JP2012052108A - Lubricating oil for aluminum alloy plate warm molding, aluminum alloy plate and method for warm molding thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating oil for warm molding, superior in degreasing property after continuous processing, low smoke emission in continuous processing, seize resistance in continuous processing and adhesion when warm-molding aluminum alloy plates, and to provide aluminum alloy plates coated therewith.SOLUTION: There is provided a lubricating oil for aluminum alloy plate warm molding, comprising 40-90 mass% polyvalent ester having a kinematic viscosity of 1-500 mm/s at 40°C and 0-120 iodine value, 1-50 mass% synthetic oil having a kinematic viscosity of 1-4,000 mm/s at 40°C and 0.1-10 mass% surfactant and having a kinematic viscosity of 15-400 mm/s at 40°C and 0-20 iodine value. Further, aluminum alloy plates for warn molding, coated with the lubricant oil of ≥0.01 g/mbut ≤3.5 g/mon at least one surface are also provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubricating oil that can be suitably used for warm forming of an aluminum alloy plate, an aluminum alloy plate coated with the lubricating oil, and a warm forming method using the aluminum alloy plate.

  As measures for reducing the weight of automobiles in recent years, the use of an aluminum alloy plate having a specific strength higher than that of a steel plate has been studied and put into practical use. However, since the formability of an aluminum alloy plate is inferior to that of a steel plate, its application is limited to parts that can be formed.

  Therefore, conventionally, various special forming methods have been studied in order to improve the formability of the aluminum alloy plate. One example is warm forming, that is, a press forming method in which the die temperature of the die and the wrinkle presser is heated to 150 to 300 ° C. and the punch is cooled (for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Although this forming method can be expected to ensure formability equivalent to that of a steel plate, although it has been studied, it has not yet been put into practical use.

  One of the major obstacles to the practical use of warm forming is the lubricant. The upper limit of the operating temperature of the lubricating oil used for normal cold press molding is about 150 ° C., and it is difficult to apply it to warm molding at 200 ° C. or higher, further 250 to 300 ° C. This is because a decrease in the viscosity of the lubricating oil due to an increase in temperature, volatilization, smoke generation, scorching of the mold, and ignition are problems.

  Therefore, initially, water-based or oil-based lubricants using solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, graphite powder, boron nitride powder, ethylene tetrafluoride resin, mica, etc. are used for warm forming. It was. Furthermore, in order to improve the lubricity in the temperature range of warm forming, an aqueous solution of a saturated fatty acid soap, or a lubricant added with molybdenum disulfide or the like has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). .

  However, these solid lubricants have the disadvantage of low productivity because they require time for application (and drying) before warm molding and washing after warm molding.

  On the other hand, a lubricating oil mainly composed of a fatty acid polyol ester has been proposed as a warm-forming lubricating oil (for example, Patent Document 3). However, when this lubricating oil is compared with a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide, the formability is still inferior, and there is a large amount of smoke generated during continuous processing, so that it is not sufficient as a lubricating oil for warm forming aluminum alloy sheets.

  In addition, a number of high temperature lubricating oils have been proposed.

  Under such circumstances, a lubricating oil blended with polyalphaolefin has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 4), and has succeeded in obtaining moldability comparable to molybdenum disulfide. However, such lubricating oil is not excellent in degreasing properties. This is presumed to be due to the high viscosity, but details are not clear. In addition, degreasing here is degreasing requested | required after the press process in components manufacturing processes, such as a motor vehicle, and means getting wet after degreasing. Even when washed with an organic solvent such as kerosene or mineral seal oil, the lubricating oil is removed from the surface, but the organic solvent used for washing remains on the aluminum surface, so it does not get wet and does not achieve the purpose of degreasing. Further, such organic solvents cannot be used industrially due to the influence on the human body and the environment. In addition, there is a drawback in that productivity is inferior because there is a burning to the mold due to deterioration of the lubricating oil during continuous processing, an adverse effect on product dimensions and adhesion to the mold.

  A lubricating oil containing at least one selected from calcium sulfonate and nonvolatile compounds as a solid lubricant has been proposed (Patent Document 5). A lubricating oil containing a highly basic alkaline earth metal sulfonate has also been proposed (Patent Document 6). A lubricating oil containing barium sulfonate has also been proposed (Patent Document 7). Water-dispersed metal working oil has also been proposed as a lubricating oil (Patent Document 8). A water dispersion type hot forging lubricant containing a solid lubricant has also been proposed (Patent Document 9). A lubricating oil composed only of a polyhydric alcohol ester and a synthetic oil has also been proposed (Patent Document 10).

JP-A-7-62379 JP-A-8-73883 JP 2004-323563 A JP 2008-274256 A JP-A-2005-290187 JP 2006-188719 A (Registration No. 4094641) JP 2007-191609 A JP 2000-290678 A JP 2005-162983 A JP 2008-75059 A

Shinji Abe, Masakatsu Yoshida, “Double sink type warm forming of 5182 aluminum alloy sheet”, light metal, 1994, published by Japan Society of Light Metals, Vol. 44, No. 4, p. 240-245

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and is a lubricant for warm forming that is excellent in degreasing after continuous processing, low smoke generation during continuous processing, scoring resistance during continuous processing, and adhesiveness. It is an object of the present invention to provide an oil, an aluminum alloy plate coated with the lubricating oil, and a warm forming method using the alloy plate.

  The inventors of the present application have made an invention of lubricating oil characteristics that satisfy the required characteristics of degreasing, smoke generation, scorching to the mold, and adhesion at the same time, focusing on the improvement of degreasing properties. That is, first, the components that have both heat resistance and excellent degreasing properties are determined. Next, while satisfying these characteristics within the required level, the required level of smoke generation, scorch to the mold, and adhesiveness. Ingredients satisfied within were determined. The lubricating oil for warm forming of the aluminum alloy sheet of the present invention made based on such an idea includes 40 to 90% by mass, 1 to 50% by mass, and 0 to 50% by mass of a polyvalent ester, a synthetic oil, and a surfactant, respectively. It is characterized by containing 1-10 mass%.

  Based on the above findings, the summary is as follows.

(1) (a) a polyvalent ester that is at least one selected from fatty acid polyol esters and dicarboxylic acid polyol esters having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 500 mm ² / s and an iodine number of 0 to 120, and (b) poly A synthetic oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 4000 mm ² / s composed of at least one selected from an alpha olefin and an alkylnaphthalene, and (c) a fatty acid amide, a polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether, and a polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol And (a) is 40 to 90% by mass, and (b) when the total amount of components (a) + (b) + (c) is 100% by mass. 1 to 50% by mass, and (c) 0.1 to 15% by mass. Aluminum alloy sheet warm compaction lubricant, wherein the kinematic viscosity of 0-20 is iodinated with 15~400mm ² / s that.

(2) The aluminum alloy plate contains, by mass%, Mg: 2.0 to 8.0%, the balance is made of Al and inevitable impurities, and 0.01 g of the lubricating oil of (1) above is at least on one side. / ^{m 2} or more 3.5 g / ^{m 2} and less coating, warm compaction an aluminum alloy sheet.

(3) The aluminum alloy plate contains, by mass%, Mg: 0.2 to 2.0%, Si: 0.1 to 2.0%, and the balance is made of Al and unavoidable impurities. ) Is applied to at least one surface of 0.01 g / m ² or more and 3.5 g / m ² or less.

  (4) The aluminum alloy plate for warm forming, wherein the aluminum alloy plate of (2) or (3) above contains Cu: 2.0% or less by mass.

  (5) The temperature difference between the portion in contact with the die and wrinkle holding die and the portion in contact with the punch of the aluminum alloy plate according to (2) or (3) or (4) is 50 to 300 ° C. A warm forming method using an aluminum alloy plate.

  According to the present invention, a warm forming lubricant, an aluminum alloy plate coated with the same, and a warm forming method using the same can be easily degreased after processing, and can suppress smoke generation during continuous processing. In addition, it has excellent scoring resistance during continuous processing. As a result, it can be done in the same amount of time as conventional cold press forming, can reduce the adverse effects on the environment during continuous processing, and can prevent the occurrence of agglomerates on the mold. Will improve. In addition, the ease of degreasing facilitates the absorption of the lubricating oil into the adhesive, resulting in good adhesion. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to a steel sheet and used for forming so long as it is in a temperature range during warm forming of the aluminum alloy sheet.

  The present inventors have found that there is a correlation between the ease of degreasing and the absorption of the lubricating oil into the adhesive, and the lubricating oil with good degreasing has found good adhesion. According to the knowledge of the present inventors, it is presumed that the lubricating oil is easily absorbed into the adhesive due to the ease of degreasing and the like, and as a result, the adhesiveness is also improved.

It is a schematic cross section which shows 1 aspect of the warm forming method which can be used conveniently in this invention.

(Lubricant)
Lubricating oil of the present invention contains at least a polyvalent ester, a synthetic oil, and a surfactant, and has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 15 to 400 mm ² / s and an iodine alloy plate temperature of 0 to 20 Lubricating oil for molding.

Here, the polyvalent ester is at least one selected from fatty acid polyol esters and dicarboxylic acid polyol esters having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 500 mm ² / s iodine value of 0 to 120. The lubricating oil of the present invention contains 40 to 90% by mass of the polyvalent ester when the total amount of the polyvalent ester, synthetic oil and surfactant is 100% by mass.

The synthetic oil is a synthetic oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 4000 mm ² / s composed of at least one selected from polyalphaolefin and alkylnaphthalene. The lubricating oil of the present invention contains 1 to 50% by mass of the synthetic oil when the total amount of the polyvalent ester, the synthetic oil and the surfactant is 100% by mass.

  The surfactant is at least one selected from surfactants containing fatty acid amides, polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ethers, and polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycols. The lubricating oil of the present invention contains 0.1 to 15% by mass of the surfactant when the total amount of the polyvalent ester, the synthetic oil and the surfactant is 100% by mass.

(Measuring method of kinematic viscosity)
In the present invention, the kinematic viscosity can be suitably measured by the following method. <Measurement method based on JIS K2283>
In the present invention, the kinematic viscosity can be measured under the following conditions according to JIS K2283 applying Hagen-Poiseuille's law.
Measuring instrument: Canon-Fenske viscometer (glass capillary viscometer) specified in JIS K2839
Measuring method: Each sample (lubricating oil) to be measured is injected into the Canon-Fenske viscometer. The viscometer containing the sample is immersed in a thermostat bath for a viscometer defined in JIS K2839, which is set in advance to a predetermined measurement temperature (40 ° C., etc .: a thermometer defined in JIS B7410). -Measure the outflow time required for each sample to flow naturally through the Fenceke viscometer. The kinematic viscosity is calculated using the data (outflow time) thus obtained and the viscometer constant using an equation according to JIS K2283.
Calibration method: The above viscometer is calibrated by using a standard solution for viscometer calibration specified in JIS Z8809.

(Iodine number measurement method)
In the present invention, the iodine value can be suitably measured by the following method. <Measurement method based on JIS K3331>
In the present invention, the iodine value can be measured under the following conditions in accordance with JIS K3331 to which the Wiis method is applied.
Measuring equipment: Erlenmeyer flask with a stopper as defined in JIS K3331, burette, total volume pipette Reagent: Cyclohexane, iodine monochloride solution, potassium iodide solution (100 g / l), sodium thiosulfate solution (0) as defined in JIS K3331 0.1 mol / l), starch solution (10 g / l)
Measuring method: Weigh a sample of the amount specified in JIS K3331 into an Erlenmeyer flask with a stopper to the order of 1 mg, and add about 10 ml of cyclohexane to dissolve the sample.
Add 25 ml of iodine monochloride solution with a pipette and shake.
Cap and place in the dark for 30 minutes at room temperature.
Add about 20 ml of potassium iodide solution (100 g / l) and about 100 ml of water and titrate with sodium thiosulfate solution (0.1 mol / l) solution. When the solution turns pale yellow, starch solution (10 g / l ) Add a few drops and titrate until the purple color disappears.
The iodine value is calculated from the data thus obtained using an equation according to JIS K3331.
The same method was used when the iodine value was 100 or more.

(Polyester)
The polyvalent ester which is at least one selected from a fatty acid polyol ester and a dicarboxylic acid polyol ester having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 500 mm ² / s and an iodine value of 0 to 120 has a plurality of ester bonds as polar groups. Therefore, it has excellent adsorptivity to the aluminum alloy surface and uniform film formation. Further, since it has a molecular structure with high molecular flexibility, the molecular weight can be increased even with the same viscosity, and therefore, it has a property of high temperature viscosity index and pressure viscosity index. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the structural oil film thickness even under severe lubrication conditions under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Specifically, a sufficient oil film at 150 ° C. or higher, which is the temperature of the die and wrinkle holding mold Thickness and fluidity are ensured, and high molding performance can be obtained even with a high drawing ratio.

  In addition, since it has a molecular structure having a rigid hindered skeleton with low β hydrogen with low binding energy, it has excellent thermal stability and can prevent fuming and scorching on the mold at high temperatures. At the same time, polymerization due to thermal deterioration can be prevented and liquidity can be maintained as a property, so that it has excellent degreasing properties as a lubricating oil.

The polyvalent ester has an iodine value of 0 to 120, and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 500 mm ² / s. When the iodine value exceeds 120 or the kinematic viscosity is lower than 1 mm ² / s, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured and the warm formability is inferior, and when it is higher than 500 mm ² / s, degreasing is difficult. is there.

  The polyvalent ester is contained in an amount of 40 to 90 mass% when the total amount of the polyvalent ester, the synthetic oil, and the surfactant is 100 mass%. When the content is less than 40% by mass, a sufficient oil film cannot be ensured and the warm formability is inferior. When the content exceeds 90% by mass, the heat resistance is insufficient and low smoke generation and scorch resistance are obtained. Inferior.

  Compounds other than the above such as monoesters are not suitable because they are poor in oil film thickness, smoke generation, scorching on molds, and degreasing properties.

(Synthetic oil)
Synthetic oil is a compound characterized by high temperature viscosity index, high pressure viscosity index, and high thermal stability. A synthetic oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 4000 mm ² / s composed of at least one selected from a polyalphaolefin and an alkylnaphthalene can have a large molecular weight even at the same viscosity from the conformational position or the comb-shaped molecular structure. High temperature viscosity index and high pressure viscosity index. Therefore, a thick oil film can be maintained even under severe lubricating conditions under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

  In particular, when used in combination with a polyvalent ester, sufficient oil film thickness and fluidity at 150 ° C or higher, which is the temperature of the die and wrinkle holding mold, are ensured even under severe lubricating conditions under high temperature and high pressure. Even with a high drawing ratio, high molding performance can be obtained.

  Similarly, since it has a comb-like three-dimensionally bulky molecular structure and the molecular weight distribution is very narrow, the amount of low molecular weight components that are susceptible to thermal degradation is very small. Polymerization due to scorching on the mold and thermal deterioration can be prevented.

  Compounds other than the above, such as mineral oil, are not suitable because the maintenance of the oil film thickness, smoke generation, burning to the mold, and degreasing properties are poor.

  The said synthetic oil is contained 1-50 mass%. When the content is less than 1% by mass, a sufficient oil film cannot be ensured and the warm formability is inferior, and when it exceeds 50% by mass, degreasing is difficult.

The synthetic oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 4000 mm ² / s.

When the kinematic viscosity is lower than 1 mm ² / s, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured, and the warm formability is inferior. When the kinematic viscosity is higher than 4000 mm ² / s, degreasing is difficult.

(Surfactant)
A surfactant containing a fatty acid amide having high adsorption energy and high degreasing property and at least one selected from polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ethers having excellent degreasing properties and film thickening properties has a very strong polar group. Therefore, it is excellent in dispersibility and permeability in the lubricating oil containing the two components. Moreover, you may contain the polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether excellent in the outstanding degreasing property and film forming property. In the degreasing process, it is said that the degreasing mechanism that is usually performed is that the degreasing liquid component is mainly dispersed after penetrating into the lubricating oil, but the lubricating oil has high viscosity and excellent adsorptivity to the aluminum alloy plate. It takes time to degrease. However, since the surfactant has a very strong polar group, the lubricating oil component can be efficiently dispersed in the degreasing liquid, preventing re-adhesion, and a functional group adjacent to the polar group. Since it is branched, it is particularly excellent in dispersibility and permeability, so that the permeability of the degreasing liquid into the lubricating oil can be improved and the lubricating oil component can be efficiently separated from the aluminum alloy plate surface. .

  At the same time, since the surfactant has a hydrophobic group, it is sufficiently compatible with the lubricating oil component. Due to the branched structure of the functional group adjacent to the polar group, it has excellent heat resistance and excellent affinity to the aluminum alloy plate surface, so the structural oil film thickness of the lubricating oil component can be maintained, fuming, scorching on the mold, heat Does not adversely affect deterioration.

  With compounds other than the above, sufficient dispersibility and penetrability in lubricating oil cannot be obtained, and the degreasing property is poor.

  The surfactant is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by mass. When the content is less than 0.1% by mass, degreasing is difficult, and when it exceeds 15% by mass, the warm formability is poor.

(Lubricant characteristics)
A lubricating oil containing these components and having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 15 to 400 mm ² / s and an iodine value of 0 to 20 can improve the degreasing property after molding, which cannot be achieved so far, and manufacture parts such as automobiles. In the degreasing line of a process, it can be easily used together with a steel plate press product without changing the line equipment and time setting.

The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is important as an index as a lubricating oil characteristic indicating whether the structural oil film thickness can be maintained, and is 15 to 400 mm ² / s as the lubricating oil.

When the kinematic viscosity is lower than 15 mm ² / s, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured, and the warm formability is inferior. When it is higher than 400 mm ² / s, degreasing is difficult.

  In addition, iodine value is important as an index of thermal stability as an index of lubricating oil characteristics indicating whether it emits smoke at high temperatures, burns to the mold, thermal deterioration, or does not polymerize. 0-20.

  When the iodination is higher than 20, the oil agent is formed into a film (polymerized) at the time of warm molding, and degreasing is difficult.

(Warm forming)
As shown in FIG. 1, the warm forming is a forming method in which the flange 1 of the aluminum alloy plate 3 is heated with a high-temperature die 4 and a wrinkle holding die 2 to keep the punch 1 at a low temperature. In this molding method, a temperature difference is generated between materials due to a temperature difference of a mold, and a high moldability is obtained by utilizing a strength difference in the material due to the temperature difference. That is, the flange portion of the material that is in contact with the die 4 and the wrinkle retainer 2 becomes hot and easily deforms, and the inflow resistance of the deep drawing decreases. On the other hand, since the material portion in contact with the punch is at a lower temperature than the flange portion, its strength is higher than that of the flange portion in the high temperature portion, and the flow input of deep drawing increases due to such a strength difference. With such a mechanism, warm formability is higher than cold formability. However, the performance of the lubricating oil is also important for obtaining high formability by warm forming.

(Warm forming method)
The present invention is an aluminum alloy sheet warm forming lubricant (hereinafter referred to as “lubricating oil”) having the same workability as that of a conventional cold press forming lubricant and the same lubricating performance as that of a solid lubricant for warm forming. , Also referred to as the lubricating oil of the present invention), an aluminum alloy plate coated therewith (hereinafter also referred to as the aluminum alloy of the present invention), and an aluminum alloy plate warm forming method using the same (hereinafter referred to as the present invention). It is also called a molding method. Since the lubricating oil of the present invention requires the time required for coating and cleaning (degreasing) to be equivalent to cold press molding, the molding method of the present invention is excellent in productivity.

(How to apply lubricant)
The lubricating oil of the present invention may be applied to one or both of the front and back surfaces of the aluminum alloy plate before being heated to 150 to 300 ° C., or may be applied after heating. Application of the lubricating oil before and after heating can be performed by a general method, for example, electrostatic coating, roll coater coating, spray coating, dipping, or brush coating. If the lower limit is 0.01 g / m ² or more, the lubricating performance can be ensured.

  When a part molded by a warm press is applied to a transportation device such as an automobile, painting or the like is often performed after molding. Therefore, before performing surface treatment such as painting, it is necessary to degrease the molded product to ensure sufficient water wettability. Unlike the solid lubricant, the lubricating oil of the present invention can ensure sufficient water wettability by degreasing by a general degreasing method such as alkali degreasing.

  According to the study by the present inventors, even when the lubricating oil of the present invention is applied to an aluminum alloy plate and warm-formed, even if it is applied to a mold heated to 150 to 300 ° C., it evaporates into the mold. There was a low possibility of scorching and spontaneous ignition, and a form having sufficient viscosity as a lubricating oil was maintained. Conventionally, general-purpose press oil, that is, press oil used in a cold press, causes spontaneous ignition and scorching to the mold in this temperature range, and the lubricity necessary for molding cannot be obtained. It could not be used for inter-forming.

  Hereinafter, the lubricating oil, aluminum alloy, and molding method of the present invention will be described in more detail.

(Polyester)
A polyvalent ester is a compound having two or more ester bonds, a reaction product of a polyol and a carboxylic acid, characterized by high thermal stability and a low friction coefficient.

  It is a reaction product of a polyol and at least one selected from fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids.

  Polyols include glycerin, neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, trimethylol pentane, trimethylol hexane, trimethylol heptane, ditrimethylol propane, tritrimethylol propane, tetratrimethylol propane, erythritol, penta. Erythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, tetrapentaerythritol, pentapentaerythritol, etc.

  Examples of fatty acids include caproic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, isopelargonic acid, capric acid, isocacapric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, laurolenic acid, tridecanoic acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, myristic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid , Palmitoleic acid, margaric acid, heptadecenoic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, ricinolenic acid, linolenic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, etc.

  Examples of the dicarboxylic acid include adipic acid and sebacic acid.

The polyvalent ester has an iodine value of 0 to 120 and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 500 mm ² / s.

  When the iodine value exceeds 120, degreasing is difficult. The iodine value is preferably 0 to 100, more preferably 0 to 70, still more preferably 0 to 35, and the optimum range is 0 to 20.

When the kinematic viscosity is lower than 1 mm ² / s, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured, and the warm formability is inferior, and when it is higher than 500 mm ² / s, degreasing is difficult. Preferably, the kinematic viscosity 1~400mm ² / s, more preferably at 40 ° C., more preferably ^{10~250mm 2 / s, 20~100mm 2 /} s, the optimal range is 20 to 50 mm ² / s.

   The polyvalent ester is contained in an amount of 40 to 90% by mass when the sum of the polyvalent ester, the synthetic oil, and the surfactant is 100% by mass.

  When the content is less than 40% by mass, a sufficient oil film cannot be ensured and the warm formability is inferior. When the content exceeds 90% by mass, the heat resistance is insufficient and low smoke generation and scorch resistance are obtained. Inferior. Preferably, it is 50-70 mass%, More preferably, it is 52-69 mass%, More preferably, it is 53-69 mass%, and the optimal range is 65-69 mass%.

(Synthetic oil)
Synthetic oil is a compound characterized by high temperature viscosity index, high pressure viscosity index, and high thermal stability.

  It is at least one selected from polyalphaolefin and alkylnaphthalene.

  The polyalphaolefin is at least one reaction selected from 1-butene, 2-methylpropylene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, and 1-octadecene. Product.

  As the alkylnaphthalene, at least one selected from 1-butene, 2-methylpropylene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, naphthalene, The reaction product of

Synthetic oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 4000 mm ² / s.

When the kinematic viscosity is lower than 1 mm ² / s, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured, and the warm formability is inferior. When the kinematic viscosity is higher than 4000 mm ² / s, degreasing is difficult.

Preferably, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 10 to 3500 mm ² / s, more preferably 10 to 1500 mm ² / s, still more preferably 15 to 500 mm ² / s, and the optimal range is 20 to 100 mm ² / s. is there.

       The synthetic oil is contained in an amount of 1 to 50% by mass when the total amount of the polyvalent ester, the synthetic oil and the surfactant is 100% by mass.

  When the content is less than 1% by mass, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured, and the warm formability is inferior. When the content exceeds 50% by mass, degreasing is difficult.

  Preferably, it is 20-40 mass%, More preferably, it is 22-36 mass%, More preferably, it is 25-33 mass%, and the optimal range is 28-32 mass%.

(Surfactant)
Surfactants are compounds that have excellent penetrability and dispersibility in lubricating oils and degreasing agents.

It is at least one selected from surfactants including polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether, fatty acid amide and polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol .

Examples of the polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether include compounds having a branched alkyl group having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and an ethylene oxide addition number of 2 to 20, and at least one selected from them. Preferably, the alkyl group is a branched type having 10 to 14 carbon atoms and the addition number of ethylene oxide is 2 to 20, more preferably, the alkyl group is a branched type having 12 to 14 carbon atoms and the addition number of ethylene oxide is 2. A compound having an alkyl group of 12 to 14 carbon atoms and an ethylene oxide addition number of 4 to 16, most preferably a branched group having an alkyl group of 12 to 14 carbon atoms. It is a compound having 5 to 15 ethylene oxide additions.

  As the fatty acid amide, a fatty acid and an alkanolamine are reaction products.

  As fatty acids, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, myristoleic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, margaric acid, heptadecenic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, ricinolenic acid, Linolenic acid and the like can be mentioned, and at least one selected from them. Preferably, it is at least one selected from lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, myristoleic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, margaric acid, heptadecenoic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, and oleic acid, more preferably Is at least one selected from lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, heptadecenoic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, more preferably lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, It is at least one selected from isostearic acid and oleic acid, and the optimum range is at least one selected from lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, and oleic acid.

  Examples of the alkanolamine include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, ethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, aminoethanol, 3-amino-1-propanol, N-ethylaminoethanol, N-butylethanolamine, N-methylisopropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol, dipropanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, morpholine, And at least one selected from them. Preferably, it is at least one selected from monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, more preferably monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, At least one selected from triethanolamine, isopropanolamine and dipropanolamine, more preferably at least one selected from monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and dipropanolamine, and the optimum range is diethanolamine , At least one selected from triethanolamine. As polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol copolymer (pluronic block type), polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol copolymer (pluronic reverse type), polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol copolymer (pluronic random) Type) and the like, and at least one selected from them. Preferably, the compound having a hydrophobic group molecular weight of 2000 to 7000 and ethylene oxide% of 1 to 60, more preferably a compound having a hydrophobic group molecular weight of 3000 to 6000 and ethylene oxide% of 5 to 40, more preferably a hydrophobic group molecular weight Is a compound having an ethylene oxide% of 5 to 30 and an optimum range is a compound having a hydrophobic group molecular weight of 3000 to 4500 and an ethylene oxide% of 5 to 15.

  In the lubricating oil of the present invention, the surfactant which is at least one selected from a surfactant containing a fatty acid amide and a polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether has a total amount of 100 masses of a polyvalent ester, a synthetic oil and a surfactant. %, 0.1 to 15% by mass is included. When the content is less than 0.1% by mass, degreasing is difficult, and when it exceeds 15% by mass, the warm formability is poor. The content of the surfactant is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5.5%, still more preferably 1.0 to 4.5%, and the optimum range is 1 .5 to 3.5%.

(Additive)
Various other additives may be added to the lubricating oil of the present invention as necessary.

  Although not particularly limited, antioxidants, discoloration inhibitors, peroxide decomposers, ultraviolet absorbers, extreme pressure additives, rust preventives, inorganic salts, organic solvents, antifoaming agents, antiseptics, anticorrosives, and fragrances At least one selected from those blended in ordinary lubricating oils such as dyes, mineral oils, polyvalent esters, synthetic oils and surfactants can be added depending on the situation.

  Preferably, as the antioxidant, BHT (2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol), butylhydroxyanisole, 2,2-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol) phenyl-β- Naphthylamine, α-naphthylamine, N, N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediaminedilaurylthiodipropionate, distearylthiopropionate, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole tridecyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, trilauryl trithiophosphite And pentaerythritol tetrakis (3- (3.5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate), N-phenylbenzene and amine-2.4.4-trimethylpentene reactant, and the like. At least one It is a seed.

  Examples of the discoloration preventing agent include benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, and the like, and at least one selected from them.

  Extreme pressure additives include polyoxyethylene oleyl phosphate, polyoxyethylene isostearyl phosphate, Sanflick FM-2 (Sanyo Kasei), zinc diocyrate (ZDTP), alkylamine borate, tricresyl phosphate Examples include amine salt of 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate, trioleyl phosphate, trilauryl trithiophosphate, sulfurized fat, sulfurized olefin, sulfurized lard, polysulfide, and the like, and at least one selected from them.

  Examples of the mineral oil include naphthenic mineral oil and paraffinic mineral oil, and at least one selected from them. The polyvalent ester is a reaction product of a polyol and a carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid is not particularly limited, and specific examples include aromatic carboxylic acid, oxocarboxylic acid, tricarboxylic acid, amino acid, and the like, and at least one selected from them.

  The synthetic oil is not particularly limited, and specifically, polymethacrylate, ethylene propylene copolymer, styrene butadiene copolymer, styrene isoprene copolymer, styrene butadiene copolymer hydride, styrene isoprene copolymer hydrogen. Compound, divinylbenzene isoprene copolymer, styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, polyalkylstyrene, alkylbenzene, polyisobutylene, polybutene and the like, and at least one selected from them.

  Although it does not specifically limit as surfactant, Specifically, it is at least 1 sort (s) chosen from anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant, and nonionic surfactant. Anionic surfactants include carboxylates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether carboxylates, sulfate esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonates, sulfated oils, sulfated fatty acid esters, sulfated olefins, sulfonates, Alkylbenzene sulfonate, alpha olefin sulfonate, amidoalkyl sulfonate (Igepon T type), dialkyl sulfosuccinate (aerosol OT type), phosphate ester salt, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether phosphate ester salt, polyoxy Ethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester salt, dithiophosphate ester salt, etc. are mentioned. Examples of the cationic surfactant include alkylamine salts, alkylamine ethylene oxide adducts, solomin A type, sapamin A type, archobel A type, imidazoline type, alkyl ammonium salts, pyridinium salts, and the like. Examples of zwitterionic surfactants include amino acid type and betaine type, and nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol copolymer (pluronic block type), polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol copolymer ( Pluronic type reverse type), polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycol copolymer (pluronic type random type), polypropylene glycol ethylene oxide adduct, glycerin fatty acid ester, pentaerythlit fatty acid ester, sorbit fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester ethylene Oxide adduct, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether Fatty acid alkylene alkylene oxide adducts, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester alkylene oxide adducts, higher alkyl amine alkylene oxide adducts, fatty acid amide ethylene alkylene oxide adducts, polyalkylene glycols, etc., and at least one selected from them is there. Here, “polyoxyalkylene” means polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polyoxyisopropylene, polyoxybutylene, polyoxy1,2-butylene, polyoxy2,3-butylene, polyoxypentylene, polyoxy Examples include octylene, and at least one selected from them. Here, the “salt” includes at least one selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, organic amines, and the like.

  The total amount of the various additives described above is 0 to 20% by mass (that is, various components (a) polyvalent ester + (b) synthetic oil + (c) the total amount of surfactant is 100%) The total amount of additives is preferably 20% by mass or less), more preferably 15% by mass or less, still more preferably 10% by mass or less, and the optimum range is 5% by mass or less.

  If the content of various additives exceeds 20% by mass, the warm formability may be inferior.

(Lubricant characteristics)
A lubricating oil containing these components and having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 15 to 400 mm ² / s and an iodine value of 0 to 20 can improve the degreasing property after molding, which cannot be achieved so far, and manufacture parts such as automobiles. In the degreasing line of a process, it can be easily used together with a steel plate press product without changing the line equipment and time setting.

The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is important as an index as a lubricating oil characteristic indicating whether the structural oil film thickness can be maintained, and is 15 to 400 mm ² / s as the lubricating oil. Preferably, 15~200mm ² / s, more preferably, 20 to 150 mm ² / s, more preferably, 25 to 100 mm ² / s, the optimum range is 25-50 mm ² / s.
When the kinematic viscosity is lower than 15 mm ² / s, a sufficient oil film cannot be secured, and the warm formability is inferior. When it is higher than 400 mm ² / s, degreasing is difficult.
In addition, iodine value is important as an index of thermal stability as an index of lubricating oil characteristics indicating whether it emits smoke at high temperatures, burns to the mold, thermal deterioration, or does not polymerize. 0-20. Preferably, it is 18 or less, more preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, and the optimum range is 3 or less.

  When the iodination is higher than 20, the oil agent is formed into a film (polymerized) at the time of warm molding, and degreasing is difficult.

(Aluminum alloy plate)
Next, the aluminum alloy plate of the present invention will be described.

  An Al—Mg alloy and an Al—Mg—Si alloy are suitable for the material of the aluminum alloy plate of the present invention.

  In the Al-Mg alloy, the addition amount of Mg is preferably 2.0% or more. High intensity | strength is acquired as it is 2.0% or more. On the other hand, if Mg is added in excess of 8%, hot workability may be deteriorated, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost. In the case of an Al—Mg alloy, Si needs to be less than 0.1%. When it exceeds 0.1%, it has characteristics as an Al—Mg—Si alloy.

  In an Al—Mg—Si based alloy, high strength can be obtained by Mg and Si precipitates and cluster formation. In order to obtain the required strength, the lower limit amounts are 0.2% and 0.1% for Mg and Si, respectively. On the other hand, excessive addition causes deterioration of ductility and increases production cost. Therefore, the upper limit of the addition amount of both Mg and Si should be 2.0%.

  In the above-described alloy, Cu may be added as necessary. Cu contributes to an increase in strength, but excessive addition deteriorates formability through formation of a starting point of fracture. Therefore, Cu limits the addition amount to 2.0% or less. On the other hand, the lower limit is determined by the amount that exhibits the effect of improving the formability, and is 0.3% or more.

  Fe may be added to these Al—Mg alloys and Al—Mg—Si alloys. Fe is mixed from the melted raw material, and Fe contained as impurities generates a crystallized product. While this becomes a nucleus of recrystallization, when it is added in excess of 0.9%, it becomes a starting point of fracture and deteriorates formability and bending workability. Therefore, the addition amount is set to 0.9% or less.

  In addition, Mn, Cr, Zr, and V may be added. These transition elements have the effect of generating dispersed particles during the homogenization heat treatment and suppressing grain boundary migration after recrystallization. However, when a large amount is added, an intermetallic compound part is formed, which becomes a starting point of fracture in warm forming or bending, and deteriorates these characteristics. Accordingly, when Mn is added, the addition amount is 0.9% or less, Cr is 0.25% or less, Zr is 0.25% or less, and Ti is 0.9% or less.

(Aluminum alloy manufacturing method)
Next, the manufacturing method of the said aluminum alloy is demonstrated. An aluminum alloy for warm forming needs to have sufficient strength and ductility.

  The ingots of the Al—Mg—Si alloy and Al—Mg alloy having the above-described composition are subjected to homogenization heat treatment, hot rolling, and cold rolling, followed by solution heat treatment and quenching treatment. These steps are the same as in the conventional method. Note that one or more heat treatments may be performed during the cold rolling, or the hot-rolled sheet may be heat treated after the hot rolling. Further, when the molded article does not require sufficient strength, ductility, and recrystallized grains, a cold rolled material may be used.

  First, in the melting and casting process, a conventional melting and casting method such as a continuous casting and rolling method or a semi-continuous casting method (DC casting method) is selectively performed on the molten alloy.

  The next homogenization heat treatment is aimed at homogenizing the material. The main purpose of the homogenizing heat treatment is to eliminate segregation of additive elements. For this purpose, a heat treatment at a temperature of 460 ° C. or higher and a melting point or lower is necessary as a sufficient heat treatment. Although the heat treatment time depends on the amount of added elements, it is sufficient if it is 20 minutes or longer and 8 hours or shorter within the above temperature range. If it is shorter than 20 minutes, it is difficult to eliminate segregation. On the other hand, if it is 8 hours or longer, the process cost becomes high.

  In the subsequent hot rolling, it is necessary to set a starting temperature, which should be 450 ° C. or higher. At temperatures below 450 ° C., the frequency of recrystallization during hot rolling decreases sharply, which increases the possibility of non-recrystallization in the final product. Preferably, if the starting temperature is 500 ° C. or higher, there is almost no fear of non-recrystallization. The final thickness is not particularly limited and is preferably 5 mm or less from the viewpoint of the ease of the subsequent cold rolling process.

  In order to obtain reliable recrystallization, the hot-rolled sheet may be annealed before cold rolling. In that case, 20 minutes or more is sufficient at a temperature of 400 ° C. or higher, but annealing for a long time is a disadvantage of increasing the production cost. Further, in consideration of the entire manufacturing cost, this hot-rolled sheet annealing may be omitted.

  Subsequent cold rolling may be performed by a conventional method until cold to a desired thickness.

  Further, as in the case of hot-rolled sheet annealing, one or more heat treatments may be performed during the cold rolling in order to obtain reliable recrystallization. As the conditions at this time, since the plate thickness is reduced by hot rolling, holding for 30 seconds or more at a temperature of 500 ° C. or higher and a melting point or lower is sufficient for both the coil and the plate. Similarly, annealing for a longer time is not preferable because it increases the manufacturing cost.

  After the cold rolling, solution heat treatment is performed. In the case of an Al—Mg—Si based alloy, it is necessary to form precipitates and clusters of Mg and Si in order to obtain strength and ductility. In order to form these, supersaturated solid solution Mg is formed by solution heat treatment. And solute Si must be formed. For that purpose, first, it is necessary to hold the cold rolled sheet at a temperature of 500 ° C. or higher and a melting point or lower for 30 seconds or longer. If the holding temperature is less than 30 seconds, even if the temperature is less than 500 ° C. or more than 500 ° C., supersaturated solid solution Mg and solid solution Si cannot be obtained reliably. The upper limit of the holding time is not particularly limited and may be within a time during which the manufacturing cost does not increase. Further, it is not necessary to set the temperature rising rate up to a predetermined temperature. The reason is that the supersaturated Mg and solute Si amounts are determined by the holding temperature and holding time even if the rate of temperature rise is changed. Next, after holding, it is necessary to cool to 80 ° C. or less at a cooling rate of 50 ° C./min or more. If the retention time at a temperature exceeding 80 ° C. is secured after securing the supersaturated solid solution Mg and the solid solution Si, the solid solution Si is consumed by the supersaturated solid solution Mg for the formation of precipitates other than desired. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to cool to 80 ° C. or less at a cooling rate of 50 ° C./min or more.

  Finally, after cooling to 80 ° C. or lower, a heat treatment may be performed within 24 hours after cooling and holding for 2 hours to 10 hours within a temperature range of 60 ° C. to 180 ° C. This heat treatment is necessary when the alloy needs strength after heat treatment by paint baking. In this heat treatment, precipitates, precipitate nuclei, and clusters are formed which are necessary for the strength after paint baking. The heat treatment temperature range and holding time necessary for these formations are as described above, and when cooled to less than 60 ° C. after solution heat treatment, the alloy is heated to within the temperature range within 24 hours and held for the holding time. There is a need. The cooling rate after holding need not be specified, and the heat treatment may be a coil or a plate.

(How to apply lubricant)
The above-described lubricating oil is applied to at least one surface of 3.5 g / m ² or less on the alloy thus manufactured. The applied aluminum alloy enables warm forming that exhibits high formability. However, when the coating amount exceeds 3.5 g / m ² , the stacked plate materials adsorb, causing difficulty in handling. Therefore, the upper limit of the coating amount is 3.5 g / m ² . On the other hand, the lower limit of the coating amount is 0.01 g / m ² , and if it is less than this, lubricating performance at a sufficiently high temperature will not be exhibited. Accordingly, it is necessary to apply 0.01 g / m ² or more. The coating method is not particularly limited, and there is no problem whether it is electrostatic coating or roll coater, and the coating amount may be 0.01 g / m ² or more and 3.5 g / m ² or less as an average of the plate material. In this case, sufficient lubrication performance in warm forming is exhibited.

(Molding method)
Next, the molding method of the present invention will be described.

  The warm forming using the above-described aluminum alloy plate is performed by lowering the temperature of the punch than the temperature of the die and the wrinkle presser. The greater the temperature difference, the greater the strength difference in the material, thereby improving deep drawability. The necessary temperature difference between the die and the crease holder and the punch is 50 to 300 ° C. If it is less than 50 degreeC, sufficient intensity | strength difference will not express in a material. In addition, in order to obtain a temperature difference exceeding 300 ° C., a significant equipment cost is required, which is industrially disadvantageous. The heating method may be an electric heater or a method using another heat medium, and is not particularly limited.

  In addition, since the fall of the deformation resistance of a flange part is inadequate if the heating temperature of a die | dye and a wrinkle pressing die is less than 150 degreeC, let the minimum of these temperatures be 150 degreeC or more. Since the deformation resistance of the flange portion decreases with an increase in the heating temperature of the die and wrinkle holding mold, it is preferably set to 200 ° C. or higher, and the range of 250 to 300 ° C. is the optimum range.

  Further, in order to increase the temperature difference between the temperature of the material in contact with the punch and the temperature of the material in contact with the die and the wrinkle holding mold, it is preferable to provide a pipe in the punch and cool it by water cooling. In addition, the cooling water of a punch may be 30 degrees C or less, and cooling is possible at the temperature of normal tap water. The punch temperature is preferably as low as possible, and if it is 10 ° C. or less, the moldability becomes extremely good.

  Here, in order to cool the punch, it is preferable to connect a pipe provided in the punch to a cooling device and circulate a temperature-controlled refrigerant. When a refrigerant and a cooling device are used, a practical range is −50 ° C. or higher in consideration of piping and the like, and a range of −30 to 0 ° C. is optimal. In order to efficiently cool the punch, the refrigerant is preferably an aqueous ethylene glycol solution. As the refrigerant, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, or organic halogen compounds such as methylene chloride may be used. The water cooling device for cooling the refrigerant is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose device may be used. In order to promote cooling of the punch shoulder portion, a counter punch opposite to the punch may be provided, and in this case, it is preferable to provide the counter punch with water cooling means to cool to the same temperature as the punch.

  Further, the temperature difference between the temperature of the material in contact with the punch and the temperature of the material in contact with the die and the wrinkle holding die is smaller than the temperature difference between the die and the wrinkle holding die and the punch due to the heat conduction of the material. In order to obtain good moldability, as described above, the temperature difference between the material portion in contact with the die and the crease pressing die and the material portion in contact with the punch needs to be 50 ° C. or more. For this purpose, it is preferable that the temperature difference between the die and the crease pressing die and the punch itself is 90 ° C. or more. Thereby, it becomes possible to make the intensity difference of the part equivalent to the flange part and punch shoulder part of an aluminum alloy plate into an appropriate range, and press formability can be improved further.

(Suitable characteristics of lubricating oil)
The lubricating oil of the present invention preferably gives the following characteristics.
(1) LDR value: In the measurement method used in the examples described later (using “alloy A” in the examples), the LDR value is preferably 2.4 or more, more preferably 2.5 or more, and particularly 2. It is preferable that it is 6 or more.
(2) Degreasing property: In the measurement method used in the examples described later (using “alloy A” in the examples), the degreasing property is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, particularly 90% or more. Preferably there is.
(3) Smokeability: In the measurement method used in the examples described later (using “alloy A” in the examples), it is preferable that the smokeiness cannot be visually confirmed.

(Suitable properties of alloy plate)
The alloy plate of the present invention preferably gives the following characteristics.
(1) LDR value: In the measurement method used in the examples described later (using the lubricating oils of “Examples 19 to 60” in the examples), the LDR value is preferably 2.4 or more, and further 2. It is preferably 5 or more, particularly 2.6 or more.
(2) Degreasing: In the measuring method used in the examples described later (using the lubricating oils of “Examples 19 to 60” in the examples), the degreasing properties are preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. In particular, it is preferably 90% or more.
(3) Smoke emission: In the measurement method used in the examples described later (using the lubricating oils of “Examples 19 to 60” in the examples), it is preferable that the smoke emission cannot be visually confirmed.

(Suitable characteristics of warm forming method)
The warm forming method of the present invention preferably gives the following characteristics.
(1) LDR value: LDR value is preferably 2.4 or more in the measurement method used in the examples described later (the lubricating oils of “Alloy A” and “Examples 19 to 60” in the examples are used). Further, it is preferably 2.5 or more, particularly 2.6 or more.
(2) Degreasing: In the measuring method used in the examples described later (using the lubricating oils of “Alloy A” and “Examples 19 to 60” in the examples), the degreasing property is preferably 70% or more, Further, it is preferably 80% or more, particularly 90% or more.
(3) Smoke emission: It is preferable that the smoke emission characteristics cannot be visually confirmed in the measurement method used in the examples described later (the lubricating oils of “Alloy A” and “Examples 19 to 60” in the examples).

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of various lubricating oils and the LDR values obtained by degreasing and warm forming tests when using Alloy A (described in Table 2).

<Evaluation method for each physical property>
In the examples of the present invention, the following evaluation methods were used.

<Degreasing evaluation test>
In the degreasing evaluation test, a commercially available alkaline degreasing agent (FC-E2082 manufactured by Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd.) was used, and the mixture was boiled to a concentration of 2% while stirring with a stirrer. Then, the pH was adjusted to 11.0 with carbon dioxide gas. Further, a rust preventive lubricating oil (RP-75N manufactured by Yuken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in a 5000 ppm alkaline degreasing solution to obtain a deteriorated degreasing solution. An aluminum plate coated with 0.005 to 4 g / m ² lubricating oil by electrostatic coating is immersed in this degreasing solution for ² minutes, then spray-washed with tap water for 30 seconds, and water on the aluminum plate surface after 30 seconds of vertical holding. The alkali degreasing property was evaluated by the wet area. If water wettability is confirmed by visual observation at 70% or more, it is determined that there is no problem.

<Warm forming test>
In the warm forming test, a cylindrical punch with a diameter of 75 mm and a die with a diameter of 80 mm were used. The die was heated by electrothermal heating with a heater embedded in the mold, and the punch was heated by circulating cooled ethylene glycol water. In the test shown in Table 1, the punch temperature was set to 25 ° C., and the temperature of the die and wrinkle presser was set to 250 ° C.

<LDR value (limit aperture ratio)>
LDR is an evaluation value of deep drawing formability, which is a value obtained by dividing the diameter of the largest circular aluminum alloy plate that can be formed until drawing without breaking, by a punch diameter (here, 75 mm). If this value is large, the moldability is excellent, and LDR 2.4 or higher is required as an effect of improving the moldability by warm forming. In addition, the lubricating oil application amount in the warm forming test was adjusted to 0.005 to 4 g / m ² by electrostatic application, and BHF (wrinkle pressing load) was set to 1 t.

<Smokeability> Smokeability is determined by visual evaluation between two sides of alloy A held in a mold heated to 250 ° C. for 2 minutes with a lubricating oil of 0.005 to 4 g / m ² . Judgment was made. “X” is shown when a sufficient amount of smoke is confirmed visually, and “◯” is shown when it cannot be confirmed. After performing the above test 10 times, the oil adhering to the mold surface was quickly wiped off with a cloth, and the mold was cooled to room temperature. After cooling, when solid matter derived from a lubricating oil that can be confirmed visually or by palpation was confirmed on the mold surface, it was rated as “x” for scorching to the mold, and “◯” when not confirmed.

  In the table, No. In No. 1, no surfactant degreasing agent was added. 1 and No. 2 and No. 4 and no. 15 and No. 16 and no. In No. 17, the iodine value is outside the specified range. 3 and no. 7 and no. 9 and No. 10 and no. No. 18 is a component having an ester or synthetic oil content outside the range. 3 and no. No. 11 has a surfactant content outside the range. No. 6 is a synthetic oil with a kinematic viscosity outside the range. In 5, monoesters are used instead of polyvalent esters. No. Nos. 12 and 13 have an oil coating amount outside the range. Furthermore, no. 8 and no. 14, the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil is out of range. No. 3 and no. 5 and no. 9 and No. 12 and No. No. 14 1 to No. For 10 types up to 15, lubricating performance at high temperature is ensured. However, no. 1 to No. 8 and no. 10 to No. 11 and no. 13 and no. 15 and No. 16 and no. 17 and No. No. 20 is inferior in any one or more of degreasing property, fuming property, and scorching property. On the other hand, no. 9 and No. 12 and No. No. 14 is inferior in lubrication performance at high temperatures, although it is excellent in degreasing properties, smoke generation properties and scorching properties.

  Table 2 shows the components of the alloys used in this example.

  Alloys from A to F were produced by the following method. After casting by DC casting, these alloys were first held at 480 ° C. for 2 hours as a soaking treatment. The hot rolling start temperature is 500 ° C., and the finished plate thickness is 4 mm. Then, after cold rolling to 1 mm by cold rolling, heat treatment was performed by atmospheric heat treatment at 550 ° C. for 1 minute, and then cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 100 ° C./min or more by mist spraying. Alloys from G to K are manufactured by the above method until cold rolling, and then kept at 530 ° C. for 1 minute in an atmospheric furnace by solution heat treatment, and then cooled to 50 ° C. or less by mist spraying. Went. Immediately thereafter, holding was performed at 100 ° C. for 4 hours in an atmospheric furnace. After this heat treatment, the alloy was allowed to cool to room temperature.

  Table 3 shows the alloy of Table 2 with the lubricant No. LDR obtained by degreasing evaluation and warm forming when 1, 2, 29, 30 is used is shown.

The warm molding conditions at this time are the same as in Table 1, the punch temperature is 25 ° C., and the die and wrinkle holding temperature is 250 ° C. Also, the amount of lubricant applied is 1 g / m ² . The lubricating oil of the comparative example does not have excellent degreasing properties, and the comparative alloys E, F, J, and K do not provide sufficient formability even when warm forming is performed. In Alloy E, the amount of Mg is small, in Alloy F, the amount of Cu added is large, in Alloy J, the amount of Mg is small, and in Alloy K, the amount of Si is too large. In an alloy having a component less than the standard, a large strength difference due to a temperature difference does not appear in the material during warm forming. In addition, in an alloy having a component exceeding a specified value, the formation of an intermetallic compound or the like tends to cause breakage at a bending deformation portion or the like at the time of forming, resulting in a decrease in formability.

  Table 4 shows No. 1 in Table 1. When the alloy A in Table 2 is used with 29 lubricants, the LDR obtained when the temperature of the punch and the die during warm forming is changed is shown.

上記表において、潤滑油はＮｏ．３、合金はＡを使用

In the above table, the lubricating oil is No. 3. Alloy uses A

The lubricant application amount is 1 g / m ² . If the temperature conditions are not specified, a sufficient strength difference due to the temperature difference cannot be obtained in the material, and the moldability does not exceed 2.4.

1 punch 2 wrinkle retainer 3 aluminum alloy plate 4 dice

Claims (5)

(A) a polyvalent ester having an iodine value of 0 to 120, at least one selected from fatty acid polyol esters and dicarboxylic acid polyol esters having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 500 mm ² / s;
(B) a synthetic oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1 to 4000 mm ² / s, comprising at least one selected from polyalphaolefin and alkylnaphthalene;
(C) Lubricating oil containing at least a surfactant containing at least one selected from fatty acid amides, polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ethers and polyoxyethylene polypropylene glycols (however, the above quantitative ratio is the component (a) + ( When the total amount of b) + (c) is 100% by mass, (a) is 40 to 90% by mass, (b) is 1 to 50% by mass, and (c) is 0.1 to 15% by mass. And so on; and
An aluminum alloy sheet warm forming lubricating oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 15 to 400 mm ² / s and an iodine value of 0 to 20. The aluminum alloy plate contains Mg: 2.0 to 8.0% by mass and the balance is made of Al and inevitable impurities, and the lubricating oil according to claim 1 is at least 0.01 g / m ^{2 on} one side. An aluminum alloy plate for warm forming, which is applied in an amount of 3.5 g / m ² or less. The lubrication according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy plate contains, by mass%, Mg: 0.2 to 2.0%, Si: 0.1 to 2.0%, and the balance consisting of Al and inevitable impurities. An aluminum alloy plate for warm forming, on which at least one surface is coated with 0.01 g / m ² or more and 3.5 g / m ² or less of oil.   The aluminum alloy plate according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the aluminum alloy plate for warm forming contains Cu: 2.0% or less by mass%.   The aluminum alloy plate according to claim 2, wherein the temperature difference between the portion in contact with the die and wrinkle holding die and the portion in contact with the punch is 50 to 300 ° C. Warm forming method.

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