JP2012063073A - Hot-air device using waste oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot-air device using waste oil as a fuel, which achieves excellent heating efficiency while avoiding air pollution in a heating space.SOLUTION: The hot-air device 1A using waste oil includes: a waste oil tank 4; a combustion furnace 21A which has a vertically long combustion chamber 21a inside, and in which waste oil is introduced through a fuel supply pipe 43 to the bottom side of the chamber and burned, and a combustion gas is discharged from an upper side; a combustion air feeding unit having an electric fan 22 that forcibly feeds air into the combustion chamber 21a to promote combustion of the waste oil; and a heating air feeding unit having an electric fan 23 that forcibly feeds the air heated by combustion in the combustion furnace 21A to the heating space. A heat exchanging chamber 20a introducing external air to the outer circumference of the combustion furnace 21A and exchanging heat between the external air and the combustion furnace 21A is disposed to cover most of the outer circumference face of the combustion furnace 21A. The external air introduced through the bottom side of the heat exchanging chamber 20a is heated in a state of not being mixed with the combustion gas, and then fed as heating air from the upper side of the heat exchanging chamber 20a.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste oil hot air device that supplies warm air by burning waste oil such as used engine oil and gear oil.

  Conventionally, waste oil such as used engine oil, gear oil, used tempura oil, etc. has been discarded without being reused, and the problem of illegal dumping often arises because it requires labor and cost for disposal. It was. However, in recent years, waste oil recovery routes and thermal recycling routes have been established, and there has been a movement to promote reuse of waste oil from the perspective of saving fuel costs and ecology.

  As an example of the reuse of waste oil, waste oil combustion heating equipment such as a waste oil stove and a waste oil warm air device is well known. However, engine oil-based waste oil, unlike commercial fuels such as kerosene and white gasoline, is low in volatility and has a high flash point. It has been pointed out that the heating effect (heating efficiency) deteriorates and environmental pollution due to unburned gas tends to occur.

  To solve such a problem, an electric fan is used in the combustion chamber of a combustion chamber in which a steel plate is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-55337 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-257834. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a waste oil combustion apparatus that forcibly introduces combustion air and promotes complete combustion of waste oil while ensuring combustion at a high temperature.

  However, when the waste oil combustion device that forcibly introduces combustion air and burns at high temperature is used as a warm air device for heating, exhaust air is mixed into the warm air in consideration of heating efficiency. Therefore, even in a situation close to complete combustion, air pollution of the heating space due to exhaust will be caused, and depending on the ventilation situation, the occurrence of gas poisoning cannot be denied.

JP 2000-55337 A JP 2000-257834 A

  The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems, and it is intended to realize an excellent heating efficiency while avoiding air pollution in a heating space for a warm air device using waste oil as a fuel. Let it be an issue.

  Therefore, the present invention has a waste oil tank for storing waste oil as fuel, and a vertically long combustion chamber inside, and the waste oil is introduced from the waste oil tank through a fuel supply pipe on the bottom side of the combustion chamber and burned from above. Combustion kettle that discharges combustion gas, combustion air feeding means for forcibly sending air into the combustion chamber to promote combustion of waste oil, and air heated by combustion in the combustion kettle for heating space In the waste oil hot air device having a heating air sending means for sending to the side, a heat exchange chamber for introducing external air and exchanging heat with the combustion kettle is provided on the outer peripheral side of the combustion kettle. Hot air extended from the top of the heat exchange chamber by heating the external air introduced from the bottom of the heat exchange chamber in a state where no combustion gas is mixed. It is sent out as air for heating through a passage. It was.

  In this way, the heat exchange chamber is formed so as to cover most of the outer periphery of the vertically long combustion kettle, and the atmosphere introduced to the bottom side is heat exchanged with the high temperature combustion kettle and heated without mixing the combustion gas. By sending air as heating air from the upper side, clean heating air is sent out while heating efficiently over a relatively long path from the bottom side to the upper side on the outer periphery of the vertically long combustion kettle. Will be able to.

  Further, in this case, a heating air introduction path extending from a predetermined position of the heat exchange chamber is connected to the suction side of the combustion air feeding means, and at least a part of the combustion air is heated in the heat exchange chamber. If the air is used, the combustion chamber is prevented from being excessively cooled by the combustion air, and a good combustion state of the waste oil can be easily ensured.

  Further, the above-described waste oil hot air device includes an electric pump for introducing waste oil, and an electronic control device that drives the electric pump to adjust the amount of waste oil introduced into the combustion chamber. The temperature of the combustion chamber or / and the temperature of the heating air are controlled within a predetermined range by operating the drive of the electric pump while detecting the temperature of the room or / and the temperature of the heating air. If it is assumed, safe and efficient heating can be easily realized without requiring an administrator's trouble. In this case, the introduction of the waste oil by the electric pump is performed by intermittently sending out a predetermined amount of waste oil at a predetermined interval, and the adjustment of the amount of waste oil introduced is adjusted at intervals of the delivery or / and once. If it is performed by changing the delivery time of the oil, the amount of waste oil introduced can be accurately adjusted by a simple procedure.

  Furthermore, in the above-described waste oil hot air device that adjusts the amount of waste oil introduced by the electronic control device, an electric fan that is driven and operated by the electronic control device is provided in the middle of the hot air passage that extends from the heat exchange chamber. An electronic control unit that detects the temperature of the air for heating with a temperature sensor disposed downstream of the connection position of the air mixing path is connected to the air mixing path, and operates the electric fan for heating. If mixing the appropriate amount of air into the air is also included in the control of the air temperature for heating, precise and quick temperature adjustment of the air for heating becomes easy.

  In addition, in the above-described waste oil hot air device, an ignition fuel supply path extending from the kerosene tank that stores kerosene is connected to the fuel supply pipe that connects the waste oil tank and the combustion kettle. If it is possible to burn kerosene until the temperature in the combustion chamber rises to a predetermined temperature or higher, the waste oil having a high vaporization temperature can be burned smoothly thereafter. it can.

  In addition, in the above-described waste oil hot air device, a heat exchange plate for promoting heat exchange with the air introduced into the heat exchange chamber is projected on the outer peripheral surface of the combustion kettle. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency is improved and the heating efficiency is further improved.

  According to the present invention in which a heat exchange chamber is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the vertically long combustion pot to generate heating air without mixing combustion gas, excellent heating efficiency while avoiding air pollution in the heating space Can be realized.

It is a layout of the waste oil warm air device of the present invention. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the detail of the main-body part of the waste oil warm air apparatus of FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the application example of the main-body part of FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the other application example of the main-body part of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a layout of a waste oil hot air device 1A according to the present embodiment. This device assumes that waste oil mainly composed of engine oil or the like is burned to generate warm air to heat a relatively large space such as a greenhouse.

  In this waste oil hot air device 1A, a waste oil tank 4 for storing waste oil as fuel and a fuel introduction passage 43 extending from the waste oil tank 4 are connected to the bottom side, and an exhaust passage 25 is extended from the upper side. And a main body portion 2A having a combustion pot 21A having a vertically long combustion chamber 21a inside.

  Further, the waste oil hot air device 1A includes an electric fan 22 which is a combustion air feeding means for forcibly feeding air into the combustion chamber 21a of the combustion pot 21A, and a combustion air feeding path 220 extending therefrom. And an electric fan 23 which is a heating air sending means for forcibly sending the air heated by the combustion of the combustion pot 21A to the heating space side, an air inlet path 230, and a hot air path 26 on the downstream side thereof. The above components are well known in the prior art.

  In the present invention, an outer casing 20 which is a member formed in a cylindrical shape having a larger diameter than that of the main body 2A is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion pot 21A, and the atmosphere is provided on the outer peripheral side of the combustion pot 21A. A heat exchange chamber 20a for introducing and exchanging heat with the combustion kettle 21A is formed so as to cover most of the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the combustion kettle 21A, and the external air introduced into the heat exchange chamber 20a. Is characterized in that it is delivered from the hot air passage 26 as heating air while being efficiently heated in a state where the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 21a is not mixed.

  That is, in the present embodiment, the combustion pot 21A is formed by forming a steel plate having a relatively good thermal conductivity in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and is placed in the outer casing 20 having a larger diameter and a bottomed cylindrical shape. The heat exchanger chamber 20a is formed by forming a gap between the inner peripheral surface thereof and the outer peripheral surface of the combustion pot 21A, and external air (atmosphere) introduced into the heat exchange chamber 20a is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the combustion pot 21A. Heat is exchanged between the two and heated and sent as heating air.

  The heat exchange chamber 20a is a closed space that is completely partitioned from the combustion chamber 21a side, and has a structure in which combustion gas is not mixed into the air for heating, while being vertically long and having a relatively large heat exchange area. Heat exchange can be efficiently performed between the two, and excellent heating efficiency can be achieved while minimizing loss of heat energy due to waste oil combustion.

  In the present embodiment, the heated air introduction path 221 extends from the upper side of the heat exchange chamber 20a and is connected to the suction side of the electric fan 22 disposed on the proximal end side of the combustion air inlet path 220. Another feature is that the air heated in the heat exchange chamber 20a is used as the combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber 21a.

  As a result, for example, it is possible to avoid excessive cooling of the inside of the combustion chamber 21a due to outside air (combustion air) introduced in a cold environment, and it is easy to ensure an efficient combustion state with an optimal combustion air temperature. Yes. In this case, the heating air may not be used for the entire combustion air, but the heating air may be mixed into the combustion air at an appropriate ratio while the atmosphere is being introduced.

  Further, the waste oil hot air device 1 </ b> A is provided with an electronic control device 10, and the electronic control device 10 that detects the temperature in the combustion chamber 21 a (furnace temperature) with the temperature sensor 11 is the fuel introduction path 43. By operating and adjusting the driving of the electric pump 42 that is disposed in the middle and forcibly introduces the waste oil into the combustion chamber 21a, the furnace temperature is kept within a predetermined range while appropriately changing the amount of waste oil introduced. It comes to perform control.

  Thereby, it is easy to implement safe and efficient heating without requiring the trouble of the device manager. In this case, the introduction of waste oil by driving the electric pump 42 is performed by intermittently sending a predetermined amount of waste oil, but the drive speed of the electric pump 42 is constant and the adjustment of the amount of waste oil introduced is adjusted. If it is performed by changing the delivery interval or / and the delivery time per time, the waste oil introduction amount can be easily adjusted by a relatively simple control procedure. Further, an electromagnetically driven shut-off valve 41 that is opened / closed by the electronic control device 10 is disposed on the upstream side of the electric pump 42, and from the viewpoint of ensuring safety, the electric pump 42 is driven and the shut-off valve 41 is opened. The valves are linked (simultaneous operation). Accordingly, the shutoff valve 41 is closed when the driving of the electric pump 42 is stopped, so that the pressure from the waste oil tank 4 can be shut off reliably on the upstream side of the electric pump 42, and waste oil leakage resulting from wear of the electric pump 42 or the like. It is possible to avoid troubles.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a kerosene tank 3 for storing kerosene as ignition fuel is attached, and is extended from the kerosene tank 3 in the middle of the fuel supply path 43 connecting the waste oil tank 4 and the combustion kettle 21A. An ignition fuel supply passage 33 is connected, and an electromagnetically driven shut-off valve 31 is provided in the middle of the ignition fuel supply passage 33 so that it can be opened and closed by the electronic control device 10 and is closed except when kerosene is introduced. As above, safety is ensured.

  At the time of ignition, the electronic control device 10 introduces kerosene, which is easier to ignite than waste oil, into the combustion chamber 21a and burns it for a predetermined time to raise the temperature in the combustion chamber 21a to a predetermined level. The electric pump 42 and the shut-off valve 41 operate at the same timing to introduce waste oil into the combustion chamber 21a, thereby ensuring smooth combustion of the waste oil.

  The operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to an enlarged partial vertical sectional view of the main body 2A of FIG. 2. Waste oil as fuel is driven slightly above the flat bottom surface of the combustion chamber 21a by driving the electric pump 42. The fuel is introduced from the opened fuel introduction passage 43 and burned in a state where a shallow waste oil pool 100 is formed on the bottom surface. Prior to this, a predetermined amount of kerosene is introduced and ignited, and the temperature of the temperature sensor 11 in which the temperature inside the furnace is exposed to the upper space of the combustion chamber 21a (for example, 440 ° C.) at which the waste oil is smoothly vaporized and burned. It is preferable to set the control to introduce waste oil after detection by the detection body 11a.

  In addition, when introducing waste oil, a predetermined amount of waste oil is added intermittently when the furnace temperature drops to a predetermined temperature (for example, 450 ° C.) as described above. When the temperature is lowered to a temperature higher than the temperature (for example, 500 ° C.), it is recommended to control to introduce an increased amount of waste oil. By adopting such a control, sufficient and accurate temperature control can be performed even with an electronic control device having a relatively low processing capability and a low cost.

  Then, in the heat exchange chamber 20a formed on the outer peripheral side (including the lower side of the bottom surface) of the combustion hook 21A, external air (atmosphere) is sent from the atmospheric inlet path 230 connected and opened to the bottom side thereof, and the combustion pot While being heated by direct heat or radiant heat due to contact with the outer peripheral surface of 21A, it rises a relatively long path as indicated by the dashed arrow, and is sent to the heating space side through the hot air passage 26 on the upper side. The

  A heated air introduction path 221 extends from the upper side of the heat exchange chamber 20a and is opened, and the heated air passing therethrough is sucked by the electric fan 22 and passes through the combustion air inlet path 220 to the combustion chamber 21a. As it is supplied toward the center of the bottom side without excessive cooling in the combustion chamber 21a, the waste oil vaporized above the waste oil reservoir 100 is combusted at a high temperature, and the combustion gas is as shown by the broken arrow. It rises in the combustion chamber 21a, passes through the exhaust passage 25 opened at the top, and is discharged outside as exhaust gas.

  In this way, the waste oil burns at a high temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, thereby realizing a relatively clean exhaust, and the outer peripheral surface of the vertically long and large surface area combustion chamber 21A is uniformly raised to an appropriate temperature. External air introduced into the exchange chamber 20a can be sufficiently heated by a relatively long path.

  The top wall side of the combustion chamber 21a is configured with a lid 28 that can be opened and closed. By opening the lid 28, the inside of the combustion chamber 21a can be easily cleaned. Although not shown in the drawings, if a cleaning communication passage that opens on the bottom side surface of the combustion chamber 21a and extends across the heat exchange chamber 20a and extends to the outer surface of the outer case is provided, combustion ash is discharged and the combustion chamber 21a is provided. The bottom surface can be cleaned more easily.

  FIG. 3 shows a main body 2B as an application example of the embodiment shown in FIG. In this example, a plurality of heat exchange plates (ribs) 210 for promoting heat exchange with external air introduced into the heat exchange chamber 20b are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the combustion pot 21B in a centrifugal direction at predetermined intervals. It is characterized by that. As a result, the heat exchange area is expanded and heat exchange in the heat exchange chamber 20b is more efficiently performed.

  FIG. 4 shows a main body 2C as another application example of the main body 2A shown in FIG. In this example, an air mixing path 29 including an electric fan (not shown) that is driven and controlled by the electronic control device 10 is connected to a hot air path 26 extending from the heat exchange chamber 20a. The temperature of the air for heating is also adjusted by the electronic control unit 10 that detects the temperature of the air for heating with a temperature sensor (not shown) disposed on the downstream side of the connection position of the air mixing path 29 of 26. Can be controlled within a predetermined range. The combustion pot 21A of the main body 2A may be replaced with the combustion pot 21B of FIG. 3, and the adjustment of the heating temperature is based on the adjustment of the fuel supply amount, and the instantaneous change by changing the amount of mixed air. For example, the control may be performed by appropriately combining the two, such as a control for performing a fine adjustment and a fine adjustment.

  Table 1 shown below is a record of changes in temperature in the combustion chamber when the waste oil warm air device 1A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is actually manufactured and operated. As for the size of the combustion pot, the inner diameter of the bottom of the combustion chamber was 25 cm, the height of the combustion chamber was 70 cm, the waste oil was used engine oil, and the amount of kerosene used at the time of ignition was 100 ml for the first time.

  The timing for adding the waste oil is first when the furnace temperature is increased to 440 ° C. due to the burning of kerosene, and the next time the furnace temperature is decreased to 450 ° C., and thereafter, the additional timing is appropriately set to 500 ° C. and 550 ° C. The time of introduction was increased as appropriate, and the introduction time was gradually increased to 10 seconds, 15 seconds, and 20 seconds and extended to a maximum of 30 seconds, and the combustion time was 2 hours and 15 minutes in total.

(Results) The total number of waste oil introductions was 18, and the total amount was 2,875 ml. Further, the amount of waste oil introduced per time was 160 ml on average. When the temperature in the furnace was 300 ° C or lower, pale smoke was emitted, but it was inferred that the exhaust was colorless at 440 ° C or higher and a good combustion state was ensured. In combustion at a furnace temperature of 400 ° C. to 690 ° C., no residual oil was found in the combustion chamber, and the amount of residual ash after the test was about 4 g. From the above, the waste oil warm air device of the present embodiment can ensure an excellent combustion state of waste oil by controlling the combustion chamber temperature by combustion of waste oil to be 440 ° C. to 550 ° C. or more, and has excellent heating efficiency. It was inferred that it was realized.

  As described above, with respect to the warm air device that uses waste oil as fuel, the present invention has achieved excellent heating efficiency while avoiding air pollution in the heating space.

  1A Waste oil hot air device, 2A, 2B main body, 3 kerosene tank, 4 waste oil tank, 10 electronic control device, 11 temperature sensor, 20a, 20b heat exchange chamber, 21A, 21B combustion furnace, 21a combustion chamber, 22, 23 Electric Fan, 25 Exhaust passage, 26 Hot air passage, 29 Air mixing passage, 33 Ignition fuel supply passage, 42 Electric motor, 43 Fuel introduction passage, 210 Heat exchange plate, 220 Combustion air inlet passage, 221 Heated air introduction Road, 230 Air intake route

Claims (7)

A waste oil tank for storing waste oil as fuel, and a vertically long combustion chamber inside, a waste gas is introduced from the waste oil tank through a fuel supply pipe on the bottom side of the combustion chamber and burned to discharge combustion gas from the upper side. A combustion kettle, combustion air feeding means for forcibly sending air into the combustion chamber to promote combustion of waste oil, and forcibly sending air heated by the combustion kettle to the heating space side In the waste oil hot air device provided with heating air delivery means for
A heat exchange chamber for introducing external air to exchange heat with the combustion kettle is provided on the outer circumference side of the combustion kettle so as to cover most of the outer circumference of the combustion kettle. The external air introduced from the bottom side of the chamber is heated in a state in which no combustion gas is mixed, and is sent out as heating air through a warm air passage extending from the upper side of the heat exchange chamber. Waste oil hot air device.   A heating air introduction passage extending from a predetermined position of the heat exchange chamber is connected to the suction side of the combustion air feeding means, and at least a part of the combustion air is heated in the heat exchange chamber. The waste oil hot air device according to claim 1, wherein the air is used.   An electric pump for introducing waste oil, and an electronic control device that adjusts the amount of waste oil introduced into the combustion chamber by driving the electric pump, and the electronic control device controls the temperature in the combustion chamber or / and the heating The temperature of the combustion chamber and / or the temperature of the heating air is controlled within a predetermined range by operating the drive of the electric pump while detecting the temperature of the working air. Waste oil hot air device described in 1.   The introduction of the waste oil by the electric pump is performed by intermittently sending a predetermined amount of waste oil at a predetermined interval, and the adjustment of the waste oil introduction amount can be performed by setting the interval of delivery or / and the delivery time per time. It is performed by making it fluctuate, The waste oil hot air apparatus of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   In the middle of the warm air passage extending from the heat exchange chamber, an air mixing path having an electric fan driven by the electronic control unit is connected, and the connection position downstream of the air mixing path The electronic control device, which detects the temperature of the heating air with a temperature sensor disposed in the space, also controls the heating air temperature by mixing an appropriate amount of air into the heating air while operating the drive of the electric fan. The waste oil hot air device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it is included.   An ignition fuel supply path extending from a kerosene tank for storing kerosene is connected in the middle of a fuel supply pipe connecting the waste oil tank and the combustion kettle, and the combustion chamber has a predetermined temperature or higher prior to combustion of the waste oil. The waste oil hot air device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein kerosene can be burned until it rises.   5. A heat exchanging plate for promoting heat exchange with air introduced into the heat exchanging chamber is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the combustion kettle. , 5 or 6 Waste oil hot air device.

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