JP2012092074A - Method for producing ester plasticizer - Google Patents

Method for producing ester plasticizer Download PDF

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JP2012092074A
JP2012092074A JP2010242469A JP2010242469A JP2012092074A JP 2012092074 A JP2012092074 A JP 2012092074A JP 2010242469 A JP2010242469 A JP 2010242469A JP 2010242469 A JP2010242469 A JP 2010242469A JP 2012092074 A JP2012092074 A JP 2012092074A
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acid
anhydride
producing
ester plasticizer
alcohol
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Takatsugu Ideno
隆次 井出野
Yusuke Mizufune
裕介 水舩
Yasuhiro Nishimura
泰弘 西村
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an ester plasticizer which is mainly used for polyvinyl chloride resins, in particular a method for producing an aromatic carboxylic acid ester at low temperatures in a short time.SOLUTION: When alcohol as a raw material is reacted while being refluxed at a temperature of 180-200°C and at the reduced pressure degree of 80-20 kPa regulated to prevent a temperature drop, an esterification reaction rate reaches 99.9 mol% or higher.

Description

本発明は塩化ビニル系樹脂用として主に用いられるエステル可塑剤の製造方法に関し、特に芳香族カルボン酸エステルの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing an ester plasticizer mainly used for vinyl chloride resin, and more particularly to a method for producing an aromatic carboxylic acid ester.

エステル可塑剤の製造方法として有機金属化合物触媒の存在下で、有機酸またはその無水物とアルコールとを脱水エステル化反応させることにより、エステル可塑剤を製造する方法がある(特許文献1)。しかしながらこの文献によれば、エステル化率99.9モル%の粗エステルを得るには190℃〜220℃において3時間加熱攪拌する必要があり、反応時間を長時間にする必要がある。 As a method for producing an ester plasticizer, there is a method for producing an ester plasticizer by subjecting an organic acid or an anhydride thereof and an alcohol to a dehydration esterification reaction in the presence of an organometallic compound catalyst (Patent Document 1). However, according to this document, in order to obtain a crude ester having an esterification rate of 99.9 mol%, it is necessary to heat and stir at 190 ° C. to 220 ° C. for 3 hours, and the reaction time must be prolonged.

また、常圧もしくは減圧下、180℃〜250℃において3〜6時間反応させることでジエステル化率99.9%の粗エステルを得る製造方法もある(特許文献2)。この文献の実施例によれば、210℃で減圧下に反応させているものの、あまり減圧度を上げると原料アルコールの急激な還流を伴うことから好ましくなく、そのため4〜5時間と長時間の反応が必要であった。 There is also a production method for obtaining a crude ester having a diesterification rate of 99.9% by reacting at 180 ° C. to 250 ° C. for 3 to 6 hours under normal pressure or reduced pressure (Patent Document 2). According to the example of this document, although the reaction is carried out at 210 ° C. under reduced pressure, it is not preferable because the raw alcohol is rapidly refluxed if the degree of vacuum is increased too much, and therefore the reaction takes a long time of 4 to 5 hours. Was necessary.

特開平10−316623号公報JP 10-316623 A 特開昭61−68448号公報JP 61-68448 A

本発明の目的は、塩化ビニル系樹脂用として主に用いられるエステル可塑剤の製造方法に関し、特に芳香族カルボン酸エステルを製造する方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention relates to a method for producing an ester plasticizer mainly used for vinyl chloride resin, and particularly to provide a method for producing an aromatic carboxylic acid ester.

本発明者らは鋭意検討を行った結果、180〜200℃以下の温度において、温度が低下しないように減圧度を80〜20kPaに調整し、原料であるアルコールを還流させながら反応させることで、エステル化反応率99.9モル%以上に到達させることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies, the inventors adjusted the degree of vacuum to 80 to 20 kPa so that the temperature does not decrease at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C., and reacting the alcohol as a raw material while refluxing, It was found that the esterification reaction rate reached 99.9 mol% or more.

塩化ビニル系樹脂用として主に用いられるエステル可塑剤の製造方法に関し、特に芳香族カルボン酸エステルを低温で短時間に製造する方法を提供できる。 With respect to a method for producing an ester plasticizer mainly used for vinyl chloride resins, it is possible to provide a method for producing an aromatic carboxylic acid ester at a low temperature in a short time.

本発明は、塩化ビニル系樹脂用として主に用いられるエステル可塑剤の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing an ester plasticizer mainly used for vinyl chloride resins.

本発明でエステル化反応に用いられる有機金属化合物触媒には、テトライソプロピルチタネート、テトラ−n−ブチルチタネート、テトラ−2−エチルヘキシルチタネートのようなアルキルチタネート類や、スズテトラエチレート、ブチルスズマレートのような有機スズ化合物が好適に用いられ、これらの1種または2種以上を混合して使用しても良い。   Examples of the organometallic compound catalyst used in the esterification reaction in the present invention include alkyl titanates such as tetraisopropyl titanate, tetra-n-butyl titanate, tetra-2-ethylhexyl titanate, tin tetraethylate, and butyltin malate. Such organotin compounds are suitably used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

エステル化反応に用いられる有機酸またはその無水物には、安息香酸、トルイル酸で代表される芳香族モノカルボン酸;フタル酸、無水フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、トリメシン酸、トリメリット酸、無水トリメリット酸、ピロメリット酸、無水ピロメリット酸、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸、無水ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸で代表される芳香族多価カルボン酸またはその無水物;アジピン酸、セバシン酸、アゼライン酸等の脂肪族多価カルボン酸;マレイン酸、フマル酸等の脂肪族不飽和多価カルボン酸;オレイン酸、ステアリン酸等の脂肪族モノカルボン酸等が挙げられ、これらの1種または2種以上を混合して使用しても良い。 Organic acids or their anhydrides used in the esterification reaction include aromatic monocarboxylic acids represented by benzoic acid and toluic acid; phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimesic acid, trimellitic acid, Trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic anhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid, aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid represented by benzophenone tetracarboxylic anhydride or its anhydride; fat such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid Aliphatic polycarboxylic acids such as maleic acid and fumaric acid; aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as oleic acid and stearic acid, etc., and one or more of these may be mixed May be used.

エステル化反応に用いられるアルコールには、脂肪族飽和一価アルコールとして、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、ブタノール、イソブタノール、sec−ブタノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、2−エチルヘキサノール、イソオクタノール、ブテン二量体のオキソ反応により製造されるイソノニルアルコール、デカノール、プロピレン三量体のオキソ反応により製造されるイソデシルアルコール、ウンデカノール、トリデカノール等;脂肪族多価アルコールとして、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール等が挙げられ、これらの1種または2種以上を混合して使用しても良い。 The alcohol used for the esterification reaction includes aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, heptanol, octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, isooctanol, butene dimer. Isononyl alcohol, decanol, and propylene trimer produced by isononyl alcohol, decanol, tridecanol, etc. produced by oxo reaction of the body; aliphatic polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, etc. 1 type or 2 types or more may be mixed and used.

本発明のエステル可塑剤は、有機酸またはその無水物とアルコールとを、有機金属化合物触媒の存在下、180℃〜200℃において、温度が低下しないように減圧度を80〜20kPaに調整し、アルコールの還流を行わせながら生成水を系外に除去し、エステル化反応させる。   The ester plasticizer of the present invention adjusts the degree of vacuum to 80 to 20 kPa so that the temperature does not decrease at 180 ° C. to 200 ° C. in the presence of an organic metal compound catalyst in the presence of an organic acid or its anhydride and alcohol. The produced water is removed out of the system while refluxing the alcohol, and an esterification reaction is performed.

反応温度が180℃未満だと、有機金属触媒の活性が低く、エステル化反応率99.9モル%に到達するのは困難となり、好ましくない。また200℃を超えると原料アルコールの急激な還流を伴うため好ましくない。   When the reaction temperature is less than 180 ° C., the activity of the organometallic catalyst is low, and it is difficult to reach an esterification reaction rate of 99.9 mol%, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 200 ° C., it is not preferable because the raw material alcohol is rapidly refluxed.

反応は減圧下で行う。反応圧力は80〜20kPaが好ましく、より好ましくは70〜30kPa、さらに好ましくは60〜35kPaである。80kPa以上だと、原料アルコールの還流が少なく、生成水の除去が困難となり、エステル化反応率99.9モル%に到達するのは困難となり、好ましくない。20kPa以下の場合は原料アルコールの急激な還流を伴うため好ましくない。   The reaction is carried out under reduced pressure. The reaction pressure is preferably 80 to 20 kPa, more preferably 70 to 30 kPa, and even more preferably 60 to 35 kPa. If it is 80 kPa or more, the reflux of raw material alcohol is small, it is difficult to remove the produced water, and it is difficult to reach an esterification reaction rate of 99.9 mol%, which is not preferable. When the pressure is 20 kPa or less, it is not preferable because the raw alcohol is rapidly refluxed.

エステル化反応に有機酸を用いる場合は、有機酸中のCOOHモル数に対するアルコールのモル比を、1/1.0〜1/1.4とするのが好ましく、より好ましくは1/1.1〜1.35、さらに好ましくは1/1.15〜1.3である。
また、エステル化反応に有機酸の無水物を用いる場合は、該無水物中の加水分解により有水化したCOOHモル数に対するアルコールのモル比を、1/1.0〜1/1.4とするのが好ましく、より好ましくは1/1.1〜1.35、さらに好ましくは1/1.15〜1.3である。
アルコールのモル比が1.0より少ないとアルコールの還流が実質的にできなくなり、好ましくない。またアルコールの仕込み量が1.4モルより多いと、減圧によるアルコールの還流が多すぎるため、好ましくない。
When an organic acid is used for the esterification reaction, the molar ratio of alcohol to the number of moles of COOH in the organic acid is preferably 1 / 1.0 to 1 / 1.4, more preferably 1 / 1.1-1.35, still more preferably 1 / 1.15-1.3.
When an organic acid anhydride is used for the esterification reaction, the molar ratio of alcohol to the number of moles of COOH hydrated by hydrolysis in the anhydride is preferably 1 / 1.0 to 1 / 1.4. More preferably, it is 1 / 1.1-1.35, More preferably, it is 1 / 1.15-1.3.
If the molar ratio of alcohol is less than 1.0, the alcohol cannot be refluxed substantially, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the amount of the alcohol charged is more than 1.4 mol, the reflux of the alcohol due to the reduced pressure is excessive, which is not preferable.

エステル化反応で有機酸を用いる場合は、有機酸中のCOOHモル数に対する触媒の仕込み量を0.1〜1.0g/COOHモルとするのが好ましく、より好ましくは0.2〜0.8g/COOHモル、さらに好ましくは0.3〜0.6g/COOHモルである。
また、エステル化反応に有機酸の無水物を用いる場合は、該無水物中の加水分解により有水化したCOOHモル数に対する触媒の仕込み量を0.1〜1.0g/COOHモルとするのが好ましく、より好ましくは0.2〜0.8g/COOHモル、さらに好ましくは0.3〜0.6g/COOHモルである。
触媒量が0.1g/COOHモルより少ないと反応が十分に行えず、好ましくない。また触媒量が1.0 g/COOHモルより多いと、それ以上の触媒効果は望めず、経済的に好ましくない。
When an organic acid is used in the esterification reaction, the amount of catalyst charged relative to the number of moles of COOH in the organic acid is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 g / COOH mole, more preferably 0.2 to 0.8 g / COOH mole, and still more preferably Is 0.3-0.6 g / COOH mole.
Further, when an organic acid anhydride is used for the esterification reaction, the amount of catalyst charged relative to the number of moles of COOH hydrated by hydrolysis in the anhydride is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 g / COOH mole, More preferably, it is 0.2-0.8 g / COOH mol, More preferably, it is 0.3-0.6 g / COOH mol.
If the amount of catalyst is less than 0.1 g / COOH mol, the reaction cannot be sufficiently performed, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the amount of catalyst is more than 1.0 g / COOH mol, no further catalytic effect can be expected, which is economically undesirable.

反応時間は3時間を超えない範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは2時間以内である。反応が3時間以上だと、反応時間が長すぎるため、経済的に好ましくない。 The reaction time is preferably within a range not exceeding 3 hours, more preferably within 2 hours. If the reaction is longer than 3 hours, the reaction time is too long, which is not economical.

以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は、これらの例によってなんら限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.

<エステル化反応率>
反応液の中和滴定により酸価(mgKOH/g)を測定し、下記計算式により反応率を算出する。

式1:残存COOHモル数=反応液量×酸価÷56100

式2:残存有機酸またはその無水物モル数=残存COOHモル数÷原料カルボニル基当量
[たたし、原料カルボニル基当量とは、原料有機酸またはその無水物1分子あたりに存在するCOOH数であり、無水物の場合は加水分解により有水化した場合のCOOH数。]

式3:エステル化率モル%=(1−残存有機酸またはその無水物モル数÷反応前の有機酸またはその無水物モル数)×100
<Esterification reaction rate>
The acid value (mgKOH / g) is measured by neutralization titration of the reaction solution, and the reaction rate is calculated by the following formula.

Formula 1: Number of moles of residual COOH = reaction liquid amount × acid value ÷ 56100

Formula 2: Number of moles of residual organic acid or anhydride = number of moles of residual COOH ÷ equivalent carbonyl group of raw material
[However, the raw material carbonyl group equivalent is the number of COOH present per molecule of the raw organic acid or its anhydride, and in the case of an anhydride, the number of COOH when hydrophilized. ]

Formula 3: Esterification rate mol% = (1-residual organic acid or its anhydride moles ÷ organic acid or its anhydride mole before reaction) × 100

<実施例1>
無水フタル酸2960g(20モル)と2−エチルヘキサノール5980g(46モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート6gを添加して、180℃に昇温し、35kPaに減圧し、2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は99.98モル%であった。
<Example 1>
2960 g (20 mol) of phthalic anhydride and 5980 g (46 mol) of 2-ethylhexanol were mixed, 6 g of tetraisopropyl titanate was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 180 ° C., the pressure was reduced to 35 kPa, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. . The esterification reaction rate at this time was 99.98 mol%.

<実施例2>
イソフタル酸3320g(20モル)と2−エチルヘキサノール6240g(48モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート6gを添加して、200℃に昇温し、45kPaに減圧し、2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は99.97モル%であった。
<Example 2>
3320 g (20 mol) of isophthalic acid and 6240 g (48 mol) of 2-ethylhexanol were mixed, 6 g of tetraisopropyl titanate was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 200 ° C., the pressure was reduced to 45 kPa, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The esterification reaction rate at this point was 99.97 mol%.

<実施例3>
無水トリメリット酸3840g(20モル)と2−エチルヘキサノール8850g(68モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート9gを添加して、200℃に昇温し、30kPaに減圧し、2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は99.96モル%であった。
<Example 3>
Mix 3840 g (20 mol) of trimellitic anhydride and 8850 g (68 mol) of 2-ethylhexanol, add 9 g of tetraisopropyl titanate, raise the temperature to 200 ° C, reduce the pressure to 30 kPa, and react for 2 hours. It was. The esterification reaction rate at this point was 99.96 mol%.

<実施例4>
無水フタル酸2960g(20モル)とイソノニルアルコール6630g(46モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート6gを添加して、180℃に昇温し、50kPaに減圧し、2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は99.93モル%であった。
<Example 4>
2960 g (20 mol) of phthalic anhydride and 6630 g (46 mol) of isononyl alcohol were mixed, 6 g of tetraisopropyl titanate was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 180 ° C., the pressure was reduced to 50 kPa, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. The esterification reaction rate at this time was 99.93 mol%.

<比較例1>
無水フタル酸2960g(20モル)と2−エチルヘキサノール5980g(46モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート6gを添加して、170℃に昇温し、35kPaに減圧し、2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は95.78モル%であった。
<Comparative Example 1>
2960 g (20 mol) of phthalic anhydride and 5980 g (46 mol) of 2-ethylhexanol were mixed, 6 g of tetraisopropyl titanate was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 170 ° C., the pressure was reduced to 35 kPa, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours. . The esterification reaction rate at this time was 95.78 mol%.

<比較例2>
無水フタル酸2960g(20モル)と2−エチルヘキサノール5980g(46モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート6gを添加して、200℃に昇温し、90kPaで2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は98.14モル%であった。
<Comparative example 2>
2960 g (20 mol) of phthalic anhydride and 5980 g (46 mol) of 2-ethylhexanol were mixed, 6 g of tetraisopropyl titanate was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 200 ° C., and the mixture was reacted at 90 kPa for 2 hours. The esterification reaction rate at this point was 98.14 mol%.

<比較例3>
イソフタル酸3320g(20モル)と2−エチルヘキサノール6240g(48モル)を混合し、これにテトライソプロピルチタネート6gを添加して、200℃に昇温し、90kPaに減圧し、2時間反応させた。この時点でのエステル化反応率は92.10モル%であった。
<Comparative Example 3>
3320 g (20 mol) of isophthalic acid and 6240 g (48 mol) of 2-ethylhexanol were mixed, 6 g of tetraisopropyl titanate was added thereto, the temperature was raised to 200 ° C., the pressure was reduced to 90 kPa, and the reaction was performed for 2 hours. The esterification reaction rate at this time was 92.10 mol%.

Figure 2012092074
Figure 2012092074

以上の結果から、180〜200℃以下の温度において、温度が低下しないように減圧度を調整し、原料であるアルコールを還流させながら反応させることで、短時間にエステル化反応率99.9モル%以上に到達させることを見出した。   From the above results, at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C. or less, the degree of reduced pressure is adjusted so that the temperature does not decrease, and the reaction is performed while refluxing the alcohol as a raw material, so that the esterification reaction rate is 99.9 mol% or more in a short time. Found to reach.

本発明のエステル可塑剤の製造方法は、塩化ビニル系樹脂用として主に用いられるエステル可塑剤の製造方法に関し、特に芳香族カルボン酸エステルの製造方法に利用可能である。 The method for producing an ester plasticizer of the present invention relates to a method for producing an ester plasticizer mainly used for vinyl chloride resins, and is particularly applicable to a method for producing an aromatic carboxylic acid ester.

Claims (7)

有機金属化合物触媒の存在下で、有機酸またはその無水物とアルコールとを、180℃〜200℃において、減圧下に反応させることを特徴とするエステル可塑剤の製造方法。 A method for producing an ester plasticizer, comprising reacting an organic acid or an anhydride thereof and an alcohol at 180 ° C. to 200 ° C. under reduced pressure in the presence of an organometallic compound catalyst. 減圧度が80〜20kPaである、請求項1記載のエステル可塑剤の製造方法。   The method for producing an ester plasticizer according to claim 1, wherein the degree of vacuum is 80 to 20 kPa. 有機金属化合物触媒が、アルキルチタネート類、有機スズ化合物から選ばれる1種または2種以上である、請求項1ないし2記載のエステル可塑剤の製造方法 The method for producing an ester plasticizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organometallic compound catalyst is one or more selected from alkyl titanates and organotin compounds. 有機金属化合物触媒が、テトライソプロピルチタネート、テトラ−n−ブチルチタネート、テトラ−2−エチルヘキシルチタネート、スズテトラエチレート、ブチルスズマレートから選ばれる1種または2種以上である、請求項1ないし23記載のエステル可塑剤の製造方法 The organometallic compound catalyst is one or more selected from tetraisopropyl titanate, tetra-n-butyl titanate, tetra-2-ethylhexyl titanate, tin tetraethylate, and butyltin malate. For producing ester plasticizer 有機酸またはその無水物が、芳香族カルボン酸またはその無水物である請求項1ないし4に記載のエステル可塑剤の製造方法。   5. The method for producing an ester plasticizer according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid or an anhydride thereof is an aromatic carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof. 有機酸またはその無水物が、安息香酸、トルイル酸、フタル酸、無水フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、トリメシン酸、トリメリット酸、無水トリメリット酸、ピロメリット酸、無水ピロメリット酸、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸、無水ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸である、請求項1ないし5に記載のエステル可塑剤の製造方法。   Organic acid or its anhydride is benzoic acid, toluic acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimesic acid, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic anhydride, benzophenone tetra 6. The method for producing an ester plasticizer according to claim 1, wherein the ester plasticizer is carboxylic acid or benzophenone tetracarboxylic anhydride. アルコールがメタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、ブタノール、イソブタノール、sec−ブタノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、2−エチルヘキサノール、イソオクタノール、イソノニルアルコール、デカノール、イソデシルアルコール、ウンデカノール、トリデカノール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールから選ばれる1種または2種以上の混合物である請求項1ないし56に記載のエステル可塑剤の製造方法。   Alcohol is methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, heptanol, octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, isooctanol, isononyl alcohol, decanol, isodecyl alcohol, undecanol, tridecanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol 57. The method for producing an ester plasticizer according to any one of claims 1 to 56, which is a mixture of one or more selected from diethylene glycol.
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