JP2012086352A - Machine tool machining method and machine tool machining system by special tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform working in one line using a special tool which cannot be accommodated in a tool holding pod of a tool magazine.SOLUTION: In a machine tool machining system 1, a pallet 4 on which a work is mounted is arranged on a carrying means 5 to move a carrying line 3 and attached to a spindle of a machining center 7. In the machining center 7, the tool magazine is provided for accommodating work machining tools. A special tool mounting pallet 4A to which the special tool which cannot be accommodated in the tool holding pod is attached is stored in a pallet stocker 12 together with the work pallet 4. The special tool mounting pallet 4A is called by a control code of a machining program in a work machining control means and moved to the carrying means 5, carried to the machining center 7 and mounted on a turntable. The work is machined by the special tool attached to the machining center 7 and the special tool mounting pallet 4A is returned to the pallet stocker 12 after the finish of the machining work.

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool machining method and a machine tool machining system in which a special tool having a special shape that cannot be stored in a tool holding pod of a tool magazine can be exchanged and used in one line for machining a workpiece using a machine tool. It is.

A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is known as a processing facility in which a plurality of machine tools such as general-purpose machining centers are arranged and these are collectively controlled by a computer. FMS is a factory automation technology that economically and efficiently performs high-mix low-volume production. As a machining line using this FMS, for example, those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed.
The FMS described in Patent Document 1 stores a plurality of tools that can be attached to and detached from each machine tool in a tool holding pod of a tool magazine, and these tools are standard tools according to the position of the tool holding pod of the tool magazine. The tool replenishing tool is provided with a replenishing tool that is classified into a dedicated tool and can be used in exchange for the dedicated tool. Then, if necessary, the dedicated tool and the replenishing tool are exchanged, the tool magazine is moved, and the machine tool is automatically replenished.

  In addition, in the tool changing method described in Patent Document 2, a pallet provided with a tool magazine is carried into a work pallet transport path so that it can be exchanged between the spindle of the machine tool and the tool holding pod tool of the tool magazine. Yes. When machining a workpiece that is different from the workpiece to be processed normally, the pallet with the necessary tool magazine is moved from the tool standby conveyor to the workpiece pallet conveyance path, and the tool is exchanged with the spindle of the desired machining center. The workpiece is cut.

These tools in the machine tool machining system used in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are all housed in the tool holding pod of the tool magazine, and are removed from the tool holding pod when the tool is changed to exchange the tool with the spindle. Is.
Some workpieces are cut using a specially shaped tool (hereinafter referred to as a special tool) that cannot be stored in a tool holding pod of a tool magazine of a general-purpose machining center, such as an angle-shaped tool or a long tool tool. In that case, the tool magazine in a general-purpose machine tool can be remodeled into a tool magazine with a specially shaped tool-holding pod on which a special tool can be mounted, or it can be used for special tools separately from general-purpose machine tools. It was necessary to prepare a processing machine and divide a part of the workpiece.

JP 60-14639 A JP 2005-169586 A

  However, in the above-described case, it is necessary to modify the machine tool, manufacture a separate dedicated processing machine, or the like, which increases the cost. Also, when preparing a dedicated processing machine separate from general-purpose machine tools and dividing the process into parts one by one, the same applies to FMS, but complicated processing control is required, and production efficiency is reduced. There was a problem to lower. In addition, since the workpiece must be transferred and controlled between the two machine tool systems, there is a drawback that the machining accuracy of the workpiece is lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is characterized in that machining can be performed with a single machine tool using a special tool that cannot be accommodated in the tool holding pod of the tool magazine. It aims at providing a processing method and a machine tool processing system.

A machine tool machining method using a special tool according to the present invention includes a conveying unit that conveys a pallet on which a workpiece to be machined is mounted, a plurality of machine tools that process the workpiece conveyed by the conveying unit, and a workpiece using these machine tools. Machine tool processing method comprising: a tool magazine for storing a tool for machining a tool in a tool holding pod; and a workpiece mounted on a pallet for conveying a workpiece mounted on a pallet by a conveying means. The special tool mounting pallet with special tools that cannot be stored in the tool magazine is transported to the machine tool by the transport means, the special tool is mounted on the machine tool, and the workpiece is processed by the special tool. Features.
A machine tool machining system using a special tool according to the present invention includes a conveying means for conveying a pallet on which a workpiece to be machined is mounted, a plurality of machine tools for machining the workpiece conveyed by the conveying means, and a workpiece using these machine tools. A tool magazine for storing the tool for machining the tool in the tool holding pod and a special tool mounting pallet to which a special tool that cannot be stored in the tool magazine is mounted. The special tool mounting pallet is transported to the machine tool by a transport means. It is characterized in that the workpiece is machined with.

 According to the machine tool machining method and the machine tool machining system using the special tool according to the present invention, the pallet carrying the workpiece to be machined is conveyed by the conveying means and held in the machining center, and the pallet machining is performed by the tool attached to the machining center. When machining with special tools, the special tool mounting pallet loaded with special tools is transported to the machining center by transport means, the pallet is replaced, the tools are replaced, and the special tool is mounted on the machining center for cutting. Do. Therefore, even if a special tool cannot be stored in the tool holding pod of the tool magazine, it is not necessary to divide the cutting with the special tool using a separate machine tool processing system. Both cutting tools and special tools that cannot be mounted can be exchanged for cutting.

Moreover, it is preferable that the special tool mounting pallet is conveyed to the machine tool by the conveying means based on the code signal of the workpiece machining program.
The operation of transferring the special tool mounting pallet to the conveying means, mounting it on the machining center, processing it, removing it from the machining center and unloading the special tool mounting pallet can be controlled based on the code signal of the workpiece processing program.

The special tool mounting pallet is preferably stored in a pallet stocker together with a pallet for mounting a workpiece.
The special tool loading pallets are arranged and stored together with the work pallet in the pallet stocker, and the special tool loading pallet is transferred from the pallet stocker to the conveying means and conveyed to the machine tool as necessary.

Further, the life data or / and correction data of the special tool corresponding to the machining amount of the workpiece by the special tool may be read and the life data or / and correction data of the special tool may be corrected and stored.
Each time a special tool is mounted on a machining center and used, its life data and / or correction data can be stored in accordance with the machining amount. Moreover, since the tool correction data of the special tool can be stored at any time, the processing accuracy can be maintained even if the special tool mounting pallet is carried into another machine tool.

The machine tool machining system according to the present invention may be provided with a workpiece machining control means for transporting the special tool mounting pallet to the machine tool by a code signal of the workpiece machining program.
Moreover, you may provide the pallet stocker which stores the special tool mounting pallet and the pallet for mounting a workpiece | work.
In addition, special tool life data or / and correction data corresponding to the amount of workpiece processed by the special tool is read from the machine tool on which the special tool is mounted, and the special tool life data and / or correction data is corrected to make a special You may make it memorize | store in a tool life management means.

According to the machine tool processing method and the machine tool processing system using the special tool according to the present invention, the special tool mounting pallet can be transported by the pallet transport means and installed on the machine tool to perform the cutting process. There is no need to provide a special tool magazine that can be stored in the tool holder, and the cutting of the workpiece can be performed with a single machine tool using the tool magazine that can store a standard tool or the like in the tool holding pod.
Therefore, when a workpiece is cut, all the cutting operations can be completed by using a tool mounted on the machine tool and a special tool by transferring the pallet loaded with the workpiece to the machine tool once by the transfer means. It is not necessary to transfer between the machine tool machining systems, and variations in workpiece machining accuracy due to transfer between a plurality of machine tool machining systems can be eliminated. In addition, since it is possible to control the loading and conveyance of the special tool pallet together with the workpiece pallet within one machining program, efficient machining can be performed.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the automatic machine tool processing system by embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the principal part structure of the machining center shown in FIG. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the rotary table of a machining center shown in FIG. 1, a work pallet, and a special tool mounting pallet. It is a block diagram of the management control part used for the automatic machine tool processing system. In the management control unit, (a) is a part of a table showing pallet information in the pallet information management means, and (b) is an example of data of the special tool loading pallet and its calling group in the special tool loading pallet control means 27 Yes, (c) is a diagram showing the life setting data of the special tool in the special tool life management means. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the control code of the machining program in a workpiece | work machining control means. It is a flowchart which shows the automatic machine tool processing method by the automatic machine tool processing system of embodiment.

Hereinafter, an automatic machine tool machining system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An automatic machine tool processing system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, an FMS. In this automatic machine tool processing system 1, a line-shaped conveyance guide 3 extends to a workpiece conveyance section 2, and a conveyance means 5 for conveying a workpiece pallet 4 mounted thereon is movably supported on the conveyance guide 3. Has been. One or a plurality of (three in the figure) machining centers 7 are arranged as machine tools on one side of the conveyance guide 3. The work pallet 4 is a pallet 4 for mounting the workpiece W before processing.
Further, on one side of the conveyance guide 3, setup stations 9 and 10 for mounting the workpiece W on the workpiece pallet 4 are provided at positions adjacent to the machining center 7.
A pallet stocker 12 is disposed on the other side of the conveyance guide 3, and a plurality of work pallets 4 are arranged and stocked on the pallet stocker 12, and a part of them is replaced with a special tool mounting pallet 4A. ing.

In the machining center 7 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a tool mounting spindle 16 is provided in a horizontal direction on a column provided on a base 15. A rotary table 17 is rotatably provided on the base 15 at a position facing the main shaft 16. The rotary table 17 can be rotated 180 ° by an automatic pallet exchanging device (not shown) so that the pallet 4 transferred from the conveying means 5 can selectively take a processing position and a standby position.
A tool magazine 19 is provided on the side of the machining center 7. A number of tool holding pods (not shown) provided in the tool magazine 19 store and hold standard tools including various tools. Here, the standard tool includes all types of tools that can be stored in the tool holding pod. One of the tools stored in the tool holding pod is attached to and detached from the main shaft 16 by the automatic tool changer 20.
In the present embodiment, the tool magazine 19 and the automatic tool changer 20 are provided in each machining center 7.

Here, the special tool mounting pallet 4A provided in a part of the row of the work pallets 4 in the pallet stocker 12 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In the special tool mounting pallet 4A shown in FIG. 3, a special tool 22 having a special shape that cannot be stored in the tool holding pod of the above-described tool magazine 19 is mounted and held on the pallet 4 similar to the work pallet 4 by the jig 23. ing.
The special tool 22 is held on the pallet 4 by one or a plurality of different tools and a jig 23. Examples of the special tool 22 include an angle tool for oblique cutting, and a long tool that is longer than the allowable storage length. Then, in a state where the special tool mounting pallet 4A is held at the machining position of the rotary table 17, for example, the main shaft 16 relatively moves forward so that any special tool 22 can be selectively mounted on the main shaft 16. ing.
Note that the special tool mounting pallet 4A is arranged in the pallet stocker 12 and the special tool 22 is already mounted, but the special tool mounting pallet 4A is not mounted and is set to be mounted at the setup stations 9 and 10. Also good.

The conveying means 5 provided in the conveying guide 3 and each machining center 7 are electrically connected to the management control unit 24.
As shown in FIG. 4, the management control unit 24 includes position information of each pallet No. arranged in the pallet stocker 12 and pallet information such as whether the pallet 4 in each pallet No. is a work pallet 4 or a special tool mounting pallet 4A. Pallet information management means 25 for managing the workpiece W and the workpiece machining control means 26 for managing the machining control of the workpiece W at the machining center 7 and for controlling the conveyance of the conveying means 5 of the pallet 4.
The management control unit 24 further controls the removal of the special tool mounting pallet 4A from the pallet stocker 12 in the processing stage of the workpiece W, the work processing by the special tool 22, and the return of the special tool 22 and the special tool mounting pallet 4A. The mounted pallet control means 27 and the special tool life management means 28 for managing the tool life of the special tool 22 used for machining are provided.

Part of the contents of the pallet information management means 25 is disclosed in FIG. 5A, and the pallet 4 corresponding to the pallet No. is registered as the special tool mounting pallet 4A or the work pallet 4. The workpiece machining control means 26 controls the attachment / detachment / replacement of the standard tool from the tool magazine 19 and the machining of the workpiece by the standard tool, and also calls the special control called from the stocker 12 of the special tool loading pallet 22 to the conveying means 5. Processing control of the tool 22 and return control to the pallet stocker 12 are performed, and these controls are set by control codes of the processing program shown in FIG.
Further, a part of the contents of the special tool mounting pallet control means 27 is disclosed in FIG. 5B, and the pallet No. and a group of one or a plurality of special tools 22 to be called for workpiece cutting processing are disclosed. The relationship is preset.
Furthermore, in the special tool life management means 28, a part of an example is disclosed in FIG. That is, the relationship data between the life before the use of the special tool 22 corresponding to the pallet No. and the correction data for estimating the wear and wear of the cutting edge due to the cutting time (processing amount) used for cutting by the machining center 7 and the remaining life are obtained. It is disclosed.

The automatic machine tool machining system 1 using the special tool 22 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, a machine tool machining method of the workpiece W using the special tool 22 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. To do.
In the row of pallets 4 of the pallet stocker 12 of the automatic machine tool processing system 1, the pallet 4 on which the special tool 22 is mounted is arranged at a proper position as a special tool mounting pallet 4A. Then, pallet information in which the pallet corresponding to the specific pallet No in the pallet stocker 12 is set as the work pallet 4 or the special tool mounting pallet 4A is registered in advance in the pallet information management means 25 in the management control unit 24 (step 101).

In FIG. 1, an arbitrary work pallet 4 is taken out from the pallet stocker 12 according to an instruction from the work processing control means 26, and is transferred to the set-up stations 9 and 10 by the transfer means 5 on the transfer line 3. 10, work W is mounted. Next, the work pallet 4 on which the work W is mounted is transported along the transport line 3 to each machining center 7 by the transport means 5 and transferred to the standby position of the rotary table 17 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The work pallet 4 is rotated from the standby position to the machining position by the rotation of the rotary table 17, and is cut by a standard tool previously attached to the main shaft 16 (step 102).
In these processes, the work pallet 4 is sequentially conveyed to a plurality of machining centers 7 by the conveying means 5 to perform cutting.

When cutting of the workpiece W by the machining program proceeds to a predetermined stage and enters the machining stage by the special tool 22, the calling of the special tool 22 by the machining program control code is instructed. Cutting by the standard tool is stopped by an instruction from the workpiece processing control means 26. Then, according to the schedule by the workpiece processing control means 26, the special tool mounting pallet control means 27 takes out the special tool mounting pallet 4A from the pallet stocker 12, and transports it to the target machining center 7 by the transport means 5 (step 103).
The special tool mounting pallet 4A held in the pallet stocker 12 is taken out and conveyed by executing a control code (“AP (attachment pallet) call)” in the machining program in the workpiece machining control means 26 (see FIG. 6). . This starts the special cycle mode.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the special tool mounting pallet 4 </ b> A transported to the predetermined machining center 7 is transferred to the standby position of the rotary table 17. Next, the rotary table 17 is rotated 180 ° to move the workpiece W in the middle of processing to the standby position, and the special tool mounting pallet 4A is moved to the processing position and stopped. In this state, the main shaft 16 is relatively moved in the height direction and the horizontal direction so that the main shaft 16 and the special tool 22 used for machining in the special tool mounting pallet 4A face each other. Then, by moving the spindle 16 forward, the required special tool 22 held by the jig 23 on the special tool mounting pallet 4A is mounted on the spindle 16 (step 104). Next, the spindle 16 is returned to the machining position of the workpiece W.
Next, by reversing the rotary table 17, the work pallet 4 on which the work W is mounted is positioned at the machining position and the pallet 4 of the special tool mounting pallet 4A is rotated to the standby position. Then, the processing of the workpiece W is continued with the special tool 22 attached to the spindle 16 (step 105).
The removed standard tool may be returned to the tool magazine 19 by the automatic tool changer 20, or may be temporarily held on the special tool mounting pallet 4A.

  Then, at the stage where the cutting of the workpiece W by the special tool 22 is finished, the machining program instructs the end of machining of the special tool 22 by a control code. The workpiece machining control means 26 instructs the return of the special tool 22 (“AP return”). As a result, the special tool 22 is returned to the special tool mounting pallet 4A that is rotated and held at the machining position, and the special tool mounting pallet 4A is returned to the conveying means 5 in a procedure reverse to the above-described tool replacement procedure. 106). Then, the special tool loading pallet 4A is carried out to a predetermined position of the pallet stocker 12 by the conveying means 5 (step 107). Thus, the special cycle mode is finished.

  In the special cycle mode, when the special tool loading pallet 4A is carried into the machining center 7 from the pallet stocker 12, the management control unit 24 transmits the tool life data of the special tool 22 of the special tool life management means 28 to the machining center 7. To do. When the machining with the special tool 22 at the machining center 7 is completed and the special tool 22 is carried out from the machining center 7 to the special tool mounting pallet 4A, the tool life correction data corresponding to the machining amount by the special tool 22 is read out. Then, it is input to the special tool mounting pallet control means 27 in the management control section 24, and the corrected tool life data and correction data are stored in the special tool life management means 28 (see FIG. 5C).

When the special cycle mode is completed, cutting by the standard tool of the machining center 7 is restarted (step 108) or the cutting of the workpiece W is completed (step 109) according to an instruction from the workpiece machining control means 26. The workpiece W that has been cut in this way is transferred to the next step.
In the special cycle mode in the above-described cutting process, the workpiece W is cut with one special tool 22, but instead, the workpiece may be cut sequentially with a plurality of special tools 22. For this, the special tool mounting pallet 4A of the calling group corresponding to the pallet No. of the special tool mounting pallet 4A set in advance by the pallet information management means 25 in accordance with the special tool mounting pallet 4A selected first. The special tool loading pallet control means 27 sequentially calls the pallet stocker 12 (see FIG. 5B).
After the special tool 22 used for the cutting process is returned to the pallet stocker 12, the next special tool loading pallet 4A is carried from the pallet stocker 12 to the machining center 7.

If the machining center 7 to which the second special tool 22 is to be mounted is a machining center 7 different from the machining center 7 to which the first special tool 22 is mounted, the second special tool mounting pallet 4A is positioned at the position of the machining center 7 to be mounted. The second special tool 22 is mounted on the spindle 16 from the second special tool mounting pallet 4 </ b> A.
When the workpiece W is cut with the standard tool mounted on the tool holding pod of the tool magazine 19, the pallet 4 on which the next workpiece W is mounted is the machining center 7 in order to improve the processing efficiency. It is preferable that the rotary table 17 is held at a standby position.
However, when a control code for calling the special tool mounting pallet 4A is output, in order to secure a space for transporting the special tool mounting pallet 4A to the standby position of the rotary table 17, the work mounted with the next work W is secured. The pallet 4 is not transported to the standby position of the rotary table 17 but is made to wait by the pallet stocker 12.

As described above, according to the automatic machine tool processing system 1 according to the present embodiment, when a process of cutting the workpiece W with the special tool 22 is necessary, the tool holding pod capable of storing a standard tool that cannot store the special tool 22. While using a plurality of general-purpose machining centers 7 provided with a tool magazine 19 provided with a cutting tool, the workpiece W can be cut in one line, and there is no need to provide a special tool magazine on which a special tool 22 can be mounted. . Moreover, the special tool 22 can be transported to any machining center 7 in the automatic machine tool processing system 1 and processing by the special tool 22 can be performed.
In addition, when the workpiece W is cut, the workpiece pallet 4 loaded with the workpiece W is conveyed to the conveying line 3 once to be sequentially supplied to each machining center 7, and all the cutting operations using the special tool 22 and the standard tool are completed. it can. Therefore, since it is not necessary for the workpiece W or the work pallet 4 to move between the plurality of machine tool processing systems, it is possible to prevent variations in processing accuracy caused by transferring between the plurality of machine tool processing systems.

In addition, since the control code in the machining program of the workpiece machining control means 26 provided in the management control unit 24 can control the carry-in and carry-out of the special tool mounting pallet 4A to and from the machining center 7, the most efficient processing can be achieved. Good processing can be done.
In addition, since the tool life data and the correction data of the special tool 22 are transmitted and received between the machining center 7 on which the special tool 22 is mounted and the special tool life management means 28, the tool life is detected to detect the tool life. Tool change is possible. Therefore, even if the special tool mounting pallet 4 </ b> A is carried into any machining center 7, it is possible to maintain highly accurate processing considering the life of the special tool 22.

The machine tool machining method and the machine tool machining system using the special tool by the automatic machine tool machining system 1 according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the tool magazine 19 is attached to each machining center 7, but instead, the tool magazine 19 is attached to the pallet 4 and conveyed to each machining center 7 by the conveying means 5. May be attached to the main shaft 16.
In the machine tool machining method according to the above-described embodiment, the machining with the standard tool is first performed, and then the machining with the special tool 22 is performed. However, the procedure of the machine tool machining method is arbitrary, and at least a special tool is used. What is necessary is just to include the process by the tool 22.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Automatic machine tool processing system 3 Conveyance line 4 Work pallet 4A Special tool mounting pallet 5 Conveying means
7 Machining center 9, 10 Setup station 12 Pallet stocker 16 Spindle 22 Special tool 24 Management control unit 26 Work processing control means 27 Special tool mounting pallet control means 28 Special tool life management means W Workpiece

Claims (8)

Conveying means for conveying a pallet carrying a workpiece to be machined, a plurality of machine tools for machining the work conveyed by the conveying means, and a tool for machining the workpiece by these machine tools are stored in a tool holding pod. A machine tool machining method, comprising a tool magazine, wherein a workpiece mounted on the pallet is conveyed by the conveying means and is machined by a tool attached to a spindle of a machine tool,
The special tool mounting pallet with a special tool that cannot be stored in the tool magazine is transported to the machine tool by the transport means, the special tool is mounted on the machine tool, and the workpiece is processed by the special tool. A machine tool processing method characterized.   The machine tool machining method according to claim 1, wherein the special tool mounting pallet is conveyed to the machine tool by the conveying means based on a code signal of a workpiece machining program.   The machine tool processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the special tool mounting pallet is stored in a pallet stocker together with a pallet for mounting a workpiece.   4. The life data or / and correction data of the special tool corresponding to the machining amount of the workpiece by the special tool is read, and the life data or / and correction data of the special tool are corrected and stored. The machine tool processing method described in the above.  Conveying means for conveying a pallet carrying a workpiece to be machined, a plurality of machine tools for machining the work conveyed by the conveying means, and a tool for machining the workpiece by these machine tools are stored in a tool holding pod. A tool magazine and a special tool mounting pallet to which a special tool that cannot be stored in the tool magazine is mounted. The special tool mounting pallet is transported to a machine tool by a transporting means, and the workpiece is loaded with the special tool mounted on the machine tool. A machine tool processing system characterized by being machined.   6. The machine tool machining system according to claim 5, further comprising workpiece machining control means for conveying the special tool mounting pallet to a machine tool by a code signal of a workpiece machining program.   The machine tool processing system according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a pallet stocker for storing the special tool mounting pallet and a pallet for mounting a workpiece.   The special tool life data or / and correction data corresponding to the amount of workpiece processed by the special tool is read from the machine tool on which the special tool is mounted, and the special tool life data and / or correction data is corrected. The machine tool machining system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the machine tool machining system is stored in the tool life management means.

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