JP2012025725A - Method for producing granular agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a granular agent which can maintain an effect of catching and killing away harmful virus, harmful fungi, harmful insects or harmful wildlife species, and which prevents pollution such as scattering which has been a problem upon spraying heretofore.SOLUTION: The voids or surface of an adsorbent such as natural zeolite is impregnated and stuck with a high concentration liquid agent (an insecticide, a bactericide, a repellent or an antiviral agent), its surface is covered with a covering agent including a slowly elutable agent (such as vinyl alcohol), the speed of the elution of the agent caused by water is controlled, and also, adhesion is imparted thereto.

Description

The present invention relates to the production of a granular drug capable of continuously maintaining effects such as harmful viruses, harmful fungi, pest control or repelling of birds and beasts in the agricultural and livestock industries.

Technology background

Conventionally, there are many cases where harmful viruses or harmful fungi have adverse effects on their products in agricultural livestock production, and this influence has become an obstacle to the reduction of food production efficiency and the promotion of food self-sufficiency rate due to the decrease in productivity. In addition, birds and beasts cause damage to agricultural products and the damage is enormous. Examples of these include root rot caused by long-term rainfall in agriculture, or common scab disease caused by potato cultivation. In the livestock industry, foot-and-mouth disease virus or avian virus has become a major problem worldwide. Sustainable measures are needed. In addition, in terms of pest control, there are cases in which it is very difficult to control termites in buildings, regardless of the agricultural and livestock industry, or to control root worms that parasitize echinocox, trees, turf, etc. in park sandboxes. Many. These harmful substances are collectively referred to as harmful substances hereinafter. As a countermeasure against these harmful substances, a method of increasing the disinfection effect by distributing liquid, powdery or granular chemicals is generally used, and these drugs are mostly adopted as short-term disinfection or preventive measures. It was. However, these methods are often used outdoors, and are affected by rainfall. The effect is attenuated or scattered in a short period of time, and the target harmful substance extermination effect is invalidated. Therefore, repeated spraying of chemicals is necessary, human rights expenses and drug consumption in actual work are enormous, and in order to continuously produce effective effects, detailed work such as detailed distribution is required. Was common. In view of these facts, the present inventor has eagerly solved these background problems by providing a drug that can exhibit a sustained effect and is suitable for various purposes in consideration of workability.
Furthermore, in spraying chemicals, the distribution of liquid chemicals is mostly affected by the weather at that time, and for example, in many cases, such as rainy weather and strong winds, it is not possible to perform chemical spraying work. Under the weather, there was a high risk of causing chemical loss and causing pollution problems due to scattering, and the financial burden due to chemical loss was high. In addition, there was no idea that the drug was kept weakly sticking to restrict and capture the movement of harmful substances and taken into the medicinal atmosphere and killed. In consideration of these facts, provision of a new distribution drug that can effectively kill or eliminate harmful substances with a small amount of chemical solution has been attempted.
"The Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 55: 575-579: 2002" "Porous Adsorbent Handbook: 2005: Fuji Techno System Co., Ltd." [Agricultural Dictionary: 2001/3 Asakura Shobo] [Encyclopedia of Plant Pests: 2002 Asakura Shobo] [Agricultural Handbook: Agricultural and Fishing Village Cultural Association] [Japanese Agricultural Pest Encyclopedia: Japan Rural Education Association, 2002/5] [Natural enemy encyclopedia; 1997 Somorisha] [Adsorption Technology Handbook 1999 NTT Corporation] [Adhesion Technology Handbook 1999 Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun] [New Paper Pulp Encyclopedia: National Paper Pulp Association] [Encyclopedia of charcoal and wood vinegar: 1996 Yokendo] [How to prevent birds and beasts: 2000 Lights Association] []

The present inventor provides a new material in consideration of the problem of the method of simply disseminating a liquid, powdery, or granular drug conventionally proposed in [Technical Background] to enhance the extermination effect. It was decided to solve the problem.
The present inventor is concerned with the conventional virus killing or sterilizing chemical spraying work in the agricultural and livestock industry and the effect thereof, and when it is raining during or immediately after the outdoor spraying work, the probability of chemical loss is extremely high. It was found that there are many cases in which it is often impossible to demonstrate, and it is necessary to rework the distribution. In addition, the same thing occurs in the control of harmful insect pests in agriculture, and it has been found that direct distribution of chemicals has limited soil absorption and has a high loss loss rate due to rainfall. In addition, the increase in the amount used to exert the effect of chemicals has a great impact on river pollution problems and ecosystems, and in order to reduce production costs in the agriculture and livestock industry, the number of distribution work man-hours is reduced. I also found that it was necessary and urgent. In recent years, there has been an increase in damage to birds and beasts in agriculture, and repellents have been developed to keep the damage to a minimum. However, there is a need for a drug that can sustain its effects continuously. It was an object to provide a long lasting effect by adsorbing a chemical solution (hereinafter referred to as a chemical solution) that can be expected to have an effect on an attachable substance. In view of these circumstances, the present inventor considers workability by adsorbing to a substance (hereinafter referred to as an adsorbent) capable of adsorbing a chemical solution according to various uses as described above, and further integrating with an elution retarder. The development of an effective manufacturing method for providing a granular material (hereinafter referred to as a granule) that can continuously exert the extermination and extinction effect of harmful substances processed so that the chemical solution elutes in a timely manner according to the purpose. It was.

Means for Solving the Invention

The invention's effect

The effects of the present invention are as follows.
The details of claim 1 according to the present invention will be described.
Claim 1 uses the adsorbent (1), the chemical liquid (2), and the granulated material (3) when manufacturing the granule, and the adsorbent (1) is forcibly impregnated with the chemical liquid (2). It is a manufacturing method which coat | covers with the granulated material (3) which has chemical | medical solution holding. Although the production process of this method is slightly different depending on the particle size of the adsorbent (1), those examples are shown in FIG. 1 as production process diagrams. The manufactured granule (13) is not easily affected by external factors, is not easily washed away by sudden heavy rain or long-term rainfall, etc., and it is important that the drug solution is gradually eluted and can exert its effect over the long term. 2) is forcibly included in the adsorbent (1) within a short time, and the adsorbent is covered with a granulating material (3) that exhibits adhesiveness in the presence of moisture. Furthermore, when the granulated material (3) is described in detail, it has already been mentioned that it is preferable to elute gradually in the presence of water. The granulating material (3) applicable to this production can adjust the solubility of polyvinyl-based, polylactic acid-based, oxidized starch-based, natural clay, galamite, etc. and does not cause pollution problems It is preferable that The reason is that it is well known that the life and death of harmful substances are affected by the presence of moisture, and the granulated material (3) in the present invention has a sticky granule component eluted by rainwater, etc. , And exerts the effect of preventing the chemical solution from flowing out and scattering, and also exhibits the effect of capturing harmful substances with the adhesiveness of the granules.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention is as follows.
(1) In the present invention, the adsorbent (1) is allowed to absorb the chemical liquid (2) in the adsorption step (6), and after the chemical liquid (1) is absorbed, the granule ( Basically, a granule is produced by including a chemical solution in the granulation step (12) so as to be covered in 3) to obtain the intended granule (13).
(2) The use of the adsorbent (1) in the present invention has already been described. Examples of the adsorbent (1) that can be used include natural zeolite, activated carbon, carbide, silica gel, ceramic hydroxyabatite, biomass type, and the like having fine voids therein, but can adsorb moisture. Any material can be used. Although each of these adsorbents (1) has a different size and amount of fine voids, the adsorbent (1) can be used as long as it matches the purpose of the present invention in which the internal air portion and the chemical solution are replaced and retained in the chemical solution impregnation.
(3) Next, the chemical solution is different depending on the object to be used and will not be described in detail here. For example, a liquid or water-compatible one such as chlorine compound, iodine compound, wood vinegar solution, or other organic chemical solution is used. Is possible. Special consideration must be given to the impact on the ecosystem, environmental pollution, and price. In consideration of this point, an effective chemical solution must be selected depending on the object of harmful substances. The same applies to avian and animal repellents.
(4) The granulated material (3) is important for the granule to effectively eliminate harmful substances, and can hold a plurality of chemical solutions (2) at the same time, and gradually with water over time. Any one that dissolves and releases a chemical solution or is inexpensive can meet the object of the present invention. Examples include polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, and oxidized starch.
(5) Next, the manufacturing mode will be described in detail. The adsorption step (6) impregnated with the chemical (2) in the void (14) of the adsorbent (1) is possible even at low temperatures, but after the adsorbent (1) is heated to 50 ° C. or higher and immersed in the chemical A method of replacing the air in the gap with the chemical solution by reducing the pressure can complete the process in the shortest time. In particular, when the chemical liquid (2) is viscous, the chemical liquid viscosity can be reduced, which is effective. This method is a method in which a large amount of chemical solution (2) is retained and finally the granule (product) (13) effect is sustained. Taking natural zeolite as an example, it has been found that a chemical solution (2) can be substituted in the gap (14) by 100 g or more with respect to 1000 g of a natural zeolite sample. After completion of the adsorption process, the excess chemical solution is removed by the natural dropping method until it is no longer dripped. After the steps up to this step, the gel material containing the separately prepared chemical (2) is coated with the intermediate manufacturing step (10), and then the surface is covered with the covering material (11), and further necessary. And dried to give granules (product) (13).
(6) The granulation step is a method in which the covering material (11) is coated and covered on the surface of the intermediate to form a double-structured particle. The configuration is shown in FIG. The film thickness may be 1 micron or more, and is manufactured by changing the film thickness depending on the purpose of use. That is, the film thickness of the granule (product) (13) according to the present invention is a matter outside the range that is particularly restricted.
(7) Next, when the adsorbent (1) is in the form of fine particles or powder, the fine granule adsorbent (1) that has undergone the adsorption step is preferably granulated (3) and preferably has a small diameter of 1 mm or more. It is also possible to produce a granulated product having a larger diameter by using the granulated material (3). In this case, it is effective in terms of cost to use as the granulating material (3) a material that exhibits natural viscosity such as clay or a starch-based material.
(8) As described in (4), the granule (13) produced by the production method gradually elutes a small amount of adhesive chemical solution due to moisture or rain in the soil, It stays inside and repeats non-eluting at the time of drying, and it elutes only when necessary, and since the eluate is viscous, it tends to stay in the soil and is more effective in removing harmful substances.
(9) The product manufactured in this way can improve the effect by distributing it to the sterilized / virus-killed or pre-control target, region and place by the granule distribution method.

以下、参考として、薬液の水溶出試験方法を下記に示す。
本件に関しては、特にＪＩＳに規定された試験方法がないので、使用現場に則した方法を採用した。
１０００ｇの薬品含有粒剤（製品）を下部に細孔を配置した容器に充填し、その上部から５０ｃｃ／分のスピードで２０℃の水を水滴状にして撒布した。この操作を５分間継続し、底部に溜まった薬液量を含む水の水素イオン濃度を測定した。
さらに、２４時間放置した後、同一条件を以って同様の試験を継続した。
結果を表１に示した。その結果、口蹄疫ウイルス殺撲滅効果を発揮できる水素イオン濃度の酸性側上限がｐＨ６とすれば、３０日以上の効果を示した。Examples of production techniques relating to the granules of the invention will be described below.
First, as an adsorbent (1) to be used, a natural zeolite having a particle diameter of 3 to 5 mm (manufactured by Hokkaido Zeolite Co., Ltd.) having innumerable fine voids (14) inside as shown in FIG. It was used. The natural zeolite is obtained by mining a raw stone in Niki-cho, Hokkaido and calcining it in a kiln for calcining of Hokkaido Zeolite Co., Ltd. at 400 to 450 ° C. to disperse water molecules in the internal void portion (14). This product has an ion exchange function, and also has a function of exchanging beneficial components such as soil or surplus minerals and releasing active hydrogen by ion exchange. The amount of water substitution in the void portion (14) of the calcined natural zeolite was 18 grams of water with respect to 100 g of natural zeolite in the simultaneous measurement including the surface adhering water. It can be assumed that the amount of water that permeates into the voids (14) of the zeolite and replaces the air inside is 11 g per 100 g of zeolite. That is, it is proved that the adsorbent can hold a large amount of water and can be replaced with the same amount of chemical solution. Another reason why the present inventor has adopted natural zeolite as the adsorbent (1) is that it is a natural product, and the natural zeolite has an ion exchange function after achieving the intended long-term release of the chemical solution. This is because the component is recognized as a soil conditioner that can be expected to prevent the runoff due to rain.
Next, since it is desirable that the granule (13) as the final product has a large amount of chemical solution, it is applied so that the surface of the material 2 is covered with a gel-like material containing the chemical solution. To do. Examples of the gelling agent include gelatin made of animal protein, agar, which is a seaweed component, and vegetable pectin. Gelatin is preferably used in this example because the strength of the gelled product is required. Gelatin is a food additive and can be solidified regardless of acidity or alkalinity without causing harmful substances by decomposition, and the chemical solution (2) can be directly mixed, or an emulsifying agent such as a surfactant in the oil component A liquid admixture that can be easily gelled can be formed by emulsifying the mixture by mixing and then mixing.
Next, the covering material (11) related to the final coating is a low molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol product (Denka Co., Ltd. product) that has no adverse effect on plants or animals and can easily adjust water solubility, A chemically stable material at a temperature below ℃ was used.
Next, as the medicinal solution (12), the foot-and-mouth disease virus is weak in an acidic atmosphere and may be killed in a pH of 6 or less because a theme for producing granules for controlling the foot-and-mouth disease virus is selected in this embodiment. It was known that, on the alkali side, it was known that an atmosphere of pH 13 or higher was necessary. However, the issue is that it is highly contagious and always maintains an environment for virus eradication. That is, a drug that can exert a long-term effect as in the present invention has been desired. Taking these into consideration, as the chemical solution, 50% pyroligneous acid aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as “chemical solution A”) extracted from the smoke generated during the production of charcoal was adopted as the chemical solution (2). This undiluted solution has a pH of 3 and extremely strong acidity, and its viscosity is almost similar to water, and it has been proved that it is suitable for controlling foot-and-mouth disease virus. However, until now, since the chemical solution A is in a liquid state, there has been only a removal method by spraying as usual.
The present inventor provided the above materials as products by a novel manufacturing technique. The manufacturing technique will be described below. [FIG. 1] shows a procedure related to manufacturing, and [FIG. 2] shows a material change configuration until product manufacture in the manufacturing process.
First, 10 kg of natural zeolite 5 mm product is placed in a vacuum vessel, and then the chemical solution A (18) is filled so that the liquid level exceeds the natural zeolite surface, heated to 50 ° C., and lightly decompressed after the temperature rises. The degree of decompression is determined by the diameter of the adsorbent (1). At that time, a large amount of bubbles are generated from the surface of the natural zeolite, so that the air inside the natural zeolite (14) may be replaced with the chemical solution A. found. The amount reaches about 5 kg, and when the temperature is raised to 50 ° C., the air inside the natural zeolite expands and can be easily replaced with the chemical solution A, and processing in a short time becomes possible. The end of replacement can be determined in the state where there is no more bubbles. In this way, a chemical-containing granule was produced.
Next, the intermediate manufacturing process will be described in detail. The natural zeolite containing the chemical solution is further covered with a chemical solution-containing gelable material. The drug solution-containing gelable product was prepared by dissolving gelatin in the drug solution A. Warm up chemical solution A, a 50% concentration of wood vinegar solution, to 70 ° C, then add gelatin powder while stirring and liquefy it. did. Next, the natural zeolite impregnated with the chemical solution A is charged, applied so that the surface is covered with a chemical solution-containing gelable material, allowed to cool and gelled and solidified. In this operation, if the fine powder is adhered to the surface before being left to cool, it is possible to further avoid the bonding between the particles. The fine powder is preferably a natural mineral type such as calcium carbonate, talc, and galamite.
After adding and dispersing 5 g of powdered gelatine into 100 cc of a 50% concentration of pyroligneous water at a temperature of 25 ° C. in small portions, after raising the temperature to 50 ° C. and completely dissolving it, the natural zeolite containing the drug solution A was charged and mixed. An intermediate is immediately produced by a granular intermediate production process. The intermediate is manufactured by dropping a certain amount of the intermediate before gelation on the fine powder in a drum rotary device at a constant interval and then rapidly cooling it. Gelatin solidifies while rotating on a drum rotating device, and an intermediate that is not viscous at room temperature is formed with cooling. Although this intermediate can be used as it is, it is preferable to cover the surface with a granulating material (3) to form a skin for the purpose of slow elution. As the granulating material (3), polyvinyl alcohol manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd. was used.
Next, it is well known that polyvinyl alcohol has excellent compatibility with water, and the solidified product gradually dissolves through water.
Next, 1000 g of polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in 500 cc of water and completely dissolved to prepare a polyvinyl solution. Thereafter, the intermediate was put into a granulator, a skin was formed while dripping the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then dried to produce a granule (13). The elution degree of wood vinegar in the present invention can be adjusted by the solubility and saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol forming the epidermis in water, and in this example, brand B-17 (saponification degree 88, average polymerization degree 1700). It was used. Regarding the practical use of the granule (13) according to the present invention, the pH change of water due to elution over time with water was measured. As a result, it became clear that the area of the effect of killing foot-and-mouth disease virus can be sustained. The results are shown in Table 1.

For reference, the water dissolution test method for chemicals is shown below.
In this case, since there is no test method specified in JIS, a method according to the use site was adopted.
1000 g of a drug-containing granule (product) was filled in a container having pores arranged in the lower part, and 20 ° C. water was sprayed from the upper part at a speed of 50 cc / min. This operation was continued for 5 minutes, and the hydrogen ion concentration of water containing the amount of the chemical solution accumulated at the bottom was measured.
Further, after being left for 24 hours, the same test was continued under the same conditions.
The results are shown in Table 1. As a result, if the acid side upper limit of the hydrogen ion concentration capable of eradicating the effect of killing foot-and-mouth disease virus is pH 6, an effect of 30 days or more was shown.

It describes as manufacture of the repellent for granular birds and beasts as [Example 2].
A pseudo bait which is made into a repellent granule or has a repellent inside is manufactured by the manufacturing method as described in Example 1, and it is distributed and eaten by the birds and beasts so as to exert an effect by elution in the stomach. This is a method in which the eaten birds and beasts do not appear in the area afterwards due to the repellent effect. This is a method that uses the learning ability to prevent harmful birds and beasts from approaching the distribution site, and is effective. This pseudo bait is not intended to kill, but to eliminate birds and beasts that seem harmful to humans until they get tired. The repellent was produced for the above purpose.
Next, the present embodiment will be described as manufacturing a repellent for "crow" which is an environmental problem. Ethylated rubitol [pentane-1,2 dicarboxylic acid bis] was employed as a repellent that heals crows. This repellent is adsorbed on the adsorbent (1) as in Example 1. As the adsorbent (1), a natural zeolite (manufactured by Hokkaido Zeolite) 2 mm product, which is a harmless substance, was used. As a first operation, the material 1 is sufficiently impregnated with the repellent xxx. Next, after separately dissolving 500 g of gelatin in 2000 cc of warm water, 200 g of dry meat powder preferred by crows is mixed and dispersed in the solution, and then the natural zeolite containing the repellent is covered with this gelatin solution and cooled. The fluidity was lost and the whole was solidified. This core contains a repellent and the surface is covered with gelatin filled with meat powder, which the crow prefers, to make the product as it is, or with a 70 ° C. polyvinyl alcohol covering agent solution mixed with meat powder. It was covered and solidified by cooling, so that two types were obtained which covered the stickiness of the surface or insufficient strength of gelatin. It has been demonstrated that crows eat this granule, and after eating, the polyvinyl alcohol film and gelatin layer easily dissolve inside the stomach of the crow, and the repellent contained in the natural zeolite is eluted. The repellent produced in this way can be used as another material corresponding to meat powder because of the learning ability of crows, and an effect can be expected. There is no provision for the shape, color, etc. of repellents, and an occasional replacement method is also required as a long-term measure. Similarly, a product manufactured by the same method can be provided as a repellent material in the case of suffering damages such as deer, dear bears, and foxes.

There are a wide variety of pests that inhabit the soil, and the types are endless. This example describes an example of a larvae control agent that inhabits soil that causes damage to plant roots.
The target of the pesticide in this example is a beetle larva which is called a rootworm and is extremely harmful to plant growth or fruit growth. It is well known that minimizing damage to agricultural producers is a difficult task, and in particular, chemical spraying has chemical damage problems in flowering, fruiting, and harvesting, and nowadays it is necessary to reduce pesticides. The reality is that the amount of chemical used must be limited. Due to the tendency of pesticide-free and reduced pesticides, chemical dispersion and runoff were problems as environmental pollution.
In accordance with the present invention, the present inventor provided a granular insect repellent capable of controlling root beetles that are larvae of the chafer beetle, and confirmed the effect. There are many friends of the chafer beetle, and these chafers are harmful insects for both adults and larvae. We have provided this pesticide in consideration of the fact that planted vegetables, turf, trees, etc. are severely damaged every year. The chaban beetle larva is a pest that inhabits the roots such as yew and lotus cups and cuts the roots to remove the nutrients. Trees parasitized by the chafer beetle have had their roots cut and deprived of their nutrients, causing phenomena such as failure of growth, poor fruiting, and death. Especially, poor fruiting was a problem because it caused great damage to the harvest. This larva has a habitat in the soil, and until now, a method of regularly distributing liquid chemicals has been adopted. However, it is often affected by the weather, and the chemical spillage in rainy weather has been a problem. As a countermeasure, we decided to manufacture and provide a granular insect repellent. The manufacturing method will be described below.
A 1000 cc diluted solution of the insecticide Ortran was placed in a container, and 5000 g of 5 mm diameter natural zeolite was put therein. Natural zeolite was removed by the net in the voids possessed, and a material 1 containing an insecticide was obtained. Next, 100 g of gelatin is dissolved in 1000 cc of the 50 ° C. insecticide ortholan dilution, and this chemical solution-containing zeolite is immersed in the 50 ° C. insecticide ortholan dilution, and then the excess liquid is removed and cooled. In this case, rapid cooling is preferred, and a temperature of 10 ° C. or less is preferred. Since the surface of the intermediate product thus produced was insufficient in strength, a polyvinyl alcohol solution was applied to form a film in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 to obtain a product.

Granule manufacturing process diagram Changes in granule production

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Adsorbent 2 Chemical liquid 3 Granulated material 4 Temperature rising 5 Depressurization 6 Adsorption process 7 Room temperature and normal pressure 8 Excess chemical liquid removal process 9 Dissolving and mixing process 10 Intermediate manufacturing process 11 Covering material 12 Granulation process 13 Granule (Product )
14 Cavity 15 Chemical Solution Filling Cavity 16 Chemical Solution Containing Gel 17 17 Wrap Material 18 50% Wood Vinegar Solution (Chemical Solution A)

Claims (1)

By adsorbing and impregnating high concentration chemical solution into the void or surface of the adsorbent material, covering the surface with a covering material containing a chemical solution that can be slowly eluted, adjusting the dissolution rate of the chemical solution with water, and imparting adhesiveness A granular drug manufacturing method that kills harmful viruses, harmful fungi, and harmful insects, and also exerts repellent effects on harmful birds and beasts.

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