JP2012060804A - Excavating work monitoring system and excavating work monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To monitor damage to an underground embedded object more completely and easily in performing excavating work.SOLUTION: The present invention includes: an optical fiber 2 embedded above an underground embedded object 100; and a detector 3 which makes an optical pulse incident from one end of the optical fiber 2 and detects an abnormality, such as bending or cutting, in the optical fiber 2 based on reflected light. When an embedding area of the underground embedded object 100 is excavated with a hydraulic shovel 101, first, a bucket 101a hits the optical fiber 2, so that the optical fiber 2 may be bent or cut. At this time, such an abnormality in the optical fiber 2 is detected by the detector 3, if any.

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavation work monitoring system and an excavation work monitoring method for monitoring damage to an existing underground buried object when excavation work is performed.

  When excavating roads or private land, there is a risk of accidentally damaging existing underground equipment such as power lines, communication lines, gas pipes, and water pipes. For this reason, the prevention method which alerts excavation workers by embed | buried the underground marking tape which shows that the underground embedment is embed | buried above an underground embedment is taken. Further, an embedded marking tape in which electric wires are arranged along the longitudinal direction on a display tape body is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). This embedment marking tape can detect the position of an underground embedment by generating a magnetic field by passing an electric current through an electric wire while it is buried above the underground burial, and detecting this magnetic field from the ground. It is.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-65677

  By the way, power lines, communication lines, water pipes, etc. are important lifelines, and if they are accidentally damaged, the impact is great, but they are buried in the ground. It takes a long time. For this reason, precautions that prevent accidental damage and quick response in the event of damage are more demanded. On the other hand, in the conventional preventive method, even if the underground buried object is excavated by mistake, the fact is not notified to the owner / manager of the underground buried object, and the excavation location and its It was difficult to grasp the degree and appropriate response.

  Moreover, in the embedment marking tape described in Patent Document 1, since a magnetic field is detected from the ground by passing an electric current through an electric wire, only an excavation worker who recognizes the existence of an underground embedment can perform. In other words, excavation workers who are not aware of the existence of underground objects do not act to detect a magnetic field by passing an electric current through an electric wire. The failure of damaging cannot be prevented. In addition, since the magnetic field detector is approached and scanned on the ground to detect the magnetic field, it takes a lot of time and labor to detect the underground object.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an excavation work monitoring system and method capable of monitoring damage to an underground buried object more reliably and easily when excavation work is performed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that an optical fiber buried above an underground buried object, a light pulse is incident from one end of the optical fiber, and the light is reflected on the basis of the reflected light. An excavation work monitoring system comprising: detecting means for detecting an abnormality such as bending or cutting in an optical fiber.

  According to the present invention, when excavating a place where an underground object is buried with a hydraulic excavator or a shovel car, the bucket first hits the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is bent or cut. At this time, the abnormality of the optical fiber is detected by the detecting means based on the reflected light (back scattered light) of the light pulse incident from one end of the optical fiber.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the excavation work monitoring system according to the first aspect, the detection means detects the position of the abnormality based on the reflected light.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the excavation work monitoring system according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the excavation work monitoring system includes a communication unit that transmits a detection result of the detection unit to a pre-registered monitoring center.

  According to this invention, when a bucket of a hydraulic excavator hits an optical fiber and the optical fiber bends or breaks, the abnormality is detected by the detection means, and the occurrence of the abnormality is detected by the communication means to the monitoring center. Sent.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the excavation work monitoring system according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the excavation work monitoring system further comprises display means for displaying a detection result by the detection means.

  According to the present invention, when the bucket of the hydraulic excavator hits the optical fiber and the optical fiber is bent or cut, the abnormality is detected by the detecting means, and the fact that the abnormality has occurred is displayed on the display means. .

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the excavation work monitoring system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the optical fiber is disposed on a buried marking tape indicating that an underground buried object is buried. And

  The invention of claim 6 embeds an optical fiber above an underground object, makes an optical pulse incident from one end of the optical fiber, and detects abnormalities such as bending and cutting in the optical fiber based on the reflected light. The excavation work monitoring method is characterized by the above.

  According to the first and sixth aspects of the present invention, when a place where an underground object is buried is excavated, first, the optical fiber is bent or cut, and an abnormality of the optical fiber is detected. For this reason, it becomes possible to know the existence of an underground buried object and to stop excavation more reliably before damaging the underground buried object. In addition, it is not necessary to search and detect underground objects in advance before excavation work, and can be easily monitored. In this way, it becomes possible to monitor damage to the underground object more reliably and easily.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, since the abnormal position of the optical fiber, that is, the excavation position is also detected by the detecting means, the precautionary measure for preventing the underground buried object from being damaged or the damage has been given. It is possible to deal with cases appropriately, quickly and easily.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the fact that an abnormality has occurred in the optical fiber, that is, the fact that the place where the underground object is buried has been excavated is transmitted to the monitoring center. By this, it becomes possible to perform an appropriate and quick response.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, since the fact that an abnormality has occurred in the optical fiber, that is, the fact that the place where the underground buried object is buried has been excavated is displayed on the display means, the supervision of the excavation work site It becomes possible for a person or the like to respond appropriately and promptly.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, since the optical fiber is disposed on the embedded marking tape, the optical fiber can be embedded easily and stably by burying the embedded marking tape in the ground. . Moreover, it is possible to alert the excavation worker that the underground buried object is buried by the buried marking tape.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram which shows the excavation work monitoring system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the embed | buried labeling tape of the system of FIG. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a figure which shows the embedment positional relationship of the embedment marking tape of FIG. 2 and an underground embedment. It is a schematic block diagram of the detector of the system of FIG. 5A and 5B show waveforms detected by the detector shown in FIG. 5, in which FIG. 5A shows a waveform when the optical fiber is bent, and FIG. 5B shows a waveform when the optical fiber is cut. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the excavation work monitoring system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an excavation work monitoring system 1 according to this embodiment. This excavation work monitoring system 1 is a system for monitoring damage to an existing underground buried object 100 when excavation work is performed, and mainly includes an optical fiber 2 and a detector (detection means) 3. . Here, examples of the underground buried object 100 include a power line, a communication line, a gas pipe, and a water pipe. In this embodiment, the case where the underground buried object 100 is a transmission / distribution line will be mainly described.

  The optical fiber 2 is an optical transmission line made of glass or plastic, and is embedded above the underground buried object 100 along the longitudinal direction and the laying direction of the underground buried object 100. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the embedded marking tape 4 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the tape 4 within the central portion. This buried marking tape 4 is a strip-shaped tape indicating that the underground buried object 100 is buried, and the surface is printed with a notice that a power transmission / distribution line is buried below the tape 4. Has been. As shown in FIG. 4, the buried marking tape 4 is buried along the underground buried object 100 at a predetermined display depth H1 from the ground / ground surface G.

  Here, the display depth H1 is shallower than the embedding depth H2 of the underground buried object 100, and when excavating with the hydraulic excavator 101 as described later, before the bucket 101a of the hydraulic excavator 101 hits the underground buried object 100. First, it is set so as to hit the buried marking tape 4. That is, even when excavating with the hydraulic excavator 101 at random, before the bucket 101a hits the underground buried object 100, the bucket 101a always hits the optical fiber 2, and the optical fiber 2 is bent or cut. Further, reference numeral 102 in FIG. 4 is a protective plate for protecting the underground buried object 100 and is buried above the underground buried object 100 along a laying direction of the underground buried object 100 with a predetermined distance therebetween. .

  One end of the optical fiber 2 buried in this way is raised to the ground through the riser pipe P1 provided in the utility pole P, and is arranged on the substation D side via the adjacent utility pole P. It is installed. And the one end part of the optical fiber 2 is connected to the detector 3 mentioned later. Here, the optical fiber 2 that has come out of the embedded marking tape 4 is disposed on the substation D side as an optical fiber cable 21 with a sheath / protective coating.

  The detector 3 is a device that receives a light pulse from one end of the optical fiber 2 and detects the presence or absence of abnormality such as bending or cutting in the optical fiber 2 and the position of the abnormality based on the reflected light. In the embodiment, it is installed in the substation D. Specifically, with the same configuration as an OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectmeter, optical pulse tester), as shown in FIG. 5, the measurement is performed with one end / incident end of the optical fiber 2 attached to the attachment port 3a. Light pulses are incident on the optical fiber 2 from the light source 31 via the switch 36. Then, the light (back scattered light) reflected and returned at each point in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 2 is received by the light receiving unit 32 via the switch 36, and the distance distribution of the optical power of the back scattered light is analyzed. Analyze at 33.

  Thereby, the loss of the optical fiber 2, the distance to the connection point, or the distance to the abnormal point when the optical fiber 2 is bent or cut is analyzed and detected. That is, as shown at level L in FIG. 6, a detection waveform indicating the light level of the backscattered light with respect to the distance from the incident end is obtained, and this detection waveform decreases linearly as the distance from the incident end increases. At the connection point and terminal, it drops rapidly and the point beyond it is not detected or observed. If bending occurs in the optical fiber 2 with respect to such a normal state, as shown in FIG. 6A, the waveform of the light receiving level is lowered in a step shape due to loss due to the bending portion. And its position are detected. When the optical fiber 2 is cut, as shown in FIG. 6B, the waveform of the backscattered light and the light receiving level ahead of the cut portion is not detected / observed. The position is detected.

  The detector 3 includes a display unit (display unit) 34 and a communication unit (communication unit) 35. The display unit 34 is a display that displays the detection result of the analysis unit 33. The display unit 34 always displays a light reception level waveform as shown in FIG. 6 and when an abnormality such as bending or cutting of the optical fiber 2 is detected. An alarm to that effect is displayed. Here, the detector 3 is provided with a display unit 34. However, the display unit 34 is separated from the detector 3 and provided in the substation D or the like, so that the optical fiber 2 is in an abnormal state and is alerted. You may make it easy.

  The communication unit 35 is a communication device that transmits the detection result of the analysis unit 33 to the monitoring center K registered in advance via the communication network NW. In this embodiment, an abnormality in the optical fiber 2 is detected. In this case, the fact and the detected waveform (abnormal position) of the received light level are transmitted to the alarm device of the monitoring center K. As a result, an alarm is issued by the alarm device, and the detected waveform is displayed. Here, a technician or maintenance staff of the electric power company is stationed at the monitoring center K. As described above, the detector 3 transmits the fact that the abnormality has occurred directly to the monitoring center K. However, the detector 3 transmits and transmits the fact that the abnormality has occurred to the communication device in the substation D. Thus, a notification that an abnormality has occurred may be transmitted from the communication device in the substation D to the monitoring center K. Thereby, when the substation D and the monitoring center K are already connected so that communication is possible, the detection result by the detector 3 can be easily transmitted to the monitoring center K. Further, the detection waveform of the light reception level by the analysis unit 33 may be transmitted to the monitoring center K at all times.

  A plurality of such optical fibers 2 and detectors 3 are provided. That is, the optical fiber 2 and the detector 3 are provided for each underground buried object 100 to be monitored, and the abnormality of each optical fiber 2 is transmitted and notified to the monitoring center K together with the identification information of the detector 3. As a result, the monitoring center K can identify which underground buried object 100 has been excavated. Here, one detector 3 is provided for a plurality of optical fibers 2, identification information of the optical fiber 2 is added, and an abnormality of the optical fiber 2 is transmitted from the detector 3 to the monitoring center K. Also good.

  Next, the operation of the excavation work monitoring system 1 having such a configuration and the excavation work monitoring method using the system 1 will be described.

  First, the excavation operator notifies the planned excavation location, the planned period, and the like to the electric power company or communication operator who owns and manages the underground buried object 100 such as a power line, a communication line, and a gas pipe. In response to this, when, for example, a transmission / distribution line is buried around the planned excavation site, the corresponding detector 3 is activated at the substation D of the electric power company. That is, the detector 3 connected to the optical fiber 2 buried above the underground buried object 100 around the planned excavation site is activated. Thereby, as described above, a light pulse is incident on the optical fiber 2 from the measurement light source 31, the light reflected from the optical fiber 2 is received by the light receiving unit 32, and the distance distribution of the optical power is analyzed by the analyzing unit 33. Is done. In this way, the detector 3 is activated in response to the notification from the excavator, but in consideration of the case where the notification is not notified, each detector 3 is activated at all times in order to ensure safety. You may make it always analyze a backscattered light by injecting a light pulse from the detector 3 to the optical fiber 2.

  In this state, when the place where the underground buried object 100 is buried is excavated by the hydraulic excavator 101, the light is first emitted before the bucket 101a of the hydraulic excavator 101 reaches the underground buried object 100 as described above. When hitting the fiber 2, the optical fiber 2 is bent or cut. At this time, the abnormality of the optical fiber 2 and its position are detected by the detector 3 as described above, and a message to that effect is displayed on the display unit 34, and at the same time, the monitoring center and the identification information of the detector 3 are displayed. Sent to K's alarm device. As a result, an alarm is issued by the alarm device, and a detection waveform indicating an abnormal position / excavation position is displayed, and a technician or a maintenance staff or the like needs to respond to the abnormality of the optical fiber 2 or the type of the underground object 100. Measures are taken.

  As described above, according to the excavation work monitoring system 1, when excavating the place where the underground buried object 100 is buried, the abnormality of the optical fiber 2 and its position are first detected and notified to the monitoring center K. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent damage to the underground buried object 100 more reliably. In other words, it is possible to appropriately and promptly take preventive measures to prevent damage to the underground buried object 100 by a technician at the monitoring center K or the like. Further, even if the excavation operator proceeds to excavate without noticing the buried marking tape 4 and damages the underground buried object 100, the fact that excavation and the excavation position are notified to the monitoring center K. Therefore, it is possible to respond appropriately and promptly. Furthermore, since an alarm is displayed on the display unit 34 to indicate that an abnormality has occurred in the optical fiber 2, that is, that the burial site of the underground buried object 100 has been excavated, alert the monitoring staff of the substation D, etc. It becomes possible to respond appropriately and promptly.

  Further, since it is not necessary to search and detect the underground buried object 100 before excavation work, the burden on the excavating worker and the like is reduced, and random excavation without recognizing the existence of the underground buried object 100 is performed. However, it is possible to prevent damage to the underground buried object 100. In this way, it becomes possible to monitor damage to the underground buried object 100 more reliably and easily.

  On the other hand, since the optical fiber 2 is disposed on the embedded marking tape 4, the optical fiber 2 can be easily and stably embedded by burying the embedded marking tape 4 in the ground. In addition, the excavation operator can be alerted by the buried marking tape 4 that the underground buried object 100 is buried.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the excavation work monitoring system 10 according to this embodiment. In this embodiment, the configuration is different from that of the first embodiment in that the witness M carries the detector 3, and the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. To do.

  The detector 3 of this embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the detector 3 of the first embodiment, but differs in configuration in that an alarm unit is provided instead of the communication unit 35. This alarm unit emits an alarm sound when the analysis unit 33 detects an abnormality such as bending or cutting of the optical fiber 2. When the optical fiber 2 is bent, the alarm unit is disconnected. Depending on the case, different alarm sounds are emitted.

  In this embodiment, when the excavation operator notifies the lifeline manager such as an electric power company of the planned excavation location and the excavation work date and time, the witness M of the lifeline manager Carry and witness the excavation site. Then, the optical fiber 2 corresponding to the excavation site is attached to the detector 3, and the detector 3 is activated. Thereby, the analysis / detection waveform by the analysis unit 33 is always displayed on the display unit 34.

  In this state, when the buried place of the underground buried object 100 is excavated by the hydraulic excavator 101, the bucket 101a of the hydraulic excavator 101 first hits the optical fiber 2 and the optical fiber 2 is bent as in the first embodiment. Or cut. At this time, the abnormality of the optical fiber 2 and its position are detected by the detector 3, and a message to that effect is displayed on the display unit 34 and at the same time, an alarm sound is emitted from the alarm unit. Thus, the witness M instructs the operator of the excavator 101 to stop the excavation operation, thereby preventing the underground object 100 from being damaged.

  Thus, according to the embodiment, since the witness M who is present at the excavation site carries the detector 3, the presence or absence of an abnormality in the optical fiber 2 can always be monitored in real time. In addition, when an abnormality occurs in the optical fiber 2, an alarm sound is emitted from the alarm unit, so that a quicker response is possible and damage to the underground buried object 100 can be more reliably prevented. Moreover, since a different warning sound is generated depending on whether the optical fiber 2 is bent or cut, it is possible to take a more appropriate action according to the degree of abnormality of the optical fiber 2 and the degree of excavation. It becomes possible.

  Further, by using an existing / off-the-shelf OTDR as the detector 3, the present system 10 can be easily constructed. In other words, the present system 10 can be constructed by connecting the optical fiber 2 to an existing OTDR via an optical cord. This makes it possible to change the state of the ground (abnormality of the optical fiber 2) and its signs. Can be known.

  Further, although the witness M carries the detector 3, the operator of the excavator 101 may carry the detector 3. Thereby, the operator can always know the state change in the ground, and since the alarm sound from the alarm unit directly reaches the operator, it is possible to call more attention. As a result, a quicker response is possible, and damage to the underground buried object 100 can be more reliably prevented.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, Included in the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, one optical fiber 2 is disposed and buried above the underground buried object 100. However, a plurality of optical fibers 2 may be used depending on the size of the underground buried object 100, the laying route, and the like. Alternatively, the optical fiber 2 may be disposed on the side of the underground buried object 100 or obliquely above. Further, the detector 3 and the excavator 101 may be linked. That is, when the detector 3 detects bending or cutting of the optical fiber 2, an alarm signal is sent from the detector 3 to the excavator 101, and the operation of the bucket 101a is automatically / forced in response to the alarm signal. You may make it stop. Thereby, it becomes possible to prevent damage to the underground buried object 100 more reliably.

1, 10 Excavation work communication system 2 Optical fiber 3 Detector (detection means)
31 Measurement Light Source 32 Light Receiving Unit 33 Analysis Unit 34 Display Unit (Display Unit)
35 Communication unit (communication means)
36 switch 4 buried marking tape 100 underground buried object 101 hydraulic excavator D substation K monitoring center P utility pole

Claims (6)

An optical fiber embedded above the underground object,
Detection means for detecting a light pulse incident from one end of the optical fiber and detecting an abnormality such as bending or cutting in the optical fiber based on the reflected light;
An excavation work monitoring system comprising: The detecting means detects the position of the abnormality based on the reflected light;
The excavation work monitoring system according to claim 1. A communication unit that transmits a detection result of the detection unit to a pre-registered monitoring center;
The excavation work monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the excavation work monitoring system is provided. Display means for displaying a detection result by the detection means;
The excavation work monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the excavation work monitoring system is provided. The optical fiber is disposed on a buried marking tape indicating that an underground buried object is buried,
The excavation work monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the excavation work monitoring system is provided. An optical fiber is buried above the underground object,
An optical pulse is incident from one end of the optical fiber, and an abnormality such as bending or cutting in the optical fiber is detected based on the reflected light.
The excavation work monitoring method characterized by the above-mentioned.

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