JP2012037078A - Water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water heater for achieving improvement of usability and high energy saving capability.SOLUTION: This water heater includes: a hot-water storage tank 1 having a first tapping pipe 3, a second tapping pipe 4 and a water supply pipe 18 connected to an upper part, an intermediate part and a lower part, respectively; a water supply branch pipe 19 branched from the water supply pipe 18; a first two-way valve 20 arranged on the first tapping pipe 3; a second two-way valve 21 arranged on the second tapping pipe; a mixing valve 23 having a tapping pipe merging pipe 22 where the first tapping pipe 3 and the second tapping pipe 4 merge and a water supply branch pipe 19 are connected to the inlet side, and a mixed water pipe 24 is connected to the outlet side; a hot-water supply port 25 connected to the mixed water pipe 24; a hot-water temperature detector 31 to detect hot-water temperature of the tapping pipe merging pipe 22; a hot-water supply temperature setter 7 to set hot-water supply temperature of hot water supplied from the hot-water supply port 25; and a controller 32 to control operations of the first and second two-way valves 20, 21 and the mixing valve 23 based on the hot-water supply setting temperature set by the hot-water supply temperature setter 7 and the detection temperature of the hot-water temperature detector 31. The water heater can effectively output hot water in an intermediate temperature layer in the hot-water storage tank 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water supply apparatus that stores hot water in a hot water storage tank and uses the hot water.

  Conventionally, this type of hot water supply apparatus is, for example, as shown in FIG. 8 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 1 described above.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a conventional hot water supply apparatus includes a hot water tank 1, a heat pump unit 2 as a heating means for heating the hot water in the hot water tank 1, and a first hot water pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water tank 1. 3 and a second hot water discharge pipe 4 connected to an intermediate part of the hot water storage tank 1 and whether the hot water from the hot water storage tank 1 is discharged through the first hot water discharge pipe 3 or the second hot water discharge pipe 4 is switched. A hot water temperature detecting means 6 for detecting the hot water temperature in the hot water tank 1 at a position where the three-way valve 5 and the second hot water discharge pipe 4 are connected, and a hot water temperature setting means 7 for setting the hot water temperature are provided. If the hot water temperature detected by the detection means 6 is equal to or higher than the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means 7, the hot water is discharged from the second hot water discharge pipe 4. The flow path of the three-way valve 5 is switched so as to discharge from the hot water.

JP 2003-161518 A

  However, in the configuration of the conventional hot water supply apparatus that switches between the hot water from the upper part of the hot water tank 1 and the hot water from the intermediate part, the hot water tank in the hot water tank 1 during hot water use and the remaining hot water in the hot water tank 1 due to heat conduction and heat convection. Of the layer (hereinafter referred to as the middle temperature layer) that is intermediate between the water supply supplied from the lower part of 1, only the hot water of the portion that is higher than the hot water supply set temperature can be used, and the hot water supply set temperature or lower The hot water in the middle temperature layer moves to the upper part of the hot water tank 1 as it is.

  Here, this operation will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. First, FIG. 9 explains the intermediate temperature layer, and shows the temperature distribution with the horizontal axis representing temperature and the vertical axis representing hot water tank 1 height. The hot water storage tank 1 in use is in a state in which high temperature hot water 8 and low temperature water 9 are stacked, and the intermediate between the high temperature hot water 8 and the low temperature water 9 due to heat conduction and heat convection. The intermediate temperature layer 10 that becomes the temperature grows with the passage of time.

  As a difference in the amount of hot water that can be used depending on the size of the intermediate temperature layer 10, the temperature distribution of 11 is a state in which the intermediate temperature layer 10a is small, and 12 is a state in which the intermediate temperature layer 10b is large. When the lower limit is set, the difference in the amount of heat that can be used is schematically represented as region 13. That is, as the middle temperature layer 10 becomes larger, hot water runs out more easily, and that the amount of heat that can be used in the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 is small, that is, energy saving is low.

For this reason, the hot water in the intermediate portion of the hot water tank 1 is discharged from the second hot water discharge pipe 4 to reduce the intermediate temperature layer 10, and this operation will be described with reference to FIG.
A hot water discharge position from the second hot water discharge pipe 4 is schematically indicated by an arrow 14, and a temperature distribution 15 is a time point when the upper end of the intermediate temperature layer 10 reaches the position of the second hot water discharge pipe 4. The size of the middle temperature layer 10 is 10
This is indicated by c.

  Thereafter, the hot water of the intermediate temperature layer 10 is discharged through the second hot water discharge pipe 4, so that the temperature distribution becomes 16, and the size of the intermediate temperature layer 10 decreases to 10d. When the hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank 1 falls below the lower limit temperature ts of hot water that can be used for hot water supply at the position of the second hot water discharge pipe 4, the three-way valve 5 is switched to discharge hot water from the first hot water discharge pipe 3. The layer 10 goes directly upward of the hot water tank 1, and the temperature distribution also becomes 17 and becomes larger with time as shown in 10e without decreasing.

  Thus, in the case of the configuration of the conventional hot water supply apparatus, since the effect of reducing the intermediate temperature layer 10 is limited, the amount of heat of the hot water in the hot water tank 1 cannot be effectively used, and the next boiling is performed. In some cases, water having a relatively high temperature in the middle temperature layer 10 must be heated, and when the heat pump unit 2 is used as a heating means, the operation efficiency decreases when the water temperature is high. There is a problem in that it hinders efficient driving. That is, in the conventional structure which switches a hot water position, there existed the subject of the reduction of the amount of hot water which can be utilized by not being able to discharge | release the hot water of a mixed layer, and the efficiency fall at the time of boiling by a heat pump unit.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and by efficiently using hot water in the middle temperature layer, hot water is efficiently used, and when the heating means is a heat pump unit, high heating efficiency can be obtained. Then, it aims at providing the hot water supply apparatus which implement | achieves a favorable usability and high energy-saving property.

  In order to solve the conventional problem, a hot water supply apparatus of the present invention includes a hot water storage tank, a first hot water pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water tank, a water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the hot water tank, A second hot water discharge pipe connected between a position where the first hot water discharge pipe is connected and a position where the water supply pipe is connected in the vertical direction of the hot water storage tank, and a water supply branch branched from the water supply pipe A first flow control valve provided on the first hot water discharge pipe, a second flow control valve provided on the second hot water discharge pipe, the first hot water discharge pipe, and the second hot water supply pipe. A tapping pipe joining pipe joined with a tapping pipe, a mixing valve in which the tapping pipe joining pipe and the feed water branch pipe are connected to the inlet side, and a mixing water pipe connected to the outlet side of the mixing valve A hot water supply port connected to the mixed water pipe, a hot water temperature detecting means for detecting the hot water temperature of the outlet hot water pipe joining pipe, and the hot water supply port Based on the hot water supply temperature setting means for setting hot water supply set temperature for hot water, the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means, and the detected temperature of the hot water temperature detection means, the first flow control valve and the first 2 is equipped with a flow control valve and a control means for controlling the operation of the mixing valve, and through the second hot water pipe connected to the middle part of the hot water tank, the hot water in the middle temperature zone lower than the hot water supply set temperature is effective. By using the hot water, the amount of heat of the stored hot water can be used as effectively as possible, and the decrease in the boiling efficiency can be prevented, so that it is possible to achieve good usability and high energy saving performance.

  The hot water supply apparatus of the present invention can effectively use the amount of heat of the hot water stored in the middle portion of the hot water tank effectively from the intermediate portion of the hot water tank, and can prevent a decrease in boiling efficiency. Therefore, there is an effect that good usability and high energy saving can be realized.

Configuration diagram of hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Block diagram of control of the water heater Flow chart of control of the water heater The figure which showed temperature distribution in hot water storage tank at the time of hot water supply use of the hot water supply device Flow chart of control of hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 2 of the present invention The block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention Flow chart of control of the water heater Configuration diagram of conventional hot water supply equipment Explanatory drawing of the middle temperature layer in the hot water storage tank of the hot water supply device The figure which showed temperature distribution in the hot water storage tank of the hot water supply device

  1st invention WHEREIN: The hot water storage tank, the 1st hot water pipe connected to the upper part of the said hot water storage tank, the water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the said hot water storage tank, and the said 1st in the up-down direction of the said hot water storage tank A second hot water pipe connected between the position where the hot water pipe is connected and the position where the water pipe is connected, a water supply branch pipe branched from the water pipe, and the first hot water pipe The first hot water regulating valve, the second flow regulating valve provided in the second hot water outlet pipe, and the first hot water pipe and the second hot water outlet connected to join the hot water A pipe joining pipe, a mixing valve in which the outlet hot water pipe joining pipe and the water supply branch pipe are connected to the inlet side, a mixing water pipe connected to the outlet side of the mixing valve, and a hot water outlet connected to the mixing water pipe A hot water temperature detecting means for detecting the hot water temperature of the outlet hot water pipe merging pipe, and a hot water supply temperature for setting a hot water supply set temperature to be supplied from the hot water outlet The first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, and the mixing valve based on the hot water set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means and the detected temperature of the hot water temperature detection means. Control means to control the operation of the hot water, effectively draining hot water in the middle temperature layer from the middle part of the hot water tank, making the most efficient use of the amount of heat of the hot water and boiling efficiency Therefore, it is possible to achieve good usability and high energy saving.

  In the second invention, in particular, the control means of the first invention closes the first flow adjustment valve and opens the second flow adjustment valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and is detected by the hot water temperature detection means. This state is maintained when the hot water temperature is equal to or higher than the hot water temperature setting temperature set by the hot water temperature setting means, and when the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is lower than the hot water temperature setting temperature, the hot water temperature is maintained. If the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the detection means and the hot water supply set temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature set in advance, both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve are opened, If the temperature difference is less than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is opened and the second flow control valve is closed, and the outlet temperature of the mixing valve is controlled to the hot water supply set temperature, While maintaining the controllability of the hot water supply temperature, the hot water in the middle temperature zone can be used effectively. There is a result.

  In the third invention, in particular, the control means of the first invention opens the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means. However, if the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means and the hot water temperature setting temperature is less than the preset predetermined temperature when the hot water temperature setting means is equal to or higher than the hot water temperature setting temperature set by the hot water temperature setting means If the temperature difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is closed and the second flow control valve is kept open, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is When the temperature is lower than the hot water supply set temperature, the first flow control valve is kept open, the second flow control valve is closed, and the outlet temperature of the mixing valve is controlled to the hot water supply set temperature. While maintaining the controllability of temperature, improve the response to the hot water supply set temperature, One there is an effect that the hot water of the medium-temperature layer can be effectively used.

In the fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, at least one additional hot water supply port is provided in addition to the hot water supply port of the first invention, and the hot water supply temperature setting means can set the hot water supply temperature for each additional hot water supply port, and each additional hot water supply port. A hot water pipe merging pipe branch pipe branched from the hot water pipe merging pipe, a second water feed branch pipe branched from the feed water branch pipe, the hot water pipe merging pipe branch pipe and the second water feed branch pipe. An additional mixing valve connected to the inlet side, and an additional mixed water pipe connected to the outlet side of the additional mixing valve, and the control means sets the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means and the additional hot water supply setting Controlling the operations of the first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, the mixing valve, and the additional mixing valve based on the temperature and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means, and having a plurality of hot water supply ports In addition, there is an effect that the hot water in the middle temperature can be used effectively.

  In the fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, the control means of the fourth aspect of the invention is detected by the hot water temperature detecting means by closing the first flow regulating valve and opening the second flow regulating valve immediately after the start of hot water supply. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the highest hot water set temperature and additional hot water set temperature set by the hot water temperature setting means, this state is maintained, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is the hot water set temperature. When the temperature is lower than the highest temperature among the additional hot water supply set temperatures, a temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means and the highest temperature among the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water supply set temperature is If the temperature is equal to or higher than a preset predetermined temperature, both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve are opened, and if the temperature difference is less than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is opened. Opening the valve and closing the second flow valve; The outlet temperature of the joint valve and the additional mixing valve is controlled to the hot water set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature, respectively, and the hot water in the middle temperature layer can be used effectively while ensuring the controllability when having a plurality of hot water outlets. There is an effect.

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, in particular, the control means of the fourth aspect of the invention opens both the first flow adjustment valve and the second flow adjustment valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is The hot water temperature setting means, the hot water temperature setting means, and the additional hot water temperature setting means, the hot water temperature detection means, the hot water temperature setting temperature, and the additional hot water temperature setting temperature. If the temperature difference from the highest temperature is less than a predetermined temperature set in advance, this state is maintained, and if the temperature difference is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is closed and the If the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is less than the highest temperature of the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water supply set temperature, the first flow control valve is kept open. Keeping the valve open and closing the second flow control valve The outlet temperature of the mixing valve and the additional mixing valve is controlled to the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature, respectively, and responsiveness up to the hot water set temperature is ensured while maintaining controllability when having a plurality of hot water outlets The hot water of the middle temperature layer can be effectively used.

  In the seventh aspect of the invention, in particular, the mixed water pipe and the additional mixed water pipe of the fourth invention are provided with hot water supply presence / absence detection means for detecting the presence or absence of hot water supply, and it is detected that the hot water is supplied by the hot water supply presence / absence detection means. For the hot water supply port or the additional hot water supply port, the control means closes the first flow adjustment valve and opens the second flow adjustment valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is If it is equal to or higher than the hot water set temperature or additional hot water set temperature set by the hot water temperature setting means, this state is maintained, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is less than the hot water set temperature or the additional hot water set temperature. In this case, if the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means and the hot water supply set temperature or the additional hot water supply set temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve and the first flow control valve Together with two flow control valves If the temperature difference is less than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is opened and the second flow control valve is closed, and the outlet temperatures of the mixing valve and the additional mixing valve are respectively set to the hot water supply. The temperature is controlled so as to approach the set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature, and when there are a plurality of hot water outlets, the effect of improving the use effect of the hot water in the middle temperature layer by finely controlling according to the presence or absence of hot water supply There is.

In the eighth aspect of the invention, in particular, the mixed water pipe and the additional mixed water pipe of the fourth invention are provided with hot water supply presence / absence detection means for detecting the presence or absence of hot water supply, and it is detected that the hot water is supplied by the hot water supply presence / absence detection means. For the hot water supply port or the additional hot water supply port, the control means opens both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means If the temperature is higher than the hot water set temperature set by the temperature setting means and the additional hot water set temperature, the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means, the hot water set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature If the temperature difference from the highest temperature is less than a predetermined temperature set in advance, this state is maintained, and if the temperature difference is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is closed and the Keep the second flow control valve open When the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is less than the highest temperature among the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water supply set temperature, the first flow control valve is kept open and the second flow control valve is kept open. The flow control valve is closed, and the outlet temperature of the mixing valve and additional mixing valve is controlled to the hot water set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature, respectively. By controlling, it is possible to improve the utilization effect of the hot water in the middle temperature layer and improve the response to the hot water supply set temperature.

  In the ninth aspect of the invention, in particular, the first flow control valve and / or the second flow control valve of any one of the first to eighth aspects is a two-way valve, and has a simple configuration and control. A desired effect can be obtained.

  The tenth aspect of the invention is particularly provided with a heating means for heating the water in the hot water storage tank of any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the heating means uses a heat pump unit. By effectively using the amount of heat, a low boiling temperature can be applied, and as a result, high-efficiency characteristics can be maximized.

  In an eleventh aspect of the invention, in particular, the heat pump unit of the ninth aspect of the invention is a supercritical refrigerant circuit in which the pressure is equal to or higher than the critical pressure, and heats water by the refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher. Since the temperature can be increased, it is possible to increase the amount of heat that can be used and to prevent the hot water from running out.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
The hot water supply apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment.

  In FIG. 1, a hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment includes a hot water storage tank 1, a heat pump unit 2 as a heating means for heating water in the hot water storage tank 1, and a first hot water pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. 3, between the position where the first hot water pipe 3 and the water supply pipe 18 are connected, that is, the second hot water connected to the body of the hot water tank 1. A pipe 4, a water supply branch pipe 19 branched from the water supply pipe 18, a first two-way valve 20 as a first flow control valve provided in the middle of the first hot water discharge pipe 3, and a second hot water outlet A second two-way valve 21 serving as a second flow control valve provided in the middle of the pipe 4 and a tapping pipe joining pipe joined by joining the first tapping pipe 3 and the second tapping pipe 4 22, a mixing valve 23 in which the outlet pipe joining pipe 22 and the feed water branch pipe 19 are connected to the inlet side, and a outlet side of the mixing valve 23. The mixed water pipe 24, the hot water supply port 25 connected to the mixed water pipe 24, the hot water pipe merging pipe branch pipe 26 branched from the hot water pipe merging pipe 22, and the second water supply branched from the water supply branch pipe 19. An additional mixing valve 28 in which a branch pipe 27, a tapping pipe joining pipe branch pipe 26 and a second feed water branch pipe 27 are connected to the inlet side, and an additional mixed water pipe 29 connected to the outlet side of the additional mixing valve 28 And an additional hot water supply port 30 connected to the additional mixed water pipe 29, a hot water temperature detecting means 31 for detecting the hot water temperature of the hot water outlet joining pipe 22, and a hot water supply temperature for setting the hot water supply temperature of the hot water supply port 25 and the additional hot water supply port 30. Based on the temperature setting means 7, the output of the hot water temperature detection means 31 and the setting of the hot water supply temperature setting means 7, the first two-way valve 20, the second two-way valve 21, the mixing valve 23, and the additional mixing Control device having control means 32 for controlling valve 28 It is provided with a 3 and.

  A mixing valve outlet hot water temperature detecting means 34 and an additional mixing valve outlet hot water temperature detecting means 35 for controlling the hot water temperature are provided on the outlet sides of the mixing valve 23 and the additional mixing valve 28, respectively.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the control of the hot water supply apparatus. Based on the output of the hot water temperature detection means 31 and the setting of the hot water supply temperature setting means 7, the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21. And a control means 32 for controlling the mixing valve 23 and the additional mixing valve 28.
About the hot water supply apparatus in this Embodiment comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  As a basic operation, the hot water tank 1 is filled with a lot of low-temperature water before boiling, and when the operation is started, the water in the hot water tank 1 is sent to the heat pump unit 2 where it is heated and heated. Hot water is returned to the hot water tank 1. As a result, hot water is stored in the hot water tank 1. When using hot water after boiling, the mixing valve 23 and the additional mixing valve 28 are used to supply hot water from the hot water storage tank 1 discharged from the first hot water pipe 3 and the second hot water pipe 4 and water from the water supply pipe 18. It is mixed with each hot water supply set temperature and supplied to the hot water supply port 25 or the additional hot water supply port 30. In addition, water corresponding to the amount of hot water used for hot water supply flows from the lower part of the hot water tank 1 through the water supply pipe 18.

  Here, the operation when using the hot water supply will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  The hot water supply temperature is set for each hot water supply port 25 and additional hot water supply port 30 by the hot water supply temperature setting means 7 as a hot water supply set temperature and an additional hot water supply set temperature, respectively, and the higher value thereof is the set temperature ts. Here, ts is the hot water supply set temperature of the hot water supply port 25. In addition, the flow rates of hot water flowing through the first hot water pipe 3 and the second hot water pipe 4 when the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 are both opened are equal to each other. The pressure loss of the flow path is designed. This flow rate ratio can be designed arbitrarily.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart of control of the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment. t0 is a measurement value by the hot water temperature detection means 31, and the control means 32 controls the opening and closing of the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 based on this measurement value.

  When hot water supply is started, the first two-way valve 20 is closed and the second two-way valve 21 is opened (step 1 (S1)), and the measured value t0 by the hot water temperature detection means 31 is equal to or higher than the set temperature ts. (Step 2 (S2)), the first two-way valve 20 is closed and the second two-way valve 21 is opened, so that only the second tapping pipe 4 is discharged.

  When t0 is less than ts (step 2), it is determined whether or not t0 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (eg, 5 ° C.) lower than the set temperature ts (step 3 (S3)). 5 ° C.) When the temperature is lower than the lower temperature, both the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 are opened (step 4 (S4)), and the first and second tapping pipes 3 and 4 are opened. Let the hot water out of both. When t0 is less than a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C.) lower than the set temperature ts (step 3), the first two-way valve 20 is opened and the second two-way valve 21 is closed (step 3). Step 5 (S5)), hot water is discharged only from the first hot water discharge pipe 3.

  As a result of the above operation, the temperature of the hot water flowing through the tapping pipe joining pipe 22 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature ts, and the control means 32 controls the mixing valve 23 to mix and mix the hot water and the feed water from the feed water branch pipe 19. The flow rate ratio is adjusted so that the valve outlet hot water temperature detecting means 34 becomes the set temperature ts (step 6 (S6)).

  Hot water adjusted to the set temperature ts is supplied from the hot water supply port 25 through the mixed water pipe 24. In the above description, the temperature difference between the set temperature ts and the measured value by the hot water temperature detection means 31 is controlled with 5 ° C. as a threshold value. However, the controllability of the mixing valve 23 and the temperature drop in the piping are not controlled. In consideration, an arbitrary value may be added to ts in the expression of Step 3.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in the temperature distribution in the hot water tank 1. Temperature on the horizontal axis and hot water tank 1 on the vertical axis
The temperature distribution of 37 indicates that the upper end of the intermediate temperature layer 10 is at the connection position with the hot water storage tank 1 of the second outlet pipe 4, that is, immediately before the hot water use of the intermediate temperature layer 10 is started. It is a state of. As described above, if the measured value t0 by the hot water temperature detection means 31 is equal to or greater than ts, the hot water is discharged only from the second hot water discharge pipe 4, and the hot water temperature is less than ts and the measured value t0 by the hot water temperature detection means 31. Is heated above a temperature that is lower than ts by a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C.), the hot water is discharged from both, so that the intermediate temperature layer 10 moves upward of the hot water tank 1 while being reduced. At this time, hot water is discharged from the second hot water discharge pipe 4 until t0 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C.) lower than ts.

  When t0 becomes less than a temperature lower than ts by a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C.), the hot water from the second hot water discharge pipe 4 is stopped, and the intermediate temperature layer 10 moves to the upper side of the hot water tank 1 as it is. As a result, the size of the intermediate temperature layer 10 is initially 10 f but is reduced to 10 g. Reference numeral 38 denotes a temperature distribution at the time when the intermediate temperature layer 10g passes the connection position of the second hot water discharge pipe 4.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the control of the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 is performed based on ts even when the hot water is supplied from the additional hot water supply port 30 having a lower set temperature. The

  Thus, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the higher one of the hot water supply set temperature of the hot water supply port 25 set by the hot water supply temperature setting means 7 and the additional hot water supply set temperature of the additional hot water supply port 30. Of the first two-way valve 20 provided in the first hot water discharge pipe 3 and the second two-way valve 21 provided in the second hot water discharge pipe 4 based on the value and the measured value of the hot water temperature detection means 31. With a simple configuration that opens and closes, the middle temperature layer 10 can be effectively reduced, and the amount of available hot water and the boiling efficiency of the heat pump unit 2 can be prevented from being reduced. Can be realized.

  Further, the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump unit 2 is preferably operated at a pressure exceeding the critical pressure using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant. Since the boiling temperature can be increased by using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, the hot water temperature in the hot water tank 1 can be freely controlled.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of control of the hot water supply apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, since the structure of the hot water supply apparatus in this Embodiment is the same as that of the said Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same components and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment, t0 is a measured value by the hot water temperature detecting means 31, and the control means 32, based on this measured value, the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21. Controls the opening and closing of.

  At the start of hot water supply, both the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 are opened (step 11 (S11)), and the measured value t0 by the hot water temperature detection means 31 is equal to or higher than the set temperature ts (step 12). (S12)), it is determined whether or not t0 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C.) lower than the set temperature ts (step 13 (S13)), the first two-way valve 20 is closed and the second two By leaving the direction valve 21 open (step 14 (S14)), the hot water is discharged only from the second hot water discharge pipe 4.

  If t0 is less than a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 ° C.) lower than the set temperature ts (step 13 (S13)), both the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 are opened. (Step 11), the hot water is discharged from both the first hot water discharge pipe 3 and the second hot water discharge pipe 4. When t0 is less than ts (step 12), the first two-way valve 21 is kept open and the second two-way valve 21 is closed (step 15 (S15)), whereby the first outlet pipe 3 Let the hot water out only.

  As a result of the above operation, the temperature of the hot water flowing through the tapping pipe joining pipe 22 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature ts, and the control means 32 controls the mixing valve 23 to mix the hot water and the feed water from the feed water branch pipe 19. The flow rate ratio is adjusted so that the mixing valve outlet hot water temperature detection means 34 becomes the set temperature ts (step 16 (S16)).

  Hot water adjusted to the set temperature ts is supplied from the hot water supply port 25 through the mixed water pipe 24. In the above embodiment, the temperature difference between the set temperature ts and the measured value by the hot water temperature detection means 31 is controlled with 5 ° C. as a threshold value. However, the controllability of the mixing valve 23 and the temperature drop in the piping are controlled. In consideration of the above, an arbitrary value may be added to ts in the expression of Step 13.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the control of the first two-way valve 20 and the second two-way valve 21 is performed based on ts even when the hot water is supplied from the additional hot water supply port 30 having a lower set temperature. The

  Thus, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the higher one of the hot water supply set temperature of the hot water supply port 25 set by the hot water supply temperature setting means 7 and the additional hot water supply set temperature of the additional hot water supply port 30. Of the first two-way valve 20 provided in the first hot water discharge pipe 3 and the second two-way valve 21 provided in the second hot water discharge pipe 4 based on the value and the measured value of the hot water temperature detection means 31. With a simple configuration that opens and closes, the middle temperature zone 10 can be effectively reduced, the amount of available hot water can be reduced and the boiling efficiency of the heat pump unit 2 can be prevented, and the hot water supply temperature can be adjusted quickly. Therefore, good usability and high energy saving can be realized.

  Further, the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump unit 2 is preferably operated at a pressure exceeding the critical pressure using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant. Since the boiling temperature can be increased by using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, the hot water temperature in the hot water tank 1 can be freely controlled.

(Embodiment 3)
A hot water supply apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same components as the hot water supply apparatus in the said embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In addition to the configuration of the hot water supply apparatus in the first embodiment, the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment includes a first flow meter 39 and a first flow meter 39 as hot water supply presence / absence detection means in each of the mixed water pipe 24 and the additional mixed water pipe 29. 2 flowmeters 40 are provided. As a result, the first and second two-way valves 20 and 21 are controlled based on the set temperature at which hot water is actually supplied, so that the effect of reducing the intermediate temperature layer 10 is higher.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the control of the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment, and shows a method for determining the set temperature ts based on the outputs of the first flow meter 39 and the second flow meter 40.

  First, the hot water supply set temperature ts1 at the hot water supply port 25 is compared with the additional hot water supply set temperature ts2 at the additional hot water supply port 30 (step 21 (S21)), and the higher value is set as the set temperature ts (step 22 (S22)). Step 23 (S23)).

  Next, when the first flow meter 39 detects hot water supply from the hot water supply port 25 (step 24 (S24)) and further the second flow meter 40 detects hot water supply from the additional hot water supply port 30 (step 25). (S25)), the hot water supply set temperature ts1 and the additional hot water supply set temperature ts2 are compared (step 26 (S26)), and the higher value is set as the set temperature ts (step 27 (S27), step 28 (S28)). .

If there is no hot water supply from the additional hot water supply port 30 (step 25), the hot water supply set temperature ts1 is set as the set temperature ts (step 29 (S29)). If hot water supply from the hot water supply port 25 is not detected in step 24 and hot water supply is detected in the additional hot water supply port 30 (step 30 (S30)), the additional hot water supply set temperature ts2 is set as the set temperature ts (step 31 (S31)). ). If no hot water supply is detected at either the hot water supply port 25 or the additional hot water supply port 30 (step 24, step 30), the value adopted in step 22 or step 23 is used as it is.

  Based on the set temperature ts determined in this way, the same operation as the valve control described in the first embodiment (FIG. 3) and the valve control described in the second embodiment (FIG. 5) is performed. (Step 32 (S32)).

  As described above, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the first and second two-way valves 20 and 21 are finely controlled according to the hot water supply state, and the intermediate temperature layer 10 is reduced. The effect is greater, and it is more convenient and energy-saving.

  As described above, the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention minimizes the decrease in the amount of hot water that can be supplied when using the heat of hot water in the hot water storage tank, so that it can be applied to the above-mentioned domestic hot water supply apparatuses. It can also be applied to large-scale applications such as business use in a system having a heat source and a hot water tank, and can provide excellent energy saving.

1 Hot water storage tank 2 Heat pump unit (heating means)
3 First hot water pipe 4 Second hot water pipe 7 Hot water supply temperature setting means 18 Water supply pipe 19 Water supply branch pipe 20 First two-way valve (first flow control valve)
21 Second two-way valve (second flow control valve)
22 Hot water outlet pipe merging pipe 23 Mixing valve 24 Mixed water pipe 25 Hot water outlet 26 Hot water outlet merging pipe branch pipe 27 Second water supply branch pipe 28 Additional mixing valve 29 Additional mixed water pipe 30 Additional hot water outlet 31 Hot water temperature detection means 32 Control means 39 First 1 Flow meter (hot water supply detection means)
40 Second flow meter (hot water supply presence / absence detection means)

Claims (11)

A hot water storage tank, a first hot water pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water tank, a water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the hot water tank, and the first hot water pipe connected in the vertical direction of the hot water tank A second hot water discharge pipe connected between a position and a position where the water supply pipe is connected; a water supply branch pipe branched from the water supply pipe; and a first flow provided in the first hot water discharge pipe A regulating valve, a second flow regulating valve provided in the second tapping pipe, a tapping pipe merging pipe formed by connecting and joining the first tapping pipe and the second tapping pipe, A mixing valve in which a tapping pipe joining pipe and the feed water branch pipe are connected to the inlet side, a mixing water pipe connected to the outlet side of the mixing valve, a hot water supply port connected to the mixing water pipe, and the tapping pipe joining A hot water temperature detecting means for detecting the hot water temperature of the pipe, a hot water supply temperature setting means for setting a hot water supply set temperature for hot water supply from the hot water supply port, Based on the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means and the detected temperature of the hot water temperature detection means, the operations of the first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, and the mixing valve are controlled. A hot water supply apparatus comprising a control means. The control means closes the first flow regulating valve and opens the second flow regulating valve immediately after the hot water supply is started, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is set by the hot water temperature setting means. If the temperature is higher than a set temperature, this state is maintained, and if the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is lower than the hot water set temperature, the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means and the hot water set temperature are If the temperature difference is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature set in advance, both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve are opened, and if the temperature difference is less than the predetermined temperature, The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first flow control valve is opened and the second flow control valve is closed to control the outlet temperature of the mixing valve to the hot water set temperature. The control means opens both the first flow adjustment valve and the second flow adjustment valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means. In this case, if the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means and the hot water supply set temperature is less than a preset predetermined temperature, this state is maintained, and the temperature difference is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature. If there is, the first flow control valve is closed and the second flow control valve is kept open. When the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is lower than the hot water supply set temperature, the first flow control valve is closed. The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow control valve is kept open and the second flow control valve is closed to control the outlet temperature of the mixing valve to the hot water set temperature. In addition to the hot water supply port, at least one additional hot water supply port is provided, and the hot water supply temperature setting means can set the hot water supply temperature for each additional hot water supply port, and for each additional hot water supply port, the hot water supply pipe branch branched from the hot water supply pipe joint pipe A pipe branch pipe, a second feed water branch pipe branched from the feed water branch pipe, an additional mixing valve in which the outlet pipe joining pipe branch pipe and the second feed water branch pipe are connected to the inlet side, and the addition An additional mixed water pipe connected to the outlet side of the mixing valve, and the control means is based on the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means, the additional hot water supply set temperature, and the detected temperature of the hot water temperature detection means The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein operations of the first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, the mixing valve, and the additional mixing valve are controlled. The control means closes the first flow regulating valve and opens the second flow regulating valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is set by the hot water supply temperature setting means. When the temperature is higher than the highest temperature among the temperature and the additional hot water supply set temperature, this state is maintained, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means is less than the highest temperature among the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature. In this case, if the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means and the highest temperature among the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature set in advance, If both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve are opened and the temperature difference is less than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is opened and the second flow control valve is opened. And close the outlet temperature of the mixing valve and additional mixing valve. Water heater according to claim 4 which is respectively to the hot water supply temperature setting configured to control said additional hot water set temperature. The control means opens both the first flow adjustment valve and the second flow adjustment valve immediately after the start of hot water supply, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is equal to the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means. In the case where the temperature is equal to or higher than the highest temperature among the additional hot water supply set temperatures, a temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means and the highest temperature among the hot water set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature is set in advance. If the temperature difference is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is closed and the second flow control valve is kept open. When the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is less than the highest temperature among the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water supply set temperature, the first flow control valve is kept open and the second flow control valve is maintained. The outlet temperature of the mixing valve and additional mixing valve Water heater according to claim 4 in which the each of the hot water set temperature and configured to control the additional hot water set temperature. Hot water supply presence / absence detection means for detecting the presence or absence of hot water supply is provided in each of the mixed water pipe and the additional mixed water pipe, and for the hot water supply port or the additional hot water supply port detected by the hot water supply presence / absence detection means, the control means Immediately after the start of hot water supply, the first flow control valve is closed and the second flow control valve is opened, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means or added. If the temperature is higher than the hot water supply set temperature, this state is maintained, and if the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is lower than the hot water supply set temperature or the additional hot water supply set temperature, it is detected by the hot water temperature detection means. If the temperature difference between the set temperature and the hot water supply set temperature or the additional hot water set temperature is a predetermined temperature or more, both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve are opened, and the temperature difference Is the predetermined temperature If it is full, the first flow control valve is opened and the second flow control valve is closed, and the outlet temperatures of the mixing valve and the additional mixing valve are set to the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature, respectively. It controls so that it may approach, The hot-water supply apparatus of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Hot water supply presence / absence detection means for detecting the presence or absence of hot water supply is provided in each of the mixed water pipe and the additional mixed water pipe, and for the hot water supply port or the additional hot water supply port detected by the hot water supply presence / absence detection means, the control means Immediately after the start of hot water supply, both the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve are opened, and the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection means is the hot water supply set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting means and the additional hot water supply. When the temperature is higher than the highest temperature among the set temperatures, a temperature difference between the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detecting means and the highest temperature among the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature is preset. If the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, this state is maintained. If the temperature difference is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the first flow control valve is closed and the second flow control valve is kept open. Detected by temperature detection means When the temperature is lower than the highest temperature of the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water set temperature, the first flow control valve is kept open and the second flow control valve is closed, and the mixing valve The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the outlet temperature of the additional mixing valve is controlled to the hot water supply set temperature and the additional hot water supply set temperature, respectively. The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first flow control valve and / or the second flow control valve is a two-way valve. The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a heating means for heating water in the hot water storage tank is provided, and the heating means uses a heat pump unit. The hot water supply device according to claim 10, wherein the heat pump unit is a supercritical refrigerant circuit whose pressure is equal to or higher than a critical pressure, and water is heated by a refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher.

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