JP2012081459A - Water purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying apparatus obtained at an extremely low cost, extremely simple in constitution and enhanced in water recovery efficiency.SOLUTION: The water purifying apparatus is constituted of housings 51, 53 and 55, a solar panel 64, a battery 63, a heater 58 with a thermostat, a simultaneous cellular sponge 56 of which the surface is subjected to mirror surface processing, or the like. At least the upper surface parts of the housings are constituted of a transparent material so as to penetrate solar rays into the housings and the incident solar rays are reflected by the reflecting plate on the simultaneous cellular sponge, of which the surface is subjected to mirror surface processing, floated on water while outward escaping solar rays are applied to the surfaces of trigonal or quadrangular projections of about 1-3 mm subjected to half mirror finish to be irregularly reflected into upper trigonal housings. In a case that the housings are placed on water, hermetically closed spaces are formed in water and the housings while the heater built-in simultaneous cellular sponge subjected to mirror surface processing is provided at a position becoming the surface of the water introduced into the lower parts in the housings.

Description

The present invention relates to a water purifier for making water incompatible as drinking water available as drinking water.

Since it is difficult to obtain fresh water for drinking in areas where rainfall is low and water supply facilities are incomplete, fresh water for drinking such as seawater and swamps, ponds, rivers, etc. cannot be directly used for drinking. It is necessary to.

By the way, the desalination technologies that are currently mainstream include a multi-effect method using petroleum, a multistage flash method using electric power, or a semipermeable membrane method.

However, since these desalination technologies are costly, they are not suitable for small-scale desalination facilities.

From this point of view, desalination by solar heat has been studied as a method for supplying fresh water to small-scale areas.

For example, a seawater desalination device that floats on the sea surface, which has a bottom plate, a side plate and an inclined top plate, at least the top plate is translucent, and below the top plate Condensing means is provided, and a lower part includes a transpiration greenhouse provided with a water intake section, steam cooling means for cooling and liquefying steam generated by the condensing heating device, and a water storage tank for storing the liquefied water. The condensing heating device is provided corresponding to a case body supported so as to be capable of direction control, a condensing lens provided in the case body, and a condensing portion by the condensing lens, and heating in which seawater is introduced inside A seawater desalination apparatus having a container part and a discharge means for discharging steam generated in the heating container part has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-132279).

Details of the proposed desalination apparatus are as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, A is a desalination apparatus and 1 is a transpiration greenhouse. This transpiration greenhouse 1 has a square shape in plan view, and has a front wall 11 and a rear wall 12 higher than the front wall 11 at the edge of the bottom plate 10, and the top of the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 is made of transparent plastic. A plate 13 is bridged, and both side portions are closed by side walls 14. The lower side of the transpiration greenhouse 1 is covered with a heat insulating material 15. The inner surfaces of the front wall 11, the rear wall 12, and both side walls 14 are mirror-finished so as to direct Taiyo rays toward the seawater surface in the transpiration greenhouse 1. At the lower part of the inner surface of the top plate 13, a water collecting trough 16 is provided. The water collecting tank 16 supplies water to the water storage tank 8 through water supply means. In addition, water intake holes 17 are provided below the side walls 14 of the transpiration greenhouse 1. A condensing heating device 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the rear wall 12 of the transpiration greenhouse 1. The condensing heating device 2 has a case body 20 which is a hollow body having a shape obtained by cutting a part of a sphere in a plane. The case body 20 is made of stainless steel, and an opening 21 is provided on the notch side. A condensing lens 22 that is a convex lens is fitted in the light opening portion 21. A heating container portion is fixed to a portion of the case body 20 that corresponds to the condensing portion of the condensing lens 22 inside. The heating container portion is formed in a circular shape in plan view. One side of the heating vessel is connected to a water conduit that leads to the outside of the bottom of the case body 20. The other side of the heating container part is connected to a discharge pipe which is a discharge means leading to the upper side part of the case body 20. The discharge pipe is connected to a ventilation pipe 29 arranged outside the rear wall 12 through a flexible pipe 28. The case body 20 is supported by a required number of support control rollers 27 provided on the support base 26. The support control roller 27 is arranged in a circular shape so that the case body 20 having a spherical surface can be supported by all the support control rollers 27. The support control roller 27 is independently rotationally controlled through control means using various sensors and the like, and controls the inclination of the case body 20 so that the condenser lens 22 is always directed to the sun. A spherical recess 101 is formed in a portion of the bottom plate 10 of the transpiration greenhouse 1 corresponding to the case body 20 so that the bottom of the case body 20 can be submerged. The ventilation pipe 29 is led out of the transpiration greenhouse 1 from the rear wall 12. The vent pipe 29 is connected to the radiator 3 which is a steam cooling means. A light shielding plate 30 is provided on the upper portion of the radiator 3 to block sunlight and improve the cooling performance of the radiator 3. A solar cell 31 is disposed on the upper surface of the light shielding plate 30. A water conduit 29 a is connected to the discharge side of the radiator 3. The tip of the water conduit 29 a is introduced into the water storage tank 8. The water storage tank 8 is provided with water discharge means for taking out the water accumulated inside. Reference numeral 5 denotes a battery for storing electricity generated by the solar battery 31. This electricity is used for the control means of the condensing heating device 2, water supply, and driving of the water discharge device.
JP-A-7-132279

Now, the proposed desalination apparatus is much cheaper than conventional desalination techniques such as the ME method, MSF method, and RO method.

However, a special condensing heating device is required, and the cost is inevitably increased by this amount.

In addition, it has been found that water cannot be obtained with this device.

This is because the side wall 14 is provided with a water intake hole 17 for introducing seawater into the transpiration greenhouse 1. That is, when seawater is vaporized into water vapor, the atmospheric pressure in the transpiration greenhouse 1 increases accordingly. Then, the transpiration greenhouse 1 rises high so that the water surface in the transpiration greenhouse 1 is pushed down. As a result, the intake hole 17 of the side wall 14 may be higher than the sea level. In this case, the inside of the transpiration greenhouse 1 and the outside air are connected through the intake hole 17, and the vaporized vapor in the transpiration greenhouse 1 is diffused into the atmosphere. I noticed that it did not adhere to the inner surface of the water and that no water was collected.

Therefore, the first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water purifier having a very simple configuration that can be obtained at a very low cost.

The second problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water purifier having high water recovery efficiency.

Means to solve the problem

The above-mentioned problem is a water purifier for making water that is incompatible as drinking water available as drinking water, and floats a bubble sponge that is mirror-finished on the housing and the part that becomes the water surface in the housing. A heater with a thermostat is provided inside, a solar panel, battery, and solar light are provided outside the housing, and the upper cone part is made of a transparent material so that sunlight can enter the inside of the housing. The inner wall of the housing is provided with a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid with a mirror finish of about 1 to 3 mm on the entire surface, which prevents the condensation from falling through the upper inner wall of the housing, and the housing is not suitable for drinking water. When placed on the housing, a sealed space is formed between the water surface and the housing.

A part of the lower surface of the housing is open so that when the housing is placed on water that is incompatible with drinking water, water that is incompatible as drinking water can enter the housing from the opening. The simultaneous bubble-shaped sponge and the heater pipe are provided so as to synchronize with the natural water at a position on the surface of water that is incompatible with drinking water introduced into the lower part of the housing. It features solar panels, batteries and solar lights installed around the housing.

The upper surface portion of the housing has an inclined portion, and has a projection with a mirror finish of a half mirror type on a conical surface such as a triangular pyramid and a quadrangular pyramid of about 1 to 3 mm on the entire inner wall. The top surface of the housing has a cone-shaped slope such as a cone or a triangular pyramid so that the evaporated and vaporized water can be cooled and liquefied on the top surface and collected naturally along the inner wall surface. It is preferable to keep it in a state.

In addition, when the housing is placed on the surface of the water, the top surface or side surface of the housing uses a transparent material for the part that is exposed to sunlight, and reflects the sunlight opposite to the method normally used on the surface. Instead, it is preferable that sunlight is transmitted and the inner surface is half-mirror processed. That is, all the sunlight hitting the housing is incident on the housing, hits the surface of a mirror-processed simultaneous foam sponge placed on the water surface in the housing, and the reflected light is a mirror-triangulated triangular pyramid on the inner top surface. It is preferable to repeat the irregular reflection by hitting a cone-shaped projection such as a square pyramid.

The invention's effect

A water purification device constructed as described above, in particular, a continuous bubble sponge with a built-in heater and a mirror-finished surface is provided at a position where the water surface is incompatible with drinking water introduced in the lower part of the housing. The water purifier reflects the sun light incident on the housing on the surface of the mirrored foamed sponge placed on the surface of the water. Diffusely reflects on the mirror surface of the object and promotes heating of the water surface. Thus, only the water surface is directly warmed effectively, and the evaporation and vaporization efficiency is increased. In the case of only evaporation due to the incidence of sunlight, it cannot be used in rainy weather or at night, so a heater with a thermostat is incorporated in the bubble foam sponge as an evaporation evaporation assist device, the power generated by the solar panel is stored in the battery, and the inside of the sponge By warming the heater built in and irradiating with an incandescent bulb installed outside the housing, it can be operated 24 hours a day in all weather conditions.

When sunlight enters the housing, it passes through projections such as a triangular pyramid and a quadrangular pyramid provided on the inner wall of the upper part of the housing. The incident angle of sunlight on each projection and the projection Due to refraction due to the shape and the like, incident light radiation may be focused, and it is considered that a high temperature can be obtained at the focal point, so that more water vapor can be generated.

In addition, when part or all of the lower surface of the housing is open and the housing is placed on water that is incompatible with drinking water, water that is incompatible as drinking water is replenished into the housing from the opening. Is very convenient. In addition, when the open part is provided on the lower surface of the housing, the space constituted by the housing and the water surface is a closed space regardless of the vertical movement of the housing, so that vaporized vapor does not leak from the open part. Very convenient.

On the other hand, if an open portion is provided on the side surface of the housing, the open portion may be on the water surface depending on the vertical movement of the housing, and the vaporized water vapor leaks by connecting to the atmospheric space. Get up.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water purifier according to the present invention. In the figure, the whole 52 is made of a transparent material such as glass plastic or acrylic resin, and the upper cone-shaped portion 51 has protrusions such as a triangular pyramid and a quadrangular pyramid of about 1 to 3 mm on the entire inner wall, and a lower surface. A cylindrical portion 53 is formed, and a collar portion 54 having a donut shape and an inclined portion is formed inward from the lower end of the cylindrical shape portion 53, and a cylindrical shape portion 55 rising upward from an inner peripheral portion of the collar portion 54. Is configured.

The conical portion 51, the cylindrical portion 53, the flange portion 54, and the cylindrical portion 55 can all be formed by integral molding using a transparent resin material, but are divided into two parts, the lower side 51 and the upper side 53. It is preferable to combine the molded ones.

In this embodiment, the housing 52 including the conical portion 51, the cylindrical portion 53, the flange portion 54, and the cylindrical portion 55 is made of a transparent material. However, when the housing 52 is disposed on the water surface, The eaves 54 and the like below the lower surface of the water do not have to be made of a transparent material. That is, the object of the present invention can be greatly achieved as long as it is transparent from the middle part to the upper part of the conical part 51, the cylindrical part 53 and the cylindrical part 55. However, it is preferable in terms of workability, efficiency, and maintenance that the conical portion 51, the cylindrical portion 53, and the cylindrical portion 55 are made of a transparent material.

On the water surface portion of the cylindrical portion 55 of the housing 52, a mirror-finished continuous bubble sponge 56 containing a heater 58 for reflecting sunlight is always attached in a state of floating on the water surface. The simultaneous bubble sponge 56 is provided with a clearance 57 between the cylindrical portion 55 so as not to be affected by the upper and lower surfaces of the water surface.

Now, when the housing 52 having the above structure is placed on the water surface, the housing 51.53.55. The lower part is submerged in water with the weight of etc. However, since the space formed by the outer wall of the housing 52 and the water surface is the closed space 65, the entire housing 52 will not sink due to the floating of gas in the closed space. If it is still too heavy or too light to make it difficult to operate the device, buoyancy adjustment is performed at the lowermost end of the cylindrical portion 53.

Whether the device is used in a fixed manner or in a floating state, the cylindrical housing 55 can be used to cope with a change in the water level caused by vibrations and other external factors. Between the lowermost portion 67 and the flange portion 54, which is bent inwardly parallel to the conical housing 51 at the uppermost portion of the cylindrical housing 55 from the lower flange portion 54, there is a position of about 2/3 from the lowermost portion. The water surface is preferred.

Reference numeral 59 denotes a filter medium provided between the cylindrical portion 53 and the cylindrical portion 55. The filter medium may be omitted, but it is provided for further safety and water quality stability.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a purified water discharge port provided corresponding to the lowest position of the collar portion 54, and 61 denotes a purified water recovery container connected to the purified water drain port 60.

The water purifier configured as described above is placed on the surface of water such as the sea or a pond. Then, it sinks a little due to the relationship between its own weight and buoyancy, that is, the mirror-processed coupled bubble sponge 56 floats on the water surface. If the state is continued, sunlight enters the housing 52 from the upper cone-shaped part 51 and the cylindrical part 53 on the peripheral side surface. Incident sunlight is reflected by the water surface and is irregularly reflected by the half mirrored projection on the upper inner wall, warming the water surface and promptly generating water vapor.

When using the solar panel 64 and the battery 63 with the thermostat heater 58 incandescent bulb 66 for the above setting, the battery 63 is charged with the electric power generated by the solar panel 64 and transmitted to the thermostat heater 58 and the incandescent bulb 66 with the water temperature. Is preferably raised to a sterilizable temperature of 65 ° C to 70 ° C.

The above devices are a combination of incandescent bulbs and heaters that use the same power source, but depending on the usage situation, individual measures are required, but in principle they use power. Since it is similar, there is no particular problem.

The vaporized vapor adheres to the inner surface of the conical portion 51 or the cylindrical portion 53 to form water droplets, and is guided by gravity on the adhering surface and slides down, undergoes filtration by the filter medium 60, and enters the purified water recovery container 61. Collected.

In this case, since the water vapor recovery rate is more likely to condense as the difference between the water vapor temperature and the outside air temperature increases, the coupled bubbles are mirror-finished to increase the difference between the water temperature outside the housing 53 and the outside air temperature. It is desirable to install a heater 58 with a thermostat in the sponge and set the thermostat temperature to 65 ° C. to 70 ° C. toward the water surface.

The heater 58 with the thermostat and the incandescent bulb 66 can be connected to the battery 63 and the solar panel 64 through the water-resistant electric cord 62 to cover the required electric energy.

The water vapor of 65 ° C. or higher, which is warmed by sunlight and the thermostat-equipped heater 58, is not complete, but most of the bacteria have been killed.

Under such circumstances, the space formed by the outer wall of the housing 51 and the water surface is a completely closed space 65, so that vaporized water vapor does not leak out of the housing 51. Therefore, the recovery efficiency of purified water is excellent.

In addition, water is automatically supplied from the opening portion 57 and the simultaneous bubble sponge portion 56 by the amount that the water on the mirror-processed simultaneous bubble sponge 56 is vaporized to become water vapor. There is no need for replenishment, and its running cost is extremely low.

In addition, although the said apparatus can use the driving | operation only with sunlight, by using the solar panel 64 battery 63 thermostat heater 58 incandescent light bulb 66, it can operate | move in rainy weather and night, No running cost is required, and it can be used 24 hours a day, and the amount of purified water collected is also greatly increased.

The device of the present invention is a very simple device, has a low initial cost, and is difficult to break. Although the size of one housing is not particular, it is better not to make the internal closed space part too large, and if you want to obtain a large amount of collection, it is better to install many of the same size. Also, since the location and water quality are not selected, it is suitable for use at the local level from the use of household units, and a large-scale plant is possible, but it seems to be important to make use of the characteristic that water supply facilities are not required. It seems to be an effective way to use small devices as camping and emergency equipment, and as emergency supplies for ships, disaster prevention equipment for cities, wards, towns and villages.

Schematic of the water purifier according to the present invention Schematic diagram of conventional water purifier

51 Conical Shape 52 Housing 53 Cylindrical Shape 55 Cylindrical Shape 57 Opening 56 Simultaneous Bubble Sponge 58 Heater 61 with Thermostat Purified Water Recovery Container 63 Battery 64 Solar Panel 66 Incandescent Light Bulb 67 Conical Internal Projection

Claims (4)

A water purifier for making water that is incompatible with drinking water available as drinking water, with a foamed continuous foam sponge on the water surface inside the housing, and a heater with a thermostat inside Built-in solar panel and battery incandescent bulb outside the housing, the upper cone part is made of transparent material so that sunlight can enter the inside of the housing, and water condensing on all inner walls of the cone part When a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid with a mirror finish of about 1 to 3 mm on one side is provided on the entire surface and the housing is placed on incompatible water as drinking water, A sealed space is formed between the water surface and the housing, and the surface with a built-in thermostat heater is mirror-finished. Standing bubble sponge, water purification device which is characterized in that which was provided at positions which are incompatible water in the water surface as drinking water introduced in the lower part of the housing. The housing part in the device can be divided into an upper conical part and a lower outer cylindrical part. Also, to ensure that a sealed space is formed inside the housing, the upper and lower parts are securely connected with packing and fasteners, and when the housing is placed on water that is not suitable for drinking water, part of the lower surface of the housing The water purifier according to claim 1, wherein the water purifier is configured so that incompatible water can enter the center of the housing as drinking water. Even if the light of the light installed outside is irradiated on the conical part of the upper part of the housing, it is a device that can obtain the same effect as the incidence of sunlight, and the incident light is provided in the upper part of the housing. In addition, due to the bending of the light rays when passing through the interior of a triangular pyramid, quadrangular pyramid, etc., it is possible to form a focal point at any position inside the housing, and the light rays were placed on an incompatible water surface as drinking water The light is reflected on a reflector with a mirror finish, and is reflected on the protrusion inside the upper cone, causing irregular reflection. The water purifier according to claim 1, wherein the irregularly reflected light is converted into thermal energy in the housing to raise the water surface temperature. The conical portion at the top of the housing does not necessarily have a conical shape, and a housing having a conical tip such as a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid can also be used in the same manner. The water purifier of Claim 1 which can be combined and used like a prism.

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