JP2012022913A - Push button switch member and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Push button switch member and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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JP2012022913A
JP2012022913A JP2010160390A JP2010160390A JP2012022913A JP 2012022913 A JP2012022913 A JP 2012022913A JP 2010160390 A JP2010160390 A JP 2010160390A JP 2010160390 A JP2010160390 A JP 2010160390A JP 2012022913 A JP2012022913 A JP 2012022913A
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support member
push button
key
pressing
button switch
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Tatsufumi Oba
達文 大場
Takashi Kawamura
崇 川村
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Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a push button switch member which gives a good click feeling when pushed, and also to provide a manufacturing method of the push button switch member.SOLUTION: A push button switch member 2 comprises: keys 3 or a keyboard to be pushed; and support members 5 for supporting the keys 3 or the keyboard. On the back side of each support member 5, a pushing element 6, which is harder than the support member 5, is fastened to a position overlapping each of the key 3 or the keyboard in a pushing direction. The pushing element 6 has a projection 11 on its back side. The projection 11 has a tip end whose projection area seen from an operation surface is smaller than a dome part constituting a dome-shaped switch member.

Description

本発明は、押釦スイッチ用部材およびその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a member for a push button switch and a manufacturing method thereof.

従来から、携帯電話および携帯情報端末装置(PDA)等の電子機器の操作部に押釦スイッチが用いられている。たとえば、押釦スイッチは、押釦スイッチ用部材と、押釦スイッチ用部材に対向して設けられたスイッチ部材を有する基板とから主に構成されている。押釦スイッチ用部材は、ユーザが押圧するためのキートップを弾性体からなるキーパッドに固着している。そのため、ユーザがキートップを押圧することで、キーパッドを押し下げ、スイッチをオンあるいはオフできる。また、キーパッドの裏面に、スイッチ部材と押圧方向で重なる位置に、スイッチ部材を押し込むことを容易にするための押圧子を一体化して形成しているものがある(たとえば、特許文献1を参照)。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, pushbutton switches have been used in operation units of electronic devices such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). For example, the push button switch is mainly composed of a push button switch member and a substrate having a switch member provided facing the push button switch member. In the push button switch member, a key top to be pressed by a user is fixed to a keypad made of an elastic body. Therefore, when the user presses the key top, the keypad can be pressed down and the switch can be turned on or off. In addition, there is one in which a pressing member for facilitating pressing the switch member is formed integrally with the back surface of the keypad at a position overlapping the switch member in the pressing direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

特開2003−178639号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-178639

しかし、特許文献1に記載のキーパッドでは、以下のような問題がある。押圧子がキーパッドと同じ弾性体から形成されているため、キートップの裏面からスイッチ部材までの距離が長い場合には、押圧子が容易に変形しやすく、押圧した際のクリック感が生じ難い。   However, the keypad described in Patent Document 1 has the following problems. Since the presser is formed of the same elastic body as the keypad, when the distance from the back surface of the key top to the switch member is long, the presser is easily deformed and the click feeling when pressed is less likely to occur. .

そこで、本発明は、かかる問題を解消すべくなされたものであって、押圧した際のクリック感がよい押釦スイッチ用部材およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a member for a push button switch having a good click feeling when pressed and a method for manufacturing the same.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の押釦スイッチ用部材の一実施の形態は、押圧するためのキーあるいはキー集合板と、キーあるいはキー集合板を支持する支持部材と、を有し、支持部材の裏面側には、キーあるいはキー集合板と押圧方向で重なる位置に、支持部材よりも硬質の押圧子が固着されると共に、押圧子は、その裏面側に、ドーム式のスイッチ部材を構成するドーム部より操作面から見た投影面積の小さな面積の先端を有する突出部を備えるものとしている。   In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of a member for a push button switch of the present invention has a key for pressing or a key assembly plate, and a support member for supporting the key or key assembly plate, On the back side of the member, a presser harder than the support member is fixed at a position overlapping with the key or the key assembly plate in the pressing direction, and the presser constitutes a dome-type switch member on the back side. The dome portion is provided with a protruding portion having a tip having a small projected area as viewed from the operation surface.

さらに、押圧子および支持部材は、透光性の樹脂から構成され得る。   Furthermore, the pressing element and the support member can be made of a translucent resin.

さらに、押圧子の支持部材と固着する側には、フランジが形成され得る。   Further, a flange can be formed on the side of the presser that is fixed to the support member.

さらに、フランジは、裏面側に面取り部を有し得る。   Furthermore, the flange may have a chamfered portion on the back side.

さらに、支持部材のキートップと固着する部分は、キートップ方向に突出する台座部を有し得る。   Further, the portion of the support member that is fixed to the key top may have a pedestal that protrudes in the key top direction.

さらに、台座部の一部には、内側へ凹む凹部が設けられ得る。   Furthermore, the recessed part dented inward may be provided in a part of base part.

また、本発明の押釦スイッチ用部材の製造方法の一実施の形態は、押圧するためのキーあるいはキー集合板が固着された支持部材と、キーあるいはキー集合板と押圧方向で重なる位置に、支持部材よりも硬質の押圧子が固着されると共に、押圧子の裏面側には、ドーム式のスイッチ部材を構成するドーム部より操作面から見た投影面積の小さな面積の先端を有する突出部が設けられた押釦スイッチ用部材の製造方法であって、押圧子を金型に配置する配置ステップと、弾性体の原料を配置して、押圧子と弾性体とをインサート成型する成形ステップと、を含む。   Further, in one embodiment of the method for manufacturing a member for a push button switch of the present invention, a support member to which a key for pressing or a key assembly plate is fixed, and a position overlapping with the key or the key assembly plate in the pressing direction are supported. A pressing member that is harder than the member is fixed, and a protruding portion having a tip having a smaller projected area as viewed from the operation surface than the dome portion constituting the dome type switch member is provided on the back surface side of the pressing member. A method for manufacturing a member for a pushbutton switch, comprising: an arrangement step of arranging a pressing element in a mold; and a molding step of arranging a raw material of an elastic body and insert-molding the pressing element and the elastic body. .

本発明によれば、押圧した際のクリック感がよい押釦スイッチ用部材を提供できる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the member for pushbutton switches with a favorable click feeling when pressing can be provided.

本発明の実施の形態に係る押釦スイッチ用部材を備える携帯端末の正面図である。It is a front view of a portable terminal provided with the member for pushbutton switches which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 図1に示す携帯電話に組み込まれる押釦スイッチ用部材を操作面側から見た場合の斜視図である。It is a perspective view at the time of seeing the member for pushbutton switches integrated in the mobile telephone shown in FIG. 1 from the operation surface side. 図2に示す押釦スイッチ用部材を裏面側から見た場合の斜視図である。It is a perspective view at the time of seeing the member for pushbutton switches shown in FIG. 2 from the back surface side. 図2に示す押釦スイッチ用部材の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the member for pushbutton switches shown in FIG. 図2に示す押釦スイッチ用部材を図2のA−A線で切断した場合のA−A線断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA when the member for a push button switch shown in FIG. 2 is cut along line AA in FIG. 2. 図2に示す押釦スイッチ用部材を有する押釦スイッチを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the pushbutton switch which has the member for pushbutton switches shown in FIG. 本実施の形態に係る押釦スイッチ用部材の製造の概略的な流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the schematic flow of manufacture of the member for pushbutton switches which concerns on this Embodiment. 図7の押釦スイッチ用部材の各ステップにおける状態を示す図であって、図5と同様の断面図である。It is a figure which shows the state in each step of the member for pushbutton switches of FIG. 7, Comprising: It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 本発明の変形例に係る押釦スイッチ用部材を図5と同様の断面で見た場合のA−A線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line at the time of seeing the member for pushbutton switches concerning the modification of this invention in the cross section similar to FIG. 本発明の別の変形例に係る押釦スイッチ用部材を図5と同様の断面で見た場合のA−A線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line when the member for pushbutton switches concerning another modification of this invention is seen in the cross section similar to FIG.

次に、本発明に係る押釦スイッチ用部材およびその製造方法の各実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   Next, each embodiment of the push button switch member and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(押釦スイッチ用部材の構成)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る押釦スイッチ用部材2を備える携帯端末1の正面図である。図2は、図1に示す携帯端末1に組み込まれる押釦スイッチ用部材2を操作面側から見た場合の斜視図である。
(Configuration of push button switch member)
FIG. 1 is a front view of a portable terminal 1 including a pushbutton switch member 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the push button switch member 2 incorporated in the portable terminal 1 shown in FIG. 1 when viewed from the operation surface side.

図1に示すように、電子機器の一例である携帯端末1は、本実施の形態に係る押釦スイッチ用部材2を備える。図1および図2に示すように、押釦スイッチ用部材2の操作面側には、キートップ3が露出している。なお、以後、操作面側(各図のZ方向)を表面側、操作面と逆の面側(各図の−Z方向)を裏面側という。また、表面と裏面との間の距離を厚さという。   As shown in FIG. 1, a portable terminal 1 that is an example of an electronic device includes a push button switch member 2 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the key top 3 is exposed on the operation surface side of the push button switch member 2. Hereinafter, the operation surface side (the Z direction in each drawing) is referred to as the front surface side, and the surface side opposite to the operation surface (the -Z direction in each drawing) is referred to as the back surface side. The distance between the front surface and the back surface is called thickness.

図3は、図2の押釦スイッチ用部材2を操作面の裏側から見た場合の斜視図である。図4は、図2の押釦スイッチ用部材2の分解斜視図である。図5は、図2に示す押釦スイッチ用部材2のA−A線断面図である。なお、図5およびそれ以後の断面図では、見易さを考慮して、各部材の厚さの比率を実際の比率と変えて図示している。   FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the push button switch member 2 of FIG. 2 as viewed from the back side of the operation surface. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the pushbutton switch member 2 of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the push button switch member 2 shown in FIG. Note that, in FIG. 5 and subsequent cross-sectional views, the thickness ratio of each member is changed from the actual ratio in consideration of easy viewing.

押釦スイッチ用部材2は、キートップ3、支持部材5、補強部材4、押圧子6を主に備える。キートップ3は、支持部材5に固着されている。補強部材4および押圧子6は、支持部材5に固着されている。   The push button switch member 2 mainly includes a key top 3, a support member 5, a reinforcing member 4, and a presser 6. The key top 3 is fixed to the support member 5. The reinforcing member 4 and the pressing element 6 are fixed to the support member 5.

キーとしてのキートップ3は、ユーザが押圧する部材である。キートップ3としては、所定の強度を備えた材料であれば特に限定なく使用でき、例えば、厚さが約0.1〜2.0mm程度の樹脂、セラミックス、金属、ガラスあるいはそれらのコンポジットから構成される。また、本実施の形態では、キートップ3は、別個に3つ配置されているが、複数のキートップ3を連接したキー集合体を採用してもよい。また、キートップ3は、文字、数字、記号あるいは図等の形状を型抜きした貫通孔を有していてもよいし、キートップ3自体が透光性であってもよい。本明細書において「透光性」とは、光を実質的に透過させるものであればよく、好ましくは、一方向から光を照射した際の全光線透過率が20%以上、好ましくは70%以上である状態を指すものとする。   The key top 3 as a key is a member pressed by the user. The key top 3 can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a material having a predetermined strength. For example, the key top 3 is made of resin, ceramics, metal, glass or a composite thereof having a thickness of about 0.1 to 2.0 mm. Is done. In the present embodiment, three key tops 3 are separately arranged, but a key assembly in which a plurality of key tops 3 are connected may be adopted. Further, the key top 3 may have a through hole in which a shape such as a letter, a number, a symbol, or a figure is cut out, or the key top 3 itself may be translucent. In the present specification, the “translucent” may be any material that substantially transmits light, and preferably has a total light transmittance of 20% or more when irradiated from one direction, preferably 70%. The state which is the above shall be pointed out.

補強部材4は、支持部材5よりも硬質の樹脂から構成される。また、補強部材4は、キートップ3の少なくとも一部と重なる位置に貫通孔7を有する板状の部材である。補強部材4としては、所定の強度を備えた材料であれば特に限定なく使用でき、例えば、厚さが約0.1〜1.5mm程度の樹脂、セラミックス、金属、ガラスあるいはそれらのコンポジットから構成される。また、押釦スイッチ用部材2の裏面からキートップ3を照光する場合には、補強部材4を非透光性の部材から構成することで、キートップ3以外の領域から光が漏れるのを防ぐことができる。さらに、補強部材4の裏面に光の反射機能を付与した場合には、補強部材4が反射板として、キートップ3以外の領域からの漏光をより効果的に防止できるので、好ましい。補強部材4により支持部材5が固着されている場合には、キートップ3を押し下げた後でキートップ3の押圧が解除されると、支持部材5は、補強部材4に固着されている部分を起点として、原形状へ復帰できる。   The reinforcing member 4 is made of a resin harder than the support member 5. The reinforcing member 4 is a plate-like member having a through hole 7 at a position overlapping with at least a part of the key top 3. As the reinforcing member 4, any material having a predetermined strength can be used without any particular limitation. For example, the reinforcing member 4 is made of resin, ceramics, metal, glass, or a composite having a thickness of about 0.1 to 1.5 mm. Is done. Further, when the key top 3 is illuminated from the back surface of the push button switch member 2, the reinforcing member 4 is made of a non-translucent member to prevent light from leaking from a region other than the key top 3. Can do. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a light reflecting function on the back surface of the reinforcing member 4 because the reinforcing member 4 can be used as a reflector to effectively prevent light leakage from a region other than the key top 3. When the support member 5 is fixed by the reinforcing member 4, if the key top 3 is released after the key top 3 is pressed down, the support member 5 moves the portion fixed to the reinforcing member 4. It can return to the original shape as a starting point.

支持部材5は、キートップ3および押圧子6を支持する部材である。支持部材5は、補強部材4の貫通孔7を塞ぐように、貫通孔7の内壁に固着されている。支持部材5の表面側にはキートップ3が、支持部材5の裏面側には押圧子6が、それぞれ固着されている。支持部材5と補強部材4あるいは支持部材5と押圧子6とは、接着あるいは融着等どのような手段で固着されていてもよい。また、それらを固着する前に、接合面にプライマーあるいはシランカップリング剤を塗布する、またはブラスト処理等を行う等の表面処理を施してもよい。また、支持部材5を形成するためのコンパウンドに自己接着性を発現するための接着成分を添加してもよい。あるいは、補強部材4、支持部材5および押圧子6をインサート成型等により一体的に成型してもよい。支持部材5は、キートップ3が表面側から押圧された場合に、その下方に設けられたドーム状のスイッチ部材(後述する)を押し込むことができるように、柔軟な弾性材料から構成されるのが好ましい。弾性材料から支持部材5が構成される場合には、キートップ3の押圧を止めると、キートップ3は、元の位置に支持部材5の弾性により復帰できる。そのような支持部材5の材料としては、たとえば、シリコーンゴム、ウレタンゴム、イソプレンゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴム、天然ゴム、エチレンプロピレンジエンゴムあるいはスチレンブタジエンゴム等の熱硬化性エラストマー、ウレタン系、エステル系、スチレン系、オレフィン系、ブタジエン系あるいはフッ素系等の熱可塑性エラストマー、あるいはそれらの複合物等を用いることができる。それらの材料の中でも、耐久性が高いウレタン系エラストマー、シリコーンゴムあるいはそれらの複合物を用いるのが好ましい。   The support member 5 is a member that supports the key top 3 and the presser 6. The support member 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the through hole 7 so as to close the through hole 7 of the reinforcing member 4. A key top 3 is fixed to the front surface side of the support member 5, and a presser 6 is fixed to the back surface side of the support member 5. The support member 5 and the reinforcing member 4 or the support member 5 and the pressing element 6 may be fixed by any means such as adhesion or fusion. Further, before they are fixed, a surface treatment such as applying a primer or a silane coupling agent to the joint surface or performing a blast treatment or the like may be performed. Moreover, you may add the adhesive component for expressing self-adhesiveness to the compound for forming the supporting member 5. FIG. Alternatively, the reinforcing member 4, the support member 5, and the pressing element 6 may be integrally molded by insert molding or the like. The support member 5 is made of a flexible elastic material so that, when the key top 3 is pressed from the front side, a dome-shaped switch member (described later) provided below the key top 3 can be pushed in. Is preferred. When the support member 5 is made of an elastic material, the key top 3 can be returned to the original position by the elasticity of the support member 5 when the pressing of the key top 3 is stopped. Examples of the material of the supporting member 5 include thermosetting elastomers such as silicone rubber, urethane rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, natural rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber or styrene butadiene rubber, urethane type, ester type, Styrene-based, olefin-based, butadiene-based, fluorine-based thermoplastic elastomers, or composites thereof can be used. Among these materials, it is preferable to use urethane-based elastomer, silicone rubber or a composite thereof having high durability.

また、支持部材5の表面側には、補強部材4の表面よりもキートップ3側に突出する台座部8を有する。台座部8には、裏面方向に凹む2つの凹部9が形成されている。本実施の形態では、凹部9は、有底孔あるいは貫通孔として台座部8に形成されている。台座部8の上面は、キートップ3と接着層10を介して固着されている。なお、接着層10の一部は、凹部9に入りこんでいてもよい。支持部材5が透光性である場合には、補強部材4の貫通孔7の内部からキートップ3を照光できる。また、支持部材5は、補強部材4と一体的に成型されているのがより好ましい。支持部材5は、台座部8を有さないような形態であってもよいが、台座部8を有する場合には、キートップ3の押し込みに対してより撓みやすいため、好適である。支持部材5が透光性である場合には、押釦スイッチ用部材2の裏面側から入射した光により、支持部材5を介してキートップ3を照光できる。   Further, on the surface side of the support member 5, there is a pedestal portion 8 that protrudes toward the key top 3 than the surface of the reinforcing member 4. The base portion 8 is formed with two concave portions 9 that are recessed in the rear surface direction. In the present embodiment, the concave portion 9 is formed in the base portion 8 as a bottomed hole or a through hole. The upper surface of the pedestal portion 8 is fixed to the key top 3 via the adhesive layer 10. A part of the adhesive layer 10 may enter the recess 9. When the support member 5 is translucent, the key top 3 can be illuminated from the inside of the through hole 7 of the reinforcing member 4. The support member 5 is more preferably molded integrally with the reinforcing member 4. The support member 5 may have a form that does not include the pedestal portion 8, but the support member 5 is preferable because it has a pedestal portion 8 because it is more easily bent when the key top 3 is pressed. When the support member 5 is translucent, the key top 3 can be illuminated via the support member 5 by light incident from the back side of the push button switch member 2.

押圧子6は、支持部材5よりも硬質の部材から形成される部材であって、支持部材5から裏面方向に突出する部材である。押圧子6は、その裏面側に突出部11を有する。操作面に対する投影面積を比較すると、押圧子6の面積は、突出部11の面積よりも大きい。突出部11は、キートップ3が表面側から押圧された場合に、その下方に設けられたドーム状のスイッチ部材(後述する)を押し込む部分である。突出部11の先端は、ドーム状のスイッチ部材を構成するドーム部(後述する)より操作面側から見た投影面積が小さい。本実施の形態では、突出部11は、押圧子6の裏面よりも操作面側から見た投影面積が小さく、突出部11は、押圧子6の一部として一体的に形成されている。したがって、押圧子6および突出部11は、透光性の部材から形成されるので、押圧子6の側部あるいは突出部11から入光した光をより効率よく支持部材5に伝搬させることができる。たとえば、押圧子6は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、アクリル樹脂あるいはポリウレタン等の透光性の部材から形成できるが、その中でも、ポリカーボネートから形成されるのがより好ましい。   The presser 6 is a member formed of a member harder than the support member 5, and is a member protruding from the support member 5 in the rear surface direction. The presser 6 has a protruding portion 11 on the back side thereof. When comparing the projected area with respect to the operation surface, the area of the pressing element 6 is larger than the area of the protruding portion 11. The protruding portion 11 is a portion into which a dome-shaped switch member (described later) provided below is pressed when the key top 3 is pressed from the front surface side. The tip of the protrusion 11 has a smaller projected area when viewed from the operation surface side than a dome part (described later) constituting the dome-shaped switch member. In the present embodiment, the projecting portion 11 has a smaller projected area as viewed from the operation surface side than the back surface of the presser 6, and the projecting portion 11 is integrally formed as a part of the presser 6. Therefore, since the presser 6 and the protruding portion 11 are formed of a light-transmitting member, the light incident from the side portion or the protruding portion 11 of the presser 6 can be more efficiently propagated to the support member 5. . For example, the pressing element 6 can be formed of a light-transmitting member such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, or polyurethane, and among them, it is more preferable that the pressing element 6 be formed of polycarbonate.

接着層10は、キートップ3と支持部材5とを固着する部材である。たとえば、接着層10としては、両面テープ、ホットメルトテープ、シアノアクリレート系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、シリコーン系樹脂あるいは加熱した際の軟化点が低い樹脂等から成る層とすることができる。接着層10の材料としてシアノアクリレート系の接着剤を用いた場合には、空気中の水分の作用により硬化できる。なお、キートップ3と支持部材5とは、接着剤以外の方法により固着されてもよい。たとえば、融着、レーザ固着等により固着されていてもよい。   The adhesive layer 10 is a member that fixes the key top 3 and the support member 5 together. For example, the adhesive layer 10 may be a layer made of a double-sided tape, a hot melt tape, a cyanoacrylate resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, or a resin having a low softening point when heated. When a cyanoacrylate adhesive is used as the material of the adhesive layer 10, it can be cured by the action of moisture in the air. The key top 3 and the support member 5 may be fixed by a method other than an adhesive. For example, it may be fixed by fusion, laser fixing or the like.

(押釦スイッチの構造)
図6は、本発明の実施の形態に係る押釦スイッチ用部材2を備える押釦スイッチ2aの断面図である。
(Push button switch structure)
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a pushbutton switch 2a including the pushbutton switch member 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

押釦スイッチ2aは、押釦スイッチ用部材2の裏面側に対向する基板20を有する。基板20の表面側には、押圧子6と対向する位置にドーム状のスイッチ部材21が設けられている。   The push button switch 2 a includes a substrate 20 that faces the back side of the push button switch member 2. On the surface side of the substrate 20, a dome-shaped switch member 21 is provided at a position facing the pressing element 6.

基板20は、平板状の部材であり、好適には、その表側の面に配線パターンがプリントされたプリント基板である。基板20には、上述の配線パターンの一部として、複数の固定接点22および導電部23が設けられている。基板20の固定接点22は、ドーム状のドーム部24により覆われている。ドーム部24は、上方に向かって逆椀状に突出する導電性の部材である。また、基板20の各ドーム部24と当接する部分には、導電部23が形成されている。この結果、導電部23とドーム部24とは、電気的に接続される。   The board | substrate 20 is a flat member, Preferably, it is a printed circuit board by which the wiring pattern was printed on the surface of the front side. A plurality of fixed contacts 22 and conductive portions 23 are provided on the substrate 20 as part of the above-described wiring pattern. The fixed contact 22 of the substrate 20 is covered with a dome-shaped dome portion 24. The dome portion 24 is a conductive member that protrudes upward in a reverse bowl shape. In addition, a conductive portion 23 is formed in a portion of the substrate 20 that comes into contact with each dome portion 24. As a result, the conductive portion 23 and the dome portion 24 are electrically connected.

また、押釦スイッチ2aは、押釦スイッチ用部材2と基板20との間に、導光板25を介在させている。導光板25の端部は、発光素子26と当接しているので、発光素子26から導光板25に入光した光は、導光板25内部を伝搬する。押圧子6の突出部11は、導光板25と当接している。押圧子6が透光性の部材から構成される場合には、導光板25に当接する突出部11および空気層を介して押圧子6の裏面から入光し、押圧子6の表面側から出光する。したがって、透光性の支持部材5およびキートップ3を用いている場合には、押圧子6の表面側から出光した光がユーザに視認される。   The push button switch 2 a has a light guide plate 25 interposed between the push button switch member 2 and the substrate 20. Since the end portion of the light guide plate 25 is in contact with the light emitting element 26, the light incident on the light guide plate 25 from the light emitting element 26 propagates inside the light guide plate 25. The protrusion 11 of the presser 6 is in contact with the light guide plate 25. When the presser 6 is composed of a translucent member, light enters from the back surface of the presser 6 through the protrusion 11 that contacts the light guide plate 25 and the air layer, and exits from the front side of the presser 6. To do. Therefore, when the translucent support member 5 and the key top 3 are used, the light emitted from the surface side of the presser 6 is visually recognized by the user.

押釦スイッチ2aでは、ユーザがキートップ3を押圧すると、支持部材5が撓み、押圧子6が押し下げられる。押圧子6が押し下げられると、ドーム部24が撓み、ドーム部24の内側に位置する固定接点22とドーム部24とが接触し、導通する。一方、ユーザがキートップ3から指を離すと、支持部材5が弾性的に元の形状に戻り、ドーム部24が固定接点22から離間し、固定接点22と導電部23とが非導通状態となる。かかる導通/非導通により、スイッチのON/OFFが切替えられる。   In the pushbutton switch 2a, when the user presses the key top 3, the support member 5 is bent and the presser 6 is pushed down. When the pressing element 6 is pushed down, the dome portion 24 bends, and the fixed contact 22 and the dome portion 24 located inside the dome portion 24 come into contact with each other and are electrically connected. On the other hand, when the user removes his / her finger from the key top 3, the support member 5 elastically returns to its original shape, the dome portion 24 is separated from the fixed contact 22, and the fixed contact 22 and the conductive portion 23 are in a non-conductive state. Become. By such conduction / non-conduction, ON / OFF of the switch is switched.

上述のような押釦スイッチ用部材2を構成することにより、キートップ3がスイッチ部材21を押し込みやすい。なぜなら、押圧子6が支持部材5よりも硬質の材料から構成されているため、スイッチ部材21の押圧動作で押圧子6が変形しにくいからである。特に、押圧子6の厚さが、押圧子6が設けられている部分の支持部材5の厚さよりも大きい場合には、硬質の材料から構成された押圧子6を用いるのが好ましい。また、押圧子6の先端部分を突出部11として、スイッチ部材21との接触面積を小さくすることにより、クリック感をより向上させることができる。   By configuring the push button switch member 2 as described above, the key top 3 can easily push the switch member 21. This is because the pressing element 6 is made of a material harder than the support member 5, so that the pressing element 6 is not easily deformed by the pressing operation of the switch member 21. In particular, when the thickness of the pressing element 6 is larger than the thickness of the support member 5 in the portion where the pressing element 6 is provided, it is preferable to use the pressing element 6 made of a hard material. Moreover, the click feeling can be further improved by reducing the contact area with the switch member 21 by using the tip portion of the pressing element 6 as the protruding portion 11.

また、上述のような押釦スイッチ用部材2を構成し、かつ、押圧子6を透光性の部材から構成することにより、押圧子6から光を入光させた場合に、キートップ3を効率よく照光できる。なぜなら、押圧子6が弾性体から構成されていないため、弾性体に含まれる補強材等による光の吸収や拡散の影響を受けにくく、光が効率よく押圧子6の内部を伝搬し、キートップ3へと導かれるからである。   Moreover, when the pushbutton switch member 2 as described above is configured and the presser 6 is formed of a translucent member, the key top 3 can be efficiently used when light is incident from the presser 6. Can be well illuminated. Because the presser 6 is not composed of an elastic body, it is not easily affected by light absorption or diffusion by a reinforcing material or the like contained in the elastic body, and light efficiently propagates inside the presser 6, so that the key top This is because it leads to 3.

また、上述のような押釦スイッチ用部材2を構成することで、押圧子6を支持部材5により強固に固着できる。なぜなら、操作面と平行な面における投影面積で比較すると、実際にスイッチ部材21を押圧する突出部11の投影面積よりも、押圧子6の支持部材5側の投影面積の方が大きいので、より広い接触面積にて支持部材5と押圧子6とが固着できるからである。   Moreover, the pusher 6 can be firmly fixed to the support member 5 by configuring the pushbutton switch member 2 as described above. Because, compared with the projected area in the plane parallel to the operation surface, the projected area on the support member 5 side of the pressing element 6 is larger than the projected area of the protruding portion 11 that actually presses the switch member 21. This is because the support member 5 and the pressing element 6 can be fixed with a wide contact area.

(押釦スイッチ用部材の製造方法)
次に、押釦スイッチ用部材2の製造方法について説明する。図7は、押釦スイッチ用部材2の製造の概略的な流れを示すフローチャートである。図8は、図7に示す各ステップにおける押釦スイッチ用部材2の状態を示す図であって、図5と同様の断面図である。
(Manufacturing method of push button switch member)
Next, the manufacturing method of the member 2 for pushbutton switches is demonstrated. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a schematic flow of manufacturing the push button switch member 2. FIG. 8 is a view showing the state of the push button switch member 2 in each step shown in FIG. 7, and is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG.

まず、図8の(A)に示すように、下側金型30に補強部材4および押圧子6を配置する(ステップS101:配置ステップ)。なお、押圧子6を下側金型30に配置する際に、押圧子6の挿入あるいは成型品の脱型を考慮すると、操作面から見た場合の押圧子6の外周は、下側金型30と0.05mm程度の間隙を有するように設計される。   First, as shown to (A) of FIG. 8, the reinforcement member 4 and the presser 6 are arrange | positioned to the lower metal mold | die 30 (step S101: arrangement | positioning step). When placing the pressing element 6 in the lower mold 30, considering the insertion of the pressing element 6 or the removal of the molded product, the outer periphery of the pressing element 6 when viewed from the operation surface is the lower mold. Designed to have a gap of about 30 and 0.05 mm.

次に、図8の(B)に示すように、上側金型31を下側金型30の上に配置する(ステップS102)。上側金型31は、下側金型30方向に向かって延出する押さえピン32を有し、その押さえピン32は、押圧子6が下側金型30から浮くことがないように、下側金型30に押圧子6を押し付ける役割を有する。押さえピン32により押圧子6を押さえることで、下側金型30および上側金型31内で押圧子6が動きにくくなる。さらに、下側金型30と押圧子6との密着性が向上する。したがって、押圧子6の外周と下側金型30との間に間隙が存在しても、原料mが押圧子6の裏面側に侵入しにくく、押圧子6の裏面側に弾性体層が形成されにくくなる。なお、押さえピン32で押圧子6を押さえるのが容易になるように、押圧子6の表面を、押圧子6と隣接する下側金型30の表面よりも0.05mm程度内側に位置するように、押圧子6および下側金型30を設計するのがより好ましい。かかる構造とすることで、原料mを流入した際に押圧子6が動きにくい。   Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, the upper mold 31 is placed on the lower mold 30 (step S102). The upper mold 31 has a pressing pin 32 extending toward the lower mold 30, and the pressing pin 32 is arranged on the lower side so that the pressing element 6 does not float from the lower mold 30. The pressing member 6 is pressed against the mold 30. By pressing the pressing element 6 with the pressing pin 32, it becomes difficult for the pressing element 6 to move in the lower mold 30 and the upper mold 31. Furthermore, the adhesion between the lower mold 30 and the pressing element 6 is improved. Therefore, even if there is a gap between the outer periphery of the presser 6 and the lower mold 30, the raw material m hardly enters the back side of the presser 6, and an elastic body layer is formed on the back side of the presser 6. It becomes difficult to be done. It should be noted that the surface of the pressing element 6 is positioned about 0.05 mm inside the surface of the lower mold 30 adjacent to the pressing element 6 so that the pressing element 6 can be easily pressed by the pressing pins 32. Furthermore, it is more preferable to design the pressing element 6 and the lower mold 30. By setting it as this structure, when the raw material m flows in, the presser 6 cannot move easily.

次に、図8の(C)に示すように、支持部材5の原料mを上側金型31と下側金型30との間に充填し、インサート成型を行う(ステップS103:成型ステップ)。たとえば、原料mとしては、液状のシリコーンコンパウンドを用いることができる。最後に、図8の(D)に示すように、支持部材5の表面側(すなわち台座部8)に、接着層10を形成し、キートップ3を固着する。   Next, as shown in FIG. 8C, the raw material m of the support member 5 is filled between the upper mold 31 and the lower mold 30 and insert molding is performed (step S103: molding step). For example, as the raw material m, a liquid silicone compound can be used. Finally, as shown in FIG. 8D, the adhesive layer 10 is formed on the surface side of the support member 5 (that is, the pedestal portion 8), and the key top 3 is fixed.

上述の方法で押釦スイッチ用部材2を製造した場合には、支持部材5に形成された接着層10が、台座部8のキートップ3と対向する面からはみ出して台座部8の側面等に形成されてしまう事を防ぐことができる。なぜなら、押圧子6が下側金型30から浮くことがないように、下側金型30に押し付ける押さえピン32により形成された凹部9に、余剰の接着剤成分が入り込み、台座部8の表面から外側に接着剤成分が溢れにくいからである。   When the pushbutton switch member 2 is manufactured by the above-described method, the adhesive layer 10 formed on the support member 5 protrudes from the surface facing the key top 3 of the pedestal portion 8 and is formed on the side surface of the pedestal portion 8 or the like. Can be prevented. This is because an excessive adhesive component enters the recess 9 formed by the pressing pin 32 pressed against the lower mold 30 so that the presser 6 does not float from the lower mold 30, and the surface of the pedestal portion 8. This is because the adhesive component hardly overflows to the outside.

上述の方法で押釦スイッチ用部材2を製造した場合には、接着剤あるいは両面テープで支持部材5と押圧子6とを固着する場合よりも、より強固に固着できる。また、補強部材4、支持部材5および押圧子6を一工程で成型できるため、工程数を減らすことができる。   When the pushbutton switch member 2 is manufactured by the above-described method, the pushbutton switch member 2 can be fixed more firmly than when the support member 5 and the pressing element 6 are fixed together with an adhesive or a double-sided tape. Moreover, since the reinforcement member 4, the support member 5, and the presser 6 can be shape | molded in one process, the number of processes can be reduced.

以上、本発明の押釦スイッチ用部材2およびその製造方法を説明したが、本発明は、上述の実施の形態に限定されることなく、種々変形を施して実施可能である。   The pushbutton switch member 2 and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented with various modifications.

たとえば、上述の実施の形態では、支持部材5は、各キートップ3の裏面側に個別に配置されるものとしているが、このような形態に限らない。支持部材5がシート形状等であって、複数のキートップ3の裏面側すべてを覆うような形態であってもよい。また、上述の実施の形態では、補強部材4を備えているが、補強部材4は、必須ではない。補強部材4は、支持部材5の裏面側に設けられていてもよい。   For example, in the above-described embodiment, the support member 5 is individually disposed on the back side of each key top 3, but the present invention is not limited to such a form. The support member 5 may have a sheet shape or the like, and may cover all the back surfaces of the plurality of key tops 3. Moreover, although the reinforcing member 4 is provided in the above-described embodiment, the reinforcing member 4 is not essential. The reinforcing member 4 may be provided on the back side of the support member 5.

図9,10は、それぞれ、本実施の形態の変形例に係る押釦スイッチ用部材40および押釦スイッチ用部材50の各断面図である。図9に示すように、押釦スイッチ用部材40が備える押圧子6aは、上述の実施の形態に係る押釦スイッチ用部材2が備える押圧子6と異なり、表面側にフランジ41を有している。フランジ41は、押圧子6aの表面側端部において、たとえば、0.25〜0.5mm程度の厚さで操作面に対し外側方向へ延出する部材である。押圧子6aがフランジ41を有している場合には、フランジ41がない場合と比較して、支持部材5と押圧子6aとの固着面積が増加する。このため、支持部材5と押圧子6との固着強度を向上できる。さらに、押圧子6aがフランジ41を有している場合には、ステップS103の成型ステップにおいて、押圧子6aの側面と下側金型30との隙間に原料mが流れ込みにくいという効果も有する。   9 and 10 are cross-sectional views of a push button switch member 40 and a push button switch member 50 according to a modification of the present embodiment, respectively. As shown in FIG. 9, the pressing member 6 a included in the push button switch member 40 has a flange 41 on the surface side, unlike the pressing member 6 included in the push button switch member 2 according to the above-described embodiment. The flange 41 is a member that extends outward with respect to the operation surface at a thickness of, for example, about 0.25 to 0.5 mm at the surface side end of the pressing element 6a. When the pressing element 6a has the flange 41, the fixing area between the support member 5 and the pressing element 6a is increased as compared with the case where the pressing element 6a is not provided. For this reason, the adhering strength between the support member 5 and the pressing element 6 can be improved. Furthermore, when the pressing element 6a has the flange 41, the material m is less likely to flow into the gap between the side surface of the pressing element 6a and the lower mold 30 in the molding step of step S103.

図10に示すように、押釦スイッチ用部材50が有する押圧子6bのフランジ41aは、面取り部42を裏面側に有する。フランジ41aに備える面取り部42により、フランジ41aは、外周側がより薄く、中心方向に向かうにつれて徐々に厚くなるように構成される。したがって、下側金型30に押圧子6bを配置し、押さえピン32によりフランジ41aを下型金型30に押しつけると、面取り部42と下側金型30とをより密着できる。したがって、ステップS103の成型ステップにおいて、押圧子6bの側面部分に原料mが流れ込みにくい。   As shown in FIG. 10, the flange 41a of the presser 6b included in the pushbutton switch member 50 has a chamfered portion 42 on the back surface side. By the chamfered portion 42 provided in the flange 41a, the flange 41a is configured such that the outer peripheral side is thinner and gradually becomes thicker toward the center direction. Therefore, when the pressing element 6b is arranged on the lower mold 30 and the flange 41a is pressed against the lower mold 30 by the pressing pin 32, the chamfered portion 42 and the lower mold 30 can be more closely attached. Therefore, in the molding step of step S103, the raw material m is unlikely to flow into the side surface portion of the pressing element 6b.

また、押圧子6,6a,6bの突出部11の面側全体が下側金型30の底面に当接させないことで、フランジ41,41aの裏面側と下側金型30との間に間隙が生じないように、突出部11の先端が下側金型30の底面に接触しないような寸法で押圧子6,6a,6bおよび下側金型30を設計するのがより好ましい。また、かかる場合には、フランジ41,41aと押圧方向で略重なる位置にて、押さえピン32によりフランジ41,41aを押さえるのがより好ましい。押圧子6,6a,6bの側面に弾性体層が形成されると、押圧子6,6a,6bに入光した際に、弾性体層が形成された部分から出光してしまう。そのため、側面部分に弾性体層が形成されにくい押圧子6aあるいは押圧子6bの形態を採用するのがより好ましい。   Further, since the entire surface side of the protrusion 11 of the pressing elements 6, 6 a, 6 b is not brought into contact with the bottom surface of the lower mold 30, there is a gap between the back surface side of the flanges 41, 41 a and the lower mold 30. It is more preferable to design the pressing elements 6, 6 a, 6 b and the lower mold 30 with dimensions such that the tip of the protruding portion 11 does not contact the bottom surface of the lower mold 30. In such a case, it is more preferable that the flanges 41 and 41a are pressed by the pressing pins 32 at positions that substantially overlap the flanges 41 and 41a in the pressing direction. If the elastic body layer is formed on the side surfaces of the pressers 6, 6a, 6b, light will be emitted from the portion where the elastic body layer is formed when light enters the pressers 6, 6a, 6b. Therefore, it is more preferable to adopt the form of the pressing element 6a or the pressing element 6b in which the elastic layer is hardly formed on the side surface portion.

上述の実施の形態は、1つのキートップに対し1つの支持部材5を設けているが、このような形態に限らない。たとえば、複数のキートップ3と押圧方向で重なるシート状の支持部材5としてもよいし、あるいは、複数の支持部材5が連接していてもよい。さらに、複数のキートップ3を連接したキー集合板3に、1つ若しくは複数の支持部材5を設けてもよい。また、支持部材5が透光性の部材から形成されている場合に、キートップ3等を照光するために光を導光する部材(いわゆる、ライトガイド)として支持部材5を機能させてもよい。同様に、補強部材4が透光性の部材から形成されている場合に、補強部材4をライトガイドとして機能させてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, one support member 5 is provided for one key top, but this is not a limitation. For example, a sheet-like support member 5 that overlaps the plurality of key tops 3 in the pressing direction may be used, or a plurality of support members 5 may be connected. Furthermore, one or a plurality of support members 5 may be provided on the key assembly plate 3 in which a plurality of key tops 3 are connected. Further, when the support member 5 is formed of a light-transmitting member, the support member 5 may function as a member that guides light (so-called light guide) in order to illuminate the key top 3 or the like. . Similarly, when the reinforcing member 4 is formed of a translucent member, the reinforcing member 4 may function as a light guide.

上述の実施の形態では、押圧子6,6a,6bは、透光性の部材から形成されているが、このような形態に限らない。押圧子6,6a,6bが非透光性の部材から構成される場合であっても、押圧子6,6a,6bの厚さが厚くなる場合には、押圧子6,6a,6bを支持部材5よりも硬質の材料にて構成することにより、クリック感を向上できる。しかし、押圧子6,6a,6bが透光性の部材から構成される場合には、突出部11あるいは突出部11以外の押圧子6,6a,6bの背面側から入光すると、その光は、押圧子6,6a,6bと空気層との界面で全反射を繰り返しながら、押圧子6,6a,6bの内部へ広がる。したがって、押圧子6,6a,6bは、支持部材5を照光させるためのライトガイドとして機能できる。また、突出部11を支持部材5に固着するよりも押圧子6,6a,6bを支持部材5に固着した方が、より大きな面積で固着できるため、照光面積を大きくすることができる。   In the above-described embodiment, the pressers 6, 6a, 6b are formed of a light-transmitting member, but are not limited to such a form. Even when the pressing elements 6, 6a, 6b are made of a non-translucent member, the pressing elements 6, 6a, 6b are supported when the thickness of the pressing elements 6, 6a, 6b increases. A click feeling can be improved by using a material harder than the member 5. However, when the pressing elements 6, 6a, 6b are made of a translucent member, when light enters from the back side of the pressing elements 6, 6a, 6b other than the protruding part 11 or the protruding part 11, the light is Then, while repeating total reflection at the interface between the pressing members 6, 6a and 6b and the air layer, the pressing members 6, 6a and 6b spread inside. Therefore, the pressing elements 6, 6 a, 6 b can function as a light guide for illuminating the support member 5. Further, since the pressing elements 6, 6a and 6b are fixed to the support member 5 in a larger area than the protrusion 11 is fixed to the support member 5, the illumination area can be increased.

また、上述の実施の形態では、押釦スイッチ用部材2を用いた押釦スイッチ2aを例示したが、このような形態に限らない。たとえば、押圧子6,6a,6bが非透光性の場合には、導光板25および発光素子26を備えなくてもよい。また、導光板25および発光素子26は、図6で示す場所以外に設けられていてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the push button switch 2a using the push button switch member 2 is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to such a form. For example, when the pressers 6, 6 a, 6 b are non-translucent, the light guide plate 25 and the light emitting element 26 may not be provided. Further, the light guide plate 25 and the light emitting element 26 may be provided in a place other than the place shown in FIG.

本発明は、たとえば、各種電子機器の入力装置としての押釦スイッチ等に利用することができる。   The present invention can be used for, for example, a push button switch as an input device of various electronic devices.

2,40,50 押釦スイッチ用部材
3 キートップまたはキー集合板
4 補強部材
5 支持部材
6,6a,6b 押圧子
8,8a 台座部
9 凹部
11 突出部
21 スイッチ部材
24 ドーム部
41,41a フランジ
42 面取り部
2, 40, 50 Pushbutton switch member 3 Key top or key assembly plate 4 Reinforcement member 5 Support member 6, 6a, 6b Presser 8, 8a Pedestal part 9 Recess 11 Projection part 21 Switch member 24 Dome part 41, 41a Flange 42 Chamfer

Claims (7)

押圧するためのキーあるいはキー集合板と、
上記キーあるいはキー集合板を支持する支持部材と、を有し、
上記支持部材の裏面側には、上記キーあるいはキー集合板と押圧方向で重なる位置に、上記支持部材よりも硬質の押圧子が固着されると共に、
上記押圧子は、その裏面側に、ドーム式のスイッチ部材を構成するドーム部より上記操作面から見た投影面積の小さな面積の先端を有する突出部を備えることを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材。
A key or key assembly plate for pressing,
A support member for supporting the key or key assembly plate,
On the back side of the support member, a presser harder than the support member is fixed at a position overlapping the key or the key assembly plate in the pressing direction, and
The push button switch member according to claim 1, further comprising: a protruding portion having a tip having a smaller projected area as viewed from the operation surface than the dome portion constituting the dome-type switch member on the back side thereof.
請求項1に記載の押釦スイッチ用部材であって、
前記押圧子および前記支持部材は、透光性の樹脂から構成されることを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材。
The pushbutton switch member according to claim 1,
The push button switch member, wherein the pressing element and the support member are made of a translucent resin.
請求項1または請求項2に記載の押釦スイッチ用部材であって、
前記押圧子の前記支持部材と固着する側には、フランジが形成されていることを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材。
The pushbutton switch member according to claim 1 or 2,
A member for a pushbutton switch, characterized in that a flange is formed on a side of the presser that is fixed to the support member.
請求項3に記載の押釦スイッチ用部材であって、
前記フランジは、面取り部を有することを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材。
The pushbutton switch member according to claim 3,
The flange for a push button switch, wherein the flange has a chamfered portion.
請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の押釦スイッチ用部材であって、
前記支持部材の前記キートップと固着する部分は、前記キートップ方向に突出する台座部を有することを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材。
The pushbutton switch member according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A member for a push button switch, wherein a portion of the support member that is fixed to the key top has a pedestal that protrudes in the key top direction.
請求項5に記載の押釦スイッチ用部材であって、
前記台座部の一部には、内側へ凹む凹部が設けられていることを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材。
The pushbutton switch member according to claim 5,
A member for a push button switch, characterized in that a concave portion recessed inward is provided in a part of the pedestal portion.
押圧するためのキーあるいはキー集合板が固着された支持部材と、上記キーあるいはキー集合板と押圧方向で重なる位置に、上記支持部材よりも硬質の押圧子が固着されると共に、当該押圧子の裏面側には、ドーム式のスイッチ部材を構成するドーム部より上記操作面から見た投影面積の小さな面積の先端を有する突出部が設けられる押釦スイッチ用部材の製造方法であって、
上記押圧子を金型に配置する配置ステップと、
弾性体の原料を配置して、上記押圧子と上記弾性体とをインサート成型する成型ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする押釦スイッチ用部材の製造方法。

A pressing member harder than the support member is fixed to a support member to which a key for pressing or a key assembly plate is fixed, and a position overlapping with the key or the key assembly plate in the pressing direction. On the back side is a method for manufacturing a member for a push button switch, in which a protrusion having a tip having a small projected area as viewed from the operation surface is provided from the dome part constituting the dome type switch member,
An arrangement step of arranging the pressing element in a mold;
A molding step in which the raw material of the elastic body is arranged, and the presser and the elastic body are insert-molded,
The manufacturing method of the member for pushbutton switches characterized by including this.

JP2010160390A 2010-07-15 2010-07-15 Push button switch member and manufacturing method thereof Pending JP2012022913A (en)

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