JP2012061526A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform rotational drive of a rotary type magazine by the driving force of a main shaft motor without incurring reduction in durability.SOLUTION: A machine tool 1 includes a frame 4, a main shaft 22 detachably holding a tool holder 75, a main shaft motor 23 rotating the main shaft 22, a main shaft head 6 holding the main shaft motor 23 and moving vertically relative to the frame 4, a main shaft side gear 31 provided on the outer circumferential part of the lower end side of the main shaft 22 and rotating with the main shaft 22 driven with the main shaft motor 23, a rotary type magazine 8 rotatably supported with the frame 4, and a magazine side gear 32 rotating the rotary type magazine 8 in the circumferential direction through the rotation of the main shaft 22 by meshing with the main shaft side gear 31. The magazine side gear 32 is provided to advance in a direction toward a meshing position to mesh with the main shaft side gear 31 or in a direction toward a separating position to separate from the main shaft side gear 31, relative to the rotary type magazine 8.

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool in which a tool magazine having a plurality of tool holding portions is rotatably provided, and the tool magazine is rotated by a rotational drive of a spindle motor.

  As a type of machine tool, there is a turret type machine tool provided with a rotary magazine capable of holding a tool at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. The machine tool detachably attaches a tool to the lower end of the spindle provided on the spindle head. A machine tool cuts a workpiece by rotation of a spindle motor connected to the upper end of the spindle. At the time of tool change, the tool changer rotates the rotary magazine to position the target tool at a predetermined index position, while the elevating mechanism moves the spindle head up and down to a predetermined position in the Z-axis direction. The tool changer exchanges a tool held at the lower end of the main spindle and a tool held at the index position.

  The automatic tool changer disclosed in Patent Document 1 rotates a rotary magazine by driving a spindle motor. The automatic tool changer is provided on the spindle-side gear provided on the spindle and the rotary magazine when the spindle head is located at a different Z-axis position (hereinafter referred to as magazine rotation drive position) different from the tool change position. Engage the magazine side gear. The automatic tool changer rotates the rotary magazine to position the target tool at the index position by driving the spindle motor when the spindle side gear and the magazine side gear are engaged with each other. Thereafter, the automatic tool changer performs tool change by moving the spindle head up and down in the Z-axis direction and positioning it at the tool change position.

JP 2006-123116 A

  However, in the automatic tool changer disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the main shaft side gear provided on the main shaft is engaged with the magazine side gear provided on the rotary magazine, the entire heavy rotating magazine moves forward and backward with respect to the main shaft. . As a result, a large impact is generated on the machine tool when the main shaft side gear and the magazine side gear are engaged with each other, and there is a possibility that the durability of the machine tool is lowered.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of rotating a rotary magazine by a driving force of a spindle motor without causing a decrease in durability.

  In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is a frame, a spindle that detachably holds a tool, a spindle motor that rotationally drives the spindle, and a spindle motor that holds the spindle motor up and down. The frame includes a movable spindle head, a spindle-side gear that is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the spindle and that rotates together with the spindle by driving the spindle motor, and a tool holding unit that holds the tool at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. In a machine tool comprising: a rotary magazine that is rotatably supported on a magazine; and a magazine-side gear that meshes with the spindle-side gear and rotates the spindle-type magazine in the circumferential direction by the rotation of the spindle. The magazine-side gear is in a direction toward the meshing position for meshing with the spindle-side gear and a direction toward a disengaging position for separating from the spindle-side gear with respect to the rotary magazine. It is provided to enable withdrawal characterized.

  In the machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, the magazine side gear provided in the rotary magazine advances and retreats with respect to the main shaft. Thus, unlike the structure in which the entire rotary magazine advances and retreats with respect to the main shaft, the machine tool does not receive a large impact when the magazine side gear and the main shaft side gear are engaged. As a result, the machine tool can improve its durability. Further, the machine tool does not need to reduce the moving speed of the rotary magazine in order to reduce the impact when the magazine side gear and the main shaft side gear are engaged. Therefore, the machine tool can reduce the time required for tool change.

  A second invention further includes a vertical movement mechanism for moving the spindle head in the vertical direction in the first invention, wherein at least one of the rotary magazine and the spindle head is moved up and down by the vertical movement mechanism. An advance / retreat mechanism is provided for advancing / retreating the magazine side gear between the meshing position and the disengagement position in conjunction with the movement of the direction.

  The machine tool according to the second aspect of the present invention includes an advance / retreat mechanism that moves the magazine side gear forward and backward between the meshing position and the disengagement position in conjunction with the vertical movement of the spindle head by the vertical movement mechanism. The machine tool can smoothly engage and disengage the magazine side gear and the main shaft side gear.

  In a third aspect based on the second aspect, the advance / retreat mechanism moves the magazine side gear back and forth between the meshing position and the disengagement position by moving the magazine side gear parallel to the rotation axis of the rotary magazine. It is characterized by.

  In the machine tool of the third invention of the present application, the advance / retreat mechanism moves the magazine side gear in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotary magazine. Thereby, the machine tool can advance and retract the magazine side gear with a simple structure.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention based on the second aspect, the advance / retreat mechanism swings the magazine side gear about a swing shaft provided in the rotary magazine so as to be between the engagement position and the disengagement position. It is characterized by advancing and retreating.

  In the machine tool according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the advance / retreat mechanism swings the magazine side gear about the swing shaft provided in the rotary magazine. As a result, the machine tool can advance and retract the magazine side gear by utilizing the swing motion around the swing center of the swing shaft.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the second to fourth inventions, further comprising a lock mechanism for preventing the rotation type magazine from rotating when the advance / retreat mechanism retracts the magazine side gear to the disengagement position. It is characterized by.

  The machine tool according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes a lock mechanism that prevents rotation of the rotary magazine when the magazine-side gear moves backward to the disengagement position. Thereby, when the machine tool does not transmit the rotation of the main shaft to the rotary magazine, it can reliably prevent the rotary magazine from rotating.

  According to the present invention, the rotary magazine can be rotated by the driving force of the main shaft motor without deteriorating the durability.

1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the peripheral part of the spindle head of a machine tool. It is a perspective view which shows the peripheral part of a spindle head. It is a perspective view which shows the peripheral part of the spindle head of the state which removed the rotation type magazine. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the detailed structure of the peripheral part of a spindle head. It is a schematic diagram which shows a driving force transmission mechanism. It is a perspective view which shows the part of a spindle head. (A) is a side view which shows a tool holder, (b) is a top view of a tool holder. It is a figure which shows the electric constitution of a machine tool. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the process performed when replacing | exchanging the tool with which the tool mounting part of the main shaft was mounted | worn. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the detailed structure of the peripheral part of a spindle head in the modification which advances / retreats the magazine side gear by rocking | fluctuating.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the left side, the right side, the front surface, and the back surface of FIG. 1 are defined as the front, rear, right, and left sides of the machine tool 1, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine tool 1 includes a base 1 </ b> A, a table 135 provided on the base 1 </ b> A, an XY axis moving device (not shown), and a Z axis moving device (vertical moving mechanism) 5. And a spindle driving device 20, a tool changer 2, and a numerical control device 9 for numerically controlling the operations of the plurality of moving mechanisms and driving mechanisms.

  The XY axis movement device includes an X axis motor 131 (see FIG. 9) and a Y axis motor 132 (see FIG. 9). The XY-axis moving device moves a table 135 holding a work (not shown) in the X-axis direction (left-right direction) and the Y-axis direction (front-back direction) orthogonal to each other. The column 3 stands vertically on the base 1A. The column 3 supports a pair of frames 4 extending forward in the upper portion thereof. The pair of frames 4 support the tool changer 2 at their front end portions. The spindle head 6 is disposed between the pair of frames 4. The spindle head 6 includes a cylindrical head body 6a on the front side thereof. The spindle head 6 is provided so as to be movable up and down in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) along the column 3.

  The Z-axis moving device 5 includes a Z-axis motor 15 and a ball screw mechanism (not shown). The Z-axis motor 15 is provided in the upper part of the column 3. The ball screw mechanism is provided in the column 3. The Z-axis motor 15 moves the spindle head 6 up and down in the Z-axis direction by rotating the ball screw mechanism in both forward and reverse directions. The main spindle head 6 has a main spindle 22 rotatably provided in the vertical direction. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the main shaft 22 and the main shaft head 6 are moved to the most elevated position by driving the Z-axis motor 15.

  The spindle drive device 20 includes a spindle motor 23. The spindle motor 23 is provided in the upper part of the head body 6 a of the spindle head 6. The main shaft motor 23 rotates the main shaft 22. The main shaft 22 is connected to the main shaft motor 23 via a coupling 24. The main shaft 22 has a tool mounting portion 21 at its lower end. The main shaft 22 is provided with a main shaft side gear 31 on the outer periphery of the lower end thereof at the same axis as the main shaft 22.

  The tool changer 2 includes a rotary magazine 8. The tool changer 2 automatically transfers the tool holder 75 between the rotary magazine 8 and the main shaft 22.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the rotary magazine 8 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole. The rotary magazine 8 is inclined so that the central axis thereof forms a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the main shaft 22, and is provided on the front side of the head body 6a. The rotary magazine 8 includes a housing 40 attached to the front end of the frame 4 and a casing 60 that is loosely fitted in the housing 40.

  The casing 60 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with a closed front end surface. One end of the rotating shaft 61 is attached to the center of the front end surface of the casing 60. The casing 60 is configured to be rotatable together with the rotating shaft 61. In the casing 60, a plurality of arms 27 (tool holding portions) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each arm 27 is rotated with respect to the casing 60 as the spindle head 6 moves up and down by a cam mechanism (not shown) provided in the head body 6 a of the spindle head 6. Each arm 27 can hold a tool holder 75.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the tool mounting portion 21 can be inserted into the upper portion of the tool holder 75 on which the tool 74 is mounted. The tool mounting part 21 has a holder clamping part 25 above it. The holder clamping portion 25 can attach the tool holder 75 to the tool attachment portion 21 by grasping a pull stud 75d (see FIG. 8) provided at the upper end of the tool holder 75, and can release the tool by releasing the grasp. The holder 75 can be removed.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the other end portion of the rotating shaft 61 provided in the casing 60 is inserted into the housing 40 and is rotatably supported. The rotating shaft 61 forms a gear 61a at the other end. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the spindle 22 and the spindle head 6 have moved to the most elevated position by driving the Z-axis motor 15.

  The housing 40 includes a driving force transmission mechanism 8 </ b> A that rotates the rotary magazine 8 using the rotational force of the main shaft 22. The driving force transmission mechanism 8A includes a movable shaft 41 provided at a lower portion in the housing 40, a ball spline 45, a first stepped gear shaft 47 and a second stepped gear shaft 48 that are rotatable in the housing 40. Have.

  The movable shaft 41 has a flange 42 on the front end side and a magazine side gear 32 formed of a bevel gear on the rear end side. The movable shaft 41 forms a contact 44 of a cam that bulges in a circular shape and is supported at the rear end thereof so as to be rotatable relative to the movable shaft 41. The ball spline 45 is provided at an intermediate portion of the movable shaft 41. The ball spline 45 transmits the rotational force of the movable shaft 41 and enables smooth movement in the axial direction. The movable shaft 41 is biased in a direction in which the contact 44 abuts against the cam groove 51 by a pressing spring 46 that is rotatably inserted between the flange 42 and the housing 40.

  The first stepped gear shaft 47 has a gear 47a and a gear 47b having a smaller diameter than the gear 47a. The gear 47 a meshes with a gear 45 a provided on the ball spline 45. The second stepped gear shaft 48 includes a gear 48a and a gear 48b having a smaller diameter than the gear 48a. The gear 48 a meshes with the gear 47 b of the first stepped gear shaft 47. The gear 48 b of the second stepped gear shaft 48 meshes with the gear 61 a of the rotating shaft 61.

  With the above configuration, the magazine side gear 32 rotates when the main shaft 22 rotates while the magazine side gear 32 is engaged with the main shaft side gear 31. When the magazine side gear 32 rotates, the ball spline 45 rotates via the movable shaft 41. When the ball spline 45 rotates, the rotation shaft 61 rotates through the gear 45a of the ball spline 45, the first stepped gear shaft 47, and the second stepped gear shaft 48. The rotary magazine 8 is rotated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 61 (see the circular arrow in FIG. 5).

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the front end surface of the head body 6 a of the spindle head 6 includes a cam 50 having a cam groove 51 that can engage with a contact 44 of the movable shaft 41 in the vertical direction. The cam 50 has an inclined portion 51a provided at the lower end portion of the cam groove 51, and a vertical portion 51b extending above the inclined portion 51a. The inclined portion 51a is directed toward the head body 6a as it is positioned below. In the cam 50, the contact 44 is always pressed into the cam groove 51 by the biasing force of the pressing spring 46. The movable shaft 41 advances and retreats following the movement of the cam groove 51 as the spindle head 6 moves up and down (see the double-headed arrows in FIGS. 2 and 5). Advances and retreats.

  When the spindle head 6 is raised, the contact 44 is positioned on the inclined portion 51 a of the cam groove 51. Therefore, the movable shaft 41 moves in the direction of the head body 6a. Due to the movement of the movable shaft 41, the magazine side gear 32 moves forward in parallel with the rotating shaft 61 of the casing 60 in a direction (a direction in FIG. 5) toward the meshing position where the magazine side gear 31 meshes. With the spindle head 6 raised to the uppermost position (the magazine rotation drive position where the rotary magazine 8 is rotatable), the magazine side gear 32 reaches the meshing position and meshes with the spindle side gear 31. When the main shaft side gear 31 rotates in a state where the magazine side gear 32 is engaged with the main shaft side gear 31, the movable shaft 41 rotates. As the movable shaft 41 rotates, the rotary shaft 61 rotates through the first and second stepped gear shafts 47 and 48, and the rotary magazine 8 rotates.

  When the spindle head 6 is lowered, the contact 44 positioned at the inclined portion 51 a of the cam groove 51 is pushed forward by the inclined portion 51 a until it is positioned at the vertical portion 51 b of the cam groove 51. Therefore, the movable shaft 41 moves in a direction away from the head body 6a. The magazine side gear 32 retreats in parallel with the rotary shaft 61 of the casing 60 in a direction (a direction (A) in FIG. 5) toward the disengagement position where the magazine side gear 32 is disengaged from the engagement with the main shaft side gear 31. When the magazine side gear 32 is detached from the main shaft side gear 31, the rotary magazine 8 does not rotate even if the main shaft 22 rotates. When the spindle head 6 is further lowered, the contact 44 reaches the vertical portion 51b from the inclined portion 51a of the cam groove 51, and the magazine side gear 32 moves backward to the disengagement position. While the contactor 44 is positioned in the vertical portion 51b of the cam groove 51, the magazine side gear 32 maintains its disengaged position. The cam 50 and the pressing spring 46 constitute an advance / retreat mechanism described in each claim.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the tool holder 75 has a tool mounting portion 75a for mounting the tool 74 at the lower end thereof, a hook-shaped portion 75b positioned at the upper portion thereof, and a further upper portion thereof. The taper portion 75c positioned and the pull stud 75d positioned at the uppermost end are integrally formed. Key grooves 75e are provided in two locations on the outer periphery of the bowl-shaped portion 75b that are opposed to each other by 180 ° in order to position the tool holder 75 itself in the rotational direction.

  When the tool holder 75 is held by the arm 27, the upper part is exposed from the flange 75b. One key groove 75e is engaged with a key (not shown) of the arm 27 so that the tool holder 75 itself is positioned in the rotational direction.

  The main shaft 22 is provided with a drive key 26 (see FIG. 10) that can be engaged with the keyway 75e of the tool holder 75 at the lower end. When the tool holder 75 is mounted on the tool mounting portion 21, the main shaft 22 has a rotational position of the main shaft side gear 31 at a predetermined position in 360 ° where the key groove 75 e of the tool holder 75 and the drive key 26 can be engaged. Position to (orient position).

  The electrical configuration of the machine tool 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The numerical control device 9 of the machine tool 1 includes a control circuit 110 and various drive circuits 121 to 125. The control circuit 110 controls a machining operation and a tool change operation of the machine tool 1 by executing a control program stored in the ROM 112. The control circuit 110 basically includes a microcomputer including a CPU 111, a ROM 112, and a RAM 113, and an input interface 114 and an output interface 115.

  The input interface 114 is electrically connected to a keyboard 130 of an operation panel (not shown) provided on the front surface of the machine tool 1. The output interface 115 includes a drive circuit 121 that drives the X-axis motor 131, a drive circuit 122 that drives the Y-axis motor 132, a drive circuit 123 that drives the Z-axis motor 15, a drive circuit 124 that drives the spindle motor 23, and an operation panel. Are electrically connected to a drive circuit 125 for driving the CRT 133.

  With reference to FIG. 10, the process performed when exchanging the tool holder 75 with which the tool mounting part 21 of the main shaft 22 was mounted | worn is demonstrated. In the figure, only the relevant part is shown by a schematic model diagram. For easy understanding, the central axis of the magazine side gear 32 and the rotary shaft 61 of the rotary magazine 8 are configured on the same axis. These are shown in parallel with the main shaft 22.

  As shown in FIG. 10 (a), after cutting with a predetermined tool 74, the spindle head 6 moves upward and stops at the Z-axis origin (point B). At this time, the rotary magazine 8 has one arm 27 arranged on the lower extension line (index position) of the main shaft 22 by the indexing of the tool at the previous tool change. The rotational direction positions of the rotary magazine 8 and the magazine side gear 32 are index rotational direction positions. The main shaft 22 is in the orientation position. The tool mounting portion 21 accommodates the upper part of the tool holder 75 from the bowl-shaped portion 75b. The drive key 26 of the tool mounting portion 21 is engaged with the key groove 75 e of the tool holder 75.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, when the spindle head 6 is raised by driving the Z-axis motor 15, the engagement between the drive key 26 of the spindle 22 and the key groove 75e of the tool holder 75 is released. At the same time, the holder clamping portion 25 of the main shaft 22 releases the grip of the pull stud 75d on the tool holder 75 side. A position in the Z-axis direction of the spindle head 6 at this time is defined as a C point.

  As shown in FIG. 10 (c), the spindle head 6 further rises, and passes the ascending position immediately before the upper surface of the main shaft side gear 31 coincides with the lower surface of the magazine side gear 32. From the point C to the raised position, the rotary magazine 8 does not rotate even if the main shaft 22 rotates. Let this raised position be point D.

  When the gear teeth phases coincide with each other so that the gear teeth of the main shaft side gear 31 and the magazine side gear 32 can be engaged with each other at point D, the two gears 31 and 32 are engaged with each other by ascending the main shaft head 6. (FIG. 10D). The Z-axis direction position of the spindle head 6 at this time is defined as point E. When the spindle head 6 is located at the point E, in this embodiment, the spindle head 6 is at the highest position (magazine rotation drive position).

  At point E, the main shaft 22 is rotated by driving the main shaft motor 23, whereby the rotary magazine 8 is indexed to a desired position via the two gears 31 and 32. The desired position is a position where the arm 27 holding the tool holder 75 to be mounted next is indexed on the lower extension line of the main shaft 22 described above. Thereafter, the next tool holder 75 can be attached to the tool mounting portion 21 of the spindle 22 by executing the above steps in the reverse order.

  After the tool holder 75 is mounted and fixed on the tool mounting portion 21 at the lower end of the main shaft 22, the arm 27 (see FIG. 3 above) is rotated downward to disengage the tool holder 75 from the arm 27 and below the main shaft 22. The extension line can be opened. As a result, the main shaft 22 can move downward without interfering with the arm 27, and the tool 74 can be brought close to the work fixed on the table 135 (see FIG. 1 above).

  As described above, in the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment, the rotary magazine 8 includes the arms 27 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. Each arm 27 can hold a tool holder 75. The main shaft 22 is provided with a main shaft side gear 31 on the outer periphery of the lower end thereof. The main shaft side gear 31 can mesh with the magazine side gear 32. In the driving force transmission mechanism 8 </ b> A of the rotary magazine 8, the magazine side gear 32 is provided so as to be able to advance and retract relative to the rotary magazine 8. When the tool is changed, the magazine side gear 32 moves forward and reaches a meshing position where it meshes with the main shaft side gear 31. The magazine side gear 32 meshed with the main shaft side gear 31 transmits the rotation of the main shaft 22 to the rotary magazine 8 and rotates the rotary magazine 8 in the circumferential direction. By this rotation, the rotary magazine 8 can move the newly mounted tool to the indexing position and deliver the tool to the spindle 22. When the tool change is completed, the magazine side gear 32 is detached from the main shaft side gear 31 and moves backward. By retreating the magazine side gear 32, the main shaft 22 can rotate without interfering with the magazine side gear 32.

  In the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment, the rotary magazine 8 is fixed to the frame 4, and only the magazine side gear 32 moves forward and backward with respect to the main shaft 22. As a result, the machine tool 1 does not have a large impact when the magazine side gear 32 and the main shaft side gear 31 are engaged with each other, as compared with the structure in which the entire rotary magazine 8 advances and retreats with respect to the main shaft 22. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can improve its durability. Further, the machine tool 1 does not need to reduce the moving speed of the rotary magazine 8 in order to reduce the impact when the magazine side gear 32 and the main shaft side gear 31 are engaged. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can shorten the time required for tool change.

  Further, the machine tool 1 is provided with an advance / retreat mechanism including a cam 50 on the spindle head 6 side and a pressing spring 46 on the rotary magazine 8 side. This advance / retreat mechanism moves the magazine side gear 32 forward / backward in conjunction with the elevation of the spindle head 6 by the Z-axis moving device 5. When the spindle head 6 is raised, the magazine side gear 32 moves forward and meshes with the spindle side gear 31. When the spindle head 6 is lowered, the magazine side gear 32 is retracted and detached from the spindle side gear 31. Thereby, the machine tool 1 can smoothly engage and disengage the magazine side gear 32 and the main shaft side gear 31. The advance / retreat mechanism moves the magazine side gear 32 in parallel with the rotation shaft 61 of the rotary magazine 8. Thereby, the magazine side gear 32 can be advanced and retracted with a simple structure.

  The machine tool may further include a lock mechanism that prevents the rotation of the rotary magazine 8 when the advance / retreat mechanism retracts the magazine side gear 32 to the disengagement position as described above. Specifically, for example, when the disengaged position is reached, the end of the left side of the movable shaft 41 in FIG. 5 enters a recess (not shown) provided on the back surface of the casing 60 (right side in FIG. 5). Thus, the casing 60 is locked so as not to rotate. The machine tool can reliably prevent the rotary magazine 8 from rotating when the magazine side gear 32 is retracted to the disengagement position and the rotation of the main shaft 22 is not transmitted to the rotary magazine 8.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
(1) In the embodiment, the magazine side gear 32 linearly advances / retreats in a direction parallel to the axial center direction of the rotary shaft 61 of the rotary magazine 8, but is not limited to this, and may advance / retreat in another manner. . A modification will be described with reference to FIG. Hereinafter, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the above embodiment, and the description will be omitted as appropriate.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the rotation shaft 72 of the rotary magazine 8 is a gear shaft in which a bevel gear 72a is formed at an intermediate portion. The rotary shaft 72 is rotatably installed in the housing 40 and is attached to the front end surface of the casing 60 of the rotary magazine 8. The gear member 73 is rotatably provided in the housing 40. The gear member 73 has a bevel gear 73a that meshes with the bevel gear 72a of the rotating shaft 72 at one end. The gear member 73 has a swing member 85 connected to the other end via a universal joint 84 (swing shaft). The swing member 85 has a cam contact 44 equivalent to that of the above-described embodiment at the intermediate portion and the magazine side gear 32 at the end portion. The contact 44 is biased in the direction of the head main body 6a of the spindle head 6 by a spring (not shown), and engages with a cam groove 51 of a cam 50 provided on the front end surface of the head main body 6a. In this modification, the spring and the cam 50 constitute an advance / retreat mechanism described in each claim.

  In the above configuration, when the spindle head 6 is raised, the contactor 44 relatively moves on the inclined portion 51 a of the cam groove 51. Therefore, the swing member 85 swings in the direction of the head body 6a around the universal joint 84. As the swing member 85 swings, the magazine side gear 32 moves forward in a direction toward the meshing position where the magazine side gear 31 meshes. With the spindle head 6 raised to the magazine rotation drive position, the magazine side gear 32 reaches the meshing position and meshes with the spindle side gear 31. When the magazine side gear 32 is engaged with the spindle side gear 31 and the spindle side gear 31 is rotated, the swing member 85 is rotated via the magazine side gear 32. Due to the rotation of the swing member 85, the rotary shaft 61 rotates through the universal joint 84 and the gear member 73, and the rotary magazine 8 rotates.

  When the spindle head 6 descends, the contact 44 moves relatively from the inclined portion 51a of the cam groove 51 to the vertical portion 51b. Therefore, the swing member 85 swings away from the head main body 6a around the universal joint 84. By swinging the swing member 85, the magazine side gear 32 moves backward in the direction toward the disengagement position where the magazine side gear 32 is disengaged from the meshing with the main shaft side gear 31. Thereafter, when the spindle 44 reaches the vertical portion 51b of the cam groove 51 due to the lowering of the spindle head 6, the magazine side gear 32 moves backward to the disengagement position. While the contactor 44 is positioned in the vertical portion 51b of the cam groove 51, the magazine side gear 32 maintains its disengaged position.

  In this modification, the advance / retreat mechanism swings the magazine side gear 32 so that the magazine side gear 32 advances / retreats between an engagement position where the magazine side gear 32 is engaged with the main shaft side gear 31 and a disengagement position where the magazine side gear 31 is disengaged. . Thereby, the machine tool can move the magazine side gear 32 forward and backward between the meshing position and the disengagement position by using the swing motion around the swing center.

(2) In the embodiment, the rotary magazine 8 is provided on the front side of the head main body 6a so that the central axis thereof is inclined with respect to the central axis of the main shaft 22 at a predetermined angle. The present invention can also be applied to a tool changer in which the central axis of the rotary magazine 8 is orthogonal to the central axis of the main shaft 22.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool 2 Tool changer 4 Frame 5 Z-axis moving device (vertical moving mechanism)
6 Spindle head 6a Head body 8 Rotating magazine 22 Spindle 23 Spindle motor 31 Spindle side gear 32 Magazine side gear 46 Pressure spring (advance / retreat mechanism)
50 cam (advance / retreat mechanism)
61 Rotating shaft

Claims (5)

Frame,
A spindle for detachably holding the tool;
A spindle motor that rotationally drives the spindle;
A spindle head that holds the spindle motor and is movable up and down relative to the frame;
A main shaft side gear provided on an outer peripheral portion of the main shaft and rotating together with the main shaft by driving of the main shaft motor;
A rotary magazine comprising tool holders for holding the tool at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and rotatably supported by the frame;
A magazine-side gear that meshes with the main shaft-side gear and rotates the rotary magazine in the circumferential direction by rotation of the main shaft;
In machine tools equipped with
The magazine side gear is provided so as to be capable of advancing and retreating with respect to the rotary magazine in a direction toward a meshing position for meshing with the main shaft side gear and a direction toward a disengaging position for separating from the main shaft side gear. Machine tool to do. The machine tool according to claim 1,
Further comprising a vertical movement mechanism for moving the spindle head in the vertical direction;
Advancing and retreating the magazine side gear between the meshing position and the disengaging position in conjunction with the vertical movement of the spindle head by the vertical movement mechanism to at least one of the rotary magazine and the spindle head A machine tool characterized by a mechanism. The machine tool according to claim 2,
The advance / retreat mechanism is:
A machine tool, wherein the magazine-side gear is moved back and forth between the meshing position and the disengagement position by moving in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotary magazine. The machine tool according to claim 2,
The advance / retreat mechanism is:
A machine tool, wherein the magazine side gear is moved back and forth between the meshing position and the disengaged position by swinging about a swing shaft provided in the rotary magazine. The machine tool according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
A machine tool, further comprising a lock mechanism that prevents rotation of the rotary magazine when the advance / retreat mechanism retracts the magazine side gear to the disengagement position.

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