JP2012091607A - Ballast water treatment apparatus and method for cleaning the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a ballast water treatment apparatus compact.SOLUTION: The ballast water treatment apparatus includes: a ballast water treatment container 15 with a ballast water flow inlet 13 and a ballast water flow outlet 14; and a UV ray lamp 16 provided in the ballast water treatment container 15, wherein a photocatalyst member 17 is detachably and attachably provided in the ballast water treatment container 15, and is configured such that a photocatalyst powder 19 is applied to a base 18 by a UV binder 20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment apparatus and a cleaning method thereof.

  In order to carry out stable navigation of the ship, this ship is appropriately loaded and discharged with ballast water at its anchorage, but the anchorage where ballast water is taken in and the anchorage where it is discharged. Since it is often different from the ground, destruction of the ecosystem is a problem.

  In other words, if aquatic species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria that lived in a berth where the ballast water was taken in are discharged in a berth that differs from the environment, the ecosystem of the species in the basin is destroyed. There are things.

  Then, the ballast water treatment apparatus which tries to prevent destruction of the ecosystem mentioned above by processing ballast water is proposed (for example, refer to the following patent documents 1).

International Publication No. 2008/093811

  The ballast water treatment apparatus includes a ballast water treatment container having a ballast water inlet and a ballast water outlet, and an ozone injection unit that allows ozone water to flow into the ballast water treatment container.

  That is, in the ballast water treatment container, the ballast water pumped up from the sea chest of the ship is mixed with ozone water, and the species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria are killed by the strong oxidizing action of ozone. It is.

  However, those using ozone in this way require ozone generating means and ozone degassing means for preventing the ballast water piping from corroding due to ozone, resulting in an increase in the size of the ballast water treatment apparatus. It becomes easy.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the size of a ballast water treatment apparatus.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention comprises a ballast water treatment vessel having a ballast water inlet and a ballast water outlet, and an ultraviolet irradiation means provided in the ballast water treatment vessel, and the ballast water treatment vessel The photocatalyst body is detachably provided, and the photocatalyst body has a structure in which photocatalyst powder is adhered to a base material with an ultraviolet-resistant binder, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

  As described above, the present invention includes a ballast water treatment container having a ballast water inlet and a ballast water outlet, and an ultraviolet irradiation means provided in the ballast water treatment container, and the photocatalyst is provided in the ballast water treatment container. Since the photocatalyst body has a structure in which the photocatalyst powder is adhered to the base material with an ultraviolet resistant binder, the photocatalyst body can be downsized.

  That is, in the present invention, aquatic organisms, bacteria, etc. by ultraviolet rays from ultraviolet irradiation means provided in the ballast water treatment container and activated hydroxyl radicals generated by the photocatalyst that has received the ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide conventional ozone generation means and ozone deaeration means outside the ballast water treatment container, and as a result, downsizing can be achieved.

  In addition, since the photocatalyst body in the present invention has a structure in which the photocatalyst powder is adhered to the base material with an ultraviolet resistant binder, the photocatalyst powder is inadvertently removed from the base material by ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation means. Although it does not peel off, for example, after supplying the ballast water, if the abrasive is poured into the ballast water treatment container together with the cleaning liquid, the surface of the photocatalyst is changed to a dead body such as aquatic organisms or bacteria attached to the surface. Etc. can be easily removed.

  That is, in this way, the surface of the photocatalyst can always be a new surface, and the activated hydroxyl radical generated by the photocatalyst kills biological species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria. It is possible to maintain the effect of making it high.

The perspective view which shows the ship using the ballast water treatment apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. Front view of the main part of the ship Front view showing the configuration of the ballast water treatment device Front view of main parts of the ballast water treatment device Enlarged sectional view of the main part Enlarged sectional view of the main part Enlarged sectional view of the main part The figure which shows the composition of the principal part The figure which shows the comparative example of the principal part

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
1 of FIG. 1 shows the ship moored in the port 2, and the sea chest 4 is provided below the waterline 3 of this ship 1. FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows the ballast water intake and discharge path of the ship 1.

  That is, when ballast water is taken into the ship 1, the switching valve 5 in the ship 1 is first switched to the sea chest 4 side, the switching valve 7 is switched to the inlet 8 side, and then the pump 9 in the ship 1 is turned on. To drive.

  Then, for example, seawater flows from the sea chest 4 as ballast water, and is then taken into the ballast tank 10 via the pump 9 and the inlet 8.

  When discharging the ballast water in the ballast tank 10, the switching valve 5 is switched to the outlet 11 side, the switching valve 7 is switched to the side opposite to the inlet 8, and then the pump 9 is driven.

  Then, the ballast water in the ballast tank 10 is discharged out of the ship 1 from the outlet 11 through the switching valve 5, the pump 9, and the switching valve 7 through the sea chest 4.

  FIG. 3 shows a ballast water treatment device 12 interposed between the pump 9 and the switching valve 7 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the ballast water treatment apparatus 12 includes a cylindrical ballast water treatment container 15 having a ballast water inlet 13 and a ballast water outlet 14, and an example of ultraviolet irradiation means in the ballast water treatment container 15. Are provided, and a plurality of photocatalysts 17 disposed between the ultraviolet lamps 16 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the photocatalyst body 17 is obtained by subjecting a photocatalyst powder 19 to a UV-resistant binder (for example, tetraethoxysilane by hydrolysis and polycondensation) on a base material 18 made of glass fiber knitted fabric. Silica) 20 was used.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the photocatalyst powder 19 is a titanium oxide photocatalyst containing anatase-type titanium oxide and fluorine, in which the anatase-type titanium oxide and fluorine are chemically bonded. This is described in detail in WO2008 / 132824 filed earlier by the present applicant.

  Returning to FIG. 3 again and continuing the description, the ballast water inlet 13 of the ballast water treatment vessel 15 is provided with a cleaning liquid outlet 23 of a cleaning liquid tank 22 in which an abrasive (21 in FIG. 6) is accommodated, a cleaning liquid pump 24, The switching valve 25 is connected.

  Further, the ballast water outlet 14 of the ballast water treatment container 15 and the cleaning liquid tank 22 are connected via a switching valve 26. Since the cleaning liquid tank 22 is a container having an open upper surface, the liquid level of this container In addition, the ballast water outlet 14 of the ballast water treatment vessel 15 is connected via a switching valve 26.

  Note that the switching valve 7 shown in FIG. 1 is present downstream of the switching valve 26.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, dust existing in the ballast water taken from the sea chest 4 and large aquatic organisms having a size of 50 μm or more are removed upstream of the ballast water inlet 13 of the ballast water treatment vessel 15. A filter container 28 is connected.

  The cleaning liquid outlet 23 of the cleaning liquid tank 22 is connected to a switching valve 25.

  In the above configuration, when the ballast water is taken into the ship 1, first, the switching valve 5 in the ship 1 is switched to the sea chest side and the switching valve 7 is set to the inlet 8 side as described with reference to FIG. Next, the pump 9 in the ship 1 is driven.

  Then, for example, seawater flows from the sea chest 4 as ballast water, and is then taken into the ballast tank 10 via the pump 9 and the inlet 8.

  At this time, in the present embodiment, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the ballast water treatment device 12 is interposed between the pump 9 and the inlet 8 (the switching valve 25 is connected to the filter container 28). The ballast water inlet 13 is communicated, and the switching valve 26 is in communication with the ballast water outlet 14 and the switching valve 7).

  For this reason, the ballast water that has passed through the sea chest 4 and the pump 9 is first supplied into the filter container 28, where the dust present in the ballast water and large aquatic organisms having a size of 50 μm or more are removed. .

  In this state, the ballast water is then supplied from the ballast water inlet 13 into the ballast water treatment vessel 15.

  As described with reference to FIG. 4, a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 16 provided as an example of ultraviolet irradiation means and a plurality of photocatalysts 17 disposed between the ultraviolet lamps 16 are provided in the ballast water treatment container 15.

  For this reason, living organisms such as aquatic organisms and bacteria are generated by the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp 16 provided in the ballast water treatment container 15 and the activated hydroxyl radicals generated by the photocatalyst 17 that has received the ultraviolet rays. The seed will be killed.

  Then, the ballast water in which organism species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria are killed in this way, the ballast water outlet 14, the switching valve 26, the switching valve 7, and the inlet 8 of the ballast water treatment container 15 are then passed. Through the ballast tank 10.

  When discharging the ballast water taken into the ballast tank 10, the switching valve 5 in the ship 1 shown in FIG. 2 is switched to the outlet 11 side, and the switching valve 7 is opposite to the inlet 8. Next, the pump 9 in the ship 1 is driven (in this case, the switching valve 25 communicates the filter container 28 and the ballast water inlet 13, and the switching valve 26 communicates the ballast water outlet 14 and the switching valve 7. is doing).

  Then, the ballast water in the ballast tank 10 shown in FIG. 2 is discharged out of the ship 1 from the outlet 11 through the switching valve 5, the pump 9, and the switching valve 7 through the sea chest 4. Also at this time, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the ballast water treatment device 12 is interposed between the pump 9 and the inlet 8 (the switching valve 25 includes the filter container 28 and the ballast water inlet 13. The switching valve 26 communicates the ballast water outlet 14 and the switching valve 7).

  For this reason, the ballast water in the ballast tank 10 is supplied from the ballast water inlet 13 into the ballast water treatment vessel 15 via the switching valve 5 and the pump 9 from the outlet 11.

  As described with reference to FIG. 4, a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 16 provided as an example of ultraviolet irradiation means and a plurality of photocatalysts 17 disposed between the ultraviolet lamps 16 are provided in the ballast water treatment container 15.

  For this reason, living organisms such as aquatic organisms and bacteria are generated by the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp 16 provided in the ballast water treatment container 15 and the activated hydroxyl radicals generated by the photocatalyst 17 that has received the ultraviolet rays. The seed will be killed.

  Then, the ballast water in which species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria are killed in this way is then transferred to the ballast water outlet 14 of the ballast water treatment vessel 15, the switching valve 26, and the switching valve 7. It is discharged out of the ship 1 from the chest 4.

  That is, when the ballast water is taken up, biological species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria are killed in the ballast water treatment container 15, but for example, dormant spores of these biological species remain untreated. Then, since it may germinate in the ballast tank 10, even when such ballast water is discharged, these biological species are killed in the ballast water treatment container 15.

In the state where the biological species have been killed in the ballast water treatment vessel 15, as shown in FIG. 5, an inorganic deposit (for example, CaCO ₃ ) 29 or an organic system is deposited on the surface of the photocatalyst 17. The attached matter (for example, dead species) 30 is attached, and in this state, the effect of killing the species of the photocatalyst 17 at the next use is low.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, after the above-described ballast water has been taken in and discharged, the cleaning liquid pump 24 and the ballast water inlet 13 are communicated with each other by the switching valve 25 shown in FIG. 3, and the ballast water outlet 14 and the cleaning liquid are connected by the switching valve 26. The tank 22 is communicated. In this state, the surface of the photocatalyst 17 is cleaned by driving the cleaning liquid pump 24.

  Then, the cleaning liquid prepared in the cleaning liquid tank 22 is vigorously supplied to the ballast water treatment vessel 15 through the cleaning liquid outlet 23, the cleaning liquid pump 24, the switching valve 25, and the ballast water inlet 13, and as a result, as shown in FIG. Further, with the abrasive 21 contained in the cleaning liquid, the inorganic deposit 29 and the organic deposit 30 are polished and removed together with the surface of the layer composed of the photocatalyst powder 19 and the UV-resistant binder 20, as shown in FIG. The surface of the photocatalyst 17 is in a new surface state.

  Therefore, the biological species killing effect by the photocatalyst 17 can be maintained in a high state even at the next use.

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that approximately 1/100 of the surface of the layer composed of the photocatalyst powder 19 and the ultraviolet resistant binder 20 is removed by one cleaning, and the amount of 100 that is polished and removed at one time is assumed. The double thickness was defined as the thickness of the layer composed of the photocatalyst powder 19 and the UV-resistant binder 20.

  This is a value set since the total uptake and discharge of ballast water is approximately 70 times per year (in FIGS. 5 to 7, for the convenience of the drawing, the photocatalyst powder 19 and the ultraviolet light resistance are set. The middle of the layer made of the binder 20 is omitted).

  Further, since the ultraviolet lamp 16 is worn over a long period of time, electrode wear and blackening of the inner wall of the quartz tube occur, so that the intensity of ultraviolet irradiation decreases.

  Therefore, it is necessary to periodically replace the ultraviolet lamp 16 within thousands of hours from the start of lighting.

  As understood from the above description, it is desirable to replace the photocatalyst 17 and the ultraviolet lamp 16 once / year in accordance with the period of the regular inspection of the ship. The lamp 16 is detachably mounted in the ballast water treatment container 15.

  The cleaning of the surface of the photocatalyst body 17 is also a feature of the present embodiment. At this time, the photocatalyst powder 19 constituting the photocatalyst body 17 includes anatase-type titanium oxide and fluorine as described above. The greatest feature is that it is a titanium oxide photocatalyst in which the anatase type titanium oxide and fluorine are chemically bonded.

  That is, in the photocatalyst powder 19 having such a structure, as shown in FIG. 8, the fluorine in the photocatalyst powder 19 is chemically bonded to titanium but not bonded to the UV-resistant binder 20. As a result, the surface of the photocatalyst 17 and the inorganic deposit 29 or the organic deposit 30 are effectively polished and removed by the cleaning described above. It becomes.

  FIG. 9 shows a bonded state between the photocatalyst powder 31 not containing fluorine and the ultraviolet-resistant binder 20, and in this state, the photocatalyst powder 31 has more strong bonds through Si—O than the photocatalyst powder 19. Therefore, even if the above-described cleaning is performed, the surface of the photocatalyst 17 and the inorganic deposits 29 and the organic deposits 30 are not easily polished and removed.

  As described above, the present invention includes a ballast water treatment container having a ballast water inlet and a ballast water outlet, and an ultraviolet irradiation means provided in the ballast water treatment container, and the photocatalyst is provided in the ballast water treatment container. Since the photocatalyst body has a structure in which the photocatalyst powder is adhered to the base material with an ultraviolet resistant binder, the photocatalyst body can be downsized.

  That is, in the present invention, aquatic organisms, bacteria, etc. by ultraviolet rays from ultraviolet irradiation means provided in the ballast water treatment container and activated hydroxyl radicals generated by the photocatalyst that has received the ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide conventional ozone generation means and ozone deaeration means outside the ballast water treatment container, and as a result, downsizing can be achieved.

  In addition, since the photocatalyst body in the present invention has a structure in which the photocatalyst powder is adhered to the base material with an ultraviolet resistant binder, the photocatalyst powder is inadvertently removed from the base material by ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation means. Although it does not peel off, for example, after supplying the ballast water, if the abrasive is poured into the ballast water treatment container together with the cleaning liquid, the surface of the photocatalyst is changed to a dead body such as aquatic organisms or bacteria attached to the surface. Etc. can be easily removed.

  That is, in this way, the surface of the photocatalyst can always be a new surface, and the activated hydroxyl radical generated by the photocatalyst kills biological species such as aquatic organisms and bacteria. It is possible to maintain the effect of making it high.

  Therefore, utilization as a ballast water treatment apparatus for ships is expected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 2 Port 3 Waterline 4 Sea chest 5 Switching valve 7 Switching valve 8 Inlet 9 Pump 10 Ballast tank 11 Outlet 12 Ballast water treatment apparatus 13 Ballast water inflow port 14 Ballast water outflow port 15 Ballast water treatment container 16 Ultraviolet lamp 17 Photocatalyst DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 Base material 19 Photocatalyst powder 20 UV resistant binder 21 Abrasive agent 22 Cleaning liquid tank 23 Cleaning liquid outlet 24 Cleaning liquid pump 25 Switching valve 26 Switching valve 28 Filter container 29 Inorganic deposit 30 Organic deposit 31 Photocatalyst powder

Claims (10)

A ballast water treatment vessel having a ballast water inlet and a ballast water outlet, and an ultraviolet irradiation means provided in the ballast water treatment vessel, and a photocatalyst body is detachably provided in the ballast water treatment vessel. The photocatalyst body is a ballast water treatment apparatus in which photocatalyst powder is adhered to a base material with an ultraviolet-resistant binder. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein glass fiber is used as a base material of the photocatalyst body. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a glass fiber knitted fabric is used as a base material of the photocatalyst body. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein silica is used as the ultraviolet resistant binder. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ultraviolet lamps are detachably mounted as ultraviolet irradiation means in the ballast water treatment container, and a plurality of photocatalysts are detachably mounted in the ballast water treatment container. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to one. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a cleaning liquid outlet of a cleaning liquid tank in which an abrasive is stored is connected to a ballast water inlet of the ballast water treatment container via a switching valve. The filter container is connected to the upstream side of the ballast water inlet of the ballast water treatment container, and the cleaning liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid tank is connected between the ballast water inlet of the ballast water treatment container and the filter container. Ballast water treatment equipment. The ballast water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the photocatalyst powder is a titanium oxide photocatalyst containing anatase-type titanium oxide and fluorine, and the anatase-type titanium oxide and fluorine are chemically bonded. The method for cleaning a ballast water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the abrasive is introduced together with a cleaning liquid from a ballast water inlet of the ballast water treatment container. The method for cleaning a ballast water treatment apparatus according to claim 9, wherein after the ballast water is supplied from the ballast water outlet of the ballast water treatment vessel, the abrasive is introduced into the ballast water treatment vessel from the ballast water inlet into the ballast water treatment vessel.

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