification of the above-described embodiment (FIG. 3). In this embodiment, a plurality of concave portions 24a and 25a are formed in the annular convex portion 24 and the cylindrical detection surface 25, respectively, and a predetermined inclination angle α is formed on the wall surfaces of the concave portions 24a and 25a. α is set in the range of 45 ° to 15 °. Thereby, even if the annular convex part 24 and the detection surface 25 contact, both rotate relatively and it can prevent the lock | rock of the inner ring | wheel used as a rotation side. If the inclination angle α exceeds 45 °, the inner ring on the rotating side may be locked at the time of contact, and if it is less than 15 °, the effect of the recesses 24a and 25a is halved.

  (B) shows the modification of (a). In this embodiment, a plurality of recesses 24a ′ and 25a ′ are formed in the annular protrusion 24 ′ and the cylindrical detection surface 25 ′, respectively, and the corners of the wall surfaces of the recesses 24a ′ and 25a ′ have a curvature radius R. It is formed in the circular arc shape which consists of. Thereby, even if the annular convex portion 24 ′ and the detection surface 25 ′ are in contact with each other, both of them smoothly rotate relative to each other, and the inner ring on the rotation side can be further prevented from being locked.

  FIG. 5: is principal part sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the wheel bearing apparatus which concerns on this invention. This embodiment basically differs from the above-described embodiment (FIG. 1) only in part in the configuration of the hub wheel and the outer member, and other parts having the same parts or the same functions as the above-described embodiment. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The hub wheel 26 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 4 at an end portion on the outer side, and an inner rolling surface 2a is formed on the outer periphery. The base portion 4a on the inner side of the wheel mounting flange 4 is formed in a curved surface having a circular cross section, and the side lip 12a and the dust lip 12b of the seal 8 are slidably contacted with the base portion 4a with a predetermined axial squeezing force, and the grease lip 12c is slidably contacted via a predetermined radial shimiro. On the other hand, the outer member 27 has a double-row outer rolling surface 10a formed on the inner periphery.

  Here, a step portion 28 is formed between the side surface 4b on the inner side of the wheel mounting flange 4 and the base portion 4a. On the other hand, a stepped portion 29 is also formed on the inner periphery of the outer end portion of the outer member 27. Then, the step portion 29 of the outer member 27 and the step portion 28 of the hub wheel 26 are opposed to each other via a minute radial clearance to constitute an abnormality detection portion 30. Thereby, when peeling and wear are promoted on each rolling surface, the opposed step portions 28 and 29 come into contact with each other, and abnormal noise and vibration can be generated to notify the driver of the abnormality.

  FIG. 5: is principal part sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the wheel bearing apparatus which concerns on this invention. Note that this embodiment is basically the same as the above-described embodiment (FIG. 1) except that the configuration of the outer member is partially different, and the same parts and portions having the same functions as the above-described embodiment. Reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, an annular convex portion 32 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer end portion of the outer member 31, and an annular groove 33 is formed at the root portion of the annular convex portion 32. And the annular convex part 32 opposes the hub volt | bolt 5 via a minute radial clearance, and the abnormality detection part 34 is comprised. As a result, when peeling or wear is promoted on each rolling surface, the facing hub bolt 5 and the annular convex portion 32 of the outer member 31 come into contact with each other, and abnormal noise or vibration is generated to notify the driver of the abnormality. it can.

  Here, the outer end surface 31a of the outer member 31 is opposed to the inner side surface 4b of the wheel mounting flange 4 via a slight axial clearance, whereby the labyrinth seal 35 is configured. By adopting such a configuration, rain water or muddy water is applied to the outer member 31 during traveling of the vehicle and flows along the outer peripheral surface to flow between the wheel mounting flange 4 and the outer member 31, and the outer side seal 8. Intrusion into the vehicle can be prevented, and the muddy water that has flowed can be discharged downward (on the road surface side) by the principle of dredging by the annular convex portion 32 and the annular groove 33, and can be sealed for a long period of time. 8 can improve the sealing performance and durability.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and is merely an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further, the equivalent meanings described in the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope of the scope of the present invention are included. Including.

  The wheel bearing device according to the present invention includes first to fourth abnormality detection units that allow a driver to sense an abnormality in a bearing portion in an annular space formed between an outer member and an inner member. It can be applied to next generation wheel bearing devices.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inner member 2, 26 Hub wheel 2a, 3a Inner rolling surface 2b Small diameter step part 2c Serration 2d Clamping part 3, 3 'Inner ring 4 Wheel mounting flange 4a Inner side base 4b of wheel mounting flange Inner of wheel mounting flange Side face 5 Hub bolt 6 Cage 7 Rolling element 8 Outer side seal 9 Inner side seal 10, 10 ', 27, 31 Outer member 10a Outer rolling surface 10b Car body mounting flange 11, 15 Core metal 12, 16 Seal Member 12a, 16a Side lip 12b, 16c Dustrip 12c, 16b Grease lip 13 Slinger 13a Cylindrical part 13b Standing plate part 14 Sealing plate 15a Fitting part 15b Inner diameter part 17 Magnetic encoder 18, 21, 24, 24 ', 32 Annular convex Units 19, 22, 25, 25 'Detection surfaces 20, 23, 30, 34 Anomaly detection units 21a, 22a, 24 a, 24a ′, 25a, 25a ′ Recesses 28, 29 Stepped portion 31a End surface 33 on the outer side of the outer member Annular groove
35 labyrinth seal 50 wheel bearing device 51 outer member 51a outer rolling surface 51b vehicle body mounting flange 52 inner member 53 hub wheel 53a, 54a inner rolling surface 53b small diameter step 53c serration 54 inner ring 55 cage 56 rolling element 57 58 Seal 59 Wheel mounting flange 60 Rotation sensor 61 Magnetic encoder 62 Magnetic sensor 63 Sensor mounting member 64 Elastic lip 65 Constant velocity universal joint 66 Outer joint member 67 Antilock brake system 68 ECU
69 Bearing abnormality detection function section 70 Duty ratio calculation means 71 Abnormality determination means e Radial clearance R of labyrinth seal R Radius of curvature of concave wall surface inclination angle ε of concave wall surface Radial clearance of abnormality detection section

Claims (11)

An outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery;
An inner member in which a double row inner rolling surface facing the outer row rolling surface of the double row is formed on the outer periphery;
A double row rolling element housed between the rolling surfaces of the inner member and the outer member so as to be freely rollable via a cage;
In a wheel bearing device comprising a seal mounted at both ends of an annular space formed between the outer member and the inner member,
An annular space formed between the outer member and the inner member is provided with an abnormality detection portion of the bearing portion, and the abnormality detection portion is radially formed on one of the outer member and the inner member. For a wheel characterized by comprising an annular convex portion formed so as to protrude, and a cylindrical detection surface formed on the other member, facing the annular convex portion via a minute radial clearance. Bearing device.   The inner member integrally has a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, a hub wheel having a small-diameter step formed on the outer periphery, and at least one press-fitted into the small-diameter step of the hub wheel The inner ring is formed integrally with the outer diameter of the inner ring, and the detection surface is formed on the inner periphery of the outer member. The detection surface and the annular protrusion have a small diameter. The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality detection unit is configured to face each other via a directional clearance.   The inner member integrally has a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, a hub wheel having a small-diameter step formed on the outer periphery, and at least one press-fitted into the small-diameter step of the hub wheel An inner ring, a step is formed between the inner side surface and the base of the wheel mounting flange, and a step is formed on the inner periphery of the outer end of the outer member. The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the step portion of the hub wheel is opposed to the step portion through a small radial clearance, and the abnormality detection unit is configured.   The inner member integrally has a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, a hub wheel having a small-diameter step formed on the outer periphery, and at least one press-fitted into the small-diameter step of the hub wheel A hub bolt comprising an inner ring is implanted at a circumferentially equidistant position of the wheel mounting flange, and an annular convex portion is formed on the outer periphery of the outer side end of the outer member. The annular convex portion and the hub bolt The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the anomaly detector is configured to face each other through a minute radial clearance.   An annular groove is formed at the base of the annular convex portion of the outer member, and the outer end surface of the outer member is opposed to the inner side surface of the wheel mounting flange via a slight axial clearance. The wheel bearing device according to claim 4, wherein a labyrinth seal is configured.   3. The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of concave portions are formed in the annular convex portion and the detection surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction by forging, and the opposing surface has an uneven shape.   The wheel bearing device according to claim 6, wherein a predetermined inclination angle is formed on a wall surface of the recess.   The wheel bearing device according to claim 7, wherein the inclination angle is set in a range of 45 ° to 15 °.   The wheel bearing device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a corner portion of the wall surface of the recess is formed in an arc shape having a predetermined radius of curvature.   The wheel bearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the abnormality detection unit is cured.   The wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a radial clearance of the abnormality detection unit is set to be larger than a radial run-out value of the outer member and the inner member and smaller than a labyrinth clearance of the seal. Bearing device.

Images