JP2012092478A - Apparatus and method for manufacturing nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric, capable of manufacturing a nonwoven fabric using a fiber produced by generating a Taylor corn preventing a raw material liquid from being stagnated.SOLUTION: An apparatus 100 for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric using a nanofiber 301 produced by electrically drawing a raw material liquid 300 in a space, the apparatus comprises: an outlet body 101 having an outlet hole 118 having a opening area approximately equal to a bottom area of a Talor corn 303 formed when the raw material liquid 300 is flown out; wringing means 110 disposed on an upstream side of the raw material liquid 300 passing through the outlet hole 118, in communication with the outlet hole 118, for reducing a flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 passing through the outlet hole 118; and charging means 102 for electrifying the raw material liquid 300 flowing out of the outlet body 101.

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus and a non-woven fabric manufacturing method for manufacturing a non-woven fabric using fibers having a fineness of micron order, submicron order, or nano order generated by an electrostatic stretching phenomenon.

  A method using electrostatic stretching (electrospinning) is a method for producing a filamentous (fibrous) substance called a nanofiber having a submicron scale or nanoscale diameter (fiber diameter) made of resin. Are known.

  This electrostatic stretching phenomenon means that a raw material liquid in which a solute such as a resin is dispersed or dissolved in a solvent is discharged (injected) into the space by a nozzle or the like, and an electric charge is applied to the raw material liquid to charge the space. This is a method of obtaining nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in flight.

  The electrostatic stretching phenomenon will be described more specifically as follows. That is, the raw material liquid that has been charged and discharged into the space gradually evaporates the solvent while flying through the space. As a result, the volume of the raw material liquid in flight gradually decreases, but the charge imparted to the raw material liquid remains in the raw material liquid. As a result, the charge density of the raw material liquid in flight through the space gradually increases. Since the solvent continues to evaporate, the charge density of the raw material liquid further increases, and when the repulsive Coulomb force generated in the raw material liquid exceeds the surface tension of the raw material liquid, the raw material liquid explodes. The phenomenon that the film is stretched linearly occurs. This is the electrostatic stretching phenomenon. The electrostatic stretching phenomenon occurs geometrically in succession in the space, so that a nanofiber made of a resin having a diameter of sub-micron to nano-order is generated.

  When producing nanofibers using the electrostatic stretching phenomenon as described above, for example, as in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the raw material liquid is made to space from an effluent having small-diameter outflow holes arranged in a matrix. After flowing out, an electrostatic stretching phenomenon is generated in the raw material liquid flying in the space in a string shape to generate nanofibers. And the said outflow body is a container shape which can store a raw material liquid, and the outflow hole is provided along the perpendicular direction in the bottom part of the outflow body.

  Therefore, the diameter of the outflow hole must be set to such a diameter that the raw material liquid does not fall from the outflow hole due to viscosity or surface tension.

JP 2008-179906 A

  However, when the raw material liquid flows out from the conventional outflow hole into the space, the raw material liquid does not flow out in the cross-sectional shape of the outflow hole, but instead adheres to the peripheral edge of the opening corresponding to the front end portion of the outflow hole, and then spreads and spreads. There is a case where a phenomenon occurs in which the gas gradually narrows in the direction of flow and flows out. The portion of the raw material liquid that hangs down from the effluent in a spindle shape or conical shape with the bottom portion of the portion adhering to the periphery of the opening when this phenomenon occurs is generally called a tailor cone.

  When this tailor cone is generated, the electric charge tends to concentrate on the tip of the tailor cone, so that the raw material liquid can be charged in a good state, and the diameter of the raw material liquid finally flowing out into the space is reduced. It is possible to produce high-quality nanofibers with a small fiber diameter.

  However, since the bottom surface of the tailor cone is larger than the diameter of the opening of the outflow hole, the outflow speed of the raw material liquid may be slow or stagnation may occur in the outer periphery of the tailor cone. When stagnation occurs in the tailor cone in this way, the solvent evaporates from the portion in contact with the outside air, and the solute solidifies and falls in the tailor cone. The solute that solidifies and falls in this manner adheres to the manufactured nanofibers and becomes particles, which is a factor that significantly degrades the quality of the nanofibers.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present inventor has found that the bottom area of the tailor cone is determined mainly by the viscosity and flow rate of the raw material liquid and does not depend on the diameter of the outflow hole, as a result of intensive studies and experiments. It came to.

  Furthermore, while maintaining the viscosity and flow rate of the raw material liquid necessary for the production of fibers such as nanofibers, the inventors have found a structure of an effluent that is less likely to stagnate by the tailor cone generated under the conditions.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above knowledge, and generates high-quality fibers by generating tailor cones with little or no stagnation, and manufactures non-woven fabric using the generated high-quality fibers. An object of the present invention is to provide a non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus and a non-woven fabric manufacturing method.

  In order to achieve the above object, a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric using fibers produced by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space, An outflow body having an outflow hole having an opening area similar to the bottom area of the tailor cone formed when the liquid flows out, and upstream of the raw material liquid passing through the outflow hole, in communication with the outflow hole And a throttling means for reducing the flow rate of the raw material liquid passing through the outflow hole and a charging means for charging the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow body by charging.

  According to this, by providing the throttle means, it becomes possible to make adjustments on the upstream side of the raw material liquid in the direction in which the flow rate of the raw material liquid becomes low, so that the opening area of the outflow hole and the bottom area of the tailor cone can be made comparable. it can. Therefore, the occurrence of stagnation in the tailor cone is suppressed, and the entire interior of the tailor cone flows in one direction. That is, it is possible to avoid the solidification of the solute inside the tailor cone while enjoying the effect of the tailor cone that contributes to the quality of the fibers such as nanofibers.

  The outflow body may include a mounting portion to which the throttling means is attached upstream of the outflow hole of the raw material liquid flow, and the throttling means may be detachably attached to the mounting portion.

  According to this, it is possible to easily perform maintenance such as removal of clogging by removing the throttle means from the effluent.

  Furthermore, the degree of reducing the flow rate of the raw material liquid is different from that of the throttle means, and a second throttle means that is detachably attached to the attachment portion may be provided.

  According to this, when changing the kind of fiber to be manufactured or when the environment such as humidity or temperature is changed, it is possible to select a squeezing means suitable for the conditions and easily stabilize the quality of the manufactured fiber. Can be realized.

  Further, a tailor cone suppressing portion disposed at the periphery of the opening portion so as to surround the opening portion of the outflow hole, and having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid, the bottom surface of the tailor cone is the opening. It is good also as providing the tailor cone suppression part which suppresses spreading outside a part.

  According to this, the tailor cone suppressing portion arranged so as to surround the opening portion of the outflow hole suppresses the wetting and spreading of the raw material liquid to the periphery of the opening portion, and as a result, the bottom surface of the tailor cone is unnecessarily large. This is prevented. That is, the occurrence of stagnation in the tailor cone is more reliably prevented.

  Further, the tailor cone suppressing portion can be realized, for example, by coating the peripheral region of the opening portion of the outflow hole with a material having low wettability with respect to the raw material liquid such as fluorine. In addition, the tailor cone suppressing portion can also be realized by attaching a plate made of a material having low wettability, such as polypropylene (PP), with a hole having the same size as the opening to the peripheral region. .

  Further, the outflow body has a tailor cone suppressing portion that forms an opening of the outflow hole, and the tailor cone suppressing portion is made of a material having a predetermined wettability, thereby The bottom surface may be prevented from spreading outside the opening.

  According to this, the opening part itself of the outflow hole is formed by the tailor cone suppressing part having a predetermined wettability. In other words, the opening and the material that suppresses the spread of the bottom surface of the tailor cone do not deviate. As a result, the occurrence of stagnation in the tailor cone is more reliably prevented, and for example, the function for maintaining the shape of the tailor cone is properly exhibited.

  Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing method concerning this invention is a nonwoven fabric manufacturing method which manufactures the nonwoven fabric using the fiber produced | generated by electrically extending a raw material liquid in space, The outflow amount of the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow body is provided with an outflow hole through which the raw material liquid flows out and a throttle means arranged in communication with the outflow hole upstream of the raw material liquid flow to reduce the flow rate of the raw material liquid. An adjustment step for adjusting the bottom area of the tailor cone formed so as to protrude from the outflow body so as to match the opening area of the outflow hole, and charging the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow body by charging. And a charging step.

  According to this, the fiber which comprises a nonwoven fabric can be produced | generated in the state which made the bottom area of the tailor cone correspond with the opening area of an outflow hole. Therefore, it is possible to suppress as much as possible that the raw material liquid is stagnant and the solute is solidified to generate particles. Therefore, it is possible to stably produce a high quality nonwoven fabric.

  The adjusting step may also adjust a voltage applied to the outflow body so that the bottom area of the tailor cone is matched with the opening area of the outflow hole.

  According to this, since the bottom area of the tailor cone can be adjusted by adjusting a plurality of parameters, it becomes possible to make fine adjustments according to the type of fiber to be manufactured and the environment.

  Further, the adjusting step is arranged at the periphery of the opening so as to surround the opening of the outflow hole, and the tailor cone suppressing portion having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid reduces the bottom area of the tailor cone. The opening area of the outflow hole may be matched.

  According to this, it is possible to suppress the wetting and spreading of the raw material liquid to the periphery of the opening portion by utilizing the low wettability of the tailor cone suppressing portion disposed at the periphery of the opening portion of the outflow hole. In other words, the bottom surface of the tailor cone is prevented from becoming unnecessarily large, thereby preventing the occurrence of stagnation in the tailor cone more reliably.

  The adjusting step is a tailor cone suppressing portion that forms an opening of the outflow hole, and the tailor cone suppressing portion having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid is used to reduce the bottom area of the tailor cone. It is also possible to match the opening area.

  According to this, it is possible to suppress the wetting and spreading of the raw material liquid to the peripheral edge of the opening by utilizing the low wettability of the tailor cone suppressing part that forms the opening itself. That is, the occurrence of stagnation in the tailor cone can be prevented more reliably, and for example, the tailor cone suppressing portion can be stably functioned.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to generate high-quality fibers by generating the tailor cone while suppressing the generation of particles caused by the tailor cone as much as possible. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a high-quality nonwoven fabric.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the entire nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus. FIG. 2 is a perspective view with the effluent cut away. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the raw material liquid is flowing out from the effluent body from the front end side of the effluent body. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the vicinity of the outflow hole cut along the YZ plane. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the throttle means is removed from the outflow body. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the diaphragm means and the second diaphragm means side by side. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a partial cross section of the outflow body in the first modification. FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the wettability of the tailor cone suppressing portion. FIG. 9A is a view of the tip in Modification 1 as viewed from below. FIG. 9B is a diagram of the distal end portion in Modification 1 as viewed obliquely from below. FIG. 9C is a view of the tailor cone suppressing portion and the tip portion, which are plate bodies, as viewed obliquely from below. FIG. 10 is a view of the tailor cone suppressing portion arranged separately, as viewed from below. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a first example of a partial cross section of the effluent in the second modification. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a second example of a partial cross section of the outflow body in the second modification. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a third example of a partial cross section of the outflow body in the second modification.

  Next, an embodiment of a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the following embodiment is only what showed an example of the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus based on this invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the wording of the claims with reference to the following embodiments, and is not limited to the following embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the entire nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus.

  The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100 is an apparatus that manufactures a nonwoven fabric using fibers generated by electrically stretching the raw material liquid 300 in a space. In this Embodiment, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100 produces | generates the nanofiber 301 by electrically extending the raw material liquid 300 in space, and manufactures a nonwoven fabric using the produced | generated nanofiber 301. FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus includes an outflow body 101 and charging means 102. Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a collection unit 103, an attraction unit 104, and a raw material supply unit 105.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view with the effluent cut away.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the raw material liquid is flowing out from the effluent body from the front end side of the effluent body.

  As shown in these drawings, the outflow body 101 is a member that includes an outflow hole 118 through which the raw material liquid 300 flows out into the space and to which the throttle means 110 is attached. Further, in this embodiment, the effluent body 101 also functions as an electrode for supplying electric charge to the raw material liquid 300 that flows out, and at least a part of the portion in contact with the raw material liquid 300 is a member having conductivity. Is formed.

  In the case of this embodiment, the outflow body 101 is entirely made of metal, and the cross-sectional shape cut by a plane (XZ plane) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) extends in the Y-axis direction of an inverted triangle. A plurality of outflow holes 118 arranged extending in the Z-axis direction are arranged in a row, and a storage tank 113 communicating with all the outflow holes 118 is provided inside.

  Further, the outflow body 101 has a smooth surface (a flat surface in the case of the present embodiment) having a smooth surface over the entire periphery of the opening 119 at the front end of the outflow hole 118 and a surface rising continuously from the front end portion 116. Is provided with a smooth side surface (a flat surface in the case of the present embodiment).

  Since the front end portion 116 connects a plurality of openings 119 with a smooth surface, it is possible to suppress electric field interference that occurs when a plurality of nozzles are arranged. In addition, ion wind generated in a region between the opening 119 and the opening 119 can be suppressed. Therefore, even if it arrange | positions in the state which narrowed the space | interval of the opening part 119, since the nanofiber 301 can be produced | generated favorably, it is possible to improve the production amount of the nanofiber 301 per unit time and unit area. Become.

  The side surface portions 117 are two surfaces disposed so as to sandwich the outflow hole 118, and are portions of the outflow body 101 that are extended from the distal end portion 116 and disposed in an upright state. The side surface portion 117 is provided in a state extending in the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of the outflow body 101, and is provided so as to sandwich all the outflow holes 118 between the two side surface portions 117. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the side surface portions 117 are arranged such that the distance between the side surface portions 117 increases as the distance from the front end portion 116 increases.

  The outflow body 101 includes the side surface portion 117 to suppress the generation of the ionic wind, and even if the ionic wind is generated, the ionic wind can be blown in a direction that does not intersect the raw material liquid 300 flowing into the space. Therefore, the nanofiber 301 can be generated in a stable state without being affected by the ion wind.

  In addition, the shape of the outflow body 101 and the arrangement of the outflow holes 118 are not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the outflow holes 118 arranged in a line in a rod-shaped outflow body 101 having a rectangular or circular cross section may be arranged. Alternatively, the outflow holes 118 may be arranged in a matrix on the bottom surface of the box-shaped outflow body 101. In addition, an array of nozzles having one outflow hole 118 may be used as the outflow body 101. Furthermore, the raw material liquid 300 may be discharged radially by disposing the outflow holes 118 in the radial direction on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical outflow body 101 and rotating the outflow body 101.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the storage tank 113 is a tank that is formed inside the outflow body 101 and stores the raw material liquid 300 supplied from the raw material supply means 105 (see FIG. 1). The storage tank 113 is connected to the plurality of outflow holes 118 and supplies the raw material liquid 300 to the outflow holes 118 at the same time. In the case of the present embodiment, one storage tank 113 is provided in the outflow body 101, is widely provided from one end portion to the other end portion of the outflow body 101, and is connected to all outflow holes 118.

  As described above, the storage tank 113 has a function of temporarily storing the raw material liquid 300 in the vicinity of the outflow holes 118 and supplying the raw material liquid 300 to the plurality of outflow holes 118 with an equal pressure. The raw material liquid 300 can be allowed to flow out from each outflow hole 118 in an even state. Therefore, it is possible to suppress spatial unevenness in the quality of the manufactured nanofiber 301.

  The outflow hole 118 is a hole for allowing the raw material liquid 300 to flow out from the outflow body 101 into the space, and the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 formed so as to hang down from the surface of the outflow body 101 when the raw material liquid 300 flows out. And an opening 119 having an opening area comparable to that of (see FIG. 4). In the case of the present embodiment, the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118 is circular, and the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 is also generally circular.

  Here, the shape of the tailor cone 303 is mainly determined by the viscosity and flow rate of the raw material liquid 300, but in the case of normal conditions for producing the nanofiber 301, the specific bottom diameter A of the tailor cone 303 is It falls within the range of about 0.1 mm to 2 mm. Therefore, the diameter of the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118 is preferably approximately 2 mm or more. On the other hand, if the diameter of the outflow hole 118 is too large, the raw material liquid 300 does not fill the outflow hole 118 and flows out through a part of the inner wall surface of the outflow hole 118, so that the tailor cone 303 is not formed. It is not preferable. Accordingly, the diameter of the opening 119 is preferably about 1 mm, and the upper limit is 2 mm.

  The throttling means 110 is arranged in communication with the outflow hole 118 on the upstream side of the raw material liquid 300 that passes through the outflow hole 118, and reduces the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 that passes through the outflow hole 118.

  In the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the throttling means 110 is a plate-like member that is long in the Y-axis direction, is arranged so as to be coaxial with the outflow hole 118, and allows the flow of the raw material liquid 300 to flow. A throttle hole 111 for squeezing is provided. On the other hand, the outflow body 101 is provided with an attachment portion 115 to which the throttle means 110 is attached upstream of the outflow hole 118 of the flow of the raw material liquid 300, and the throttle means 110 is detachably attached to the attachment portion 115. It has become a thing.

  Here, the throttle means 110 is not particularly limited as long as the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 passing through the outflow hole 118 is throttled. For example, a net covering the outflow hole 118 or a porous member may be used. In the case of the present embodiment, a throttle hole 111 having a smaller cross-sectional area than the outflow hole 118 is provided. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the throttle hole 111 is preferably selected from a range of 5% to 50% of the cross-sectional area of the outflow hole 118. If it is less than 5%, it is difficult to process and clean the throttle hole 111 and the raw material liquid 300 may be clogged. If it exceeds 50%, the throttle of the flow rate becomes weak and a good tailor cone 303 cannot be formed. Because.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the degree of lowering the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 is different from that of the throttle means 110, and a second throttle means 114 that is detachably attached to the attachment portion 115 may be provided.

  The throttle means 110 may be integrated with the outflow body 101 instead of being separated from the outflow body 101. Further, a plurality of throttle means 110 may be provided so as to correspond to the respective outflow holes 118.

  Further, the sectional area of the throttle hole 111 may be set smaller as the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 is smaller, and may be set larger as the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 is larger. That is, the throttling means 110 may be replaced with another throttling means 110 in which the cross-sectional area of the throttling hole 111 is different according to the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300.

  As described above, by providing the throttling means 110 on the upstream side of the outflow hole 118, even if stagnation occurs in the portion where the hole diameter widens immediately after the throttling hole 111 (outflow hole 118), the raw material liquid 300 is in that portion. Since it is not in direct contact with air, problems such as evaporation of the solvent from the raw material liquid 300 and solute or solidification do not occur. Further, the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118 is unlikely to become so large that the bottom of the tailor cone 303 protrudes beyond the opening 119, so that it is difficult for the raw material liquid 300 to stagnate at that location. In other words, even if the stagnation of the raw material liquid 300 occurs, the stagnation occurs at the inside of the outflow hole 118 and does not directly contact the air, so the solidification of the raw material liquid 300 does not occur, and the solidified portion is a droplet. Thus, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of falling on the deposited nanofiber 301.

  The charging unit 102 is a device that charges the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the effluent body 101 by applying an electric charge. In the present embodiment, the charging unit 102 includes a charging electrode 121 and a charging power source 122 as shown in FIG. The outflow body 101 also functions as an element constituting the charging means 102.

  In addition, you may make a member other than the outflow body 101 bear the function to provide an electric charge to the raw material liquid 300. For example, an electric charge may be imparted to the raw material liquid 300 by attaching an electrode included in the charging unit 102 to the effluent body 101 so as to be in contact with the raw material liquid 300.

  The charging electrode 121 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the effluent body 101 and has a conductivity for inducing electric charge to the effluent body 101 when the charging electrode 121 is at a higher voltage or lower voltage than the effluent body 101. It is.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the charging electrode 121 also functions as an attracting unit 104 that attracts the nanofiber 301 to the collecting unit 103. The charging electrode 121 is disposed at a position facing the front end portion 116 of the outflow body 101, and is grounded via the charging power source 122. On the other hand, the outflow body 101 is grounded. Therefore, when a positive voltage is applied to the charging electrode 121, a negative charge is induced in the outflow body 101, and the raw material liquid 300 is negatively charged. On the other hand, when a negative voltage is applied to the charging electrode 121, a positive charge is induced in the outflow body 101, and the raw material liquid 300 is positively charged.

  The charging power source 122 is a power source that can apply a high voltage between the effluent body 101 and the charging electrode 121 to charge the raw material liquid 300 to a desired charge density. In general, the charging power source 122 is preferably a DC power source, but does not hinder the use of the AC power source. The charging power source 122 can adjust the voltage.

  The charging power source 122 may be connected to the outflow body 101 so that the outflow body 101 has a high voltage or a low voltage with respect to the charging electrode 121. Further, the charging electrode 121 and the outflow body 101 may be connected so as not to be grounded, and both electrodes of the charging power source 122 may be connected to the charging electrode 121 and the outflow body 101, respectively.

  The collecting means 103 is a device that collects the nanofibers 301 that are manufactured in the space by electrostatic stretching. The collecting unit 103 includes a member 131 to be deposited and a transport unit 132 that can transport the member 131 to be deposited.

  The member 131 to be deposited is a member that collects the nanofibers 301 manufactured in the space in a deposited state. In the case of the present embodiment, the deposition target member 131 is a thin strip-like long member having a width in the Y-axis direction, and is supplied in a state of being wound around a roll 133. Further, the deposition target member 131 is subjected to a surface treatment so as to be easily separated from the nanofibers 301 deposited on the surface.

  That is, by separating the nanofibers 301 deposited on the surface of the member 131 to be deposited from the member 131 to be deposited, a nonwoven fabric using the nanofibers 301 can be obtained.

  The transfer means 132 is a device that relatively transfers the effluent body 101 and the deposition target member 131 in a direction (X-axis direction) intersecting the Y-axis direction. In the case of the present embodiment, the outflow body 101 is fixed, and only the deposition target member 131 is transferred to the outflow body 101. The transfer means 132 is configured to pull out the long member to be deposited 131 from the roll 133 while winding it, and to transport and deposit the member to be deposited 131 together with the nanofibers 301 to be deposited.

  The transfer means 132 may not only move the member 131 to be deposited but also move the effluent 101 with respect to the collection means 103. Further, the transfer means 132 may be one that transfers the member 131 to be deposited in a certain direction, and reciprocates the outflow body 101 in a direction that intersects the transfer direction of the member 131 to be deposited. Further, although the collecting means 103 is moved in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the openings 119 are arranged, the present invention is not limited to this, and the deposition member 131 is moved in the direction in which the openings 119 are arranged to open the outflow body 101. You may make it reciprocate in the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the part 119.

  The attracting means 104 is a device for attracting the nanofibers produced in the space to the member 131 to be deposited. The attracting means 104 uses a gas flow to attract the nanofiber 301 to a predetermined position (gas flow method) or the fact that the nanofiber 301 flying in the space is charged, A method (electric field method) of generating and attracting the nanofiber 301 to a predetermined position can be adopted, and a gas flow method and an electric field method may be used together.

  In the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an attracting electrode in which a plate-like charging electrode 121 that is longer and wider than the outflow body 101 is located at a predetermined distance from the outflow body 101 is a constituent element of the attracting means 104. It is functioning as well. The charging electrode 121 is a conductive member that is connected to the charging power source 122 that also functions as an attraction power source and to which a predetermined potential is applied. The charging electrode 121 generates a charge in the effluent body 101 by an electric field generated from the charging electrode 121, and The nanofiber 301 in the space is attracted in the direction of the charging electrode 121. The attracting unit 104 includes a suction unit 142. The suction means 142 is a device that sucks gas from a large number of through holes provided in the thickness direction of the charging electrode 121 to generate a gas flow, and attracts the nanofibers to a predetermined position.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the raw material supply means 105 is a device that supplies the raw material liquid 300 to the effluent body 101, and includes a container 151 that stores a large amount of the raw material liquid 300 and a pump that conveys the raw material liquid 300 at a predetermined pressure. (Not shown) and adjusting means 152 for adjusting the flow rate (pressure) of the raw material liquid 300 supplied to the storage tank 113 of the effluent body 101.

  The raw material liquid 300 is a liquid raw material for producing the nanofibers 301, and includes a resin that forms the nanofibers 301 as a solute, and a solvent that dissolves or disperses the solute.

  Specific examples of the solute include polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, poly-m-phenylene terephthalate, poly-p-phenylene isophthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyfluoride. Vinylidene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride-acrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile-methacrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyester carbonate, polyamide, aramid, polyimide, polycaprolactone, Polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polyvinyl acetate, polypeptide, etc. and these It can be exemplified a polymer material such as a copolymer. These are examples of resins employed as solutes, and the present invention is not limited to the above resins.

  In addition, the raw material liquid 300 may contain only one type of solute selected from the above, or may contain a plurality of types.

  The solvent is a volatile organic solvent that can dissolve or disperse the solute, and is selected corresponding to the resin employed as the raw material liquid 300. Specifically, the solvent is methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, tetraethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dibenzyl alcohol, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone. , Methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, acetone, hexafluoroacetone, phenol, formic acid, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, methyl benzoate, benzoic acid Ethyl, propyl benzoate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, o-chloro Toluene, p-chlorotoluene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, dichloropropane, dibromoethane, dibromopropane, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, propyl bromide, acetic acid, Benzene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, cyclopentane, o-xylene, p-xylene, m-xylene, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, pyridine, water Etc. can be listed. These are examples of solvents employed as solutes, and the present invention is not limited to the above solvents.

  In addition, the raw material liquid 300 may contain only one type of solvent selected from the above, or may contain a plurality of types mixedly.

  Furthermore, the raw material liquid 300 may contain other inorganic substances or organic substances. For example, examples of the inorganic substance include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides, fluorides, and sulfides. In particular, it has been found that the heat resistance and workability of nanofibers produced by adding an oxide to the raw material liquid 300 can be improved. Specifically, the oxides include Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, Li2O, Na2O, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, B2O3, P2O5, SnO2, ZrO2, K2O, Cs2O, ZnO, Sb2O3, As2O3, CeO2, V2O5, Cr2O3. , MnO, Fe2O3, CoO, NiO, Y2O3, Lu2O3, Yb2O3, HfO2, Nb2O5 and the like. These are examples of other substances contained in the raw material liquid 300, and the present invention is not limited by whether or not the raw material liquid 300 contains other substances.

  The raw material liquid 300 may contain only one kind selected from the above as another substance, or may contain a plurality of kinds.

  The mixing ratio of the solvent and the solute in the raw material liquid 300 varies depending on the type of solvent selected and the type of solute, but the amount of solvent is preferably between about 60 wt% and 98 wt%. The solute is preferably 5 to 30% by weight.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric using the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100 of the said structure is demonstrated.

  First, the raw material liquid 300 is supplied to the effluent body 101 by the raw material supply means 105 (supply process). As described above, the raw material liquid 300 is filled in the storage tank 113 of the effluent body 101. The flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 is adjusted by the throttling means 110 so that the flow rate is lower than the flow rate when the raw material liquid 300 is directly supplied to the outflow hole 118 (throttle process) and supplied to the outflow hole 118. The

  Here, the adjusting means 152 is used to adjust so that the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 formed so as to protrude from the outflow body 101 matches the opening area of the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118 (adjustment step). For example, when the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is smaller than the area of the opening 119, the flow rate (pressure) of the raw material liquid 300 supplied to the storage tank 113 is increased, and the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is larger than the area of the opening 119. If larger, the flow rate (pressure) of the raw material liquid 300 supplied to the storage tank 113 is decreased. In particular, if the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is larger than the area of the opening 119, the tailor cone 303 is more likely to stagnate. Therefore, the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is adjusted to match the area of the opening 119. However, at least the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is adjusted so as not to be larger than the area of the opening 119.

  In addition, when the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is smaller than the area of the opening 119, the flow rate may not be positively adjusted by the adjusting means 152 in some cases. That is, when the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is smaller than the area of the opening 119, the tailor cone 303 is deformed so that the apex angle of the tailor cone 303 itself becomes large due to the surface tension of the raw material liquid 300. The bottom area of 303 and the area of the opening 119 may coincide.

  Next, the charging electrode 121 is set to a positive or negative high voltage by the charging power source 122. Charge concentrates on the tip 116 of the effusing body 101 facing the charging electrode 121, and the charge passes through the outflow hole 118 and is transferred to the raw material liquid 300 flowing into the space, so that the raw material liquid 300 is charged (charging process). ).

  In addition, the voltage applied to the effluent body 101 may be adjusted by the charging power source 122 to change the shape of the tailor cone 303 so that the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 matches the bottom area of the opening 119 (adjustment process). ). For example, when the voltage applied to the effluent body 101 is increased, the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is decreased, and when the voltage is decreased, the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is increased.

  Thus, the charged raw material liquid 300 flows out from the opening 119 of the outflow body 101 in a state where the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 substantially matches the area of the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118 (outflow process).

  Next, the nanofiber 301 is produced | generated by an electrostatic stretching phenomenon acting on the raw material liquid 300 which flew in the space to some extent (nanofiber production process). Here, the raw material liquid 300 flows out in a strong charged state (high charge density) due to the presence of the tailor cone 303. As a result, the raw material liquid 300 undergoes electrostatic stretching over many orders, and high-quality nanofibers 301 with a small wire diameter are manufactured in large quantities.

  In this state, the nanofiber 301 is attracted to the deposition member 131 by an electric field generated between the charging electrode 121 disposed behind the deposition target member 131 and the outflow body 101. If necessary, the nanofibers may be attracted by generating a gas flow by the suction means 142 (attraction process).

  Then, the nanofibers 301 are deposited and collected on the member 131 to be deposited (collecting step). Since the member 131 to be deposited is slowly transferred by the transfer means 132, the nanofiber 301 is also collected as a long belt-like member extending in the transfer direction, that is, a non-woven fabric.

  By using the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100 having the above-described configuration and carrying out the above-described nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, electric charges concentrate on the tailor cone 303 generated outward from the outflow body 101, and the raw material liquid 300 is strengthened. It can be in a charged state (high charge density). Therefore, the electrostatic stretching phenomenon occurs over many orders, and most of the solute contained in the raw material liquid 300 becomes the nanofiber 301.

  As a result, the solute that did not become the nanofibers 301 adheres to the nanofibers 301 that have been deposited on the member 131 to be deposited, and the nanofibers 301 adhere to each other, or the mesh formed by the nanofibers 301 is filled. It is possible to reduce the possibility of doing so.

  Furthermore, since the stagnation of the raw material liquid 300 generated in the tailor cone 303 can be suppressed as much as possible, the solute is solidified inside the tailor cone 303, and the solidified solute falls and adheres to the nanofiber 301 to form particles. It is also possible to suppress the occurrence of such problems.

  From the above, it is possible to stably produce high-quality nanofibers 301. As a result, a high-quality nonwoven fabric can be obtained stably.

(Modification 1 of embodiment)
Next, Modification 1 of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a partial cross section of the effluent body 101 in the first modification of the embodiment.

  In addition, the outflow body 101 in the modified example 1 is also used for the production of nanofibers together with other components such as the charging means 102 as a part of the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100, like the outflow body 101 in the embodiment. This is the same also about the outflow body 101 in the modified example 2 mentioned later.

  Hereinafter, characteristic features of the effluent body 101 in the first modification will be mainly described.

  The outflow body 101 in the first modification is the same as the outflow body 101 in the embodiment in that the raw material liquid 300 that has passed through the throttling hole 111 of the throttling means 110 flows out from the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118.

  However, the tailor cone suppression unit 200 is arranged in the effluent body 101 in the first modification.

  The tailor cone suppression unit 200 has a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300, thereby suppressing the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 from spreading outside the opening 119.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the wettability of the tailor cone suppression unit 200.

  The wettability of the tailor cone suppression unit 200 with respect to the raw material liquid 300 is defined by, for example, a contact angle.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the contact angle θ that is an angle formed between the droplet of the raw material liquid 300 and the surface of the tailor cone suppression unit 200 is 70 degrees or more in the present modification. That is, the tailor cone suppression unit 200 in this modification has wettability such that the contact angle θ with respect to the raw material liquid 300 is 70 degrees or more.

  Further, the tailor cone suppression unit 200 is realized by applying the wettability material, for example, fluorine or silicon, to a region around the opening 119 of the tip 116.

  FIG. 9A is a view of the distal end portion 116 in Modification 1 as viewed from below, and FIG. 9B is a view of the distal end portion 116 in Modification 1 as viewed obliquely from below.

  As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the tailor cone suppression unit 200 is disposed on the periphery of the opening 119 so as to surround the opening 119.

  The tailor cone suppression unit 200 is made of a material having the above-described predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300, in other words, a material having physical properties that can easily repel the raw material liquid 300. Therefore, the spreading of the raw material liquid 300 to the periphery of the opening 119 is suppressed.

  That is, the tailor cone suppression unit 200 prevents the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 from becoming unnecessarily large, and as a result, the occurrence of stagnation in the tailor cone 303 is more reliably prevented.

  Here, as described above, the tailor is adjusted by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the outflow hole 118, adjusting the flow rate (pressure) of the raw material liquid 300 by the adjusting means 152, or adjusting the voltage applied to the outflow body 101 by the charging power source 122. It is possible to adjust the size of the bottom surface of the cone 303.

  However, even after the size of the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 is once adjusted by some method, the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 tends to easily spread due to changes in ambient temperature, humidity, pressure, or the like. It is also possible.

  Of course, it is conceivable to adjust the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 by monitoring the state of the tailor cone 303 and feeding back the monitoring result to the adjusting means 152 or the like. This is not a preferable method because of the complicated configuration.

  However, according to the effluent body 101 in the present modification, the tailor cone suppression portion 200 is disposed on the periphery of the opening 119. Therefore, even if the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 tends to expand easily due to changes in the surrounding environment, the opening of the raw material liquid 300 is controlled without controlling the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 or the like. Wetting and spreading to the periphery of the portion 119 is suppressed.

  That is, the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 is reduced by the tailor cone restraining part 200 that is disposed on the periphery of the opening part 119 so as to surround the opening part 119 of the outlet hole 118 and has a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300. The opening area can be matched.

  Thereby, the occurrence of the stagnation of the raw material liquid 300 in the tailor cone 303 is suppressed, and as a result, the occurrence of defects due to the stagnation of the raw material liquid 300 in the manufactured product (nanofiber) is suppressed.

  In addition, the tailor cone suppression part 200 is implement | achieved not by coating the front-end | tip part 116, such as a fluorine, but attaching the plate body which has the said predetermined wettability to the front-end | tip part 116, for example.

  FIG. 9C is a view of the tailor cone suppressing portion 201 and the tip end portion 116, which are plate bodies, viewed obliquely from below.

  As shown in FIG. 9C, the tailor cone suppressing portion 201, which is a plate body, is provided with a through hole 202 having the same size as the opening 119. More specifically, the plurality of through holes 202 are provided in the tailor cone suppressing portion 201 so that the positions of the plurality of openings 119 and the plurality of holes 202 in the XY plane coincide.

  The tailor cone suppression unit 201 is made of, for example, polypropylene (PP), and has wettability such that the contact angle θ with respect to the raw material liquid 300 is 70 degrees or more, like the tailor cone suppression unit 200. Yes.

  The tailor cone suppressing portion 201 configured as described above is attached to the distal end portion 116 such that the positions of the plurality of openings 119 and the plurality of through holes 202 in the XY plane coincide.

  In addition, the attachment method at this time is not limited to a specific attachment method. For example, the tailor cone suppression portion 201 may be attached to the tip portion 116 with an adhesive. In addition, for example, the tailor cone suppression unit 201 may be attached to the tip end part 116 by having a structure (for example, a groove, a protrusion, or a claw) that fixes the tailor cone suppression unit 201.

  Moreover, the tailor cone suppression part 200 (201) may be separately disposed so as to correspond to each of the plurality of openings 119.

  FIG. 10 is a view of the tailor cone suppression unit 200 arranged separately, as viewed from below.

  As shown in FIG. 10, even when the tailor cone suppression part 200 separated from the others is arranged for each opening part 119, the above-described suppression of the wetting and spreading of the raw material liquid 300 to the periphery of the opening part 119 is performed. The effect is demonstrated.

  Further, as compared with the tailor cone suppression unit 200 shown in FIG. 9A, it is possible to save the necessary amount of material for constituting the tailor cone suppression unit 200.

  Moreover, these effects are similarly exhibited even when the tailor cone suppression portion 201 that is a plate body is disposed for each opening 119.

(Modification 2 of embodiment)
Next, a second modification of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Specifically, various aspects of the effluent body 101 including the tailor cone suppressing portion that forms the opening 119 will be described as a second modification.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a first example of a partial cross section of the effluent body 101 according to the second modification of the embodiment.

  An outflow body 101 shown in FIG. 11 includes a throttle means 170 having a throttle hole 171. That is, the outflow body 101 in the modification 2 is the same as the outflow body 101 in the modification 1 in that the raw material liquid 300 that has passed through the throttle hole flows out from the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118.

  However, the effluent body 101 in the second modification example is different from the effluent body 101 in the first modification example in that the opening 119 itself is formed of the material having the wettability.

  Specifically, the outflow body 101 according to the second modification is configured by attaching a tailor cone suppression section 210 having an outflow hole 118 to a main body having a side surface 117 with a bolt 160.

  That is, the effluent body 101 in the modified example 2 has the tailor cone suppressing part 210 that forms the opening 119.

  The tailor cone suppression unit 210 is made of PP, for example, and has wettability such that the contact angle θ with respect to the raw material liquid 300 is 70 degrees or more, like the tailor cone suppression units 200 and 201 in the first modification. is doing.

  Thereby, for example, without performing complicated control such as control of the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 based on the monitoring result of the state of the tailor cone 303, the spread of the raw material liquid 300 to the periphery of the opening 119 can be suppressed. it can.

  Further, for example, since the raw material liquid 300 is suppressed from adhering to the inner wall surface of the outflow hole 118, clogging of the outflow hole 118 is suppressed.

  The length of the outflow hole 118 in the axial direction is not limited to a specific value. For example, the axial length of the outflow hole 118 can be changed according to the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 and the like.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a second example of a partial cross section of the effluent body 101 in the second modification of the embodiment.

  The effluent body 101 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the tailor cone suppressing portion 220 has a recessed recess, and the throttle means 180 is disposed so as to be embedded in the recess.

  That is, because the tailor cone restraining part 220 has a recess, the outflow hole 118 in the tailor cone restraining part 220 is formed shorter in the axial direction than the outflow hole 118 in the tailor cone restraining part 210 shown in FIG.

  The tailor cone suppression unit 220 is attached to the main body of the outflow body 101 by a bolt 160, and the raw material liquid 300 that has passed through the throttle hole 181 of the throttling means 180 flows out from the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118. ing.

  Since the outflow hole 118 in the tailor cone suppression unit 220 is formed shorter than the outflow hole 118 in the tailor cone suppression unit 210, the following effects are exhibited.

  For example, it is assumed that the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 is relatively low. In this case, the flow of the raw material liquid 300 in the outflow hole 118 shown in FIG. 11 may be unstable.

  In this case, as a member forming the opening 119 of the outflow body 101, a tailor cone suppressing portion 220 having a relatively short outflow hole 118 is employed instead of the tailor cone suppressing portion 210. Thereby, the flow of the raw material liquid 300 in the outflow hole 118 can be stabilized. As a result, the shape of the tailor cone 303 in the opening 119 is stabilized.

  It should be noted that the length of the outflow hole 118 (in other words, the depth of the recess) in the tailor cone suppression unit 220 may be determined to be an appropriate value through an experiment or simulation that takes into account the physical properties of the raw material liquid 300.

  As described above, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the outflow body 101 may have the tailor cone suppressing portion 210 or 220 that forms the opening 119 of the outflow hole 118.

  Each of the tailor cone suppressing portions 210 and 220 is made of a material having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300, thereby suppressing the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 from spreading outside the opening 119. The effect is demonstrated. That is, it is possible to make the bottom area of the tailor cone 303 coincide with the opening area of the outflow hole 118.

  The attachment of the tailor cone suppression units 210 and 220 to the main body of the outflow body 101 may be realized by a method other than fastening by the bolt 160. Further, for example, rubber packing may be disposed in order to improve airtightness between each of the tailor cone suppressing portions 210 and 220 and the main body of the outflow body 101.

  Further, the effect of suppressing the spreading of the raw material liquid 300 to the periphery of the opening 119 by the material having the predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300 described above is that other components such as the squeezing means are integrated with the opening 119. Even if it is formed, it is demonstrated.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a third example of a partial cross section of the effluent body 101 according to the second modification of the embodiment.

  An outflow body 101 shown in FIG. 13 has a tailor cone suppressing portion 230 including an outflow hole 118, and an opening 119 is formed in the tailor cone suppressing portion 230.

  In addition, in the effluent body 101 shown in FIG. 13, at least a part of the side surface portion 117, the squeezing means 190 having the squeezing hole 191, and the tailor cone suppressing portion 230 are materials having predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300 ( For example, it is integrally formed by PP).

  As described above, by integrally forming a plurality of components in the effluent body 101, for example, the manufacturing process of the effluent body 101 is made more efficient.

  Further, in the effluent 101, at least a portion relatively close to the opening 119 is made of a material having low wettability with respect to the raw material liquid 300, such as PP, in other words, the raw material liquid 300 is easily repelled. An effect is produced.

  That is, the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 is prevented from spreading outside the opening 119 and, for example, a smoother outflow of the raw material liquid 300 is promoted, and the raw material liquid 300 is solidified and fixed inside the outflow body 101. Is suppressed.

  Further, since the opening 119 itself is formed in each of the tailor cone suppressing portions 210, 220, and 230, for example, the opening 119 and the material that suppresses the spread of the bottom surface of the tailor cone 303 are separated from each other. There is nothing. That is, the function for keeping the shape of the tailor cone 303 appropriate is more stably exhibited.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment and its modification. For example, another embodiment realized by arbitrarily combining the components described in this specification and excluding some of the components may be used as an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, there are also aspects obtained by subjecting the above embodiments and modifications thereof to various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention, that is, the meanings indicated in the claims. It is included in the present invention.

  For example, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment manufactures a nonwoven fabric using the nanofibers 301. However, the present invention can also be used for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric using fibers other than the nanofiber 301. For example, it can also be used for the production of a nonwoven fabric using fibers having a micron-order diameter.

  In addition, terms such as “match” and “same level” are used to allow an error (expansion) that does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

  The present invention can be used for producing nanofibers, spinning using nanofibers, and producing nonwoven fabrics.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus 101 Outflow body 102 Charging means 103 Collection means 104 Attraction means 105 Raw material supply means 110, 170, 180, 190 Throttle means 111, 171, 181, 191 Throttle hole 113 Reservoir 114 Second squeezing means 115 Attachment portion 116 Tip portion 117 Side surface portion 118 Outflow hole 119 Opening portion 121 Charging electrode 122 Charging power supply 131 Deposited member 132 Transfer means 133 Roll 142 Suction means 151 Container 152 Adjustment means 160 Bolts 200, 201, 210, 220, 230 Tailor cone suppression section 202 Through hole 300 Raw material liquid 301 Nanofiber 303 Tailor cone

Claims (9)

A non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a non-woven fabric using fibers produced by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space,
An outflow body having an outflow hole having an opening area similar to the bottom area of the tailor cone formed when the raw material liquid flows out;
A throttling means that is arranged in communication with the outflow hole on the upstream side of the raw material liquid that passes through the outflow hole, and reduces the flow rate of the raw material liquid that passes through the outflow hole;
A non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus comprising: charging means for charging the raw material liquid flowing out from the effluent body by applying an electric charge. The outflow body includes an attachment portion to which the throttle means is attached on the upstream side of the outflow hole of the flow of the raw material liquid,
The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the squeezing means is detachably attached to the attachment portion. further,
The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a second squeezing unit that is detachably attached to the attachment part, the degree of reducing the flow rate of the raw material liquid being different from the squeezing unit. A tailor cone suppressing portion disposed at the periphery of the opening so as to surround the opening of the outflow hole, and having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid, so that the bottom surface of the tailor cone is more than the opening. The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of any one of Claims 1-3 provided with the tailor cone suppression part which suppresses spreading outside. The outflow body has a tailor cone suppression portion that forms an opening of the outflow hole,
The said tailor cone suppression part suppresses that the bottom face of the said tailor cone spreads outside the said opening part by being comprised with the raw material which has predetermined | prescribed wettability. The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus described in 1. A non-woven fabric manufacturing method for manufacturing a non-woven fabric using fibers produced by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space,
The outflow amount of the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow body comprising an outflow hole through which the raw material liquid flows out and a throttling means arranged in communication with the outflow hole on the upstream side of the flow of the raw material liquid to reduce the flow rate of the raw material liquid, An adjustment step for adjusting the bottom area of the tailor cone formed in a protruding shape from the outflow body to match the opening area of the outflow hole;
And a charging step of charging the raw material liquid flowing out from the effluent with an electric charge. The nonwoven fabric manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein in the adjusting step, a voltage applied to the outflow body is also adjusted to make a bottom area of the tailor cone coincide with an opening area of the outflow hole. The adjusting step is arranged at the periphery of the opening so as to surround the opening of the outflow hole, and the tailor cone suppressing portion having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid is used to reduce the bottom area of the tailor cone to the outflow hole. The non-woven fabric manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the non-woven fabric manufacturing method is the same as the opening area. The adjusting step is a tailor cone restraining part that forms an opening part of the outflow hole, and the tailor cone restraining part having a predetermined wettability with respect to the raw material liquid reduces the bottom area of the tailor cone. The nonwoven fabric manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the nonwoven fabric is matched with the area.

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