JP2012046585A - Apparatus for adjusting viscosity of fuel oil and apparatus for supplying fuel including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for adjusting viscosity of fuel oil, which can produce water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity by adjusting the amount of water to be added when the water is added to the fuel oil to emulsify the fuel oil.SOLUTION: The apparatus 11 for adjusting the viscosity of the fuel oil can produce the water emulsion fuel having the desired viscosity by adjusting the amount of water to be added to a first fuel oil when the water is added to the first fuel oil to emulsify the first fuel oil. The apparatus 11 includes: a second mass flow meter 25 that can measure the mass flow of the water emulsion fuel produced by adding the water to the first fuel oil; and a viscosity adjusting unit 22 that can adjust the amount of water added to the first fuel oil based on the measured mass flow CK obtained by measuring the mass flow by the second mass flow meter 25 to produce the water emulsion fuel having the desired target viscosity.

Description

  In the present invention, when water is added to the fuel oil to emulsify the fuel oil, the amount of the added water is adjusted so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired viscosity can be produced. The present invention relates to a viscosity adjusting device and a fuel supply device including the same.

  As a fuel oil viscosity adjusting device, a cooling type viscosity adjusting device capable of increasing the viscosity by cooling the fuel oil is conceivable.

  However, in order to increase the viscosity by cooling the fuel oil, a cooling type viscosity adjusting device is required, which requires the cost of this device, requires an installation space, and in addition, in order to cool the fuel oil In addition, a large amount of energy is consumed.

  Therefore, it is required to increase the viscosity of the fuel oil without cooling the fuel oil.

  Conventionally, there is an emulsion fuel combustion apparatus that can reduce the generation amount of dust and nitrogen oxides by mixing water with C heavy oil to make water emulsion fuel and using this water emulsion fuel (for example, , See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-250736

  When supplying fuel oil to equipment such as an internal combustion engine or boiler, when the viscosity of the fuel oil is smaller than the viscosity specified for the equipment, it is necessary to adjust the viscosity to a specified size. However, at present, there is only a means for increasing the viscosity by cooling the aforementioned fuel oil, and there is no other means.

  Therefore, when burning light fuel oil, for example gas oil, having a low viscosity in an internal combustion engine, boiler or other equipment, the fuel supply pump pressurizes the fuel oil to a predetermined pressure because of its low viscosity. May not be able to be supplied to equipment such as an internal combustion engine or a boiler at a flow rate of 1 to 5 mm. As a result, the fuel oil may not be burned satisfactorily in each of these devices.

  In addition, when trying to supply low viscosity fuel oil to equipment such as an internal combustion engine using a fuel supply pump, such low viscosity fuel oil does not contain a carbon component that functions as a lubricant. If used as fuel oil, the equipment may be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to add a lubricant to the fuel oil, and the cost is increased by the amount of the lubricant and the device for adding the lubricant, and maintenance is required.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. When water is added to fuel oil to emulsify the fuel oil, the amount of water to be added is adjusted to obtain a desired amount. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel oil viscosity adjusting device capable of producing a water emulsion fuel having a target viscosity, and a fuel supply device including the same.

  The viscosity adjusting apparatus for fuel oil according to the present invention adjusts the amount of water to be added to the fuel oil when emulsifying the fuel oil by adding water to the fuel oil. Is something that can be made.

  According to the fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, water is added to the fuel oil to emulsify the fuel oil. By adjusting the amount of water to be produced, it is possible to produce a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate for an apparatus such as an internal combustion engine or a boiler in which the water emulsion fuel is used as a fuel. This makes it possible to use a fuel oil that is not appropriate because of its low viscosity, and to make a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate, so that it can be used in each of the above devices.

  In the fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, a flow meter capable of measuring a mass flow rate of a water emulsion fuel made by adding water to the fuel oil, and a measurement obtained by measuring with the flow meter A viscosity adjusting unit capable of adjusting the amount of water added to the fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be produced based on the mass flow rate; can do.

  As described above, when the amount of water added to the fuel oil is adjusted by the viscosity adjusting unit based on the measured mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel obtained by the flow meter, the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel actually produced is adjusted. Can be brought close to or coincident with the desired target viscosity. As a result, the fuel oil that is not appropriate because of its low viscosity can be reliably changed to a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate for a device such as an internal combustion engine.

  In addition, based on the measured mass flow rate CK of the water emulsion fuel, as a method of adjusting the amount of water added to the fuel oil by the viscosity adjusting unit so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be made, for example, The difference CD (= CT-CK) between the target mass flow CT of the water emulsion fuel and the measured mass flow CK is corrected with the water emulsion fuel mixed at an appropriate ratio so that the difference CD becomes substantially zero. In addition, there is a method of adjusting the additional adjustment amount BD of water, whereby a water emulsion fuel having a target viscosity νT can be produced. Here, the additional adjustment amount BD of water for making the difference mass flow rate CD between the target mass flow rate CT of the water emulsion fuel and the measured mass flow rate CK zero is the kinematic viscosity of the known water emulsion fuel and the water emulsion fuel. From the relationship with the mass flow rate, it can be obtained, for example, by calculation or from previously stored data.

  In the fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a viscometer for measuring the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel produced by adjusting the amount of water added to the fuel oil by the viscosity adjusting unit. The adjusting unit adjusts the amount of water added to the fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be made based on the measured viscosity obtained by measuring with the viscometer. It can be a feature.

  As described above, when the amount of water added to the fuel oil is adjusted by the viscosity adjusting unit based on the measured viscosity of the water emulsion fuel obtained by measuring with the viscometer, the measured viscosity and the target viscosity are the same unit. Therefore, compared with the case where the amount of water added to the fuel oil is adjusted based on the measured mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel (when the measured mass flow rate and the target viscosity are not the same unit), The viscosity of the water emulsion fuel produced can be made closer to the target viscosity and can be matched. As a result, the fuel oil that is not appropriate because of its low viscosity can be reliably changed to a water emulsion fuel having a target viscosity that is appropriate for a device such as an internal combustion engine.

  As a method of adjusting the amount of water added to the fuel oil by the viscosity adjusting unit based on the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel, the difference νD (= νT−νK) between the target viscosity νT and the measured viscosity νK. There is a method of adjusting with an additional adjustment amount BD of water so that becomes substantially zero, whereby a water emulsion fuel having a target viscosity νT can be produced. Here, the addition adjustment amount BD of water for making the difference viscosity νD between the target viscosity νT and the measured viscosity νK zero is known as the kinematic viscosity and water addition rate of the water emulsion fuel (included in the water emulsion fuel). From the relationship with the water content (%) of water, it can be obtained, for example, by calculation or from previously stored data.

  Then, the viscosity adjusting unit can make a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity νT based on either the measured mass flow rate CK of the water emulsion fuel or the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel. The amount of water added to the fuel can be adjusted because the water added to the first fuel oil is added even when the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel is an allowable viscosity. This is to prevent the rate (%) from becoming an inappropriate value for combustion in a device such as an internal combustion engine. Therefore, the upper limit value of the water addition rate (%) can be stored in advance and set in the viscosity adjusting unit.

  In addition, the amount of water added to the fuel oil can be adjusted based on the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel. The water emulsion fuel actually supplied to equipment such as an internal combustion engine This is so that the viscosity of is within the allowable range.

  In the fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, a viscometer capable of measuring the viscosity of a water emulsion fuel produced by adding water to the fuel oil, and a measured viscosity obtained by measuring with the viscometer And a viscosity adjusting unit capable of adjusting the amount of water added to the fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be produced. Can do.

  In this way, when the amount of water added to the fuel oil is adjusted by the viscosity adjustment unit based on the measured viscosity of the water emulsion fuel obtained by measuring with a viscometer, the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel actually produced is adjusted. Can be brought close to or coincident with the desired target viscosity. As a result, the fuel oil that is not appropriate because of its low viscosity can be reliably changed to a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate for a device such as an internal combustion engine. Other than this, it operates in the same manner as the above invention.

  In the fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, water is added to the fuel oil by heating one or both of the fuel oil and water, or by heating the water emulsion fuel. A heating type viscosity adjusting device for adjusting the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel to be produced may be provided.

  According to the heating type viscosity adjusting device provided in the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device, the water emulsion fuel is heated by heating one or both of the fuel oil and water, or by heating the water emulsion fuel. Adjustments can be made to reduce the viscosity.

  Then, by controlling the water addition rate and temperature of the water emulsion fuel, it is possible to increase the water addition rate without increasing the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel so much. Thereby, the fuel consumption can be reduced.

  In the fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the fuel oil may be gas oil or naphtha.

  As described above, when gas oil or naphtha is used as the fuel oil, the viscosity of the gas oil or the like is small. Therefore, as it is, the fuel oil is pumped to a desired pressure using a fuel supply pump, and an internal combustion engine or the like at a desired flow rate. Although it is difficult to supply to the equipment, it is possible to increase the viscosity by emulsifying gas oil etc. by using the viscosity adjusting device of fuel oil, and this is made into this emulsion The water emulsion fuel can be pressurized to a desired pressure using a fuel supply pump and supplied to a device such as an internal combustion engine at a desired flow rate.

  The fuel supply device according to the present invention includes the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to the present invention, and the water emulsion fuel produced by adjusting the viscosity with the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device is obtained using a fuel supply pump. It can be supplied to an internal combustion engine or a boiler.

  According to the fuel supply device of the present invention, the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to the present invention is provided, so that the water emulsion fuel produced by adjusting the viscosity by the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device is used as the fuel supply pump. Can be pressurized to a desired pressure and supplied to a device such as an internal combustion engine or a boiler at a desired flow rate.

  According to the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device and the fuel supply device equipped with the same according to the present invention, for example, it is a fuel oil that is not appropriate due to its low viscosity to be used for equipment such as an internal combustion engine and a boiler. In addition, the water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate for such a device can be reconfigured so that it can be used in those devices.

  Therefore, a fuel oil (base oil) having a low viscosity can be remade into a water emulsion fuel having a higher viscosity, and this regenerated water emulsion fuel is pressurized to a predetermined pressure by, for example, a fuel supply pump. It can be supplied to devices such as internal combustion engines and boilers. Thereby, water emulsion fuel can be supplied to each of these devices at a required flow rate. As a result, fuel oil can be burned satisfactorily in each of these devices. In addition, when trying to supply fuel oil having a low viscosity to the equipment using the second fuel supply pump, it is necessary to add a lubricant. However, when the first fuel oil having a low viscosity is changed to a water emulsion fuel, By adding a surfactant, this surfactant can function as a lubricant. Therefore, damage such as seizure of the second fuel supply pump can be prevented without using a lubricant.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a fuel supply device including a fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the kinematic viscosity of gas oil and the temperature which are viscosity-adjusted with the same viscosity adjustment apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the kinematic viscosity of the water emulsion fuel by which the viscosity is adjusted by the same viscosity adjustment apparatus which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment, and a water addition rate. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the kinematic viscosity of the water emulsion fuel by which the viscosity adjustment is carried out by the same viscosity adjustment apparatus which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment, and the mass flow rate of a water emulsion fuel. It is a circuit diagram which shows a fuel supply apparatus provided with the viscosity adjustment apparatus of the fuel oil which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of the invention.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a fuel supply apparatus (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “fuel supply apparatus”) including a fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. To do. As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel supply device 12 adds water stored in a water tank 14 to first fuel oil (for example, gas oil) stored in a first fuel tank 13. A water emulsion fuel is produced, and this water emulsion fuel can be supplied to a diesel engine 15 connected to the fuel supply device 12.

  A fuel oil viscosity adjusting device (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “viscosity adjusting device”) 11 provided in the fuel supply device 12 adjusts the amount of water added to the first fuel oil. Makes it possible to produce a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel supply device 12 includes a first fuel tank 13, a first fuel supply pump 16, an emulsion generator 17, a second fuel supply pump 18, a water tank 14, a water addition device 19, and an additive tank. 20 and an additive supply pump 21.

  The viscosity adjusting device 11 includes a viscosity adjusting unit 22, a first flow meter 23, a first viscometer 24, a second mass flow meter 25, and a second viscometer 26.

  The first fuel tank 13 can store the first fuel oil. This first fuel oil is, for example, a gas oil having a low viscosity. This gas oil is, for example, DMA or DMB classified as ISO distillate.

  The first fuel supply pump 16 is capable of supplying the first fuel oil in the first fuel tank 13 to the emulsion generator 17. The first fuel supply pump 16 is provided in the middle of a fuel supply line 27 (pipe) that connects the outlet of the first fuel tank 13 and the inlet of the emulsion generator 17. The first fuel supply pump 16 is driven by an electric motor (not shown).

  The water tank 14 can store water, and a water addition device 19 is connected to the outlet of the water tank 14.

  The water addition device 19 includes a water supply pump, and can supply water in the water tank 14 to the emulsion generator 17. An outlet of the water tank 14 and an inlet of the emulsion generator 17 are connected to each other. It is provided in the middle of the water supply line 28 (piping) to be connected. The water supply pump is driven by an electric motor (not shown).

  The additive tank 20 can store an additive such as a surfactant, for example, and an additive supply pump 21 is connected to an outlet of the additive tank 20.

  The additive supply pump 21 can supply the additive (surfactant) in the additive tank 20 to the emulsion generator 17, and is provided at the outlet of the additive tank 20 and in the middle of the water supply line 28. Are provided in the middle of an additive supply line 29 (piping). The additive supply pump 21 is driven by an electric motor (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the junction 31 between the fuel supply line 27 and the water supply line 28 is provided in the middle of the fuel supply line 27 and between the first viscometer 24 and the emulsion generator 17. It has been.

  A junction 32 between the water supply line 28 and the additive supply line 29 is provided in the middle of the water supply line 28 and between the water addition device 19 and the junction 31.

  The emulsion generator 17 is a mixer, and mixes the first fuel oil supplied by the first fuel supply pump 16 and the water supplied by the water addition device 19 and agitates the water emulsion fuel. Is something that can be made. The water emulsion fuel produced by the emulsion generator 17 is supplied to a second fuel supply pump 18 provided downstream of the emulsion generator 17.

  The second fuel supply pump 18 is capable of increasing the pressure of fuel such as water emulsion fuel in the fuel pressurization supply line 30 (piping) to a predetermined pressure and supplying the increased fuel to the diesel engine 15. The second fuel supply pump 18 is driven by an electric motor (not shown).

  And as shown in FIG. 1, the fuel pressurization supply line 30 is a circulation line which can circulate by flowing a fuel in a predetermined direction. That is, when fuel such as water emulsion fuel is consumed in the diesel engine 15, fuel such as water emulsion fuel circulating in the circulation line is supplied to the diesel engine 15. Then, in order to supplement the fuel consumed in the diesel engine 15, the first fuel oil is supplied to the circulation line by the first fuel supply pump 16, and the water is supplied by the water addition device 19 through the emulsion generator 17. Supplied to the circulation line.

  The diesel engine 15 (internal combustion engine) is a fixed or moving diesel engine. In this embodiment, the diesel engine 15 is a marine diesel engine.

  Next, the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device 11 will be described with reference to FIG. The viscosity adjusting device 11 includes a first flow meter 23, a first viscometer 24, a second mass flow meter 25, a second viscometer 26, and a viscosity adjusting unit 22.

  The first flow meter 23 is, for example, a volume flow meter, and is provided in the middle of the fuel supply line 27 and downstream of the first fuel supply pump 16. The first flow meter 23 is capable of measuring the volume flow rate of the first fuel oil that is discharged from the first fuel supply pump 16 and flows through the fuel supply line 27. Then, the measured volume flow rate obtained by measurement is input to the viscosity adjusting unit 22.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the first viscometer 24 is provided in the middle of the fuel supply line 27 and downstream of the first flow meter 23. The first viscometer 24 can measure the viscosity (for example, kinematic viscosity) of various fuel oils including the first fuel oil flowing through the fuel supply line 27. The measured viscosity obtained by the measurement is Input to the viscosity adjusting unit 22. Based on this measured viscosity, the viscosity adjusting unit 22 is whether the fuel oil flowing through the fuel supply line 27 is gas oil, other oil such as C heavy oil, or a state in which they are mixed. And the measured viscosity can be displayed on a display unit (not shown).

  The second mass flow meter 25 is, for example, a Coriolis type mass flow meter, and is provided in the middle of the fuel pressurization supply line 30 and downstream of the emulsion generator 17. The second mass flow meter 25 is capable of measuring the mass flow rate of fuel such as water emulsion fuel that flows out of the emulsion generator 17 and flows through the fuel pressurization supply line 30. The measured mass flow rate obtained by the measurement is input to the viscosity adjusting unit 22. The viscosity adjusting unit 22 sends a predetermined command signal to the water addition device so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be produced based on the measured mass flow rate obtained by measuring with the second mass flow meter 25. The amount of water output to 19 and added to the first fuel oil can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the second viscometer 26 is provided in the middle of the fuel pressurization supply line 30 and downstream of the second fuel supply pump 18. The second viscometer 26 can measure the viscosity of fuel such as water emulsion fuel flowing through the fuel pressurization supply line 30, and the measured viscosity obtained by measurement is input to the viscosity adjusting unit 22. Is done. The viscosity adjusting unit 22 sends a predetermined command signal to the water adding device 19 so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be made based on the measured viscosity obtained by measuring with the second viscometer 26. The amount of water that is output and added to the fuel oil can be adjusted.

  The viscosity adjusting unit 22 is included in a control unit 33 including a central processing unit (CPU). The viscosity adjusting unit 22 can produce the water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity by the emulsion generator 17 based on the measured mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel obtained by the measurement by the second mass flow meter 25. In addition, the water adding device 19 is controlled to adjust the amount of water added to the fuel oil.

  Further, the viscosity adjusting unit 22 can produce the water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity by the emulsion generator 17 based on the measured viscosity of the water emulsion fuel obtained by measuring with the second viscometer 26. In addition, the water adding device 19 can be controlled to adjust the amount of water added to the fuel oil.

  Next, the operation of the fuel supply device 12 including the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device 11 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. According to the fuel supply device 12 shown in FIG. 1, water obtained by mixing and stirring the fuel oil (for example, gas oil) in the first fuel tank 13 and the water in the water tank 14 by the emulsion generator 17. Emulsion fuel can be supplied to the diesel engine 15 via the fuel pressurization supply line 30.

  According to the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device 11 shown in FIG. 1, water having a viscosity higher than that of the first fuel oil is obtained by adding water to the first fuel oil (gas oil) to emulsify the fuel oil. When making the emulsion fuel, the amount of water added to the first fuel oil is adjusted by the viscosity adjusting unit 22 so that the water emulsion fuel is appropriate for the diesel engine 15 used as the fuel. A water emulsion fuel of the desired target viscosity can be made. As a result, the first fuel oil that is not appropriate because of its low viscosity can be used to make a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate and can be used in the diesel engine 15.

  As described above, since the first fuel oil (base oil) having a low viscosity can be remade into a water emulsion fuel having a higher viscosity, the regenerated water emulsion fuel is shown in FIG. The second fuel supply pump 18 can be pressurized to a predetermined pressure and supplied to the diesel engine 15. Thereby, the water emulsion fuel can be supplied to the diesel engine 15 at a necessary flow rate. As a result, the first fuel oil can be satisfactorily burned in the diesel engine 15.

That is, when gas oil is used as the fuel oil, the viscosity of the gas oil is small, so the gas oil is pressurized to a desired pressure using the second fuel supply pump 18 and supplied to equipment such as the diesel engine 15 at a desired flow rate. Although it is difficult to achieve this, the viscosity adjusting device 11 can be used to emulsify the gas oil to increase the viscosity. It is possible to pressurize to a desired pressure using the two fuel supply pump 18 and supply it to equipment such as the diesel engine 15 at a desired flow rate.
Further, when the first fuel oil having a low viscosity is to be supplied to the diesel engine 15 by the second fuel supply pump 18, it is necessary to add a lubricant, but the first fuel oil having a low viscosity is changed to a water emulsion fuel. In this case, by adding a surfactant (additive), the surfactant can function as a lubricant. Therefore, damage such as seizure of the second fuel supply pump 18 can be prevented without using a lubricant.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, based on the measured mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel obtained by measuring with the second mass flow meter 25, the amount of water added to the first fuel oil is adjusted by the viscosity adjusting unit 22. When adjusted, the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel actually produced can be brought close to the desired target viscosity and can be matched. Thus, the first fuel oil, which is not appropriate because of its low viscosity, can be reliably remade into a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is appropriate for the diesel engine 15.

  A method of adjusting the amount of water added to the first fuel oil by the viscosity adjusting unit 22 so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be produced based on the measured mass flow rate CK of the water emulsion fuel. For example, the difference CD (= CT−CK) between the target mass flow CT of the water emulsion fuel and the measured mass flow CK is corrected with the water emulsion fuel mixed at an appropriate ratio, and the difference CD is substantially zero. There is a method of adjusting the additional adjustment amount BD of water so that the ratio becomes approximately 1, or the water emulsion fuel having the target viscosity νT can be made. Here, the additional adjustment amount BD of water for making the difference mass flow rate CD between the target mass flow rate CT of the water emulsion fuel and the measured mass flow rate CK zero is the kinematic viscosity of the water emulsion fuel shown in FIG. From the relationship with the mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel, for example, it can be calculated automatically or from data stored in advance.

  More specifically, when determining the additional adjustment amount BD of water, for example, the mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel containing the first fuel oil (the mass flow rate measured by the second mass flow meter 25), and this Based on the volume flow rate of the water emulsion fuel (this volume flow rate can be obtained by measuring with a volume flow meter (not shown) provided in the fuel pressurization supply line 30). The control unit 33 calculates the specific gravity and density of the water emulsion fuel, and the specific gravity and density of the water emulsion fuel obtained by the calculation, and the specific gravity and density of the known first fuel oil and water, for example, as necessary. The water addition adjustment amount is obtained by calculation so that the specific gravity and density of the water emulsion fuel circulating in the fuel pressurization supply line 30 approaches the target value.

  Also, when adjusting the additional adjustment amount BD of water based on the difference CD so that the difference CD (= CT−CK) between the target mass flow CT of the water emulsion fuel and the measured mass flow CK becomes substantially zero. Performs various corrections such as temperature correction on the measured mass flow rate CK so that an error based on the temperature or the like does not occur with the target mass flow rate CT.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the amount of water added to the first fuel oil is adjusted by the viscosity adjusting unit 22 based on the measured viscosity of the water emulsion fuel obtained by measuring with the second viscometer 26. Since the measured viscosity and the target viscosity are the same unit, when adjusting the amount of water added to the first fuel oil based on the measured mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel (the measured mass flow rate and the target viscosity are The viscosity of the water emulsion fuel that is actually produced can be brought closer to the target viscosity and can be made to coincide with each other as compared with the case where they are not the same unit. Thus, the first fuel oil, which is not appropriate because of its low viscosity, can be reliably changed to a water emulsion fuel having a target viscosity that is appropriate for the diesel engine 15.

  As a method of adjusting the amount of water added to the first fuel oil by the viscosity adjusting unit 22 based on the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel, the difference νD (= νT) between the target viscosity νT and the measured viscosity νK. There is a method of adjusting with the additional adjustment amount BD of water so that −νK) becomes substantially zero or the ratio becomes substantially 1, and thereby, a water emulsion fuel having a target viscosity νT can be produced. Here, the water addition adjustment amount BD for making the differential viscosity νD between the target viscosity νT and the measured viscosity νK zero is automatically determined from the relationship between the kinematic viscosity of the water emulsion fuel and the water addition rate shown in FIG. In particular, it can be obtained, for example, by calculation or from previously stored data.

  When adjusting with the additional adjustment amount BD of water so that the difference νD (= νT−νK) between the target viscosity νT and the measured viscosity νK becomes substantially zero, temperature correction or the like is performed on the measured viscosity νK. Various corrections are performed so that an error based on the temperature or the like does not occur with the target viscosity νT.

  Then, the viscosity adjusting unit 22 shown in FIG. 1 is configured to add water added to the first fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity νT can be made based on the measured mass flow rate CK of the water emulsion fuel. The amount of water added to the first fuel oil is adjusted so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity νT can be produced based on the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel. Even when the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel is an allowable viscosity, the water addition rate of the water added to the first fuel oil (included in the water emulsion fuel) is also adjusted. This is to prevent the water content) (%) from becoming an inappropriate value for combustion in the diesel engine 15.

  Therefore, the upper limit value of the water addition rate (%) is stored and set in the viscosity adjusting unit 22 in advance. When the water addition rate (%) of water added to the first fuel oil reaches a predetermined upper limit value, an alarm is output or displayed on a display unit (not shown). .

  The amount of water added to the first fuel oil can be adjusted based on the measured viscosity νK of the water emulsion fuel. The actual water emulsion fuel supplied to the diesel engine 15 can be adjusted. This is for the purpose of setting the viscosity to a viscosity within an allowable range defined for the target viscosity νT.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the kinematic viscosity (Stokes St) and the temperature (° C.) of the first fuel oil used in this embodiment. As described above, the first fuel oil (for example, gas oil (DMA or DMB)) can increase the kinematic viscosity by lowering its temperature.

  For example, in order to change the gas oil having a kinematic viscosity ν1 to the target kinematic viscosity νT at the temperature t1, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the gas oil to tT.

  3 shows the kinematic viscosity (Stokes St) of the water emulsion fuel made by adding water to the first fuel oil and the mass flow rate (g / sec) of the water emulsion fuel (added water at a certain flow rate). It is a figure which shows the relationship with the mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel when a rate is changed. As described above, in the first fuel oil (for example, gas oil), the kinematic viscosity of the water emulsion fuel increases as the water addition rate (%) of water increases in a predetermined range.

  For example, in order to add water to gas oil at a predetermined temperature to make an emulsion having a target kinematic viscosity νT, the mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel (measured mass flow rate CK of the second mass flow meter 25) becomes CT, It is necessary to add water to the gas oil. The relationship between the kinematic viscosity (Stokes St) of the water emulsion fuel and the mass flow rate of the water emulsion fuel shown in FIG. 3 may be calculated automatically by the control unit 33, or the data May be stored in the storage unit in advance.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the kinematic viscosity (Stokes St) and the water addition rate (%) of a water emulsion fuel made by adding water to the first fuel oil. This water addition rate is the content of water contained in the water emulsion fuel. Thus, the first fuel oil (for example, gas oil) can increase the kinematic viscosity by adding water to emulsify.

  For example, in order to add water to gas oil at a predetermined temperature to form an emulsion having a target kinematic viscosity νT, it is necessary to add water to the gas oil so that the water addition rate is wT. Then, the relationship between the kinematic viscosity (Stokes St) and the water addition rate (%) of the water emulsion fuel shown in FIG. 4 may be automatically calculated by the control unit 33, or the data May be stored in the storage unit in advance.

  As described above, the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device 11 shown in FIG. 1 adds water to the first fuel oil having a small kinematic viscosity to emulsify the first fuel oil to a water emulsion fuel having a large kinematic viscosity. Can be used as

  Therefore, the viscosity adjusting device 11 for the fuel oil does not increase the viscosity by cooling the first fuel oil, and therefore does not require a cooling device, and does not require the cost of such a cooling device. No installation space is required. Since no cooling water is required, the cost of the viscosity adjusting device 11 can be reduced and the installation space can be reduced.

Further, by using the first fuel oil (gas oil) as a fuel for an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine 15 reshaping the water emulsion fuel, it is possible to reduce the NO _X components in the exhaust. This can contribute to the spread of, for example, marine diesel engines 15 that use water emulsion fuel, and can protect the natural environment.

  Next, a second embodiment of a fuel supply apparatus (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “fuel supply apparatus”) provided with a fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The fuel supply device 41 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is provided with a second fuel tank 43 in the fuel supply device 12 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and is stored in the second fuel tank 43. The second fuel oil (for example, C heavy oil) is mixed with water to make a water emulsion fuel, and this water emulsion fuel can be supplied to the diesel engine 15. The second fuel oil (for example, C heavy oil) stored in the second fuel tank 43 can be supplied to the diesel engine 15 without adding water.

  Further, the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device 42 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 includes a heating viscosity adjusting device 44.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the outlets of the first fuel tank 13 and the second fuel tank 43 are connected to a supply path switching unit 47 (three-way switching valve) via pipes 45 and 46. The supply path switching unit 47 is a desired one of the first fuel oil (gas oil) stored in the first fuel tank 13 and the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) stored in the second fuel tank 43. The fuel supply path can be switched so as to guide the fuel oil to the suction port of the first fuel supply pump 16 connected to the downstream side of the supply path switching section 47.

  The supply path switching unit 47 is operated by an operation signal from the control unit 33.

  The first fuel supply pump 16 converts the fuel oil guided through the supply path switching unit 47 out of the gas oil in the first fuel tank 13 and the C heavy oil in the second fuel tank 43 to the emulsion generator 17. Can be supplied to. In addition, if C heavy oil in the 2nd fuel tank 43 is supplied to the emulsion generator 17 in the state where water is not added, this C heavy oil will be supplied to the diesel engine 15 without being emulsified.

  The heating type viscosity adjusting device 44 heats one or both of the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) stored in the second fuel tank 43 and the water stored in the water tank 14. Thus, the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel produced by adding water to the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the heating type viscosity adjusting device 44 includes a heater 48 provided in the second fuel tank 43, a heater 49 provided in the water tank 14, and a heating provided in the control unit 33. A formula viscosity adjusting unit 50 is provided.

  The heater 48 provided in the second fuel tank 43 is capable of heating the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) stored in the second fuel tank 43 to a set temperature. The temperature control for heating is performed by the heating viscosity adjusting unit 50.

  The heater 49 provided in the water tank 14 can heat the water stored in the water tank 14 to a set temperature, and temperature control for heating the water is performed by the heating type viscosity adjusting unit 50. It is.

  According to this heating type viscosity adjusting device 44, a water emulsion using the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) by heating either one or both of the first fuel oil and water with the heaters 48 and 49. Adjustments can be made to reduce the viscosity of the fuel. As described above, the viscosity adjusting unit 22 provided in the viscosity adjusting device 42 can be adjusted to increase the viscosity of the first fuel oil (gas oil). Therefore, according to the viscosity adjusting device 42 provided with the heating type viscosity adjusting device 44, fuel oils of various viscosities (in this embodiment, gas oil and C heavy oil) used in the diesel engine 15 are used. It is possible to change to a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity that is suitable for the above, or to adjust the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) itself to a desired target viscosity. Heavy oil can be made available to the diesel engine 15.

  The purpose of heating one or both of the second fuel oil and water with a heater to reduce the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel is to mix the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) and water. This is to improve the combustibility of the water emulsion fuel produced in this way, and to prevent generation of excessive dust in the combustion.

  That is, when the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel is too high because the temperature of the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) and water is low, when the water emulsion fuel burns and the water in the water emulsion fuel undergoes a steam explosion, This is because the heavy oil does not become fine particles, so the combustibility of the fuel is reduced, and excessive dust may be generated during combustion.

Further, in the fuel supply device 41 shown in FIG. 5, the water emulsion fuel can be made by using either the first fuel oil (gas oil) or the second fuel oil (C heavy oil). For example, in a sea area where the NO _x component in the exhaust gas is regulated to fall within a predetermined allowable range but the SO _x component is not regulated, the water emulsion fuel containing the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) And use water emulsion fuel containing first fuel oil (gas oil) in ports and sea areas where both NO _X and SO _X components in the exhaust gas are regulated to be within the prescribed allowable range. To be able to do it.

That is, when the water emulsion fuel containing the first fuel oil (gas oil) is used, both the NO _x component and the SO _x component in the exhaust can be reduced within a predetermined allowable range. When the water emulsion fuel containing the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) is used, the NO _x component in the exhaust can be reduced within a predetermined allowable range, but the SO _x component can be reduced within the predetermined allowable range. Can not.

  However, in each of the above-described embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the example in which the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to the present invention is applied to the fuel supply device for the diesel engine 15 is shown. The fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to equipment other than the diesel engine 15, for example, a fuel supply apparatus for a boiler.

  And in each said embodiment, although the example which applied the viscosity adjustment apparatus of the fuel oil which concerns on this invention with respect to the fuel supply apparatus formed with the circuit shown in FIG.1 and FIG.5 was shown, in another form The fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to the present invention can be applied to the fuel supply device of the configured circuit.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the example which applied the viscosity adjustment apparatus of the fuel oil which concerns on this invention with respect to the marine diesel engine was shown, it replaces with this, for example, the diesel engine used on land, a boiler, etc. The fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to the present invention can be applied to a fuel supply device for use. In this case, for example, naphtha can be used as the fuel oil.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, water emulsion fuel is obtained by using the respective measured mass flow rates and measured viscosities obtained by the second mass flow meter 25 and the second viscometer 26. However, instead of this, the measured mass flow rate or the measured viscosity obtained by using only one of the second mass flow meter 25 and the second viscometer 26 is used instead. Thus, the water emulsion fuel may be adjusted to a desired viscosity.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the heating type viscosity adjusting device 44 includes the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) stored in the second fuel tank 43 and the water stored in the water tank 14. The viscosity of the water emulsion fuel produced by adding water to the second fuel oil (C heavy oil) is adjusted by heating one or both of them, but instead, Although not shown in the figure, the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel is adjusted by heating the water emulsion fuel passing through the end of the fuel supply line 27 or the water emulsion fuel passing through the fuel pressure supply line 30. Also good.

  As described above, the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device and the fuel supply device including the same adjust the amount of water to be added when emulsifying the fuel oil by adding water to the fuel oil. Therefore, it has an excellent effect of making it possible to produce a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity, and is suitable for application to such a fuel oil viscosity adjusting device and a fuel supply device including the same. Yes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 42 Fuel oil viscosity adjustment device 12, 41 Fuel supply device 13 First fuel tank 14 Water tank 15 Diesel engine 16 First fuel supply pump 17 Emulsion generator 18 Second fuel supply pump 19 Water addition device 20 Additive tank DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Additive supply pump 22 Viscosity adjustment part 23 1st flow meter 24 1st viscometer 25 2nd mass flow meter 26 2nd viscometer 27 Fuel supply line 28 Water supply line 29 Additive supply line 30 Fuel pressurization supply line 31 , 32 Junction unit 33 Control unit 43 Second fuel tank 44 Heating viscosity adjusting device 45, 46 Piping 47 Supply path switching unit 48, 49 Heater 50 Heating viscosity adjusting unit

Claims (7)

  A fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus capable of producing a water emulsion fuel having a desired viscosity by adjusting the amount of water added to fuel oil when water is added to the fuel oil to emulsify the fuel oil. A flow meter capable of measuring the mass flow rate of water emulsion fuel made by adding water to fuel oil;
Viscosity adjustment that can adjust the amount of water added to the fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel with a desired target viscosity can be made based on the measured mass flow rate measured by the flow meter The fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to claim 1, further comprising: A viscometer that measures the viscosity of the water emulsion fuel produced by adjusting the amount of water added to the fuel oil by the viscosity adjusting unit;
The viscosity adjusting unit adjusts the amount of water added to the fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be produced based on the measured viscosity obtained by measuring with the viscometer. 3. The fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein A viscometer that can measure the viscosity of water emulsion fuel made by adding water to fuel oil;
A viscosity adjusting unit that can adjust the amount of water added to the fuel oil so that a water emulsion fuel having a desired target viscosity can be made based on the measured viscosity obtained by measuring with the viscometer. The fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to claim 1.   Heating type that adjusts the viscosity of water emulsion fuel made by adding water to fuel oil by heating one or both of fuel oil and water, or by heating water emulsion fuel 5. The fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a viscosity adjusting apparatus.   6. The fuel oil viscosity adjusting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fuel oil is gas oil or naphtha.   An internal combustion engine comprising a fuel oil viscosity adjusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and water emulsion fuel produced by adjusting the viscosity of the fuel oil viscosity adjusting device using a fuel supply pump. Or the fuel supply apparatus which can be supplied to a boiler.

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