JP2012021054A - Ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer - Google Patents

Ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer Download PDF

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JP2012021054A
JP2012021054A JP2010158644A JP2010158644A JP2012021054A JP 2012021054 A JP2012021054 A JP 2012021054A JP 2010158644 A JP2010158644 A JP 2010158644A JP 2010158644 A JP2010158644 A JP 2010158644A JP 2012021054 A JP2012021054 A JP 2012021054A
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etfe
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JP5445367B2 (en
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Daisuke Taguchi
大輔 田口
Shintaro Fukunaga
晋太郎 福永
Atsushi Funaki
篤 船木
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ETFE (ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene)-based copolymer that has high tensile yield stress, excellent transparency and high melting point.SOLUTION: The ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer comprises: a repeating unit based on ethylene; a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene; and a repeating unit based on a monomer (a) expressed by the formula of Y-(CF)-Z (wherein Y and Z are each independently a vinyl group, a trifluorovinyl group or a trifluorovinyloxy group).

Description

本発明は、エチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体に関する。   The present invention relates to an ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.

エチレン(以下、「E」という。)に基づく繰り返し単位とテトラフルオロエチレン(以下、「TFE」という。)に基づく繰り返し単位を有するエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体(以下、「ETFE」という。)は、耐熱性、耐候性、電気絶縁性、耐油性等に優れることから、チューブ、パイプ、コーティング材、電線被覆材、フィルム等の種々の形態で使用されている。   An ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “ETFE”) having a repeating unit based on ethylene (hereinafter referred to as “E”) and a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as “TFE”). ) Is excellent in heat resistance, weather resistance, electrical insulation, oil resistance and the like, and is used in various forms such as tubes, pipes, coating materials, wire coating materials, and films.

例えば、ETFEフィルムは、農業ハウス、園芸ハウス、芝生が育成されているスポーツ施設、展示場等の膜構造物等の用途に使用されている。前記用途で使用されるETFEフィルムには、膜構造物内での植物の育成、開放感の付与等の点から、耐候性に加え、優れた透明性が求められる。そこで、ETFEの透明性を向上させるために、以下のETFEが知られている。
(1)Eに基づく繰り返し単位と、TFEに基づく繰り返し単位と、ペルフルオロブチルエチレン(以下、「PFBE」という。)に基づく繰り返し単位とを有し、PFBEに基づく繰り返し単位の割合が、全繰り返し単位に対して、2〜7モル%であるETFE(特許文献1)。
(2)Eに基づく繰り返し単位と、TFEに基づく繰り返し単位と、CH=CF(CFHに基づく繰り返し単位と、ヘキサフルオロプロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位とを有し、CH=CF(CFHに基づく繰り返し単位とヘキサフルオロプロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位を合計した割合が、全繰り返し単位に対して、12.6〜29.2モル%であるETFE(特許文献2)。
For example, ETFE films are used for applications such as agricultural houses, horticultural houses, sports facilities where lawns are cultivated, membrane structures such as exhibition halls, and the like. The ETFE film used in the above applications is required to have excellent transparency in addition to weather resistance from the viewpoints of plant growth in the membrane structure and imparting a sense of openness. In order to improve the transparency of ETFE, the following ETFE is known.
(1) It has a repeating unit based on E, a repeating unit based on TFE, and a repeating unit based on perfluorobutylethylene (hereinafter referred to as “PFBE”), and the ratio of the repeating units based on PFBE is all repeating units. ETFE, which is 2 to 7 mol% (Patent Document 1).
(2) having a repeating unit based on E, a repeating unit based on TFE, a repeating unit based on CH 2 ═CF (CF 2 ) 3 H, and a repeating unit based on hexafluoropropylene, and CH 2 ═CF ( ETFE in which the ratio of the repeating units based on CF 2 ) 3 H and the repeating units based on hexafluoropropylene is 12.6 to 29.2 mol% based on all repeating units (Patent Document 2).

一方、膜構造物では、例えば、ETFEフィルムを複数枚重ね合わせて鉄枠で挟み、該ETFEフィルム間に空気を充填して、風船状に膨らませたパネルとする場合がある。この場合、ETFEフィルムには展張する際に大きな張力が加わることから、耐候性、透明性に加えて、高い引張降伏応力が要求される。しかし、(1)、(2)に記載のETFEは、優れた透明性を有しているものの、引張降伏応力は充分に高くないため外力により伸びやすい。また、(1)、(2)に記載のETFEは、EおよびTFE以外の単量体に基づく単位が多量に含有されることから、融点が大きく低下する。そのため、(1)、(2)に記載のETFEの適用範囲には制限がある。   On the other hand, in a membrane structure, for example, a plurality of ETFE films may be overlapped and sandwiched between iron frames, and air may be filled between the ETFE films to form a panel inflated in a balloon shape. In this case, since a large tension is applied to the ETFE film when it is stretched, a high tensile yield stress is required in addition to weather resistance and transparency. However, although the ETFEs described in (1) and (2) have excellent transparency, the tensile yield stress is not sufficiently high, so that they are easily extended by external force. In addition, the ETFE described in (1) and (2) contains a large amount of units based on monomers other than E and TFE, so that the melting point is greatly lowered. Therefore, there is a limit to the application range of ETFE described in (1) and (2).

特開平7−41522号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-41522 国際公開第1998/10000号公報International Publication No. 1998/10000

本発明は、引張降伏応力が高く、優れた透明性を有し、融点が高いETFEの提供を目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide ETFE having high tensile yield stress, excellent transparency, and high melting point.

本発明は、前記課題を解決するために以下の構成を採用した。
[1]Eに基づく繰り返し単位と、TFEに基づく繰り返し単位と、下式(1)で表される単量体(a)に基づく繰り返し単位とを有することを特徴とするETFE。
Y−(CF−Z ・・・(1)
(ただし、YおよびZは、それぞれ独立にビニル基、トリフルオロビニル基またはトリフルオロビニルオキシ基である。)
[2]前記単量体(a)に基づく繰り返し単位の割合が、前記Eに基づく繰り返し単位とTFEに基づく繰り返し単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.5〜2モル%である、前記[1]に記載のETFE。
[3]前記TFEに基づく繰り返し単位とEに基づく繰り返し単位のモル比(TFE/E)が30/70〜70/30である、前記[1]または[2]に記載のETFE。
[4]前記単量体(a)が、下式(1−1)で表される単量体である、前記[1]〜[3]のいずれか一項に記載のETFE。
CH=CH−(CF−CH=CH ・・・(1−1)
[5]さらに、重合性二重結合を1個有する単量体(b)(EおよびTFEを除く。)に基づく繰り返し単位を有する、前記[1]〜[4]のいずれか一項に記載のETFE。
[6]前記単量体(b)が、下式(2)で表される単量体である、前記[5]に記載のETFE。
CH=CX(CFW ・・・(2)
(ただし、XおよびWは、それぞれ独立に水素原子またはフッ素原子であり、nは1〜8の整数である。)
[7]前記単量体(b)に基づく繰り返し単位の割合が、前記Eに基づく繰り返し単位とTFEに基づく繰り返し単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.01〜10モル%である、前記[5]または[6]に記載のETFE。
The present invention employs the following configuration in order to solve the above problems.
[1] An ETFE comprising a repeating unit based on E, a repeating unit based on TFE, and a repeating unit based on the monomer (a) represented by the following formula (1).
Y- (CF 2 ) 4 -Z (1)
(However, Y and Z are each independently a vinyl group, a trifluorovinyl group, or a trifluorovinyloxy group.)
[2] The ratio of the repeating unit based on the monomer (a) is 0.5 to 2 mol% with respect to the total (100 mol%) of the repeating unit based on the E and the repeating unit based on TFE. ETFE according to [1] above.
[3] ETFE according to [1] or [2], wherein a molar ratio (TFE / E) of the repeating unit based on TFE and the repeating unit based on E is 30/70 to 70/30.
[4] ETFE according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the monomer (a) is a monomer represented by the following formula (1-1).
CH 2 = CH- (CF 2) 4 -CH = CH 2 ··· (1-1)
[5] The method according to any one of [1] to [4], further including a repeating unit based on the monomer (b) having one polymerizable double bond (excluding E and TFE). ETFE.
[6] ETFE according to [5], wherein the monomer (b) is a monomer represented by the following formula (2).
CH 2 = CX (CF 2 ) n W (2)
(However, X and W are each independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and n is an integer of 1-8.)
[7] The ratio of the repeating unit based on the monomer (b) is 0.01 to 10 mol% with respect to the total (100 mol%) of the repeating unit based on the E and the repeating unit based on TFE. ETFE according to [5] or [6] above.

本発明のETFEは、引張降伏応力が高く、優れた透明性を有し、融点が高い。   The ETFE of the present invention has a high tensile yield stress, excellent transparency, and a high melting point.

本明細書においては、式(1)で表される化合物を化合物(1)と記す。他の式で表される化合物も同様に記す。また、本明細書における単量体は、重合性不飽和基を有する化合物を意味する。   In the present specification, a compound represented by the formula (1) is referred to as a compound (1). The same applies to compounds represented by other formulas. Moreover, the monomer in this specification means the compound which has a polymerizable unsaturated group.

本発明のETFEは、Eに基づく繰り返し単位(以下、「E単位」という。)と、TFEに基づく繰り返し単位(以下、「TFE単位」という。)と、後述する単量体(a)に基づく繰り返し単位(以下、「A単位」という。)とを必須として有し、必要に応じて後述する単量体(b)に基づく繰り返し単位(以下、「B単位」という。)を有する。   The ETFE of the present invention is based on a repeating unit based on E (hereinafter referred to as “E unit”), a repeating unit based on TFE (hereinafter referred to as “TFE unit”), and a monomer (a) described later. A repeating unit (hereinafter referred to as “A unit”) is essential, and a repeating unit (hereinafter referred to as “B unit”) based on the monomer (b) described later is included as necessary.

単量体(a)は、下記化合物(1)である。
Y−(CF−Z ・・・(1)
The monomer (a) is the following compound (1).
Y- (CF 2 ) 4 -Z (1)

YおよびZは、それぞれ独立にビニル基、トリフルオロビニル基またはトリフルオロビニルオキシ基である。YおよびZは、EおよびTFEとの共重合性がより良好である点から、ビニル基またはトリフルオロビニルオキシ基が好ましい。また、入手の容易性の点から、YとZは同一の基であることがより好ましく、YおよびZが、共にビニル基またはトリフルオロビニル基であることがさらに好ましく、YおよびZが、共にビニル基であることが特に好ましい。   Y and Z are each independently a vinyl group, a trifluorovinyl group or a trifluorovinyloxy group. Y and Z are preferably vinyl groups or trifluorovinyloxy groups from the viewpoint of better copolymerization with E and TFE. In view of availability, Y and Z are more preferably the same group, and Y and Z are both preferably a vinyl group or a trifluorovinyl group, and both Y and Z are A vinyl group is particularly preferred.

好ましい化合物(1)は、下記化合物(1−1)〜(1−3)である。
CH=CH−(CF−CH=CH ・・・(1−1)、
CF=CF−(CF−CH=CH ・・・(1−2)、
CF=CF−(CF−CF=CF ・・・(1−3)。
化合物(1)としては、入手の容易性の点から、化合物(1−1)、化合物(1−3)がより好ましく、化合物(1−1)が特に好ましい。
EとTFEは交互に重合する傾向があり、化合物(1−1)は重合性不飽和基がEと同じビニル基であるため、化合物(1−1)およびEと、TFEが交互に重合する。そのため、化合物(1−1)を使用しても、ビニル基が連続して重合して形成された炭化水素鎖が並ぶ可能性は低く、優れた耐熱性が得られやすい。
Preferred compounds (1) are the following compounds (1-1) to (1-3).
CH 2 = CH- (CF 2) 4 -CH = CH 2 ··· (1-1),
CF 2 = CF- (CF 2) 4 -CH = CH 2 ··· (1-2),
CF 2 = CF- (CF 2) 4 -CF = CF 2 ··· (1-3).
As the compound (1), from the viewpoint of availability, the compound (1-1) and the compound (1-3) are more preferable, and the compound (1-1) is particularly preferable.
E and TFE tend to polymerize alternately, and since compound (1-1) has the same polymerizable unsaturated group as E, the compound (1-1) and E and TFE polymerize alternately. . Therefore, even when the compound (1-1) is used, it is unlikely that a hydrocarbon chain formed by continuously polymerizing vinyl groups is aligned, and excellent heat resistance is easily obtained.

化合物(1−1)〜(1−3)以外の化合物(1)としては、以下の化合物が挙げられる。
CH=CH−O−(CF−O−CH=CH
CH=CH−(CF−O−CH=CH
CF=CF−O−(CF−O−CH=CH
単量体(a)は、1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
Examples of the compound (1) other than the compounds (1-1) to (1-3) include the following compounds.
CH 2 = CH-O- (CF 2) 4 -O-CH = CH 2,
CH 2 = CH- (CF 2) 4 -O-CH = CH 2,
CF 2 = CF-O- (CF 2) 4 -O-CH = CH 2.
A monomer (a) may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

単量体(b)は、E、TFEおよび単量体(a)と共重合可能な重合性二重結合を1個有する単量体であり、EおよびTFEを除く単量体である。ETFEが単量体(b)に基づく繰り返し単位を有することで、ETFEの耐ストレスクラック性がより良好になる。単量体(b)における重合性不飽和基としては、例えば、ビニル基、トリフルオロビニル基、トリフルオロビニルオキシ基等が挙げられる。   The monomer (b) is a monomer having one polymerizable double bond copolymerizable with E, TFE and the monomer (a), and is a monomer excluding E and TFE. When ETFE has a repeating unit based on the monomer (b), the stress crack resistance of ETFE becomes better. Examples of the polymerizable unsaturated group in the monomer (b) include a vinyl group, a trifluorovinyl group, and a trifluorovinyloxy group.

単量体(b)としては、下記化合物(2)が好ましい。
CH=CX(CFW ・・・(2)
XおよびWは、それぞれ独立に水素原子またはフッ素原子である。
nは1〜8の整数であり、1〜6が好ましく、2〜5がより好ましい。
As the monomer (b), the following compound (2) is preferable.
CH 2 = CX (CF 2 ) n W (2)
X and W are each independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom.
n is an integer of 1-8, 1-6 are preferable and 2-5 are more preferable.

化合物(2)としては、Xが水素原子、すなわち下記化合物(2−1)が好ましい。
CH=CH(CFW ・・・(2)
Wは、水素原子またはフッ素原子である。
nは1〜8の整数であり、1〜6が好ましく、2〜5がより好ましい。
As the compound (2), X is preferably a hydrogen atom, that is, the following compound (2-1).
CH 2 = CH (CF 2 ) n W (2)
W is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom.
n is an integer of 1-8, 1-6 are preferable and 2-5 are more preferable.

化合物(2−1)としては、例えば、以下の化合物が挙げられる。
CH=CH(CFF、
CH=CH(CFF、
CH=CH(CFF、
CH=CH(CFF、
CH=CH(CFF、
CH=CH(CFF、
CH=CH(CFH、
CH=CH(CFH、
CH=CH(CFH、
CH=CH(CFH、
CH=CH(CFH、
CH=CH(CFH。
As a compound (2-1), the following compounds are mentioned, for example.
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 2 F,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 3 F,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2 ) 4 F,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 5 F,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2 ) 6 F,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2 ) 8 F,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 2 H,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 3 H,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 4 H,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 5 H,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 6 H,
CH 2 = CH (CF 2) 8 H.

化合物(2−1)以外、すなわちXがフッ素原子である化合物(2)としては、例えば、以下の化合物が挙げられる。
CH=CF(CFF、
CH=CF(CFF、
CH=CF(CFF、
CH=CF(CFF、
CH=CF(CFF、
CH=CF(CFF、
CH=CF(CFH、
CH=CF(CFH、
CH=CF(CFH、
CH=CF(CFH、
CH=CF(CFH、
CH=CF(CFH。
Examples of the compound (2) other than the compound (2-1), that is, the compound (2) in which X is a fluorine atom include the following compounds.
CH 2 = CF (CF 2 ) 2 F,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2 ) 3 F,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2 ) 4 F,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2 ) 5 F,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2 ) 6 F,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2 ) 8 F,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2) 2 H,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2) 3 H,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2) 4 H,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2) 5 H,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2) 6 H,
CH 2 = CF (CF 2) 8 H.

また、単量体(b)としては、化合物(2)以外のα−オレフィン類またはフルオロオレフィン類等が挙げられる。
前記α−オレフィン類としては、例えば、プロピレン、ブテン等が挙げられる。
前記フルオロオレフィン類としては、例えば、フッ化ビニリデン(VDF)、フッ化ビニル(VF)、トリフルオロエチレン、ヘキサフルオロイソブチレン(HFIB)等の重合性不飽和基に水素原子を有するフルオロオレフィン;ヘキサフルオロプロピレン(HFP)、クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CTFE)、ペルフルオロ(メチルビニルエーテル)(PMVE)、ペルフルオロ(エチルビニルエーテル)(PEVE)、ペルフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)(PPVE)、ペルフルオロ(ブチルビニルエーテル)(PBVE)、ペルフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)(PAVE)等の重合性不飽和基に水素原子を有しないフルオロオレフィン(ただし、TFEを除く。)等が挙げられる。
単量体(b)は、1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
Examples of the monomer (b) include α-olefins or fluoroolefins other than the compound (2).
Examples of the α-olefins include propylene and butene.
Examples of the fluoroolefins include fluoroolefins having a hydrogen atom in a polymerizable unsaturated group such as vinylidene fluoride (VDF), vinyl fluoride (VF), trifluoroethylene, hexafluoroisobutylene (HFIB); Propylene (HFP), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), perfluoro (methyl vinyl ether) (PMVE), perfluoro (ethyl vinyl ether) (PEVE), perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether) (PPVE), perfluoro (butyl vinyl ether) (PBVE), perfluoro Examples thereof include fluoroolefins (excluding TFE) having no hydrogen atom in a polymerizable unsaturated group such as (alkyl vinyl ether) (PAVE).
A monomer (b) may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

単量体(b)における重合性不飽和基は、単量体(a)におけるYおよびZの少なくとも一方と同じであることが好ましく、単量体(a)におけるYおよびZの両方と同じであることがより好ましい。これにより、単量体(a)と単量体(b)の重合性がほぼ同等となり、得られるETFE内でA単位とB単位が偏在することを抑制しやすい。
単量体(a)と単量体(b)を両方使用する場合、それらの組み合わせは、単量体(a)が化合物(1−1)または化合物(1−2)で、単量体(b)が化合物(2−1)であることが好ましく、単量体(a)が化合物(1−1)で、単量体(b)が化合物(2−1)であることが特に好ましい。
The polymerizable unsaturated group in the monomer (b) is preferably the same as at least one of Y and Z in the monomer (a), and is the same as both Y and Z in the monomer (a). More preferably. Thereby, the polymerizability of the monomer (a) and the monomer (b) becomes substantially equal, and it is easy to suppress the uneven distribution of the A unit and the B unit in the obtained ETFE.
When both the monomer (a) and the monomer (b) are used, the combination is such that the monomer (a) is the compound (1-1) or the compound (1-2), It is preferable that b) is a compound (2-1), it is especially preferable that a monomer (a) is a compound (1-1), and a monomer (b) is a compound (2-1).

ETFEにおけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は、30/70〜70/30が好ましく、40/60〜60/40がより好ましい。
A単位の割合は、E単位とTFE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.3〜5モル%が好ましく、0.5〜3モル%がより好ましく、0.5〜2モル%が特に好ましい。
B単位の割合は、E単位とTFE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.01〜10モル%が好ましく、0.1〜5モル%がより好ましい。
The molar ratio of TFE units to E units (TFE / E) in ETFE is preferably 30/70 to 70/30, and more preferably 40/60 to 60/40.
The proportion of the A unit is preferably 0.3 to 5 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mol%, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mol% with respect to the total (100 mol%) of the E unit and the TFE unit. Is particularly preferred.
The proportion of the B unit is preferably 0.01 to 10 mol% and more preferably 0.1 to 5 mol% with respect to the total (100 mol%) of the E unit and the TFE unit.

本発明におけるE単位、TFE単位、A単位およびB単位の割合は、得られたETFEの元素分析、NMR分析、IR分析から求める。なお、例えば、A単位の割合が小さい場合等、各繰り返し単位の割合がIR分析等から求められない場合は、ETFEの製造時の各単量体の仕込み量に基づいて算出してもよい。ただし、単量体の仕込み量に基づいて算出する場合、単量体(a)および単量体(b)の重合性が低いと該単量体が未反応のまま残るため、得られるETFEの各繰り返し単位の割合が、ETFE製造時の各単量体の仕込み量の割合と一致しないことがある。この場合は、未反応の単量体の量をガスクロマトグラフィー等により測定し、その未反応量と仕込み量との差に基づいて各繰り返し単位の割合を算出することが好ましい。
単量体(b)が、重合性不飽和基がビニル基である化合物(2−1)である場合、単量体(b)の仕込み量が少なければ(EおよびTFEの合計(100モル%)に対して2モル%以下)、ETFE中のB単位の割合は単量体(b)の仕込み量の割合と同程度となる。よって、単量体(a)が、重合性不飽和基としてビニル基を有する化合物(1−1)、化合物(1−2)である場合も、仕込み量が2モル%以下であれば、ETFE中のA単位の割合は単量体(a)の仕込み量の割合と同程度となると考えられる。
The ratios of E unit, TFE unit, A unit and B unit in the present invention are determined from elemental analysis, NMR analysis and IR analysis of the obtained ETFE. For example, when the proportion of each repeating unit cannot be obtained from IR analysis, for example, when the proportion of the A unit is small, it may be calculated based on the charged amount of each monomer at the time of manufacturing ETFE. However, when calculating based on the charged amount of the monomer, the monomer remains unreacted if the monomer (a) and the monomer (b) have low polymerizability. The proportion of each repeating unit may not match the proportion of the charged amount of each monomer during ETFE production. In this case, it is preferable to measure the amount of unreacted monomer by gas chromatography or the like and calculate the ratio of each repeating unit based on the difference between the unreacted amount and the charged amount.
When the monomer (b) is the compound (2-1) in which the polymerizable unsaturated group is a vinyl group, if the amount of the monomer (b) is small (total of E and TFE (100 mol%) ), The proportion of B units in ETFE is approximately the same as the proportion of the charged amount of monomer (b). Therefore, even when the monomer (a) is a compound (1-1) or compound (1-2) having a vinyl group as a polymerizable unsaturated group, if the charge amount is 2 mol% or less, ETFE It is considered that the proportion of the A unit in the inside is the same as the proportion of the charged amount of the monomer (a).

本発明のETFEの分子量は、各種成形方法が採用できる範囲が好ましい。ETFEの分子量は、容量流速(Q値)が指標となる。
ETFEの297℃、7kg/cm荷重下における容量流速(Q値)は、0.1〜30mm/秒が好ましく、1〜20mm/秒がより好ましい。ETFEの容量流速は、高化式フローテスタによって測定される。
The molecular weight of ETFE of the present invention is preferably within a range where various molding methods can be adopted. The molecular weight of ETFE is indicated by the volume flow rate (Q value).
The capacity flow rate (Q value) under 297 ° C. and 7 kg / cm 2 load of ETFE is preferably 0.1 to 30 mm 3 / sec, and more preferably 1 to 20 mm 3 / sec. The capacity flow rate of ETFE is measured by an elevated flow tester.

(製造方法)
本発明のETFEは、重合開始剤の存在下、E、TFEおよび単量体(a)を必須成分として含み、必要に応じて単量体(b)を含む単量体の混合物を重合することにより製造される。
重合方法としては、特に限定されず、バルク重合、溶液重合、乳化重合、懸濁重合等を採用できる。
溶液重合の重合媒体としては、ハイドロフルオロカーボン、クロロフルオロカーボン、ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン、ハイドロフルオロエーテル、ハイドロカーボン、アルコール等が使用できる。
乳化重合の重合媒体としては、水が使用される。また、水に加えて、アルコール等の水溶性の有機媒体を添加してもよい。
懸濁重合の重合媒体としては、水が使用される。水に加えて、重合媒体を添加する場合には、その重合媒体としては、ハイドロフルオロカーボン、クロロフルオロカーボン、ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン、ハイドロカーボン等が使用できる。
(Production method)
The ETFE of the present invention comprises E, TFE and monomer (a) as essential components in the presence of a polymerization initiator, and polymerizes a mixture of monomers including monomer (b) as necessary. Manufactured by.
It does not specifically limit as a polymerization method, Bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, etc. are employable.
As a polymerization medium for solution polymerization, hydrofluorocarbon, chlorofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluoroether, hydrocarbon, alcohol or the like can be used.
Water is used as a polymerization medium for emulsion polymerization. In addition to water, a water-soluble organic medium such as alcohol may be added.
Water is used as a polymerization medium for suspension polymerization. In the case of adding a polymerization medium in addition to water, hydrofluorocarbon, chlorofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrocarbon or the like can be used as the polymerization medium.

ハイドロフルオロカーボンとしては、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロシクロブタン、CFCFHCFCFCF、CF(CFH、CFCFCFHCFCF、CFCFHCFHCFCF、CFHCFHCFCFCF、CF(CFH、CFCH(CF)CFCFCF、CFCF(CF)CFHCFCF、CFCF(CF)CFHCFHCF、CFCH(CF)CFHCFCF、CFCFCHCH、CF(CFCHCH等が挙げられる。なかでも、ペルフルオロペンチルジフルオロメタン(CF(CFH)がより好ましい。
クロロフルオロカーボンとしては、1,1,2−トリクロロトリフルオロエタン等が挙げられる。
ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボンとしては、1,1,2,2,3−ペンタフルオロ−1,3−ジクロロプロパン、1−フルオロ−1,1−ジクロロエタン等が挙げられる。
ハイドロフルオロエーテルとしては、CFCHOCFCFH、CF(CF)CFCFOCH、CF(CFOCH等が挙げられる。
ハイドロカーボンとしては、ペンタン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等が挙げられる。
アルコールとしては、メタノール、エタノール等が挙げられる。
Examples of the hydrofluorocarbon include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorocyclobutane, CF 3 CFHCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 4 H, CF 3 CF 2 CFHCF 2 CF 3 , CF 3 CFHCHFCF 2 CF 3 , CF 2 HCFHCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 H, CF 3 CH (CF 3 ) CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 , CF 3 CF (CF 3 ) CFHCF 2 CF 3 , CF 3 CF (CF 3) CFHCFHCF 3, CF 3 CH (CF 3) CFHCF 2 CF 3, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 CH 3, CF 3 (CF 2) 3 CH 2 CH 3 and the like. Among these, perfluoropentyl difluoromethane (CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 H) is more preferable.
Examples of the chlorofluorocarbon include 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane.
Examples of the hydrochlorofluorocarbon include 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoro-1,3-dichloropropane, 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane and the like.
Examples of the hydrofluoroether include CF 3 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, CF 3 (CF 3 ) CFCF 2 OCH 3 , and CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 OCH 3 .
Examples of the hydrocarbon include pentane, hexane, and cyclohexane.
Examples of the alcohol include methanol and ethanol.

重合開始剤としては、ラジカル重合開始剤が好ましい。ラジカル重合開始剤としては、その半減期が10時間である温度が0〜100℃であるものが好ましく、20〜90℃であるものがより好ましい。具体的には、以下の化合物が挙げられる。
アゾビスイソブチロニトリル等のアゾ化合物、
イソブチリルペルオキシド、オクタノイルペルオキシド、ベンゾイルペルオキシド、ラウロイルペルオキシド等の非フッ素系ジアシルペルオキシド、
ジイソプロピルペルオキシジカ−ボネート、ジ−n−プロピルペルオキシジカーボネート等のペルオキシジカーボネート、
tert−ブチルペルオキシピバレート、tert−ブチルペルオキシイソブチレート、tert−ブチルペルオキシアセテート等のペルオキシエステル、
(Q(CFCOO)(ただし、Qは水素原子、フッ素原子または塩素原子であり、rは1〜10の整数である。)で表される化合物等の含フッ素ジアシルペルオキシド、
過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム等の無機過酸化物等。
As the polymerization initiator, a radical polymerization initiator is preferable. The radical polymerization initiator preferably has a half-life of 10 hours and a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C, more preferably 20 to 90 ° C. Specifically, the following compounds are mentioned.
Azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile,
Non-fluorinated diacyl peroxides such as isobutyryl peroxide, octanoyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide,
Peroxydicarbonates such as diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, di-n-propylperoxydicarbonate,
peroxyesters such as tert-butylperoxypivalate, tert-butylperoxyisobutyrate, tert-butylperoxyacetate,
Fluorine-containing diacyl peroxide such as a compound represented by (Q (CF 2 ) r COO) 2 (wherein Q is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, and r is an integer of 1 to 10),
Inorganic peroxides such as potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate.

単量体混合物中のTFEとEのモル比(TFE/E)は、30/70〜70/30が好ましく、40/60〜60/40がより好ましい。
単量体混合物中の単量体(a)の割合は、単量体(a)の重合性によっても異なるが、EとTFEの合計(100モル%)に対して、0.01〜15モル%が好ましく、0.1〜10モル%がより好ましく、0.5〜3モル%が特に好ましい。
単量体混合物中の単量体(b)の割合は、単量体(b)の重合性によっても異なるが、EとTFEの合計(100モル%)に対して、0.01〜10モル%が好ましく、0.1〜7.5モル%がより好ましく、0.1〜5モル%が特に好ましい。
30 / 70-70 / 30 is preferable and, as for the molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE and E in a monomer mixture, 40 / 60-60 / 40 is more preferable.
The proportion of the monomer (a) in the monomer mixture varies depending on the polymerizability of the monomer (a), but is 0.01 to 15 mol with respect to the total of E and TFE (100 mol%). % Is preferable, 0.1 to 10 mol% is more preferable, and 0.5 to 3 mol% is particularly preferable.
The proportion of the monomer (b) in the monomer mixture varies depending on the polymerizability of the monomer (b), but is 0.01 to 10 mol with respect to the total of E and TFE (100 mol%). % Is preferable, 0.1 to 7.5 mol% is more preferable, and 0.1 to 5 mol% is particularly preferable.

重合圧力は、0.01〜10MPaが好ましく、0.1〜3MPaがより好ましく、0.5〜3MPaが特に好ましい。
重合温度は、0〜100℃が好ましく、20〜90℃がより好ましい。重合温度は、単量体を仕込む前に予め重合容器の温度を調節することで調節してもよく、単量体を仕込んだ後に重合容器の温度を調節することで調節してもよい。
重合時間は、重合温度との兼ね合いで決まるものであるが、30分〜15時間が好ましい。
The polymerization pressure is preferably 0.01 to 10 MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 3 MPa, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 MPa.
The polymerization temperature is preferably 0 to 100 ° C, and more preferably 20 to 90 ° C. The polymerization temperature may be adjusted by adjusting the temperature of the polymerization vessel in advance before charging the monomer, or may be adjusted by adjusting the temperature of the polymerization vessel after charging the monomer.
The polymerization time is determined depending on the polymerization temperature, but is preferably 30 minutes to 15 hours.

本発明のETFEは、E単位およびTFE単位に加えて、A単位を有しているため、優れた透明性と、高い引張降伏応力が得られる。A単位により前述の効果が得られる要因は明らかではないが、以下のように考えられる。CH=CH−(CF−CH=CH等の炭素数6以上のペルフルオロアルキレン基を有する単量体は、両末端の不飽和結合が別々に重合することから、ETFE中で、ETFE鎖間を架橋するような構造を形成する。一方、単量体(a)は、ETFE中で、架橋構造を形成する割合が少なく、下式(3)で表されるような環化した構造の単位を形成する傾向があると考えられる。その結果、ETFEの結晶性が低くなり、透明性の向上と、引張降伏応力の向上とを両立できると考えられる。
そのうえ、本発明のETFEにおいて、A単位の含有量が少ないため、充分に高い融点を有するものと考えられる。
The ETFE of the present invention has an A unit in addition to an E unit and a TFE unit, so that excellent transparency and high tensile yield stress can be obtained. The reason why the above-mentioned effect can be obtained by the A unit is not clear, but is considered as follows. CH 2 = CH- (CF 2) 6 monomer having a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or more carbon atoms, such as -CH = CH 2, since the unsaturated bonds at both ends are polymerized separately in ETFE, A structure that crosslinks between ETFE chains is formed. On the other hand, the monomer (a) is considered to tend to form a unit of a cyclized structure as represented by the following formula (3) with a small ratio of forming a crosslinked structure in ETFE. As a result, the crystallinity of ETFE is lowered, and it is considered that both improvement in transparency and improvement in tensile yield stress can be achieved.
Moreover, in the ETFE of the present invention, it is considered that the ETFE has a sufficiently high melting point because the content of the A unit is small.

Figure 2012021054
Figure 2012021054

以下、実施例によって本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の記載によっては限定されない。例1、2は実施例であり、例3〜7は比較例である。
[例1]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体であるペルフルオロペンチルジフルオロメタン(以下、「C6H」という。)の786gと1,1,2,2,3−ペンタフルオロ−1,3−ジクロロプロパン(以下、「225cb」という。)の222g、単量体(a)である3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6−オクタフルオロ−1,7−オクタジエン(化合物(1−1))の5.4g、TFEの89.2g、および混合ガス(TFE/E=55/45(モル比))の35gを室温(25℃)において仕込んだ。ついで、該圧力容器の内温を66℃まで昇温させ、重合開始剤であるtert−ブチルペルオキシピバレート(10時間半減期温度55℃)の1質量%溶液(溶媒:C6H)(以下、「tBPOP溶液」という。)の8mLを仕込み、重合を開始させた。重合の進行に伴って圧力が低下するため、圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=55/45(モル比))と、該混合ガスに対して1.5モル%に相当する割合の化合物(1−1)を連続的に圧力容器に仕込んだ。重合開始後の混合ガスの仕込み量が60gになった時点で圧力容器の内温を室温まで冷却し、未反応ガスを空放して圧力容器を開放した。圧力容器の内容物を225cbで洗浄し、ガラスフィルターで濾過してスラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを60℃で12時間真空乾燥してETFE(1)を63g得た。
ETFE(1)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は53.0/47.0であった。A単位の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、1.3モル%であった。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited by the following description. Examples 1 and 2 are examples, and examples 3 to 7 are comparative examples.
[Example 1]
After degassing the 1 L pressure vessel with a stirrer, 786 g of perfluoropentyl difluoromethane (hereinafter referred to as “C6H”) as a polymerization medium and 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoro were added to the pressure vessel. 222 g of -1,3-dichloropropane (hereinafter referred to as “225cb”), 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-octafluoro-1,7- which is monomer (a) 5.4 g of octadiene (compound (1-1)), 89.2 g of TFE, and 35 g of mixed gas (TFE / E = 55/45 (molar ratio)) were charged at room temperature (25 ° C.). Next, the internal temperature of the pressure vessel was raised to 66 ° C., and a 1% by mass solution (solvent: C 6 H) of tert-butyl peroxypivalate (10-hour half-life temperature 55 ° C.) as a polymerization initiator (hereinafter referred to as “ 8 mL of “tBPOP solution” was charged to initiate polymerization. Since the pressure decreases with the progress of the polymerization, the mixed gas (TFE / E = 55/45 (molar ratio)) and 1.5 mol% with respect to the mixed gas so that the pressure becomes constant The ratio of the compound (1-1) was continuously charged into the pressure vessel. When the charged amount of the mixed gas after the start of polymerization reached 60 g, the internal temperature of the pressure vessel was cooled to room temperature, the unreacted gas was discharged and the pressure vessel was opened. The contents of the pressure vessel were washed with 225 cb and filtered through a glass filter to obtain a slurry. The obtained slurry was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 63 g of ETFE (1).
The molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE units to E units in ETFE (1) was 53.0 / 47.0. The ratio of A unit was 1.3 mol% with respect to the total of TFE unit and E unit (100 mol%).

[例2]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体であるC6Hの786gと225cbの222g、単量体(a)である化合物(1−1)の2.9g、TFEの89.2g、および混合ガス(TFE/E=55/45(モル比))の35gを仕込み、重合開始後の圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=55/45(モル比))と、該混合ガスに対して0.8モル%に相当する割合の化合物(1−1)を連続的に仕込んだ以外は、例1と同様にしてETFE(2)を69g得た。
ETFE(2)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は52.5/47.5であった。A単位の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.7モル%であった。
[Example 2]
After degassing a 1 L pressure vessel with a stirrer, 786 g of C6H as a polymerization medium and 222 g of 225 cb, 2.9 g of compound (1-1) as monomer (a), TFE were added to the pressure vessel. 89.2 g and 35 g of a mixed gas (TFE / E = 55/45 (molar ratio)) were added, and the mixed gas (TFE / E = 55/45 (molar ratio)) was set so that the pressure after the start of polymerization was constant. Ratio)) and 69 g of ETFE (2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (1-1) in a proportion corresponding to 0.8 mol% with respect to the mixed gas was continuously charged. .
The molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE units to E units in ETFE (2) was 52.5 / 47.5. The ratio of the A unit was 0.7 mol% with respect to the total of TFE units and E units (100 mol%).

[例3]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体であるC6Hの812.9gと225cbの215.9g、TFEの87.7g、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))の36.2g、および単量体(b)であるPFBE(ペルフルオロブチルエチレン)の5.4gを仕込み、重合開始剤としてtBPOP溶液の1mLを使用し、重合開始後の圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))と、該混合ガスに対して1.5モル%に相当する割合でPFBEを連続的に仕込んだ以外は、例1と同様にして白色のETFE(3)を63g得た。
ETFE(3)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は53.4/46.6であった。B単位(PFBEに基づく単位)の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、1.4モル%であった。
[Example 3]
After degassing a 1 L pressure vessel equipped with a stirrer, 812.9 g of C6H as a polymerization medium and 215.9 g of 225cb, 87.7 g of TFE, mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46). (Molar ratio)) 36.2 g and monomer (b) PFBE (perfluorobutylethylene) 5.4 g were charged, 1 mL of tBPOP solution was used as a polymerization initiator, and the pressure after the start of polymerization was Except that PFBE was continuously charged in a ratio corresponding to 1.5 mol% with respect to the mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio)) and the mixed gas so as to be constant. In the same manner as in Example 1, 63 g of white ETFE (3) was obtained.
The molar ratio of TFE units to E units (TFE / E) in ETFE (3) was 53.4 / 46.6. The ratio of B units (units based on PFBE) was 1.4 mol% with respect to the total of TFE units and E units (100 mol%).

[例4]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体であるC6Hの775.3gと225cbの239.9g、TFEの87.7g、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))の36.2g、および単量体(b)であるPFBEの2.8gを仕込み、重合開始剤としてtBPOP溶液の1mLを使用し、重合開始後の圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))と、該混合ガスに対して0.8モル%に相当する割合でPFBEを連続的に仕込んだ以外は、例1と同様にして白色のETFE(4)を63g得た。
ETFE(4)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は52.5/47.5であった。B単位(PFBEに基づく単位)の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.7モル%であった。
[Example 4]
After degassing a 1 L pressure vessel with a stirrer, 775.3 g of C6H as a polymerization medium and 239.9 g of 225cb, 87.7 g of TFE, mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46). (Molar ratio)) 36.2 g and 2.8 g of monomer (b) PFBE were charged, 1 mL of tBPOP solution was used as a polymerization initiator, and the pressure after the start of polymerization was kept constant. , Except that PFBE was continuously charged in a mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio)) and a ratio corresponding to 0.8 mol% with respect to the mixed gas. 63 g of white ETFE (4) was obtained.
The molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE units to E units in ETFE (4) was 52.5 / 47.5. The ratio of B unit (unit based on PFBE) was 0.7 mol% with respect to the total of TFE unit and E unit (100 mol%).

[例5]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体である225cbの936.8g、TFEの89.4g、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))の35.0g、単量体(a)の比較対象である3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8−ドデカフルオロ−1,9−デカジエン(CH=CH−(CF−CH=CH)(以下、「C6ジエン」という。)の0.5g、および単量体(b)であるPFBEの5.2gを仕込み、重合開始剤としてtBPOP溶液の2mLを使用し、重合開始後の圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))と、該混合ガスに対して1.5モル%に相当する割合でPFBEを連続的に仕込んだ以外は、例1と同様にしてETFE(5)を62g得た。
ETFE(5)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は52.7/47.3であった。B単位(PFBEに基づく単位)の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.7モル%であった。C6ジエンに基づく単位(以下、「A’単位」という。)の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.1モル%であった。
[Example 5]
After degassing the 1 L pressure vessel equipped with a stirrer, 936.8 g of 225cb as a polymerization medium, 89.4 g of TFE, mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio)) were added to the pressure vessel. 35.0 g, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-dodecafluoro-1,9-decadiene (CH 2 ) which is a comparison target of the monomer (a) ═CH— (CF 2 ) 6 —CH═CH 2 ) (hereinafter referred to as “C6 diene”) and 5.2 g of PFBE as the monomer (b) were charged as a polymerization initiator. Using 2 mL of tBPOP solution and corresponding to 1.5 mol% with respect to the mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio)) so that the pressure after the start of polymerization becomes constant In the same manner as in Example 1 except that PFBE was continuously charged at a ratio of It was obtained 62g.
The molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE units to E units in ETFE (5) was 52.7 / 47.3. The ratio of B unit (unit based on PFBE) was 0.7 mol% with respect to the total of TFE unit and E unit (100 mol%). The proportion of units based on C6 diene (hereinafter referred to as “A ′ units”) was 0.1 mol% based on the total of TFE units and E units (100 mol%).

[例6]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体である225cbの936.8g、TFEの89.4g、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))の35.0g、単量体(a)の比較対象であるC6ジエンの7.5gを仕込み、重合開始剤としてtBPOP溶液の2mLを使用し、重合開始後の圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))を連続的に仕込み、重合開始後の混合ガスの仕込み量が20gになったところで圧力容器の内温を室温まで冷却した以外は、例1と同様にしてETFE(6)を21g得た。
ETFE(6)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は53.5/46.5であった。A’単位の割合は、TFE単位とE単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、1.4モル%であった。
[Example 6]
After degassing the 1 L pressure vessel equipped with a stirrer, 936.8 g of 225cb as a polymerization medium, 89.4 g of TFE, mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio)) were added to the pressure vessel. 35.0 g, charged with 7.5 g of C6 diene, which is a comparison target of monomer (a), and 2 mL of tBPOP solution was used as a polymerization initiator, and the mixed gas was used so that the pressure after the start of polymerization became constant (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio)) was continuously charged. Except that the internal temperature of the pressure vessel was cooled to room temperature when the charged amount of the mixed gas after the start of polymerization reached 20 g, and Example 1 In the same manner, 21 g of ETFE (6) was obtained.
The molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE units to E units in ETFE (6) was 53.5 / 46.5. The proportion of A ′ units was 1.4 mol% with respect to the total of TFE units and E units (100 mol%).

[例7]
1Lの撹拌機付き圧力容器を脱気した後、該圧力容器に、重合媒体であるC6Hの683.9gと225cbの252.9g、TFEの88.5g、および混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))の37.0gを仕込み、重合開始剤としてtBPOP溶液の1mLを使用し、重合開始後の圧力が一定になるように、混合ガス(TFE/E=54/46(モル比))を連続的に仕込み、重合開始後の混合ガスの仕込み量が50gになったところで圧力容器の内温を室温まで冷却した以外は、例1と同様にしてETFE(7)を59g得た。
ETFE(7)におけるTFE単位とE単位のモル比(TFE/E)は53.5/46.5であった。
[Example 7]
After degassing the 1 L pressure vessel with a stirrer, the polymerization vessel was charged with polymerization medium C6H 683.9 g and 225 cb 252.9 g, TFE 88.5 g, and mixed gas (TFE / E = 54 / 46 (molar ratio)) was charged, 3 mL of tBPOP solution was used as a polymerization initiator, and a mixed gas (TFE / E = 54/46 (molar ratio) was used so that the pressure after the initiation of polymerization became constant. )) Was continuously added, and 59 g of ETFE (7) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the internal temperature of the pressure vessel was cooled to room temperature when the amount of the mixed gas after the start of polymerization reached 50 g. .
The molar ratio (TFE / E) of TFE units to E units in ETFE (7) was 53.5 / 46.5.

[測定方法]
各例で得られたETFEについての組成(各単位の割合)、容量流量(Q値)、融点、引張降伏応力およびヘイズの測定方法を以下に示す。
1.ETFEの組成
ETFE中のE単位、TFE単位、B単位の割合は、フッ素元素分析および19F−溶融NMRにより求めた。また、ETFE中のA単位およびA’単位の割合は、ETFEを除去後の225cbと、大気放出した混合ガス(TFE/E)に含まれる単量体(a)または単量体(b)の量をガスクロマトグラフィにて測定し、未反応の単量体(a)または単量体(b)の量を決定し、この未反応量と仕込み量との差から算出した。
2.容量流速(Q値)
高化式フローテスタを使用し、297℃、7kg/cm荷重下で、直径2.095mm、長さ8mmのノズルから単位時間に流出するETFEの容量(mm/秒)を測定した。
3.融点
SII DSC6220型示差走査熱量計装置(セイコー電子社製)を使用し、10℃/分で昇温したときの融解ピークを融点とした。
4.ヘイズ
ヘーズメータ(スガ試験機社製)を使用し、200μm厚に成形したETFEフィルムについてヘイズを測定した。
5.引張降伏応力
ASTM D−638の測定方法に準じた方法で、200μm厚に成形したETFEフィルムについて引張降伏応力(単位:MPa)を測定した。
各例におけるETFEの測定結果を表1に示す。なお、表1におけるA単位、B単位およびA’単位の割合は、それぞれE単位とTFE単位の合計(100モル%)に対する割合である。
[Measuring method]
The composition (ratio of each unit), capacity flow rate (Q value), melting point, tensile yield stress and haze measurement method for ETFE obtained in each example are shown below.
1. Composition of ETFE The proportions of E units, TFE units, and B units in ETFE were determined by elemental fluorine analysis and 19 F-melting NMR. In addition, the ratio of A unit and A ′ unit in ETFE is 225 cb after removal of ETFE and the monomer (a) or monomer (b) contained in the mixed gas (TFE / E) released into the atmosphere. The amount was measured by gas chromatography, the amount of unreacted monomer (a) or monomer (b) was determined, and the amount was calculated from the difference between the unreacted amount and the charged amount.
2. Capacity flow rate (Q value)
Using a Koka flow tester, the capacity (mm 3 / sec) of ETFE flowing out from a nozzle having a diameter of 2.095 mm and a length of 8 mm per unit time was measured under a load of 297 ° C. and 7 kg / cm 2 .
3. Melting point Using a SII DSC 6220 type differential scanning calorimeter (Seiko Electronics Co., Ltd.), the melting peak when the temperature was raised at 10 ° C./min was taken as the melting point.
4). Using a haze haze meter (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), haze was measured for an ETFE film molded to a thickness of 200 μm.
5. Tensile Yield Stress Tensile yield stress (unit: MPa) was measured for an ETFE film molded to a thickness of 200 μm by a method according to ASTM D-638.
Table 1 shows the ETFE measurement results in each example. In Table 1, the ratio of the A unit, the B unit, and the A ′ unit is a ratio with respect to the total (100 mol%) of the E unit and the TFE unit, respectively.

Figure 2012021054
Figure 2012021054

表1に示すように、A単位を有する例1および例2のETFEは、E単位とTFE単位のみを有する例7のETFEに比べて、ヘイズが小さく、引張降伏応力が高かった。また、PFBEに基づくB単位を有する例3および例4のETFEと比べても、ヘイズが小さく、引張降伏応力が高くなっていた。また、例1および例2のETFEは、融点の低下が小さく、充分に高い融点を有していた。
また、例1のETFEと同等の割合でC6ジエンに基づくA’単位を有する例6のETFEは、297℃において流動せず、成形材料として使用できなかった。また、流動を可能とする程度にA’単位を減らした例7のETFEは、例1および例2のETFEに比べてヘイズが高くなり、引張降伏応力が低下した。
以上のように、A単位を有する本発明のETFEは、透明性に優れ、かつ高い引張降伏応力を有し、充分に高い融点を有していた。
As shown in Table 1, the ETFEs of Examples 1 and 2 having A units had smaller haze and higher tensile yield stress than those of Example 7 having only E units and TFE units. Moreover, even if compared with the ETFE of Example 3 and Example 4 having B units based on PFBE, the haze was small and the tensile yield stress was high. In addition, the ETFE of Examples 1 and 2 had a sufficiently high melting point with a small decrease in melting point.
Further, the ETFE of Example 6 having A ′ units based on C6 diene at a ratio equivalent to that of Example 1 did not flow at 297 ° C. and could not be used as a molding material. In addition, the ETFE of Example 7 in which the A ′ unit was reduced to such an extent that it could flow was higher in haze than the ETFEs of Example 1 and Example 2, and the tensile yield stress was reduced.
As described above, the ETFE of the present invention having an A unit was excellent in transparency, had a high tensile yield stress, and had a sufficiently high melting point.

本発明のETFEは、透明性に優れ、高い引張降伏応力を有し、また融点も充分に高いため、フィルム、容器等の成形材料として有用である。   The ETFE of the present invention is useful as a molding material for films, containers, and the like because of excellent transparency, high tensile yield stress, and sufficiently high melting point.

Claims (7)

エチレンに基づく繰り返し単位と、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位と、下式(1)で表される単量体(a)に基づく繰り返し単位とを有することを特徴とするエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。
Y−(CF−Z ・・・(1)
(ただし、YおよびZは、それぞれ独立にビニル基、トリフルオロビニル基またはトリフルオロビニルオキシ基である。)
An ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer comprising a repeating unit based on ethylene, a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene, and a repeating unit based on the monomer (a) represented by the following formula (1): Polymer.
Y- (CF 2 ) 4 -Z (1)
(However, Y and Z are each independently a vinyl group, a trifluorovinyl group, or a trifluorovinyloxy group.)
前記単量体(a)に基づく繰り返し単位の割合が、前記エチレンに基づく繰り返し単位とテトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.5〜2モル%である、請求項1に記載のエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。   The ratio of the repeating unit based on the monomer (a) is 0.5 to 2 mol% based on the total (100 mol%) of the repeating unit based on the ethylene and the repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene. The ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer according to claim 1. 前記テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位とエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位のモル比(TFE/E)が30/70〜70/30である、請求項1または2に記載のエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。   The ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a molar ratio (TFE / E) of the repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene and the repeating unit based on ethylene is 30/70 to 70/30. . 前記単量体(a)が、下式(1−1)で表される単量体である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。
CH=CH−(CF−CH=CH ・・・(1−1)
The ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the monomer (a) is a monomer represented by the following formula (1-1).
CH 2 = CH- (CF 2) 4 -CH = CH 2 ··· (1-1)
さらに、重合性二重結合を1個有する単量体(b)(エチレンおよびテトラフルオロエチレンを除く。)に基づく繰り返し単位を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。   The ethylene / tetra of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a repeating unit based on the monomer (b) having one polymerizable double bond (excluding ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene). Fluoroethylene copolymer. 前記単量体(b)が、下式(2)で表される単量体である、請求項5に記載のエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。
CH=CX(CFW ・・・(2)
(ただし、XおよびWは、それぞれ独立に水素原子またはフッ素原子であり、nは1〜8の整数である。)
The ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer according to claim 5, wherein the monomer (b) is a monomer represented by the following formula (2).
CH 2 = CX (CF 2 ) n W (2)
(However, X and W are each independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and n is an integer of 1-8.)
前記単量体(b)に基づく繰り返し単位の割合が、前記エチレンに基づく繰り返し単位とテトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位の合計(100モル%)に対して、0.01〜10モル%である、請求項5または6に記載のエチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体。   The ratio of the repeating unit based on the monomer (b) is 0.01 to 10 mol% with respect to the total (100 mol%) of the repeating unit based on the ethylene and the repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene. The ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer according to claim 5 or 6.
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