JP2012085890A - Smoke eliminating equipment - Google Patents
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- JP2012085890A JP2012085890A JP2010236059A JP2010236059A JP2012085890A JP 2012085890 A JP2012085890 A JP 2012085890A JP 2010236059 A JP2010236059 A JP 2010236059A JP 2010236059 A JP2010236059 A JP 2010236059A JP 2012085890 A JP2012085890 A JP 2012085890A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、消火排煙設備、特に排煙設備に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing and exhausting facility, and more particularly to a smoke exhausting facility.
例えば、トンネルなどには水噴霧設備が設置されており、車両火災等の発生を火災検知器等で検知し、火災位置に対応する水噴霧ヘッドを放水制御して、火災の抑制及び駆体の保護を行う。 For example, a water spray facility is installed in a tunnel, etc., the occurrence of a vehicle fire, etc. is detected by a fire detector, etc., and the water spray head corresponding to the fire position is controlled to discharge water to suppress fire and the fuselage. Provide protection.
火災時に発生する煙は、人に有害な物質が含まれる上、避難時の視野を阻害する。このような煙は火災区画の天井部から充満する。水噴霧ヘッドから水を散布すると、天井部の煙が区画全体に拡散するので、避難者に被害を及ぼす可能性があり、避難上の大きな問題となっている。 Smoke generated at the time of fire contains substances harmful to human beings and obstructs the field of view during evacuation. Such smoke fills from the ceiling of the fire compartment. If water is sprayed from the water spray head, the smoke on the ceiling diffuses throughout the compartment, which may cause damage to the evacuees, which is a major evacuation problem.
本発明は、前記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、火災が発生したときに煙が拡散しないように排煙すること、また、排煙設備の他に消火設備としても適用できることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to exhaust smoke so that smoke does not diffuse when a fire occurs, and to be applied as fire extinguishing equipment in addition to smoke exhausting equipment. The purpose is to be able to.
この発明の排煙設備は、ノズルを内蔵した泡発生機本体の基端側に空気取込口、他端側に発泡用網を設けた泡発生機を、防護区画の上部に設け、該防護区画で火災が発生したときに、前記泡発生機が、前記防護区画における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡を生成し、該生成した高膨張泡を放出することを特徴とする。 The smoke evacuation equipment of this invention is provided with a foam generator provided with an air intake port on the base end side of a foam generator main body incorporating a nozzle and a foam net on the other end side at the upper part of the protection section. When a fire occurs in a compartment, the foam generator takes in air in the protective compartment to generate high expansion foam, and releases the generated high expansion foam.
また、前記泡発生機を、前記空気取込口が前記防護区画側を向くように、前記防護区画の境界上部に設け、前記防護区画で火災が発生したときに、前記泡発生機が、前記防護区画における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡を生成し、該生成した高膨張泡を前記防護区画外に放出することにより、前記防護区画内を排煙することを特徴とする。 Further, the foam generator is provided at the upper boundary of the protective compartment so that the air intake port faces the protective compartment, and when a fire occurs in the protective compartment, the foam generator is Air in the protective compartment is taken in to generate high expansion foam, and the generated high expansion foam is discharged out of the protective compartment, thereby exhausting the inside of the protective compartment.
また、前記泡発生機を、前記発泡用網が前記防護区画側を向くように、前記防護区画の境界上部に設け、前記防護区画で火災が発生したときに、前記防護区画外における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡を生成し、該生成した高膨張泡を前記防護区画内に放出することにより、前記防護区画内における火災を消火することを特徴とする。 Further, the foam generator is provided at an upper boundary of the protective compartment so that the foaming net faces the protective compartment side, and takes in air outside the protective compartment when a fire occurs in the protective compartment. A high-expansion foam is generated by the above-mentioned method, and the generated high-expansion foam is discharged into the protective compartment, thereby extinguishing a fire in the protective compartment.
また、トンネルの長手方向に沿って複数形成された前記防護区画の境界上部のそれぞれに、向きを同一にして、前記泡発生機を配置したことを特徴とする。 In addition, the foam generators are arranged in the same direction on each of the upper boundary portions of the protection sections formed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
この発明の排煙設備は、ノズルを内蔵した泡発生機本体の基端側に空気取込口、他端側に発泡用網を設けた泡発生機を、防護区画の上部に設け、該防護区画で火災が発生したときに、前記泡発生機が、前記防護区画における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡を生成し、該生成した高膨張泡を放出するものであるので、火災が発生した防護区画上部に滞留する煙を泡に閉じ込めて排煙することによって、煙の拡散を低減できる。ここで、生成した泡が時間の経過とともに消泡したとしても、消泡するまでの間に泡水溶液としての泡膜に煙粒子が吸着するので、煙の拡散量が低減できる。 The smoke evacuation equipment of this invention is provided with a foam generator provided with an air intake port on the base end side of a foam generator main body incorporating a nozzle and a foam net on the other end side at the upper part of the protection section. When a fire occurs in a compartment, the foam generator takes in the air in the protective compartment to generate a highly expanded foam and releases the generated highly expanded foam. Smoke diffusion can be reduced by trapping the smoke staying in the upper part in the bubbles and exhausting the smoke. Here, even if the generated foam is defoamed over time, the smoke particles are adsorbed on the foam film as the foam aqueous solution before defoaming, so that the amount of smoke diffusion can be reduced.
また、前記泡発生機を、前記空気取込口が前記防護区画側を向くように、前記防護区画の境界上部に設け、前記防護区画で火災が発生したときに、前記泡発生機が、前記防護区画における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡を生成し、該生成した高膨張泡を前記防護区画外に放出することにより、前記防護区画内を排煙するものであるので、火災が発生した防護区画内から排煙を行うことによって、当該防護区画内での避難行動が容易となる。また、排煙先の防護区画は、煙を泡に閉じ込めて排煙されることによって、排煙された煙の拡散を低減できるので、当該防護区画内での避難行動が容易となる。 Further, the foam generator is provided at the upper boundary of the protective compartment so that the air intake port faces the protective compartment, and when a fire occurs in the protective compartment, the foam generator is Since the air in the protective compartment is taken in to produce highly expanded foam, and the generated highly expanded foam is discharged outside the protective compartment, the inside of the protective compartment is smoked. By evacuating the smoke from the inside, the evacuation action in the protection zone is facilitated. Moreover, since the diffusion of the smoke exhausted can be reduced by confining the smoke in the bubbles in the protective section of the smoke exhaust destination, the evacuation action in the protective section becomes easy.
また、前記泡発生機を、前記発泡用網が前記防護区画側を向くように、前記防護区画の境界上部に設け、前記防護区画で火災が発生したときに、前記防護区画外における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡を生成し、該生成した高膨張泡を前記防護区画内に放出することにより、前記防護区画内における火災を消火するものであるので、泡発生機は、排煙設備の他に消火設備としても適用できる。 Further, the foam generator is provided at an upper boundary of the protective compartment so that the foaming net faces the protective compartment side, and takes in air outside the protective compartment when a fire occurs in the protective compartment. In order to extinguish a fire in the protective compartment by generating the high expansion foam in the protective compartment and releasing the generated high expansion foam into the protective compartment, It can also be applied as fire extinguishing equipment.
また、トンネルの長手方向に沿って複数形成された前記防護区画の境界上部のそれぞれに、向きを同一にして、前記泡発生機を配置したものであるので、泡発生機は、隣接する防護区画における一方の防護区画では排煙設備として、他方の防護区画では消火設備として機能することができる。 In addition, since the foam generators are arranged in the same direction on each of the upper boundary portions of the protective compartments formed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the foam generators are adjacent to the protective compartments. It can function as a smoke evacuation facility in one of the protection sections and a fire extinguishing facility in the other protection section.
以下に、本発明の第１の実施形態を図１〜図２を参照して詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の第１の実施形態を示す構成図、図２は泡発生機の拡大断面図である。 Below, the 1st Embodiment of this invention is described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1-2. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a foam generator.
火災の対象となる防護対象物１としてのトンネルには、その長手方向に沿って所定間隔をおいて設定された境界Ｋ１〜Ｋ５により、複数の防護区画Ｓ１〜Ｓ４が設定されている。 In the tunnel as the protection target object 1 to be fired, a plurality of protection sections S1 to S4 are set by boundaries K1 to K5 set at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction.
防護区画Ｓ１〜Ｓ４のそれぞれの境界Ｋ１〜Ｋ５の上部には、前記各区画Ｓ１〜Ｓ４に対応して、消火排煙用設備（排煙用設備）として、排煙用、消火用として機能する泡発生機１０（１０Ａ〜１０Ｅ）が設けられている。 In the upper part of the boundaries K1 to K5 of the protection sections S1 to S4, corresponding to the sections S1 to S4, the fire extinguishing and exhausting equipment (smoke exhausting equipment) functions as smoke exhausting and fire extinguishing. A foam generator 10 (10A to 10E) is provided.
前記泡発生機１０は、基端側の空気取込口１２ａと他端側の出口１２ｂを有する筒状の泡発生機本体１２と、該本体１２の基端側に内蔵され、泡水溶液を放射するノズル１４と、前記出口１２ｂに張設された発泡用網１７と、を備えている。 The foam generator 10 is built in a cylindrical foam generator body 12 having an air intake port 12a on the base end side and an outlet 12b on the other end side, and on the base end side of the main body 12, and radiates an aqueous foam solution. And a foaming net 17 stretched around the outlet 12b.
前記泡発生機１０Ａ〜１０Ｅの各ノズル１４は、配管１４Ａ〜１４Ｅを介して図示しない泡水溶液供給部に接続されている。この泡水溶液供給部は、混合器、原液タンク及び加圧装置（水槽、ポンプ）から構成され、火災時に泡水溶液をノズル１４に供給する。前記各配管１４Ａ〜１４Ｅには、常時閉で火災時に開放される区画選択弁Ｖが設けられている。この選択弁Ｖの開放により、火災が発生した防護区画Ｓ（以下、必要に応じて「火災区画Ｓ」という）の泡発生機１０にのみ泡水溶液を供給する。 Each nozzle 14 of the said foam generator 10A-10E is connected to the foam aqueous solution supply part which is not shown in figure via piping 14A-14E. The foam aqueous solution supply unit includes a mixer, a stock solution tank, and a pressurizing device (water tank, pump), and supplies the foam aqueous solution to the nozzle 14 in the event of a fire. Each of the pipes 14A to 14E is provided with a partition selection valve V that is normally closed and opened in the event of a fire. By opening the selection valve V, the aqueous foam solution is supplied only to the foam generator 10 in the protection zone S where the fire has occurred (hereinafter referred to as “fire zone S” as necessary).
このとき、泡発生機１０は、ノズル１４から泡水溶液が放射されると、アスピレータ作用により負圧が発生し、空気取込口１２ａ側の防護区画Ｓから空気が取り込まれる。そして、該泡水溶液は発泡用網１７に衝突して空気を巻き込み、発泡Ｂする。この泡Ｂは、泡水溶液と生成された泡の体積比を示す発泡倍率が、例えば５００倍以上の高膨張泡であり、発泡用網１７側の防護区画Ｓ内に放出されて落下する。この泡Ｂは、該防護区画Ｓが火災区画Ｓである場合は、火源Ｆを覆うので、窒息消火が行われる。 At this time, when the foam aqueous solution is radiated from the nozzle 14, the foam generator 10 generates a negative pressure by the aspirator action, and air is taken in from the protective section S on the air intake port 12 a side. Then, the aqueous foam solution collides with the foaming net 17 and entrains air to foam B. The foam B is a highly expanded foam having a foaming ratio indicating a volume ratio of the foam aqueous solution and the generated foam of, for example, 500 times or more, and is released into the protective section S on the foaming net 17 side and falls. Since the foam B covers the fire source F when the protective section S is the fire section S, the suffocation fire is performed.
そのため、泡発生機１０は、発泡用網１７側の防護区画Ｓで火災が発生した場合は、上記の通りの消火用の泡消火装置として機能することができる。一方、空気取込口１２ａ側の防護区画Ｓで火災が発生した場合は、火災の発生により上部に滞留する煙を含む空気を取り込んで、泡発生機本体１２の内部で、煙を泡の中に包含した状態で、発泡用網１７側の防護区画Ｓ内に放出することができる排煙装置として機能することができる。 Therefore, the foam generator 10 can function as a foam extinguishing apparatus for extinguishing fire as described above when a fire occurs in the protective section S on the foaming net 17 side. On the other hand, when a fire occurs in the protection section S on the air intake 12a side, air containing smoke that stays in the upper part due to the occurrence of the fire is taken in, and the smoke is blown into the bubbles inside the foam generator body 12. It can function as a smoke exhaust device that can be discharged into the protective compartment S on the foaming net 17 side.
つまり、前記各区画Ｓ１〜Ｓ４に対応して、泡発生機１０Ａ〜１０Ｄは排煙用として機能し、また、泡発生機１０Ｂ〜１０Ｅは消火用として機能する。ここで、泡発生機１０Ａ〜１０Ｅは、トンネルの長手方向に沿って向き（例えば、泡発生機本体１２の向き）を同一（図１の場合は左向き）にして配置されたものであるので、泡発生機１０Ｂ〜１０Ｄは、空気取込口１２ａ側の防護区画Ｓの排煙用のみならず、発泡用網１７側の防護区画Ｓの消火用としても機能することができる。 That is, corresponding to each of the sections S1 to S4, the foam generators 10A to 10D function for smoke emission, and the foam generators 10B to 10E function for fire extinguishing. Here, the foam generators 10A to 10E are arranged with the same direction (for example, the direction of the foam generator main body 12) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (leftward in the case of FIG. 1). The foam generators 10B to 10D can function not only for exhausting smoke in the protective section S on the air intake port 12a side but also for extinguishing the protective section S on the foaming net 17 side.
なお、この泡発生機１０は、各区画に１個、又は、複数個設けられているが、その配設台数は、必要に応じて適宜選択される。また、その向きは、前記各区画Ｓ１〜Ｓ４に対応して左向きのみとしたが、右向きも並列に設置することもできる。 In addition, although this foam generator 10 is provided in each division by one piece or plural pieces, the arrangement | positioning number is suitably selected as needed. Further, the direction is only leftward in correspondence with each of the sections S1 to S4, but the rightward direction can also be installed in parallel.
前記各区画Ｓ１〜Ｓ４の側壁下部には、例えば、火災による炎を検出する火災感知器２１が設けられ、該火災感知器２１は信号線Ｌを介して受信機２３に接続されている。 For example, a fire detector 21 for detecting a flame caused by a fire is provided at the lower portion of the side wall of each of the sections S1 to S4, and the fire detector 21 is connected to the receiver 23 via a signal line L.
次に、本実施形態の作動について説明する。
区画Ｓ２に火災が発生すると、火災感知器２１が火災を検出する。そうすると、前記火災感知器２１は、信号線Ｌを介して火災信号を受信機２３に送出する。
前記受信機２３は、区画Ｓ２に対応する泡発生機１０Ｂ、１０Ｃの区画選択弁Ｖを開放させるとともに、泡水溶液供給部のポンプを起動させる。
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When a fire occurs in the section S2, the fire detector 21 detects the fire. Then, the fire detector 21 sends a fire signal to the receiver 23 via the signal line L.
The receiver 23 opens the section selection valve V of the foam generators 10B and 10C corresponding to the section S2, and activates the pump of the foam aqueous solution supply unit.
前記ポンプが起動すると、配管１４Ｂ、１４Ｃを介して該区画Ｓ２の泡発生機１０Ｂ、１０Ｃのノズル１４から泡水溶液が放射される。このとき、泡発生機１０Ｂは、ノズル１４から泡水溶液が放射されると、負圧が発生して、空気取込口１２ａから泡発生機本体１２内部に区画Ｓ２内の上部に滞留する煙を含む空気が取り込まれる。そして、該泡水溶液は発泡用網１７に衝突して空気（煙）を巻き込み、発泡Ｂする。この泡Ｂは、火災区画Ｓ２に隣接する区画Ｓ１内部に放出されて落下し、路面を覆うので、区画Ｓ１への火災の延焼が防止される。また、区画Ｓ１内は、火災区画Ｓ２から排煙された煙が泡の中に包含された状態であるため、排煙された煙が区画Ｓ１内を拡散することがないので、視認性が阻害されることなどはなく、避難行動が阻害されない。ここで、生成した泡Ｂが時間の経過とともに消泡したとしても、消泡するまでの間に泡水溶液としての泡膜に煙粒子が吸着するので、煙の拡散量が低減でき、必要以上に視認性が阻害されることはない。一方、区画Ｓ２内は、泡発生機１０Ｂによって区画Ｓ２外へ煙が排煙されるので、人に有害な物質が除去されるとともに、視認性が向上し、避難行動を容易とすることができる。 When the pump is activated, an aqueous foam solution is emitted from the nozzles 14 of the foam generators 10B and 10C in the section S2 via the pipes 14B and 14C. At this time, when the foam aqueous solution is radiated from the nozzle 14, the foam generator 10 </ b> B generates a negative pressure, and smoke that stays in the upper part of the section S <b> 2 inside the foam generator main body 12 from the air intake port 12 a. Contained air is taken in. Then, the aqueous foam solution collides with the foaming net 17 and entrains air (smoke) to foam B. This bubble B is discharged into the inside of the section S1 adjacent to the fire section S2 and falls and covers the road surface, so that the fire spread to the section S1 is prevented. Moreover, since the smoke exhausted from the fire compartment S2 is contained in the bubbles in the compartment S1, the smoke that has been exhausted does not diffuse in the compartment S1, and thus visibility is hindered. No evacuation behavior will be hindered. Here, even if the generated bubbles B are defoamed over time, the smoke particles are adsorbed to the foam film as the foam aqueous solution before defoaming, so the amount of smoke diffusion can be reduced and more than necessary. Visibility is not hindered. On the other hand, in the section S2, smoke is exhausted to the outside of the section S2 by the foam generator 10B, so that harmful substances are removed, visibility is improved, and evacuation behavior can be facilitated. .
また、泡発生機１０Ｃは、ノズル１４から泡水溶液が放射されると、負圧が発生して、空気取込口１２ａから泡発生機本体１２内部に区画Ｓ３内の上部に滞留する空気が取り込まれる。そして、該泡水溶液は発泡用網１７に衝突して空気を巻き込み、発泡Ｂする。この泡Ｂは、区画Ｓ３に隣接する火災区画Ｓ２の内部に放出されて落下し、路面の火源Ｆを覆うので、窒息消火が行われる。ここで、泡発生機１０Ｃが取り込む空気は、火災が発生していない区画Ｓ３の空気であり、火災区画Ｓ２内の空気が入り込むことはない。そのため、泡発生機１０Ｃには、煙を含まない空気（以下、必要に応じて「清浄空気」という）が供給されるので、所望の発泡倍率を得ることができる。火災区画Ｓ２は、清浄空気を含む泡が供給されるため、煙の拡散量の増大、視認性の阻害は生じない。 In addition, when the foam aqueous solution is emitted from the nozzle 14, the foam generator 10C generates a negative pressure, and the air staying in the upper part of the section S3 is taken into the foam generator body 12 from the air intake port 12a. It is. Then, the aqueous foam solution collides with the foaming net 17 and entrains air to foam B. Since the bubbles B are released into the fire section S2 adjacent to the section S3 and fall and cover the fire source F on the road surface, the suffocation is performed. Here, the air taken in by the bubble generator 10C is the air in the section S3 where no fire has occurred, and the air in the fire section S2 does not enter. For this reason, air that does not contain smoke (hereinafter referred to as “clean air” as necessary) is supplied to the bubble generator 10C, and thus a desired expansion ratio can be obtained. Since the fire compartment S2 is supplied with bubbles containing clean air, the smoke diffusion amount is not increased and the visibility is not hindered.
以上説明したように、この発明の排煙装置は、ノズル１４を内蔵した泡発生機本体１２の基端側に空気取込口１２ａ、他端側に発泡用網１７を設けた泡発生機１０を、防護区画Ｓの上部に設け、該防護区画Ｓで火災が発生したときに、前記泡発生機１０が、前記防護区画Ｓとしての火災区画Ｓにおける空気を取り込んで高膨張泡Ｂを生成し、該生成した高膨張泡Ｂを放出するものであるので、火災が発生した防護区画Ｓ上部に滞留する煙を泡Ｂに閉じ込めて排煙することによって、煙の拡散を低減できる。ここで、生成した泡Ｂが時間の経過とともに消泡したとしても、消泡するまでの間に泡水溶液としての泡膜に煙粒子が吸着するので、煙の拡散量が低減できる。 As described above, the smoke evacuation apparatus of the present invention is a foam generator 10 in which the air inlet 12a is provided on the proximal end side of the foam generator body 12 incorporating the nozzle 14 and the foaming net 17 is provided on the other end side. Is provided in the upper part of the protective section S, and when a fire occurs in the protective section S, the foam generator 10 takes in air in the fire section S as the protective section S and generates a high expansion bubble B. Since the generated high-expansion bubble B is discharged, the smoke diffusion can be reduced by trapping the smoke staying in the upper part of the protection section S where the fire has occurred in the bubble B and exhausting the smoke. Here, even if the generated foam B is defoamed over time, the smoke particles are adsorbed on the foam film as the foam aqueous solution until the foam is defoamed, so that the amount of smoke diffusion can be reduced.
また、前記泡発生機１０を、前記空気取込口１２ａが火災区画Ｓ側を向くように、火災区画Ｓの境界Ｋ上部に設け、火災区画Ｓで火災が発生したときに、前記泡発生機１０が、火災区画Ｓにおける空気を取り込んで高膨張泡Ｂを生成し、該生成した高膨張泡Ｂを火災区画Ｓ外に放出することにより、火災区画Ｓ内を排煙するものであるので、火災が発生した防護区画Ｓ内から排煙を行うことによって、当該火災区画Ｓ内での避難行動が容易となる。また、排煙先の防護区画Ｓは、煙を泡Ｂに閉じ込めて排煙されることによって、排煙された煙の拡散を低減できるので、当該防護区画Ｓ内での避難行動が容易となる。 The foam generator 10 is provided on the upper boundary K of the fire section S so that the air intake port 12a faces the fire section S side. When a fire occurs in the fire section S, the foam generator 10 is provided. 10, the air in the fire compartment S is taken in to generate the high expansion bubble B, and the generated high expansion foam B is discharged outside the fire compartment S, so that the inside of the fire compartment S is smoked. By evacuating the smoke from the protected section S where the fire has occurred, the evacuation action in the fire section S is facilitated. In addition, since the smoke-evacuated protection zone S can condense the smoke in the bubbles B and exhaust the smoke, it is possible to reduce the diffusion of the smoke, so that the evacuation action in the protection zone S is facilitated. .
また、前記泡発生機１０を、前記発泡用網１７が火災区画Ｓ側を向くように、火災区画Ｓの境界Ｋ上部に設け、火災区画Ｓで火災が発生したときに、火災区画Ｓ外における空気を取り込んで高膨張泡Ｂを生成し、該生成した高膨張泡Ｂを火災区画Ｓ内に放出することにより、火災区画Ｓ内における火災を消火するものであるので、泡発生機１０は、排煙設備の他に消火設備としても適用できる。 Further, the foam generator 10 is provided above the boundary K of the fire section S so that the foaming net 17 faces the fire section S side. When a fire occurs in the fire section S, the foam generator 10 is outside the fire section S. Since the high expansion bubble B is generated by taking in air and the generated high expansion bubble B is discharged into the fire section S, the fire in the fire section S is extinguished. It can be applied as fire extinguishing equipment in addition to smoke exhausting equipment.
また、トンネルの長手方向に沿って複数形成された前記防護区画Ｓの境界Ｋ上部のそれぞれに、向きを同一にして、前記泡発生機１０を配置したものであるので、泡発生機１０は、隣接する防護区画Ｓにおける一方の防護区画Ｓでは排煙設備として、他方の防護区画Ｓでは消火設備として機能することができる。 Further, since the foam generator 10 is arranged in the same direction on each of the upper boundaries K of the protection section S formed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the foam generator 10 One protective section S in the adjacent protective section S can function as smoke exhausting equipment, and the other protective section S can function as fire extinguishing equipment.
前記実施の形態において、泡発生機１０として、ノズル１４から泡水溶液が放射することにより、空気取込口１２ａから泡発生機本体１２内部に空気を取り込むもの（アスピレート効果を利用したもの）を用いて説明したが、ファンを用いるものであってもよい。アスピレート効果を利用したものは、ファン式のものと比較して、電気工事が不要となり、施工が容易である。 In the above-described embodiment, as the foam generator 10, the one that takes in air into the foam generator main body 12 from the air inlet 12 a by radiating the foam aqueous solution from the nozzle 14 (using the aspirating effect) is used. However, a fan may be used. In the case of using the aspirating effect, the electric work is not required and the construction is easy as compared with the fan type.
前記実施の形態において、防護区画Ｓの境界Ｋに、排煙用および消火用の泡発生機１０をそれぞれ配置するようにしたが、防護区画Ｓ内を効果的に排煙および消火できるのであれば、必ずしも境界Ｋに配置する必要はない。なお、泡発生機１０が、火災区画Ｓの煙を含む空気を取り込んで高膨張泡Ｂを生成し、該生成した高膨張泡Ｂを火災区画Ｓに放出する構成であったとしても、煙を泡Ｂに閉じ込めることができるので、火災区画Ｓ内で煙が拡散することを低減できて、当該火災区画Ｓ内での避難行動が容易となる。 In the above embodiment, the smoke generator 10 and the fire extinguishing foam generator 10 are arranged at the boundary K of the protective section S. However, if the inside of the protective section S can be effectively exhausted and extinguished. However, it is not always necessary to arrange the boundary K. Even if the foam generator 10 is configured to take in air containing smoke from the fire section S to generate the high expansion foam B, and release the generated high expansion foam B to the fire section S, the smoke is generated. Since it can be confined in the foam B, it is possible to reduce the diffusion of smoke in the fire section S, and the evacuation action in the fire section S is facilitated.
前記実施の形態において、火災区画Ｓの空気（煙）を排煙するための装置として、排煙用の泡発生機１０を用いて説明したが、煙を排煙できれば泡を放出する必要はなく、泡発生機本体１２と同様の筒状の本体、該本体に内蔵されて流体を放出するノズルのみを備えた排煙装置であってもよい。 In the said embodiment, although it demonstrated using the foam generator 10 for smoke emission as an apparatus for exhausting the air (smoke) of the fire section S, if smoke can be smoked, it is not necessary to discharge | release a bubble. A smoke-exhaust device including only a cylindrical main body similar to the foam generator main body 12 and a nozzle that is built into the main body and discharges fluid may be used.
前記実施の形態において、防護対象物１としてトンネルを用いて説明したが、それ以外の防護対象物も適用できる。例えば、倉庫などの閉鎖空間にも適用した場合、前記実施の形態と同様に、閉鎖空間（防護区画）における境界としての側壁などに、排煙用の泡発生機と消火用の泡発生機を配置すればよく、このとき、排煙用の泡発生機は、避圧口として作用することができる。 In the said embodiment, although demonstrated using the tunnel as the protection target object 1, another protection target object is also applicable. For example, when applied to a closed space such as a warehouse, a foam generator for flue gas and a foam generator for fire extinguishing are provided on a side wall as a boundary in the closed space (protective section), as in the above embodiment. At this time, the foam generator for smoke emission can act as a pressure-reducing port.
１ 防護対象物、１０（１０Ａ〜１０Ｅ） 泡発生機、１２ 泡発生機本体、１２ａ 空気取込口（入口）、１２ｂ 出口、１４ ノズル、１４Ａ〜１４Ｅ 配管、１７ 発泡用網、２１ 火災感知器、２３ 火災受信機、Ｂ 泡、Ｆ 火源、Ｖ 区画選択弁、Ｋ（Ｋ１〜Ｋ５） 境界、Ｓ（Ｓ１〜Ｓ４） 防護区画。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Protection target object, 10 (10A-10E) Foam generator, 12 Foam generator main body, 12a Air intake (inlet), 12b Outlet, 14 Nozzle, 14A-14E Piping, 17 Foam net, 21 Fire detector , 23 Fire receiver, B foam, F fire source, V compartment selection valve, K (K1-K5) boundary, S (S1-S4) protective compartment.
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