JP2012026626A - Hot water storage type water heater - Google Patents

Hot water storage type water heater Download PDF

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JP2012026626A
JP2012026626A JP2010164664A JP2010164664A JP2012026626A JP 2012026626 A JP2012026626 A JP 2012026626A JP 2010164664 A JP2010164664 A JP 2010164664A JP 2010164664 A JP2010164664 A JP 2010164664A JP 2012026626 A JP2012026626 A JP 2012026626A
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hot water
storage tank
water storage
pipe
heat pump
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JP5571489B2 (en
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Takaaki Yachita
貴章 谷地田
Motoi Abe
基 阿部
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Corona Corp
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Corona Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot water storage type water heater that prevents hot water of high temperature from flowing backward from a heating means to a hot water storage tank after operation of the heating means stops.SOLUTION: After an operating heat pump unit 1 is stopped, a selector valve 29 is positioned at an intermediate point between a first state in which water flows to a lower part of a hot water storage tank 21 from a heat pump supply pipe 26 through a bypass pipe 28 for a specified period, and a second state in which water flows to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 from the heat pump supply pipe 26. Consequently, the hot water of high temperature having been heated in a coolant-water heat exchanger 12 of the heat pump unit 1 is prevented from flowing back to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 to raise the temperature of water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21. The temperature of water supplied to the heat pump unit 1 is prevented from increasing to reduce COP of the heat pump unit 1.

Description

この発明は、ヒートポンプユニットにより湯を沸き上げてこれを貯湯するヒートポンプ式給湯機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a heat pump type water heater for boiling hot water by a heat pump unit and storing the hot water.

従来から、この種のものに於いては、給湯運転時にはユーザーが給湯栓を開弁することにより、給水管からの給水圧により貯湯タンク内の高温水が出湯管に向けて押し出され、貯湯タンクから押し出された70〜90℃程度の高温水と、分岐管からの水とが給湯混合弁によりユーザーがリモコンで設定した給湯温度となるように混合されて給湯管を介して給湯されていた。   Conventionally, in this type, when a hot water supply operation is performed, a user opens the hot water tap so that the hot water in the hot water storage tank is pushed out toward the hot water discharge pipe by the water supply pressure from the water supply pipe. The high-temperature water of about 70 to 90 ° C. pushed out from the water and the water from the branch pipe were mixed by the hot water supply mixing valve so as to reach the hot water temperature set by the user using the remote controller, and hot water was supplied through the hot water supply pipe.

この時、給水される水は給湯混合弁と貯湯タンク下部に分流する構造となっており、この貯湯タンク下部に接続されている配管は途中でヒートポンプユニットとのバイパス回路へと分岐しており、沸き上げ運転時以外は貯湯タンク下部とヒートポンプユニットのバイパス回路が形成されていた。(例えば、特許文献1)。   At this time, the water to be supplied is divided into a hot water mixing valve and a lower part of the hot water storage tank, and the pipe connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank branches to a bypass circuit with the heat pump unit on the way. Except during the heating operation, a lower part of the hot water storage tank and a bypass circuit for the heat pump unit were formed. (For example, patent document 1).

特開2007−155171号公報JP 2007-155171 A

ところでこの従来のものでは、給湯運転時に、給水からへの経路以外に、給水から切替弁、ヒートポンプユニットの出湯口、冷媒−水熱交換器、ヒートポンプユニットの給水口、貯湯タンク下部という逆流する経路が形成され、沸き上げ運転終了直後のようにヒートポンプユニットの冷媒−水熱交換器の温度が高い状態で給湯運転を行うと、高温の冷媒−水熱交換器により加熱された水が貯湯タンク下部に逆流して貯湯タンク下部の水の温度を上昇させてしまう。   By the way, in this conventional type, during the hot water supply operation, in addition to the path from the water supply, a reverse flow path from the water supply to the switching valve, the hot water outlet of the heat pump unit, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, the water supply port of the heat pump unit, and the lower part of the hot water storage tank When the hot water supply operation is performed in a state where the temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger of the heat pump unit is high just after the boiling operation is finished, the water heated by the high-temperature refrigerant-water heat exchanger is Backflows up and raises the temperature of the water below the hot water storage tank.

このため、ヒートポンプユニットへの給水の温度が上昇してヒートポンプユニットのCOPの低下や、給湯モード試験COPの低下を招いてしまう問題があった。   For this reason, there has been a problem that the temperature of the water supply to the heat pump unit rises, leading to a decrease in the COP of the heat pump unit and a decrease in the hot water supply mode test COP.

この発明はこの点に着目し上記課題を解決する為、特にその構成を請求項1では、貯湯タンクと、圧縮機と冷媒−水熱交換器と膨張弁と蒸発器とを備え、前記貯湯タンクの下部から取り出した温水を加熱する加熱手段と、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクから前記加熱手段に送る流出管と、前記加熱手段で生成された温水を前記貯湯タンクの上部に送る流入管と、前記流入管から分岐して設けられ、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクの下部に送るバイパス管と、一端が前記バイパス管に接続されている給水管と、前記流入管を通過する前記温水の流れを前記バイパス管側に切り替える第1の状態と、前記貯湯タンクの上部側に切り替える第2の状態とに設定可能な切替弁とを備えた貯湯式給湯装置に於いて、前記加熱手段が運転を停止してから所定時間が経過するまで、切替弁の位置を前記第1の状態と第2の状態との中間の位置に制御する制御部を備えたものである。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems by focusing attention on this point, the present invention is particularly configured as claimed in claim 1 including a hot water storage tank, a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. A heating means for heating the hot water taken out from the lower part, an outflow pipe for sending the hot water from the hot water storage tank to the heating means, an inflow pipe for sending the hot water generated by the heating means to the upper part of the hot water storage tank, A bypass pipe that branches off from the inflow pipe and sends the hot water to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, a water supply pipe having one end connected to the bypass pipe, and a flow of the hot water that passes through the inflow pipe In a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus comprising a switching valve that can be set to a first state that switches to the pipe side and a second state that switches to the upper side of the hot water storage tank, the heating means stops operating. A predetermined time from Up to per to, those having a control unit for controlling the intermediate position between the first and second states the position of the switching valve.

又請求項2に係る貯湯式給湯装置では、特にその構成を、貯湯タンクと、圧縮機と冷媒−水熱交換器と膨張弁と蒸発器とを備え、前記貯湯タンクの下部から取り出した温水を加熱する加熱手段と、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクから前記加熱手段に送る流出管と、該流出管に設けられた熱交換器入口温度検知手段と、前記加熱手段で生成された温水を前記貯湯タンクの上部に送る流入管と、前記流入管から分岐して設けられ、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクの下部に送るバイパス管と、一端が前記バイパス管に接続されている給水管と、前記流入管を通過する前記温水の流れを前記バイパス管側に切り替える第1の状態と、前記貯湯タンクの上部側に切り替える第2の状態とに設定可能な切替弁とを備えた貯湯式給湯装置に於いて、前記加熱手段が運転を停止してから前記熱交換器入口温度検知手段の検知温度が所定温度以下になるまで、切替弁の位置を前記第1の状態と第2の状態との中間の位置に制御する制御部を備えたものである。   Further, in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 2, in particular, a hot water storage tank, a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are provided, and hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank is provided. A heating means for heating; an outflow pipe for sending the hot water from the hot water storage tank to the heating means; a heat exchanger inlet temperature detecting means provided in the outflow pipe; and the hot water generated by the heating means for the hot water storage tank An inflow pipe that is sent to the upper part of the pipe, a bypass pipe that is branched from the inflow pipe and that sends the hot water to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, a water supply pipe having one end connected to the bypass pipe, and the inflow pipe In a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus provided with a switching valve that can be set to a first state in which the flow of the warm water passing therethrough is switched to the bypass pipe side and a second state in which the hot water tank is switched to an upper side of the hot water storage tank, The heating means A control unit that controls the position of the switching valve to an intermediate position between the first state and the second state until the detected temperature of the heat exchanger inlet temperature detecting means becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature after It is provided.

この発明の請求項1によれば、ヒートポンプユニットが運転状態から停止状態になった後に、切替弁の位置を冷媒−水熱交換器の温度が高温から低温に下がるまでの所定時間、ヒートポンプ往き管からバイパス管を介して貯湯タンクの下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管から貯湯タンクの上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御するので、給水から切替弁、ヒートポンプユニットのヒートポンプ往き管、冷媒−水熱交換器、ヒートポンプユニットのヒートポンプ戻り管、貯湯タンク下部という逆流する経路を切替弁で遮断することができ、冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された高温水が貯湯タンク下部に逆流して貯湯タンク下部の水の温度を上昇させてしまうのを防止し、ヒートポンプユニットへの給水の温度が上昇してヒートポンプユニットのCOPの低下や、給湯モード試験COPの低下を防止するものである。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, after the heat pump unit is changed from the operating state to the stopped state, the position of the switching valve is moved to the heat pump forward pipe for a predetermined time until the temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger decreases from the high temperature to the low temperature. From the first state where the flow path is switched to the lower part of the hot water storage tank through the bypass pipe and the second state where the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe to the upper part of the hot water storage tank The reverse flow path from the water supply to the switching valve, the heat pump forward pipe of the heat pump unit, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, the heat pump return pipe of the heat pump unit, the lower part of the hot water storage tank can be shut off by the switching valve, and the refrigerant-water heat exchanger The heat pump unit prevents the hot water heated by the water from flowing back to the lower part of the hot water tank and raising the temperature of the water in the lower part of the hot water tank. The temperature of the water is lowered and the COP of the heat pump units elevated, thereby preventing the deterioration of the hot water supply mode test COP.

又本発明の請求項2に記載の貯湯式給湯装置によれば、ヒートポンプユニットが運転状態から停止状態になった後に、切替弁の位置を熱交換器入口温度センサの検知温度が所定温度まで低下するまで、つまり冷媒−水熱交換器の温度が高温から低温に下がるまで、ヒートポンプ往き管からバイパス管を介して貯湯タンクの下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管から貯湯タンクの上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御するので、給水から切替弁、ヒートポンプユニットのヒートポンプ往き管、冷媒−水熱交換器、ヒートポンプユニットのヒートポンプ戻り管、貯湯タンク下部という逆流する経路を切替弁で遮断することができ、冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された高温水が貯湯タンク下部に逆流して貯湯タンク下部の水の温度を上昇させてしまうのを防止し、ヒートポンプユニットへの給水の温度が上昇してヒートポンプユニットのCOPの低下や、給湯モード試験COPの低下を防止するものである。   According to the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, after the heat pump unit is switched from the operating state to the stopped state, the temperature detected by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor is lowered to the predetermined temperature. Until the temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger decreases from a high temperature to a low temperature, the first state of switching the flow path from the heat pump forward pipe to the lower part of the hot water storage tank via the bypass pipe, and the heat pump forward pipe to the hot water storage tank Since it controls so that it may become a middle position with the 2nd state which switches to a flow path in the upper part of water, it is a switching valve from a water supply, a heat pump forward pipe of a heat pump unit, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a heat pump return pipe of a heat pump unit, The reverse flow path at the bottom of the hot water storage tank can be blocked by the switching valve, and the high-temperature water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger flows back to the bottom of the hot water storage tank. Te to prevent the raise the temperature of the hot water storage tank bottom water, decrease in COP of the heat pump unit temperature of the feed water rises to the heat pump unit, thereby preventing the deterioration of the hot water supply mode test COP.

この発明の一実施形態を示す貯湯式給湯装置の概略構成図。The schematic block diagram of the hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 同一実施形態のフローチャート図。The flowchart figure of the same embodiment.

次に、この発明を適用した第1実施形態を図1に基づいて説明する。
本実施形態の貯湯式給湯装置Aは、ヒートポンプユニット(加熱手段)1、貯湯タンクユニット2、給湯制御部3などを備えて構成されている。
なお、本実施形態では、後記する貯湯タンク21の下部から取り出される温水を低温水(低温度の水;例えば5〜20℃程度)とし、ヒートポンプユニット1で加熱された温水を高温水(高温度の水;例えば70〜90℃程度)として説明している。
Next, a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG.
The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus A according to this embodiment includes a heat pump unit (heating means) 1, a hot water storage tank unit 2, a hot water supply control unit 3, and the like.
In this embodiment, the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 to be described later is low temperature water (low temperature water; for example, about 5 to 20 ° C.), and the hot water heated by the heat pump unit 1 is high temperature water (high temperature). For example, about 70 to 90 ° C.).

前記ヒートポンプユニット1は、圧縮機11と、凝縮器としての冷媒−水熱交換器12と、減圧器としての膨張弁13と、強制空冷式の蒸発器14で構成されたヒートポンプ回路15と、このヒートポンプ回路15を駆動制御するヒートポンプ制御部5とを備えている。
なお、このヒートポンプ回路15では、例えば、冷媒として二酸化炭素が用いられて超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルが構成されている。
また、冷媒に二酸化炭素を用いているので、低温水を電熱ヒータなしで約90℃の高温まで沸き上げることが可能になっている。
The heat pump unit 1 includes a compressor 11, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 as a condenser, an expansion valve 13 as a decompressor, and a heat pump circuit 15 including a forced air-cooled evaporator 14. And a heat pump control unit 5 that drives and controls the heat pump circuit 15.
In the heat pump circuit 15, for example, carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant to constitute a supercritical heat pump cycle.
Further, since carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, it is possible to boil low temperature water to a high temperature of about 90 ° C. without an electric heater.

また、前記ヒートポンプユニット1では、冷媒−水熱交換器12の前記ヒートポンプ回路15とは別に設けられた流路の一端に、後記する貯湯タンクユニット2から延びるヒートポンプ戻り管(流出管)25が接続され、このヒートポンプ戻り管25に熱交換器入口温度センサT1が設けられている。
また、冷媒−水熱交換器12の他端には、後記する貯湯タンクユニット2から延びるヒートポンプ往き管(流入管)26が接続され、このヒートポンプ往き管26に熱交換器出口温度センサT2が設けられている。
また、ヒートポンプユニット1には、外気の温度を検出するための外気温度センサT3が設けられている。
In the heat pump unit 1, a heat pump return pipe (outflow pipe) 25 extending from the hot water storage tank unit 2 described later is connected to one end of a flow path provided separately from the heat pump circuit 15 of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12. The heat pump return pipe 25 is provided with a heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor T1.
The other end of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 is connected to a heat pump forward pipe (inflow pipe) 26 extending from the hot water storage tank unit 2 described later. The heat pump outlet pipe 26 is provided with a heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor T2. It has been.
Further, the heat pump unit 1 is provided with an outside air temperature sensor T3 for detecting the temperature of the outside air.

なお、前記冷媒−水熱交換器12では、冷媒と被加熱水(低温水)とが対向して流れる対向流方式を採用しており、前記超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルによって熱交換時において冷媒が超臨界状態のまま凝縮されるため効率よく高温まで被加熱水を加熱することができる。
また、冷媒−水熱交換器12の入口側の熱交換器入口温度センサT1の温度と、出口側の熱交換器出口温度センサT2の温度との温度差が一定になるように前記した膨張弁13または圧縮機11を制御することで、被加熱水(低温水)の冷媒−水熱交換器12の入口温度が5〜20℃程度の低い温度である場合に、COP(エネルギー消費効率)が3.0以上の高い効率で被加熱水を加熱することが可能になっている。
The refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 employs a counter flow system in which the refrigerant and heated water (low temperature water) face each other, and the refrigerant is supercritical during heat exchange by the supercritical heat pump cycle. Since it is condensed in the state, the water to be heated can be efficiently heated to a high temperature.
Further, the expansion valve described above so that the temperature difference between the temperature of the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor T1 on the inlet side of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 and the temperature of the heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor T2 on the outlet side becomes constant. 13 or by controlling the compressor 11, the COP (energy consumption efficiency) is reduced when the inlet temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 of the water to be heated (low temperature water) is a low temperature of about 5 to 20 ° C. It is possible to heat the water to be heated with a high efficiency of 3.0 or more.

前記貯湯タンクユニット2は、上下方向(天地方向)に細長い貯湯タンク21を有し、この貯湯タンク21の上部に出湯管23、下部に給水管24がそれぞれ貯湯タンク21の内部と連通するように接続されている。
前記給水管24は、水道管と接続されて水(水道水)が供給されるようになっており、水道管からの給水圧を所定の圧力に減圧するための減圧弁36、給水管24を流れる水の温度を検出する給水温度センサ37などが設けられ、更に給水管24から分岐する分岐管30との接続部分よりも下流側に逆止弁49が設けられているものである。
The hot water storage tank unit 2 has a hot water storage tank 21 that is elongated in the vertical direction (vertical direction). The hot water storage pipe 21 communicates with the interior of the hot water storage tank 21 at the upper part thereof and the hot water supply pipe 24 at the lower part thereof. It is connected.
The water supply pipe 24 is connected to a water pipe so that water (tap water) is supplied. The water supply pipe 24 includes a pressure reducing valve 36 and a water supply pipe 24 for reducing the water supply pressure from the water pipe to a predetermined pressure. A water supply temperature sensor 37 for detecting the temperature of the flowing water is provided, and a check valve 49 is further provided on the downstream side of the connection portion with the branch pipe 30 branched from the water supply pipe 24.

前記貯湯タンク21には、上下方向に配置された複数個の温度センサからなる貯湯温度センサT4が設けられている。
この貯湯温度センサT4は、貯湯タンク21内の上下方向の温度分布を検知するものであり、貯湯タンク21内にどれだけの熱量が残っているかを検知するものである。
The hot water storage tank 21 is provided with a hot water storage temperature sensor T4 including a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the vertical direction.
The hot water storage temperature sensor T4 detects the temperature distribution in the vertical direction in the hot water storage tank 21 and detects how much heat remains in the hot water storage tank 21.

また、貯湯タンク21には、その下部に前記ヒートポンプ戻り管25の端部が、上部に前記ヒートポンプ往き管26の端部がそれぞれ貯湯タンク21の内部と連通するように接続されている。
また、ヒートポンプ戻り管25には循環ポンプ27が設けられ、この循環ポンプ27の駆動力によって、貯湯タンク21内の被加熱水(低温水)が、ヒートポンプ戻り管25を介して冷媒−水熱交換器12に送り込まれ、ヒートポンプ往き管26を介して冷媒−水熱交換器12から送り出されるようになっている。
なお、本実施形態では、循環ポンプ27がヒートポンプユニット1側に設けられているが、これに限定されず、貯湯タンクユニット2側に設けられていてもよい。
Further, the hot water storage tank 21 is connected so that the end of the heat pump return pipe 25 is communicated with the inside of the hot water storage tank 21 at the lower part and the end of the heat pump forward pipe 26 is communicated with the upper part.
In addition, a circulation pump 27 is provided in the heat pump return pipe 25, and the water to be heated (low temperature water) in the hot water storage tank 21 is exchanged between the refrigerant and the water through the heat pump return pipe 25 by the driving force of the circulation pump 27. It is sent to the vessel 12 and sent out from the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 via the heat pump forward pipe 26.
In addition, in this embodiment, although the circulation pump 27 is provided in the heat pump unit 1 side, it is not limited to this, You may provide in the hot water storage tank unit 2 side.

また、貯湯タンク21には、バイパス管28が接続されている。
このバイパス管28は、その一端がヒートポンプ往き管26の途中に切替弁29を介して接続され、他端が給水管24の貯湯タンク21の近傍に接続されている。
切替弁29は、例えば電磁式の三方弁からなり、ヒートポンプ往き管26からバイパス管28を介して貯湯タンク21の下部に(バイパス側に)流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管26から貯湯タンク21の上部に(沸き上げ側に)流路に切り替える第2の状態とに設定可能となっている。
Further, a bypass pipe 28 is connected to the hot water storage tank 21.
One end of the bypass pipe 28 is connected to the heat pump forward pipe 26 via a switching valve 29, and the other end is connected to the vicinity of the hot water storage tank 21 of the water supply pipe 24.
The switching valve 29 is composed of, for example, an electromagnetic three-way valve, and a first state in which the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 via the bypass pipe 28 (to the bypass side), and the heat pump forward pipe 26. Can be set to the second state in which the flow path is switched to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 (to the boiling side).

前記出湯管23は、給水管24から分岐した分岐管30と、給湯混合弁31を介して接続されている。
この給湯混合弁31は、出湯管23を介して取り出された高温水と、分岐管30からの水(水道水)とを混合する弁であり、ユーザーが、後記するリモコン4で設定した給湯設定温度になるように混合比率を制御するものである。
また、給湯混合弁31には給湯管32が接続され、この給湯管32に、給湯混合弁31で混合された湯水の温度を検知する給湯温度センサT5と、湯水の流量を検知する給湯流量センサ34とが設けられている。
また、給湯管32の末端には給湯栓35が設けられ、この給湯栓35が台所、浴室、洗面などに設けられる。なお、前記出湯管23には、貯湯タンク21の加圧を逃がすための加圧逃がし弁38が設けられている。
The hot water discharge pipe 23 is connected to a branch pipe 30 branched from the water supply pipe 24 via a hot water supply mixing valve 31.
This hot-water supply mixing valve 31 is a valve that mixes high-temperature water taken out through the hot-water supply pipe 23 and water (tap water) from the branch pipe 30, and the hot-water supply setting set by the user with the remote controller 4 described later. The mixing ratio is controlled so that the temperature is reached.
A hot water supply pipe 32 is connected to the hot water supply mixing valve 31, and a hot water supply temperature sensor T5 for detecting the temperature of the hot water mixed by the hot water supply mixing valve 31 and a hot water supply flow rate sensor for detecting the flow rate of hot water. 34 is provided.
Further, a hot water tap 35 is provided at the end of the hot water supply pipe 32, and this hot water tap 35 is provided in a kitchen, a bathroom, a bathroom, and the like. The hot water discharge pipe 23 is provided with a pressure relief valve 38 for releasing the pressure of the hot water storage tank 21.

また、本実施形態の貯湯式給湯装置Aには、浴槽Bが設けられている。
この浴槽Bは、ふろ往き管41の一端と、ふろ戻り管42の一端とがそれぞれ接続されている。
また、貯湯タンク21内の上部には、浴槽Bに貯められている湯水を加熱するためのステンレス製の蛇管よりなるふろ熱交換器43が設けられ、このふろ熱交換器43の入口にふろ往き管41の他端が接続され、出口にふろ戻り管42の他端が接続されている。
また、ふろ往き管41には、浴槽Bからふろ熱交換器43へ流れる湯水の温度を検知するふろ往き温度センサT6、および浴槽Bとふろ熱交換器43との間で湯水を循環させるふろ循環ポンプ48が設けられ、ふろ戻り管42には、ふろ熱交換器43から浴槽Bへ流れる湯水の温度を検知するふろ戻り温度センサT7が設けられている。
ふろ循環ポンプ48を作動させることにより浴槽B内に貯められた湯水がふろ熱交換器43に送られて、ふろ熱交換器43で湯水が加熱されることで、浴槽B内の湯水の保温あるいは追い焚きが行われるようになっている。
Moreover, the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus A of this embodiment is provided with a bathtub B.
In the bathtub B, one end of the bath return pipe 41 and one end of the bath return pipe 42 are connected to each other.
Further, a bath heat exchanger 43 made of a stainless steel tube for heating the hot water stored in the bathtub B is provided in the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 21, and the bath heat exchanger 43 is moved to the entrance of the bath heat exchanger 43. The other end of the pipe 41 is connected, and the other end of the return pipe 42 is connected to the outlet.
In addition, the bath pipe 41 has a bath temperature sensor T6 for detecting the temperature of hot water flowing from the bathtub B to the bath heat exchanger 43, and a bath circulation for circulating hot water between the bath B and the bath heat exchanger 43. The pump 48 is provided, and the bath return pipe 42 is provided with a bath return temperature sensor T7 that detects the temperature of hot water flowing from the bath heat exchanger 43 to the bathtub B.
By operating the bath circulation pump 48, hot water stored in the bathtub B is sent to the bath heat exchanger 43, and the hot water is heated in the bath heat exchanger 43, so that the hot water in the bathtub B can be kept warm. There is a catch-up.

また、前記ふろ往き管41は、湯張り管44を介して給湯管32と接続されている。
この湯張り管44には、浴槽Bへの湯張りの開始/停止を行う湯張り弁45と、浴槽Bへの湯張り量をカウントするふろ流量カウンタ46と、浴槽B内の湯水が給湯管32へ逆流するのを防止する逆止弁47とが設けられている。
これにより、浴槽Bを湯張りする場合には、湯張り弁45を開弁することで、後記するリモコン4で所望のふろ温度に設定された湯水が給湯混合弁31から湯張り管44およびふろ往き管41を通って浴槽Bに供給される。
Further, the bath pipe 41 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 32 through a hot water filling pipe 44.
The hot water filling pipe 44 includes a hot water filling valve 45 for starting / stopping hot water filling to the bathtub B, a bath flow counter 46 for counting the amount of hot water filling to the bathtub B, and hot water in the bathtub B to the hot water supply pipe. A check valve 47 is provided to prevent backflow to 32.
Thus, when filling the bathtub B, the hot water valve 45 is opened so that hot water set at a desired bath temperature by the remote controller 4 to be described later is supplied from the hot water supply mixing valve 31 to the hot water pipe 44 and the bath. It is supplied to the bathtub B through the forward pipe 41.

また、前記貯湯タンクユニット2には、給湯制御部3が設けられている。
この給湯制御部3は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)や記憶装置、入出力装置などで構成され、各種温度センサT1〜T7からの温度情報などを取得するとともに、循環ポンプ27、ふろ循環ポンプ48の出力、切替弁29の流路切り替え、給湯混合弁31の混合比率、湯張り弁45の開閉などを制御する。
The hot water storage tank unit 2 is provided with a hot water supply control unit 3.
The hot water supply control unit 3 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, an input / output device, and the like, acquires temperature information from various temperature sensors T1 to T7, and the circulation pump 27 and the bottom circulation pump 48. It controls output, switching of the flow path of the switching valve 29, mixing ratio of the hot water supply mixing valve 31, opening and closing of the hot water filling valve 45, and the like.

前記リモコン4は、給湯温度を設定するための給湯温度設定スイッチ4a、ふろ温度を設定するためのふろ温度設定スイッチ4b、設定されたふろ温度の湯をリモコン4に設けられた湯張り量設定スイッチ(図示せず)で設定された湯張り量で湯張りして所定時間保温するためのふろ自動スイッチ4c、追い焚きを行うための追い焚きスイッチ4d、貯湯タンク21内の湯水を昼間時間帯においても一定量沸き増しさせるための沸き増しスイッチ4e、給湯温度や貯湯タンク21内の残湯量などの表示を行う液晶表示パネルからなる表示部4f、ブザー音や音声案内を行うスピーカ(図示せず)、これらを総合的に制御するリモコン制御部(図示せず)などを備えている。
また、リモコン4は、給湯制御部3と有線または無線により接続され、リモコン4で設定した情報が給湯制御部3に送られる。
The remote controller 4 includes a hot water supply temperature setting switch 4a for setting the hot water supply temperature, a bath temperature setting switch 4b for setting the bath temperature, and a hot water amount setting switch provided in the remote controller 4 for hot water having the set bath temperature. The bath automatic switch 4c for filling the hot water with the amount of hot water set in (not shown) and keeping it warm for a predetermined time, the reheating switch 4d for reheating, and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 in the daytime time zone. In addition, a heating switch 4e for boiling a certain amount, a display unit 4f comprising a liquid crystal display panel for displaying the hot water supply temperature, the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 and the like, a speaker for buzzer sound and voice guidance (not shown) A remote control unit (not shown) for comprehensively controlling them is provided.
The remote controller 4 is connected to the hot water supply control unit 3 by wire or wirelessly, and information set by the remote control 4 is sent to the hot water supply control unit 3.

次に、本実施形態の貯湯式給湯装置Aの運転制御について説明する。
まず、貯湯式給湯装置Aの沸き上げ運転について説明する。
給湯制御部3は、深夜電力時間帯になって、貯湯温度センサT4に基づいて貯湯タンク21内に翌日に必要な熱量が残っていないことを検知すると、ヒートポンプ制御部5に対して沸き上げ開始指令を発する。
この指令を受けたヒートポンプ制御部5は、圧縮機11を起動した後に循環ポンプ27の駆動を開始する。
Next, operation control of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus A of the present embodiment will be described.
First, the boiling operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus A will be described.
When the hot water supply control unit 3 detects that the necessary amount of heat does not remain in the hot water storage tank 21 on the next day based on the hot water storage temperature sensor T4 in the midnight electric power time zone, the heating pump control unit 5 starts boiling. Issue a command.
Upon receiving this command, the heat pump control unit 5 starts driving the circulation pump 27 after starting the compressor 11.

このときの切替弁29は、第2の状態、つまり沸き上げ側(貯湯タンク21の上部側)に流路が切り替えられた状態で、貯湯タンク21内の下部から5〜20℃程度の低温水が取り出され、この取り出された低温水がヒートポンプ戻り管25を介して冷媒−水熱交換器12に送られて70〜90℃程度の高温に加熱される。冷媒−水熱交換器12からヒートポンプ往き管26に送り出された高温水は、貯湯タンク21の上部から貯湯タンク21内に投入される。
ちなみに、貯湯タンク21には、例えば、上部に高温水、下部に低温水が貯められることになるが、これはその温度差により比重差が発生し、温度境界層を形成して比重の軽い高温水が上部に、比重の重い低温水が下部に位置するので、互いに混じり合うことがない。
At this time, the switching valve 29 is in a second state, that is, in a state where the flow path is switched to the boiling side (upper side of the hot water storage tank 21), and low temperature water of about 5 to 20 ° C. The extracted low-temperature water is sent to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 through the heat pump return pipe 25 and heated to a high temperature of about 70 to 90 ° C. The high-temperature water sent from the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 to the heat pump forward pipe 26 is put into the hot water storage tank 21 from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21.
Incidentally, in the hot water storage tank 21, for example, high temperature water is stored in the upper part and low temperature water is stored in the lower part. This is caused by a difference in specific gravity due to the temperature difference, forming a temperature boundary layer and a high temperature with a low specific gravity. Since water is located in the upper part and low-temperature water having a higher specific gravity is located in the lower part, they do not mix with each other.

その後、給湯制御部3では、貯湯温度センサT4から得られる貯湯タンク21の温度分布情報に基づいて必要な熱量が貯湯されたことを検知すると、ヒートポンプ制御部5に対して沸き上げ停止指令を発し、圧縮機11を停止するとともに循環ポンプ27を停止して、沸き上げ運転を終了する。 Thereafter, when the hot water supply control unit 3 detects that the necessary amount of heat has been stored based on the temperature distribution information of the hot water storage tank 21 obtained from the hot water storage temperature sensor T4, it issues a boiling stop command to the heat pump control unit 5. Then, the compressor 11 is stopped and the circulation pump 27 is stopped, and the boiling operation is finished.

また、給湯運転時には、ユーザーが給湯栓35を開弁することにより、給水管24からの給水圧により貯湯タンク21内の高温水が出湯管23に向けて押し出される。
貯湯タンク21から押し出された70〜90℃程度の高温水と、分岐管30からの水とが給湯混合弁31において、ユーザーがリモコン4で設定した給湯温度となるように混合されて給湯管32を介して給湯される。
In addition, during the hot water supply operation, the user opens the hot water tap 35 so that the hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 is pushed out toward the hot water discharge pipe 23 by the supply water pressure from the water supply pipe 24.
The hot water of about 70 to 90 ° C. pushed out from the hot water storage tank 21 and the water from the branch pipe 30 are mixed in the hot water supply mixing valve 31 so that the hot water temperature set by the user with the remote controller 4 is reached. Hot water is supplied through.

次に沸き上げ運転終了直後のようにヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になった後に、冷媒−水熱交換器12から貯湯タンク21下部に高温水が逆流するのを防止する制御について図2のフローチャートに従って説明する。
まずヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になったら(S1)、給湯制御部3は該給湯制御部3内に設けたタイマー(図示せず)をスタートさせ(S2)、そして切替弁29をヒートポンプ往き管26からバイパス管28を介して貯湯タンク21の下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管26から貯湯タンク21の上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御する。(S3)
Next, the control for preventing the high-temperature water from flowing backward from the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 after the heat pump unit 1 is stopped from the operating state as immediately after the boiling operation is finished is shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, when the heat pump unit 1 is changed from the operating state to the stopped state (S1), the hot water supply control unit 3 starts a timer (not shown) provided in the hot water supply control unit 3 (S2), and the switching valve 29 is set to the heat pump. An intermediate position between the first state where the flow path is switched from the forward pipe 26 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 via the bypass pipe 28 and the second state where the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21. Control to be (S3)

これにより、給水から切替弁29、ヒートポンプユニット1のヒートポンプ往き管26、冷媒−水熱交換器12、ヒートポンプユニット1のヒートポンプ戻り管25、貯湯タンク21下部という逆流する経路を切替弁29で遮断するものである。
それにより、冷媒−水熱交換器12で加熱された高温水が貯湯タンク21下部に逆流して貯湯タンク21下部の水の温度を上昇させてしまうのを防止して、ヒートポンプユニット1への給水の温度が上昇してヒートポンプユニット1のCOPの低下や、給湯モード試験COPの低下を防止するものである。
Thus, the switching valve 29 blocks the reverse flow path from the water supply to the switching valve 29, the heat pump forward pipe 26 of the heat pump unit 1, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12, the heat pump return pipe 25 of the heat pump unit 1, and the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21. Is.
This prevents high-temperature water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 from flowing back to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 and increasing the temperature of the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21, thereby supplying water to the heat pump unit 1. This prevents the temperature of the heat pump unit 1 from decreasing and the hot water supply mode test COP from decreasing.

次にヒートポンプユニット1が再運転されるかを検知し(S4)、再運転される時は切替弁29を通常の位置になるように制御して(S5)、その後ヒートポンプユニット1の再運転を開始する。(S6)   Next, it is detected whether the heat pump unit 1 is restarted (S4). When the heat pump unit 1 is restarted, the switching valve 29 is controlled to be in a normal position (S5), and then the heat pump unit 1 is restarted. Start. (S6)

又、(S4)でヒートポンプユニット1が再運転されない時、タイマーがスタートしてから所定時間経過したかを判断し(S7)、所定時間経過していなければ(S4)に戻り、所定時間経過していれば、既に冷媒−水熱交換器12の温度が低下して高温の水が冷媒−水熱交換器12から貯湯タンク21下部に逆流しないと判断し、タイマーの計時を終了して(S8)、(S5)に進むものである。   When the heat pump unit 1 is not restarted in (S4), it is determined whether a predetermined time has elapsed since the timer started (S7). If the predetermined time has not elapsed, the process returns to (S4) and the predetermined time has elapsed. If so, it is determined that the temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 has already dropped and high-temperature water does not flow back from the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21, and the timer timing is ended (S8). ) And (S5).

以上のようにヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になった後に、切替弁29の位置を冷媒−水熱交換器12の温度が高温から低温に下がるまでの所定時間、ヒートポンプ往き管26からバイパス管28を介して貯湯タンク21の下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管26から貯湯タンク21の上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御することで給水から切替弁29、ヒートポンプユニット1のヒートポンプ往き管26、冷媒−水熱交換器12、ヒートポンプユニット1のヒートポンプ戻り管25、貯湯タンク21下部という逆流する経路を切替弁29で遮断するので、冷媒−水熱交換器12で加熱された高温水が貯湯タンク21下部に逆流して貯湯タンク21下部の水の温度を上昇させてしまうのを防止して、ヒートポンプユニット1への給水の温度が上昇してヒートポンプユニット1のCOPの低下や、給湯モード試験COPの低下を防止するものである。   As described above, after the heat pump unit 1 is stopped from the operating state, the position of the switching valve 29 is bypassed from the heat pump forward pipe 26 for a predetermined time until the temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 falls from high temperature to low temperature. Control is performed so as to be in an intermediate position between the first state where the flow path is switched to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 via the pipe 28 and the second state where the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21. As a result, the switching valve 29 blocks the reverse flow path from the water supply to the switching valve 29, the heat pump forward pipe 26 of the heat pump unit 1, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12, the heat pump return pipe 25 of the heat pump unit 1, and the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21. Therefore, the high-temperature water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 flows back to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 to change the temperature of the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21. And prevented from being allowed to rise, the temperature of the water supply to the heat pump unit 1 is raised lowering of COP of the heat pump unit 1, thereby preventing the deterioration of the hot water supply mode test COP.

尚、本実施例ではヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になった後から所定時間、切替弁29の位置をヒートポンプ往き管26からバイパス管28を介して貯湯タンク21の下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管26から貯湯タンク21の上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御するがこれに限定されず、ヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になった後、熱交換器入口温度センサT1の検知温度により冷媒−水熱交換器12から貯湯タンク21下部に逆流する温水の温度を判断し、ヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になった後、熱交換器入口温度センサT1の検知温度が所定温度まで低下するまで切替弁29の位置をヒートポンプ往き管26からバイパス管28を介して貯湯タンク21の下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管26から貯湯タンク21の上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御するようにしてもよいものである。   In the present embodiment, the position of the switching valve 29 is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 via the bypass pipe 28 for a predetermined time after the heat pump unit 1 is stopped from the operating state. Control is performed so that the first state and the second state where the flow is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 are switched, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat pump unit 1 is in an operating state. After entering the stop state, the temperature of the hot water flowing back from the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 is determined based on the temperature detected by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor T1, and the heat pump unit 1 is changed from the operation state to the stop state. After that, the position of the switching valve 29 is bypassed from the heat pump forward pipe 26 until the temperature detected by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor T1 decreases to a predetermined temperature. The intermediate position between the first state where the flow path is switched to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 via the hot pipe 28 and the second state where the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21. It may be controlled.

それによりヒートポンプユニット1が運転状態から停止状態になった後に、切替弁29の位置を熱交換器入口温度センサT1の検知温度が所定温度まで低下するまで、つまり冷媒−水熱交換器12の温度が高温から低温に下がるまで、ヒートポンプ往き管26からバイパス管28を介して貯湯タンク21の下部に流路を切り替える第1の状態と、ヒートポンプ往き管26から貯湯タンク21の上部に流路に切り替える第2の状態との中間の位置となるように制御することで給水から切替弁29、ヒートポンプユニット1のヒートポンプ往き管26、冷媒−水熱交換器12、ヒートポンプユニット1のヒートポンプ戻り管25、貯湯タンク21下部という逆流する経路を切替弁29で遮断するので、冷媒−水熱交換器12で加熱された高温水が貯湯タンク21下部に逆流して貯湯タンク21下部の水の温度を上昇させてしまうのを防止して、ヒートポンプユニット1への給水の温度が上昇してヒートポンプユニット1のCOPの低下や、給湯モード試験COPの低下を防止するものである。   As a result, after the heat pump unit 1 is stopped from the operating state, the position of the switching valve 29 is changed until the temperature detected by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor T1 is lowered to a predetermined temperature, that is, the temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12. Until the temperature drops from high temperature to low temperature, the first state in which the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 via the bypass pipe 28, and the flow path is switched from the heat pump forward pipe 26 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21. By controlling so as to be in an intermediate position with respect to the second state, the switching valve 29 from the water supply, the heat pump forward pipe 26 of the heat pump unit 1, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12, the heat pump return pipe 25 of the heat pump unit 1, the hot water storage Since the reverse flow path of the lower part of the tank 21 is blocked by the switching valve 29, the high-temperature water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 12 is The temperature of the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 is prevented from flowing back to the lower part of the hot water tank 21 and the temperature of the water supply to the heat pump unit 1 is increased to lower the COP of the heat pump unit 1 and the hot water supply mode. This prevents a decrease in the test COP.

1 加熱手段
3 制御部
11 圧縮機
12 冷媒−水熱交換器
13 膨張弁
14 蒸発器
21 貯湯タンク
24 給水管
25 流出管
26 流入管
28 バイパス管
29 切替弁
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating means 3 Control part 11 Compressor 12 Refrigerant-water heat exchanger 13 Expansion valve 14 Evaporator 21 Hot water storage tank 24 Water supply pipe 25 Outflow pipe 26 Inflow pipe 28 Bypass pipe 29 Switching valve

Claims (2)

貯湯タンクと、圧縮機と冷媒−水熱交換器と膨張弁と蒸発器とを備え、前記貯湯タンクの下部から取り出した温水を加熱する加熱手段と、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクから前記加熱手段に送る流出管と、前記加熱手段で生成された温水を前記貯湯タンクの上部に送る流入管と、前記流入管から分岐して設けられ、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクの下部に送るバイパス管と、一端が前記バイパス管に接続されている給水管と、前記流入管を通過する前記温水の流れを前記バイパス管側に切り替える第1の状態と、前記貯湯タンクの上部側に切り替える第2の状態とに設定可能な切替弁とを備えた貯湯式給湯装置に於いて、前記加熱手段が運転を停止してから所定時間が経過するまで、切替弁の位置を前記第1の状態と第2の状態との中間の位置に制御する制御部を備えたことを特徴とする貯湯式給湯装置。   A hot water storage tank, a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator; heating means for heating hot water taken out from a lower portion of the hot water storage tank; and the hot water from the hot water storage tank to the heating means. An outflow pipe to be sent, an inflow pipe for sending the hot water generated by the heating means to the upper part of the hot water storage tank, a bypass pipe which is branched from the inflow pipe and sends the hot water to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, and one end A water supply pipe connected to the bypass pipe, a first state where the flow of the hot water passing through the inflow pipe is switched to the bypass pipe side, and a second state where the hot water tank is switched to the upper side of the hot water storage tank In a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus including a switchable valve, the position of the switch valve is changed between the first state and the second state until a predetermined time elapses after the heating unit stops operating. Control to the middle position Hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising a that controller. 貯湯タンクと、圧縮機と冷媒−水熱交換器と膨張弁と蒸発器とを備え、前記貯湯タンクの下部から取り出した温水を加熱する加熱手段と、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクから前記加熱手段に送る流出管と、該流出管に設けられた熱交換器入口温度検知手段と、前記加熱手段で生成された温水を前記貯湯タンクの上部に送る流入管と、前記流入管から分岐して設けられ、前記温水を前記貯湯タンクの下部に送るバイパス管と、一端が前記バイパス管に接続されている給水管と、前記流入管を通過する前記温水の流れを前記バイパス管側に切り替える第1の状態と、前記貯湯タンクの上部側に切り替える第2の状態とに設定可能な切替弁とを備えた貯湯式給湯装置に於いて、前記加熱手段が運転を停止してから前記熱交換器入口温度検知手段の検知温度が所定温度以下になるまで、切替弁の位置を前記第1の状態と第2の状態との中間の位置に制御する制御部を備えたことを特徴とする貯湯式給湯装置。   A hot water storage tank, a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator; heating means for heating hot water taken out from a lower portion of the hot water storage tank; and the hot water from the hot water storage tank to the heating means. An outflow pipe to be sent, a heat exchanger inlet temperature detection means provided in the outflow pipe, an inflow pipe for sending the hot water generated by the heating means to the upper part of the hot water storage tank, and a branch from the inflow pipe. A first state in which the bypass pipe for sending the hot water to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, a water supply pipe having one end connected to the bypass pipe, and the flow of the hot water passing through the inflow pipe to the bypass pipe side And a switching valve that can be set to a second state for switching to the upper side of the hot water storage tank, the heat exchanger inlet temperature detection after the heating means has stopped operating Mean temperature of detection There decreased below a predetermined temperature, the hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus characterized by comprising a control unit for controlling the position of the switching valve in an intermediate position between said first and second states.
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