JP2012093386A - Display sheet, manufacturing method thereof, display device and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display sheet capable of exhibiting a high contrast, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device provided with the display sheet, and further to provide an electronic apparatus with high reliability.SOLUTION: A display device 20 comprises: a substrate 12; a counter substrate 11 disposed opposite to the substrate 12; a display layer 400 interposed between the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11 and filled with dispersion liquid 100 containing white particles A and black particles B dispersed in a dispersion medium 7; and partition members 6 disposed inside the display layer 400 and dividing the display layer 400 into a plurality of regions S. The width W of each of the plurality of regions S is 5 times or more and 100 times or less of an average particle diameter of the particles in a plan view of the display layer 400.

Description

  The present invention relates to a display sheet, a display sheet manufacturing method, a display device, and an electronic apparatus.

For example, an electrophoretic display using particle electrophoresis is known as an image display unit of electronic paper (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The electrophoretic display has excellent portability and power saving, and is particularly suitable as an image display unit for electronic paper.
The electrophoretic display has a pair of electrodes arranged opposite to each other and a display layer provided between them, and the display layer includes, for example, positively charged white particles and negatively charged black particles. Are dispersed in a liquid phase dispersion medium. Such an electrophoretic display is configured to display a desired image by applying a voltage between a pair of electrodes and causing white particles and black particles to migrate in a desired direction.

Here, as a configuration of the display layer, a “partition wall type” is known in which a display layer is divided into a plurality of cells by partition walls as in Patent Document 1 and each cell is filled with a dispersion liquid. However, such a partition type has the following problems.
For example, when a white particle is moved to the display surface (one side) and a black particle is moved to the other side in a predetermined cell, a white display state in which white is displayed is obtained. However, due to the convection of the dispersion medium caused by such movement of the particles, part of the white particles moved to the display surface side is carried to the other side, and the displayed white reflectance is reduced. Similarly, when the black particles are moved to the display surface (one side) and the white particles are moved to the other side, a black display state is displayed in which black is displayed, but the display surface is displayed by the convection of the dispersion medium generated by the movement of the particles. Some of the black particles that have moved to the side are carried to the other side, and the displayed black reflectance increases.
Thus, the partition-type display device has a problem that the contrast of the display image is lowered.

JP 2010-44114 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a display sheet capable of exhibiting high contrast, a method for manufacturing the display sheet, a display device including the display sheet, and a highly reliable electronic device.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention described below.
The display sheet of the present invention includes a first substrate,
A second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate;
A display layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and filled with a dispersion liquid in which at least one kind of positively or negatively charged particles is dispersed in a dispersion medium;
A partition member provided in the display layer and dividing the display layer into a plurality of regions in plan view of the display layer;
In the plan view of the display layer, the width of the region is 5 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the particles.
Thereby, the display sheet which can exhibit high contrast can be provided.

In the display sheet of the present invention, the partition member is composed of a film-like porous member in which a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction is formed, and each of the through holes constitutes the region. preferable.
Thereby, the structure of a partition member becomes simple.
In the display sheet of the present invention, when the width of the hole is W and the length is L, L / W is preferably 1 or more and 1000 or less.
Thereby, it becomes a display sheet with higher contrast.
In the display sheet of the present invention, the porous member is preferably formed by anodizing a film made of a metal material.
Thereby, a porous member can be formed easily and precisely.

In the display sheet of the present invention, the partition member is provided in contact with the first substrate and the second substrate,
It is preferable that openings at both ends of the through hole are closed by the first substrate and the second substrate.
Thereby, since the particles can be confined in the through holes, it is possible to prevent the deviation of the particles in the in-plane direction of the display surface. Therefore, a clear image without unevenness can be displayed on the display surface.
In the display sheet of this invention, it is preferable that the said partition member has an electroconductive part which has electroconductivity, and the said 1st board | substrate and the said 2nd board | substrate are electrically connected through the said electroconductive part.
This simplifies the device configuration.

In the display sheet of the present invention, a height of the partition member is lower than a separation distance between the first substrate and the second substrate,
Preferably, the partition member is fixedly provided in the display layer so that a gap is formed between the partition member and the first substrate.
Thereby, the partition member does not stand out when viewed from the display surface, and the display characteristics are improved.
In the display sheet of the present invention, it is preferable that a gap formed between the partition member and the first substrate is 1 to 5 times the average particle diameter of the particles.
Thereby, particles can enter between the partition wall member and the first substrate. Therefore, display characteristics are improved.

The display sheet manufacturing method of the present invention includes a step of preparing a first substrate,
Forming a metal film on one surface of the first substrate;
Obtaining a porous member having a plurality of through holes by anodizing the metal film;
Filling each through-hole of the porous member with a dispersion obtained by dispersing at least one kind of positively or negatively charged particles in a dispersion medium;
Bonding the partition member and the second substrate,
In the plan view of the display layer, the width of the through hole is 5 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the particles.
Thereby, the display sheet which can exhibit high contrast can be manufactured easily.

The display device of the present invention includes the display sheet of the present invention.
Thereby, a highly reliable display device is obtained.
An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the display device according to the present invention.
As a result, a highly reliable electronic device can be obtained.

It is sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of the display apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the problem of the conventional display apparatus. It is a top view of the display apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the drive of the display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the display apparatus of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the partition member which the display apparatus shown in FIG. 7 has. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the display apparatus of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view for demonstrating the effect of the display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows 4th Embodiment of the display apparatus of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the display sheet shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to electronic paper. It is a figure which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to a display.

Hereinafter, a display sheet, a display device, an electronic device, and a method for manufacturing a display sheet of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
1. Display Device First, a display device incorporating the display sheet of the present invention will be described.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a display device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing problems of a conventional display device, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the display device shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view for explaining the driving of the display device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are partially enlarged sectional views for explaining a method for manufacturing the display device 20 shown in FIG. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the upper side in FIG. 1 will be described as “upper” and the lower side as “lower”.

A display device 20 (display device of the present invention) shown in FIG. 1 is an electrophoretic display device that displays a desired image using particle migration. The display device 20 includes a display sheet (front plane) 21 and a circuit board (back plane) 22.
As shown in FIG. 1, the display sheet 21 is provided on a substrate (first substrate) 12 including a flat base 2 and a second electrode 4 provided on the lower surface of the base 2, and the substrate 12. And a display layer 400 filled with the dispersion liquid 100. In such a display sheet 21, the upper surface of the substrate 12 constitutes the display surface 121. Hereinafter, the display surface 121 refers to a region overlapping the display layer 400 on the upper surface of the substrate 12 in a plan view of the display device 20, and other regions (for example, a region overlapping a sealing portion 9 described later). Shall be excluded.

On the other hand, the circuit board 22 has a counter substrate 11 having a flat base 1 and a plurality of first electrodes 3 provided on the upper surface of the base 1 and a circuit (not shown) provided on the counter substrate 11. is doing. The circuit includes, for example, TFTs (switching elements) arranged in a matrix, gate lines and data lines formed corresponding to the TFTs, a gate driver that applies a desired voltage to the gate lines, and a desired data line. A data driver for applying the voltage of the gate driver, and a control unit for controlling the driving of the gate driver and the data driver.
In such a display device 20, the counter substrate 11 also serves as the second substrate of the display sheet 21.

Hereinafter, the structure of each part is demonstrated sequentially.
The base 1 and the base 2 are each composed of a sheet-like (flat plate) member, and have a function of supporting and protecting each member disposed therebetween. Each of the base portions 1 and 2 may be either flexible or hard, but is preferably flexible. By using the bases 1 and 2 having flexibility, it is possible to obtain a display device 20 having flexibility, that is, for example, a display device 20 useful in constructing electronic paper.

  When each of the bases 1 and 2 is flexible, the constituent materials thereof are, for example, polyesters such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), polyolefins such as polyethylene, modified polyolefins, Various thermoplastic elastomers such as polyamide, thermoplastic polyimide, polyether, polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, chlorinated polyethylene, etc., or copolymers, blends, polymer alloys, etc. mainly comprising these, etc. 1 type or 2 types or more can be mixed and used.

  The average thicknesses of the bases 1 and 2 are appropriately set depending on the constituent material, application, and the like, and are not particularly limited. More preferably, it is about 25 μm or more and 250 μm or less. Thereby, size reduction (especially thickness reduction) of the display apparatus 20 can be achieved, aiming at harmony with the softness | flexibility and intensity | strength of the display apparatus 20. FIG.

  The first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 that form a layer (film shape) are provided on the surfaces of the bases 1 and 2 on the display layer 400 side, that is, on the upper surface of the base 1 and the lower surface of the base 2, respectively. ing. In the present embodiment, the second electrode 4 is a common electrode, and the first electrode 3 is an individual electrode (pixel electrode connected to a TFT) divided in a matrix (matrix). In such a display device 20, a region where one first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 overlap constitute one pixel Pix.

The constituent materials of the electrodes 3 and 4 are not particularly limited as long as they are substantially conductive, for example, metal materials such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum or alloys containing these, carbon black, etc. An ionic substance such as NaCl, Cu (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ is dispersed in a carbon-based material, an electroconductive polymer material such as polyacetylene, polyfluorene or a derivative thereof, or a matrix resin such as polyvinyl alcohol or polycarbonate. Various conductive materials such as ion conductive polymer materials, conductive oxide materials such as indium oxide (IO), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), etc. 1 type or 2 types or more can be used in combination.
Further, the average thickness of the electrodes 3 and 4 is appropriately set depending on the constituent material and application, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.01 μm or more and 10 μm or less, preferably 0.02 μm or more and 5 μm or less. More preferred is the degree.

  Here, among the bases 1 and 2 and the electrodes 3 and 4, the base and the electrode disposed on the display surface 121 side are each transparent, that is, substantially transparent (colorless and transparent, colored Transparent or translucent). In the present embodiment, since the upper surface of the substrate 12 constitutes the display surface 121, at least the base 2 and the second electrode 4 are substantially transparent. Thereby, the state of the white particles A and the black particles B in the dispersion 100, that is, the information (image) displayed on the display device 20 can be easily recognized visually from the display surface 121 side.

A sealing portion 9 is provided between the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11 along the edges. The display layer 400 is hermetically sealed by the sealing portion 9. Thereby, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering the display device 20 and more reliably prevent display performance deterioration of the display device 20.
The constituent material of the sealing portion 9 is not particularly limited. For example, a thermoplastic resin such as an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or an olefin resin, an epoxy resin, a melamine resin, or a heat such as a phenol resin. Various resin materials such as a curable resin can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
The display layer 400 is filled with the dispersion liquid 100. Further, a partition wall member 6 is provided in the display layer 400.
Dispersion liquid 100 is obtained by dispersing white particles (first particles) A and black particles (second particles) B, which are charged to opposite poles, in dispersion medium 7.

  As the dispersion medium 7, a medium having a relatively high insulating property is preferably used. Examples of the dispersion medium 7 include various types of water (for example, distilled water, pure water, etc.), alcohols such as methanol, cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve, esters such as methyl acetate, ketones such as acetone, pentane and the like. Aliphatic hydrocarbons (liquid paraffin), cyclohexane and other alicyclic hydrocarbons, benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons, methylene chloride and other halogenated hydrocarbons, pyridine and other aromatic heterocycles and acetonitrile Nitriles such as amides, amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide, carboxylates, silicone oils or other various oils, and the like, and these can be used alone or as a mixture.

  Among these, as the dispersion medium 7, an aliphatic hydrocarbon (liquid paraffin) or a material mainly composed of silicone oil is preferable. The dispersion medium 7 containing liquid paraffin or silicone oil as the main component is preferable because it has a high aggregation suppressing effect on the white particles A and the black particles B. Thereby, it can prevent or suppress more reliably that the display performance of the display apparatus 20 deteriorates with time. In addition, liquid paraffin or silicone oil is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent weather resistance and high safety because it does not have an unsaturated bond.

  Further, in the dispersion medium 7, for example, an electrolyte, a surfactant such as an alkenyl succinate (anionic or cationic), a metal soap, a resin material, a rubber material, an oil, a varnish, a compound, as necessary. Various additives such as a charge control agent composed of particles such as a dispersant, a dispersant such as a silane coupling agent, a lubricant, and a stabilizer may be added. When the dispersion medium 7 is colored, various dyes such as anthraquinone dyes, azo dyes, and indigoid dyes may be dissolved in the dispersion medium 7 as necessary.

  The white particles A and the black particles B are particles that are charged and can be electrophoresed in the dispersion medium 7 by the action of an electric field. As the white particles A and the black particles B, any particles can be used as long as they have electric charges. Although not particularly limited, at least one of pigment particles, resin particles, or composite particles thereof is used. Preferably used. These particles have the advantage that they are easy to manufacture and the charge can be controlled relatively easily.

  Examples of the pigment constituting the pigment particles include black pigments such as aniline black, carbon black, titanium black and copper chromite, white pigments such as titanium oxide and antimony oxide, azo pigments such as monoazo, isoindolinone, Yellow pigments such as yellow lead, red pigments such as quinacridone red and chrome vermilion, blue pigments such as phthalocyanine blue and indanthrene blue, green pigments such as phthalocyanine green, etc. They can be used in combination.

Examples of the resin material constituting the resin particles include acrylic resin, urethane resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, polystyrene, polyester, and the like, and one or more of these are combined. Can be used.
The composite particles include, for example, those in which the surface of the pigment particles is coated with a resin material or other pigment, those in which the surface of the resin particles is coated with a pigment, or a mixture in which the pigment and the resin material are mixed at an appropriate composition ratio. The particle | grains comprised by these, etc. are mentioned.
Examples of particles obtained by coating the surface of pigment particles with other pigments include those obtained by coating the surface of titanium oxide particles with silicon oxide or aluminum oxide. Such particles are suitable as white particles A. Used. Carbon black particles or particles covering the surface thereof are preferably used as the black particles B.

  The shapes of the white particles A and the black particles B are not particularly limited, but are preferably spherical. Further, the average particle diameters of the white particles A and the black particles B are not particularly limited, but are preferably 10 nm or more and 500 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or more and 300 nm or less. If the average particle diameter of the white particles A and the black particles B is less than 10 nm, sufficient chromaticity cannot be obtained, and the contrast may be lowered and the display may become unclear. Conversely, when the average particle diameter of the white particles A and the black particles B exceeds 300 nm, it is necessary to increase the coloring degree of the particles themselves more than necessary, increasing the amount of pigments used and increasing the voltage for display. It is difficult to move the particles quickly at the portion where is applied, and the response speed may decrease.

In addition, the average particle diameter of the white particle A and the black particle B means the volume average particle diameter measured with a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring device (for example, product name: LB-500, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). To do.
In the present embodiment, the average particle diameters of the white particles A and the black particles B are set substantially equal to each other.

  The specific gravity of the white particles A and the black particles B is preferably substantially equal to the specific gravity of the dispersion medium 7. As a result, the white particles A and the black particles B stay in a certain position in the dispersion medium 7 for a long time even after the application of the voltage between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is stopped. can do. That is, a memory property can be given to the display device 20, and displayed information is held for a long time. Thereby, the power saving of the display apparatus 20 can be achieved.

Next, the partition member 6 will be described. Prior to that, problems that occur in the conventional partition-type display device will be described. Hereinafter, one pixel will be described as a representative.
In the conventional display device, the pitch of the partition walls (the width of one region surrounded by the partition walls) is very wide as 50 μm to 200 μm (more than 200 times the average particle diameter of the particles). Therefore, when the white particles A are moved to the second electrode 4 side and the black particles B are moved to the first electrode 3 side in order to display white on the display surface 121, the dispersion medium as shown in FIG. 7 convection occurs.

By such convection, a part of the white particles A that have moved to the second electrode 4 side is carried to the second electrode side, and the number of white particles A that have gathered on the second electrode 4 side is reduced. To do. As a result, the white reflectance displayed by this pixel is reduced. Furthermore, the white particles in the central part of the pixel are carried to the first electrode 3 side by convection, and therefore the reflectance of the white part in the central part is lower than the surrounding white color in this pixel, resulting in uneven color. appear.
The same phenomenon occurs when the black particles B are moved to the second electrode side and the white particles A are moved to the first electrode 3 side in order to display black.

As described above, in the conventional display device, the white reflectance to be displayed is lowered and the black reflectance is raised, so that the contrast is lowered. In addition, display color unevenness occurs in the pixel, so that it is difficult to display a clear image. That is, the conventional display device cannot exhibit excellent display characteristics.
The partition member 6 is used to solve such a problem, that is, to prevent or suppress the occurrence of convection of the dispersion medium and to make the display device 20 exhibit excellent display characteristics.

Hereinafter, the partition member 6 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 1, the partition wall member 6 is provided in the display layer 400 and is in contact with the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11.
As shown in FIG. 3, the partition member 6 has a function of dividing the display layer 400 into a plurality of regions S in a plan view of the display device 20. Such a partition member 6 includes a film-like base 61 and a plurality of through holes 62 formed in the base 61 and penetrating in the thickness direction. The inside of each through hole 62 defines the region S. It is composed.
Each region S is filled with the dispersion liquid 100. In other words, the partition wall member 6 is provided in the display layer 400 filled with the dispersion liquid 100.

The plurality of through holes 62 are regularly arranged in a matrix on the base 61. Thereby, the display characteristic of the display apparatus 20 can be made uniform in the display surface 121, and the display characteristic of the display apparatus 20 improves.
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of each through hole 62 is a hexagon, and the plurality of through holes 62 are arranged in a honeycomb shape. As a result, the through holes 62 can be formed in the base 61 in a close-packed manner. Further, since the regular hexagon is relatively close to a circle, the white particles A and the black particles B can be smoothly moved in the region S, and the display color switching speed is improved.
Note that the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 62 is not limited to a hexagon, and may be, for example, a circle, a triangle, or a quadrangle.

The maximum width W (maximum width of the region S) W of each through hole 62 is 5R or more and 100R or less, where R is the average particle diameter of the white particles A (black particles B). More preferably, it is 5R or more and 50R or less. By setting the width of the through hole 62 in such a numerical range, the convection of the dispersion medium 7 in each through hole 62 can be prevented or suppressed.
The width W of each through-hole 62 is not particularly limited as long as the above numerical range is satisfied, but is preferably 100 nm or more and 10 μm or less, and more preferably 500 nm or more and 5 μm or less. Thereby, the above effect becomes more remarkable.
Further, when the length of each through hole 62 is L, L / W (aspect ratio) is preferably 1 or more and 1000 or less, and more preferably 50 or more and 200 or less. By satisfying such a numerical range, the occurrence of convection in the dispersion medium can be more effectively prevented or suppressed.

  Moreover, the area occupation rate of the through-hole 62 in the base 61 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 70% or more. By setting it as such a numerical value range, when it sees from the display surface 121, the partition member 6 can be made inconspicuous. Further, many through holes 62 can be formed in the partition wall member 6. As a result, a clearer image can be displayed.

The height of the partition member 6 is almost equal to the height of the display layer 400. The partition member 6 is bonded and fixed to the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11 through an adhesive, for example. That is, the openings at both ends of each through hole 62 are blocked by the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11. Thereby, it can prevent that a clearance gap produces between the partition member 6 and the board | substrate 12, and the partition member 6 and the opposing board | substrate 11. FIG. Therefore, for example, when the display device 20 is erected so that the display surface 121 is parallel to the vertical direction, the white particles A and the black particles B move (set down) downward in the vertical direction through the gap. Can be prevented. As a result, the state in which the white particles A and the black particles B are substantially uniformly dispersed in the surface direction of the display layer 400 is maintained, and white or black having substantially the same reflectance between the pixels can be displayed. A clear image without unevenness can be displayed on 121.
The partition member 6 may not be bonded to the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11, and may be sandwiched between the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11, for example. Also by this, the same effect can be exhibited.

Moreover, the partition member 6 may be substantially colorless and transparent, or may be colored. When it is colored, the color is not particularly limited, but is preferably white.
The partition member 6 has a relatively high insulating property at least in the display region. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of leak current can be suppressed and the power saving of the drive of the display apparatus 20 can be achieved. Moreover, it is preferable that the partition member 6 has flexibility. Thereby, when the display device 20 is deformed, the partition wall member 6 is also deformed accordingly, so that damage or the like of the display device 20 can be effectively prevented or suppressed.

The partition member 6 is made of a metal oxide such as silica, alumina, and titania, and is made of a porous member (porous member) having a plurality of through holes. Each through hole 62 forms a region S. Thereby, manufacture of the partition member 6 becomes easy, and the through-holes 62 that are small and have the same cross-sectional area can be regularly formed.
Such a partition member (porous member) 6 can be formed by anodizing a member made of a metal material such as silicon, aluminum, or titanium, as will be described later. According to such a method, a denser and more accurate partition wall member 6 can be obtained.
In addition, as the partition member 6, a plurality of through holes were formed by various etchings on a sheet-like substrate composed of various resin materials such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, melamine resin, and phenol resin. A thing may be used.

2. Method for Driving Display Device Such a display device 20 is driven as follows.
When a voltage is applied between the electrodes 3 and 4, an electric field is generated between them. The white particles A and the black particles B move (electrophoresis) toward one of the electrodes 3 and 4 in accordance with this electric field. Below, the case where the white particle A which has a positive charge is used, and the negative particle is used as the black particle B will be representatively described. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, one pixel will be described as a representative.

-White display state-
When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 so that the first electrode 3 has a positive potential and the second electrode 4 has a negative potential, the electric field generated by the voltage application is displayed on the display layer. Acts on white particles A and black particles B in 400. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, the white particles A migrate to the second electrode 4 side and gather on the second electrode 4, and the black particles B migrate to the first electrode 3 side. Gather on the first electrode 3. As a result, a white display state in which white is displayed on the display surface 121 is achieved.

  At this time, since the width of each region S is relatively narrow, even if the white particles A and the black particles B move, the convection of the dispersion medium 7 does not occur (or only slightly occurs). Therefore, the movement of the white particles A that have moved to the second electrode 4 side to the first electrode 3 can be prevented or suppressed, and more white particles A have gathered to the second electrode 4 side. can do. As a result, the white reflectance displayed on the display surface 121 is improved. Furthermore, since the white particles A are gathered on the second electrode 4 over the entire area of the pixel, a uniform white color with no unevenness can be displayed within the pixel.

−Black display state−
When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 so that the first electrode 3 has a positive potential and the second electrode 4 has a negative potential, the electric field generated by the voltage application is displayed on the display layer. Acts on white particles A and black particles B in 400. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, the white particles A migrate to the first electrode 3 side and gather on the first electrode 3, and the black particles B migrate to the second electrode 4 side. Collect on the second electrode 4. As a result, a black display state in which black is displayed on the display surface 121 is achieved.

At this time, since the convection of the dispersion medium 7 does not occur as described above, the movement of the black particles B that have moved to the second electrode 4 side to the first electrode 3 can be prevented or suppressed. The black particles B can be gathered on the second electrode 4 side. As a result, the black reflectance displayed on the display surface 121 decreases. Furthermore, since the black particles B are gathered on the second electrode 4 over the entire area of the pixel, uniform black with no unevenness can be displayed within the pixel.
According to such a display device 20, since each pixel can display white having a higher reflectance and black having a lower reflectance, a high contrast can be exhibited. In addition, since the display color in each pixel is a uniform color without unevenness, an image can be displayed more clearly.

The driving of the display device 20 has been described above by taking one pixel as an example. In the display device 20, the white display state or the black display state is selected for each pixel, that is, the white display state pixel and the black display state are selected. A desired image is displayed on the display surface 121 by combining the pixels in the display state.
In the present embodiment, the white particles A and the black particles B are charged particles that are charged to opposite poles. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one of the white particles A and the black particles B is positive or negative. Charged charged particles may be used, and the other may be uncharged particles that are not substantially charged. In this case, the black particles B are preferably charged particles and the white particles A are preferably uncharged particles. In this case, when the black particles B are collected on the first electrode 3 side, a white display state is obtained, and when the black particles B are collected on the second electrode 4 side, a black display state is obtained. Further, by dispersing the white particles A, light from the display surface 121 can be reflected and diffused more efficiently, and white with higher reflectance can be displayed.

In the present embodiment, the white particles A and the black particles B have the same average particle diameter. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the average particle diameters may be different from each other. In this case, the width (maximum width) W of each through-hole 62 is 5R or more and 100R or less, where R is the average particle diameter of the smaller one of the white particles A and the black particles B. More preferably, it is 5R or more and 50R or less. By setting the width of the through hole 62 in such a numerical range, the convection of the dispersion medium 7 in each through hole 62 can be prevented or suppressed.
In this embodiment, two types of particles having different colors of the white particles A and the black particles B are used. However, one of the white particles A and the black particles B or one of the other color particles is used. May be.

Next, a method for manufacturing the display device 20 (a method for manufacturing a display sheet of the present invention) will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a substrate 12 is prepared. The substrate 12 is obtained, for example, by forming the second electrode 4 made of an ITO thin film on one surface of the base 2 made of PET. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, an aluminum thin film 500 is formed on the second electrode 4 of the substrate 12 by various film forming methods such as sputtering.

  Next, a mold (mold) 200 having a regular convex portion on the surface is pressed against the thin film 500 to form a depression corresponding to the convex portion of the mold 200 on the surface of the thin film 500 as shown in FIG. . The depression on the surface of the thin film 500 formed by this step serves as a starting point for anodization (that is, the central axis of the through hole 62) described later. Therefore, a recess is formed in accordance with the center of each through hole 62 of the designed partition wall member 6.

  Next, the thin film 500 is anodized by immersing the substrate 12 on which the thin film 500 is formed in an electrolyte solution (for example, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, etc.) and energizing the thin film 500 as an anode. Then, the thin film 500 is oxidized and, as shown in FIG. 6A, a large number of through holes 501 extending in the thickness direction are formed in the thin film 500, and a porous oxide film (anodized porous alumina, (Porous member) 510 is formed. Thereby, the partition member 6 formed on the board | substrate 12 is obtained.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the dispersion liquid 100 is filled into each through-hole 62 formed in the partition wall member 6. Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, the counter substrate 11 is bonded to the partition wall member 6 through an adhesive (not shown). Finally, a display device 20 is obtained by forming a sealing portion made of an epoxy adhesive between the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11.
According to such a method for manufacturing the display device 20, a denser partition wall member 6 can be obtained. Further, since the partition wall member 6 can be directly formed on the substrate 12, the display device 20 can be easily manufactured.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the display device of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a method for manufacturing a partition member included in the display device shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
The display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the display device of the first embodiment except that a part of the partition member obtained by anodizing a metal substrate is not anodized. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to 1st Embodiment mentioned above.

  In the display device 20 of the present embodiment, the partition wall member 6 is formed by anodizing a metal material such as aluminum, titanium, or silicon as described in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the partition member 6 of the present embodiment has a conductive portion 61 ′ that is a portion that is not anodized, that is, a portion that is made of the original metal material and has conductivity. The conductive portion 61 ′ conducts the second electrode 4 and a circuit (not shown) formed on the counter substrate 11. In this way, by using a part of the partition wall member 6 as the conduction means, the configuration of the display device 20 can be simplified.

The conductive portion 61 ′ can be formed as follows, for example.
First, as shown in FIG. 8A, a substrate 12 is prepared, and an aluminum thin film 500 is formed on the second electrode 4, for example. Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, an anti-oxidation mask M is formed on the surface of the thin film 500 on the portion corresponding to the conductive portion 61 ′. Next, the thin film 500 is anodized by immersing the substrate 12 in an electrolyte solution and energizing the thin film as an anode. Then, as shown in FIG. 8C, only the portion of the thin film 500 where the mask M is not formed is oxidized, and the portion where the mask M is formed is not oxidized. That is, since the portion where the mask M is formed is made of the original metal material, it has conductivity and functions as the conductive portion 61 ′. Thereby, the partition member 6 is obtained.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a third embodiment of the display device of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged sectional view for explaining the effect of the display device shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
The display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as the display device of the first embodiment except that a gap is formed between the substrate and the partition member. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to 1st Embodiment mentioned above. Moreover, below, the case where the average particle diameter of the white particle A and the black particle B is mutually substantially equal is demonstrated.

  In the display device 20 shown in FIG. 9, the partition wall member 6 is fixed to the counter substrate 11 and is provided in non-contact with the substrate 12. The height of the partition wall member 6 is set to be smaller than the thickness of the display layer 400 (the separation distance between the substrate 12 and the counter substrate 11). Specifically, when the height of the partition wall member 6 is H and the average particle diameter of the white particles A (black particles B) is R, the height of the display layer 400 is (H + 1R) or more and (H + 10R) or less. Is preferred. In other words, in the display device 20, it is preferable that a gap of 1R or more and 5R or less is formed between the partition wall member 6 and the substrate 12. Thereby, the display characteristics can be further improved.

  Specifically, since white particles A can enter between the substrate 12 and the partition wall member 6 in the white display state, substantially the entire display surface 121 can display an effective display area (display color). Area), and excellent display characteristics can be exhibited. Further, since the partition member 6 is covered by the particles entering between the substrate 12 and the partition member 6, and the partition member 6 is not visually recognized from the display surface 121, the partition member 6 is prevented from adversely affecting the display. And excellent display characteristics can be exhibited. The same applies to the black display state.

  Furthermore, the white particles A and the black particles B can be prevented or suppressed from moving downward in the vertical direction when the display device 20 is erected like a book while exhibiting the effects as described above. For example, when the display device 20 in the white display state is erected so that the display surface 121 is parallel to the vertical direction, the particles in contact with the second electrode 4 in the white particles A and the vicinity of the second electrode 4 The position of the particles positioned at can be maintained by the adsorption force with the second electrode 4. Furthermore, since these particles are moving irregularly and minutely (Brownian motion) in the dispersion medium 7, the positions can be maintained macroscopically.

On the other hand, the particles of white particles A that are relatively far from the second electrode 4 do not act as described above and try to move downward due to their own weight, but as shown in FIG. This movement is prevented or suppressed by the partition member 6. The same effect can be exhibited for the black particles B in the black display state.
Therefore, in the display device 20 of the present embodiment, since the increase or decrease in the number of white particles A and black particles B can be prevented or suppressed in each region S, a white display state having a high reflectance or a low reflectance is achieved. The black display state can be maintained, and high contrast can be exhibited. Further, in the display device 20 according to the present embodiment, the unevenness of particles in the display layer 400 can be effectively prevented or suppressed, so that a clear image without unevenness can be displayed on the display surface 121. .
In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the partition wall member 6 is fixed to the counter substrate 11 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the partition wall member 6 may be suspended in the dispersion liquid 100.

  In the present embodiment, the white particles A and the black particles B are charged particles that are charged to opposite poles. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one of the white particles A and the black particles B is positive or negative. Charged charged particles may be used, and the other may be non-charged particles that are not substantially charged. In this case, when the height of the partition wall member 6 is H and the average particle diameter of the charged particles of the white particles A and the black particles B is R, the height of the display layer 400 (opposite the substrate 12). It suffices if the numerical value range of (H + 1R) to (H + 5R) is satisfied. This is because the uncharged particles are kept dispersed in the dispersion medium 7 regardless of the presence or absence of an electric field and the orientation of the display device 20, and therefore, it is difficult for the uncharged particles to move downward in the vertical direction as described above. This is because it is sufficient to prevent the settling of charged particles.

In this case, the average particle diameter of the uncharged particles is preferably larger than the gap between the partition wall member 6 and the substrate 12 (the maximum value of the gap that can be generated). Thereby, the movement of uncharged particles between pixels can be reliably prevented.
In this case, the black particles B are preferably charged particles and the white particles A are preferably uncharged particles. In this case, when the black particles B are collected on the first electrode 3 side, a white display state is obtained, and when the black particles B are collected on the second electrode 4 side, a black display state is obtained. Further, by dispersing the white particles A, light from the display surface 121 can be reflected and diffused more efficiently, and white with higher reflectance can be displayed.

  In the present embodiment, the white particles A and the black particles B have the same average particle diameter. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the average particle diameters may be different from each other. In this case, when the height of the partition wall member 6 is H and the average particle diameter of the particles having the smaller average particle diameter among the white particles A and the black particles B is R, the height of the display layer 400 (with the substrate 12 and The distance between the counter substrate 11 and the counter substrate 11 only needs to satisfy a numerical range of (H + 1R) to (H + 10R).

<Fourth embodiment>
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the display device of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the display sheet shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, the fourth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
The display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the first embodiment except that the display sheet is configured as a separate body.

As shown in FIG. 11, the display device 20E of the present embodiment includes a display sheet 21E and a writing device 22E.
As shown in FIG. 12, the display sheet 21E includes a substrate (first substrate) 12E, a substrate (second substrate) 11E disposed opposite to the substrate 12E, and a display layer 400 provided between the substrates 12E and 11E. And the partition member 6 provided in the display layer 400 and the sealing portion 9 that seals the display layer 400. Since the substrates 12E and 11E have the same configuration as the base 2 of the substrate 12 of the first embodiment described above, description thereof is omitted.

  The writing device 22E is a device used when writing a desired image (pattern, color, character, picture, or a combination thereof) on the display sheet 21E. As shown in FIG. 11, the writing device 22E is common to a pedestal 221E, a sheet-like common electrode 222E provided on the pedestal 221E, and a writing pen (input tool) 224E provided with a partial electrode 223E at the tip. Voltage application means 225E for applying a voltage between the electrode 222E and the partial electrode 223E.

Such a display device 20E is used as follows, for example.
First, the display sheet 21E in which the entire display surface 121 is in a white display state is placed on the common electrode 222E of the writing device 22E with the display surface 121 facing upward. Next, a voltage at which the partial electrode 223E side is at a low potential is applied between the common electrode 222E and the partial electrode 223E by the voltage applying means 225E. In this state, by moving the writing pen 224E along a desired locus while being in contact with the display surface 121, particles migrate in an area corresponding to the locus, and the display color changes from white to black.
According to such a display device 20E, a desired character or the like can be drawn on the display surface 121 of the display sheet 21E with the same feeling as drawing a character or the like on paper with a pencil. Therefore, the operability (operation feeling) of the display device 20E is improved.

  Each of the display devices 20 described above can be incorporated into various electronic devices. As an electronic apparatus of the present invention provided with an electrophoretic display device, for example, an electronic paper, an electronic book, a television, a viewfinder type, a monitor direct view type video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, an electronic notebook, a calculator, an electronic newspaper, Examples include a word processor, a personal computer, a workstation, a videophone, a POS terminal, and a device equipped with a touch panel.

Of these electronic devices, an electronic paper will be described as an example for specific description.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper.
An electronic paper 600 shown in FIG. 13 includes a main body 601 composed of a rewritable sheet having the same texture and flexibility as paper, and a display unit 602. In such electronic paper 600, the display unit 602 includes the display device 20 as described above.

Next, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display will be described.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display. 14A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 14B is a plan view.
A display (display device) 800 shown in FIG. 14 includes a main body 801 and an electronic paper 600 that is detachably attached to the main body 801. The electronic paper 600 has the same configuration as described above, that is, the configuration shown in FIG.

  The main body 801 has an insertion port 805 into which the electronic paper 600 can be inserted on its side (right side in FIG. 14A), and two pairs of conveying rollers 802a and 802b are provided inside. Yes. When the electronic paper 600 is inserted into the main body 801 through the insertion port 805, the electronic paper 600 is installed in the main body 801 in a state of being sandwiched between the pair of conveyance rollers 802a and 802b.

  A rectangular hole 803 is formed on the display surface side of the main body 801 (the front side in FIG. 14B), and a transparent glass plate 804 is fitted in the hole 803. . Thereby, the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 can be viewed from the outside of the main body 801. That is, in the display 800, the display surface is configured by visually recognizing the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 on the transparent glass plate 804.

Further, a terminal portion 806 is provided at the leading end portion (left side in FIG. 14A) of the electronic paper 600 in the insertion direction, and the electronic paper 600 is installed in the main body portion 801 inside the main body portion 801. A socket 807 to which the terminal portion 806 is connected in the state is provided. A controller 808 and an operation unit 809 are electrically connected to the socket 807.
In such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is detachably installed on the main body 801, and can be carried and used while being detached from the main body 801. This improves convenience.

  The display sheet, the display sheet manufacturing method, the display device, and the electronic apparatus according to the present invention have been described based on the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration of each part is the same. It can be replaced with any configuration having the above function. In addition, any other component may be added to the present invention. Moreover, you may combine each embodiment suitably.

Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
1. Manufacture of display device (Example 1)
<1> First, titanium oxide particles were prepared as white particles, and titanium black particles were prepared as black particles. Then, these particles were dispersed in dimethyl silicone oil (dispersion medium) to prepare a dispersion. The titanium oxide particles and the titanium black particles were each subjected to graft modification so as to be charged with opposite polarities. The average particle diameter of the titanium oxide particles and the titanium black particles was both 100 nm.

  <2> Also, a PET-ITO substrate on which an electrode (second electrode) made of ITO was formed was prepared. Next, a metal thin film made of aluminum was formed on the electrode of the PET-ITO substrate by sputtering or the like. Next, the metal thin film was anodized to obtain a porous oxide film (porous alumina) having a large number of through holes. The width (average maximum width) of the through holes was 1000 nm (that is, 10 times the average particle diameter).

  <3> Next, the dispersion liquid was supplied into the through holes of the partition wall member to fill the through holes with the dispersion liquid. Thereby, a display layer was obtained. Next, a circuit board on which individual electrodes made of ITO were formed was placed on the display layer, and then these were joined using a roll laminator. Subsequently, the edge part (outer peripheral part) of both board | substrates was sealed with the epoxy-type adhesive agent. As a result, the display device 20 shown in FIG. 1 was obtained.

(Example 2)
Example 2 was the same as Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member included in the obtained display sheet was 2.5 μm (that is, 25 times the average particle diameter). A display device was obtained.
(Example 3)
Example 3 was the same as Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member of the obtained display sheet was 5.0 μm (that is, 50 times the average particle diameter). A display device was obtained.

Example 4
Example 4 was the same as Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member of the obtained display sheet was 7.5 μm (that is, 75 times the average particle diameter). A display device was obtained.
(Example 5)
Example 5 was the same as Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member included in the obtained display sheet was 10.0 μm (that is, 100 times the average particle diameter). A display device was obtained.

(Comparative Example 1)
Display device of Comparative Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member of the obtained display sheet was 200 nm (that is, twice the average particle diameter). Got.
(Comparative Example 2)
Comparative Example 2 was the same as Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member included in the obtained display sheet was 12.5 μm (that is, 125 times the average particle diameter). A display device was obtained.

(Comparative Example 3)
The display device of Comparative Example 3 is the same as Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through-holes of the partition wall member included in the obtained display sheet is 20 μm (that is, 200 times the average particle diameter). Got.
(Comparative Example 4)
Display device of Comparative Example 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the width (average maximum width) of the through holes of the partition wall member of the obtained display sheet was 30 μm (that is, 300 times the average particle diameter). Got.

2. Evaluation (2-1) Measurement of reflectance For each of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the reflectance was measured when the entire display surface was in a white display state. The reflectance was measured 3 seconds after the switch to the white display state was completed. The reflectance of the display color of each display device indicates the ratio of the reflection amount of the display color of the display device when the reference white (standard sample) reflection amount is 100. In addition, the reflectance was measured using a color luminance meter ("BM-5A" manufactured by Topcon Corporation).

Moreover, about each Example 1-5 and each comparative example 1-4, the reflectance when the whole area of a display surface was made into a black display state, respectively was measured. This measurement was performed in the same manner as the measurement of the reflectance in the white display state.
Table 1 shows the reflectivity in each of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 obtained as described above.

As shown in Table 1, all of the white reflectances measured by the display devices of Examples 1 to 5 were sufficiently high. On the other hand, the white reflectance measured with the display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was lower than that of Examples 1 to 5.
Moreover, all the black reflectance measured with the display apparatus of each Example 1-5 was a sufficiently low numerical value. On the other hand, the black reflectance measured with the display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was higher than that of Examples 1 to 5.

  From these results, in Examples 1 to 5, it was confirmed that the occurrence of convection of the dispersion medium was prevented or suppressed, and that more white particles or black particles were gathered on the second electrode side. . On the other hand, among Comparative Examples 1 to 4, for Comparative Example 1, the width of the through hole is too narrow to inhibit the movement of white particles and black particles, and a sufficient number of particles gather on the second electrode side. In Comparative Examples 2 to 4, the width of the through-hole is too wide, and convection of the dispersion times is generated by the movement of the particles, and some of the particles gathered on the second electrode side are on the first electrode side. It was confirmed that it would be carried to.

(2-2) Measurement of display unevenness in through-hole For each of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, whether or not color unevenness occurs in a predetermined through-hole is displayed in white. It observed in each state of a state and a black display state. This measurement was observed using a digital microscope (product name: VHX-600, manufactured by Keyence Corporation) and a lens (product name: VH-Z100, manufactured by Keyence Corporation). These measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.

As shown in Table 2, in the display devices of Examples 1 to 5, color unevenness in the through holes could not be confirmed. On the other hand, in the display devices of Comparative Examples 2 to 4, color unevenness in the through holes was confirmed. From these results, in Examples 1 to 5, the occurrence of convection of the dispersion medium is prevented or suppressed, and in Comparative Examples 2 to 4, the convection of the dispersion medium is generated, and the particles are partially 1 was confirmed to be carried to the electrode side.
In addition, while changing the average particle diameter of white particle | grains and black particle | grains between 10 nm-500 nm, the relationship (ratio) of an average particle diameter and the width | variety of a through-hole is equal to Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Similar results were obtained for the display device in which the width of the through-hole was changed.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base 2 ... Base 3 ... 1st electrode 4 ... 2nd electrode 6 ... Partition member 61 ... Base 62 ... Through-hole 61 '... Conductive part 7 ... Dispersion medium 9 ... Sealing unit 100 ... Dispersion 11, 11E ... Counter substrate 12, 12E ... Substrate 121 ... Display surface 20, 20E ... Display device 21, 21E ... Display sheet 22 ... Circuit board 22E ... Writing device 200 ... Mold 221E ... Base 222E ... Common electrode 223E ... Partial electrode 224E ... Writing pen 225E ... Voltage application means 400 ... Display layer 500 ... Thin film 501 ... Through hole 510 ... Oxide film 600 ... ... Electronic paper 601 ... Main unit 602 ... Display unit 800 ... Display 801 ... Main unit 802a, 802b ... Conveying roller pair 803 ... Hole 804 ... Transparent glass plate 805 ... Insertion slot 806 ... Terminal part 807 ... Socket 808 ... Controller 809 ... Operation part A ... White particles B ... Black particles S ... Area M ... Mask W ‥‥width

Claims (11)

A first substrate;
A second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate;
A display layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and filled with a dispersion liquid in which at least one kind of positively or negatively charged particles is dispersed in a dispersion medium;
A partition member provided in the display layer and dividing the display layer into a plurality of regions in plan view of the display layer;
The width of the said area | region is 5 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the said particle in planar view of the said display layer, The display sheet characterized by the above-mentioned.   The display sheet according to claim 1, wherein the partition member is formed of a film-like porous member in which a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction is formed, and each of the through holes forms the region.   The display sheet according to claim 2, wherein L / W is 1 or more and 1000 or less, where W is the width of the hole and L is the length.   The display sheet according to claim 2, wherein the porous member is formed by anodizing a film made of a metal material. The partition member is provided in contact with the first substrate and the second substrate,
The display sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein openings at both ends of the through hole are closed by the first substrate and the second substrate.   The display sheet according to claim 5, wherein the partition member includes a conductive portion having conductivity, and the first substrate and the second substrate are electrically connected via the conductive portion. The height of the partition member is lower than the separation distance between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The display sheet according to claim 1, wherein the partition member is fixedly provided in the display layer such that a gap is formed between the partition member and the first substrate.   The display sheet according to claim 7, wherein a gap formed between the partition member and the first substrate is 1 to 5 times the average particle diameter of the particles. Preparing a first substrate;
Forming a metal film on one surface of the first substrate;
Obtaining a porous member having a plurality of through holes by anodizing the metal film;
Filling each through-hole of the porous member with a dispersion obtained by dispersing at least one kind of positively or negatively charged particles in a dispersion medium;
Bonding the partition member and the second substrate,
The method for producing a display sheet, wherein the width of the through hole is 5 to 100 times the average particle diameter of the particles in a plan view of the display layer.   A display device comprising the display sheet according to claim 1.   An electronic apparatus comprising the display device according to claim 10.

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