JP2012013422A - Moving direction determining device - Google Patents

Moving direction determining device Download PDF

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JP2012013422A
JP2012013422A JP2010147319A JP2010147319A JP2012013422A JP 2012013422 A JP2012013422 A JP 2012013422A JP 2010147319 A JP2010147319 A JP 2010147319A JP 2010147319 A JP2010147319 A JP 2010147319A JP 2012013422 A JP2012013422 A JP 2012013422A
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human body
pyroelectric sensor
moving direction
electromagnetic waves
sensor units
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Akira Wada
亮 和田
Masamitsu Okawa
雅充 大川
Yoshio Suzuki
美穂 鈴木
Yoichi Komatsu
洋一 小松
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Yazaki Corp
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Yazaki Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moving direction determining device saving a cost, and having high resolution.SOLUTION: The moving direction determining device comprises two or more pyroelectric sensor portions 21a-21d respectively forming human body detection areas DSa-DSd in which electromagnetic waves discharged from a human body are detected, and a moving direction determining portion determining a moving direction of the human body on the basis of the electromagnetic waves detected by the pyroelectric sensor portions 21a-21d. The human body detection areas DSa-DSd are partially superimposed with each other, and the outer peripheries of the human body detecting areas DSa-DSd are disposed at different positions. The moving direction determining portion determines an order which the two or more pyroelectric sensor portions 21a-21d detect the electromagnetic waves, and determines the moving direction of the human body from the order.

Description

本発明は、複数の焦電センサ部を用いた移動方向判定装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a moving direction determination device using a plurality of pyroelectric sensor units.

人体などの被検出体から放射される赤外線などの電磁波を感知する複数の焦電型赤外線センサを備える人体移動軌跡検出装置が従来から知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a human body movement trajectory detection device including a plurality of pyroelectric infrared sensors that sense electromagnetic waves such as infrared rays radiated from a detection target such as a human body is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特許文献１では、先ず、赤外線センサ毎に、検出する赤外線量が増加し始める境界円と、その増加が終了する境界円とを規定する。そして、人体が境界円を通過する時刻を求め、当該時刻及び境界円の半径を用いて、人体と境界円との交差位置及び当該位置における人体の移動方向を求めている。   In Patent Document 1, first, for each infrared sensor, a boundary circle where the amount of detected infrared rays starts to increase and a boundary circle where the increase ends are defined. Then, the time when the human body passes the boundary circle is obtained, and the intersection position of the human body and the boundary circle and the moving direction of the human body at the position are obtained using the time and the radius of the boundary circle.

特開２０１０−７１６８８号公報JP 2010-71688 A

特許文献１では、人体が境界円を通過する時刻から複数の連立方程式を解いて人体の移動軌跡を演算するため、高精度な判定が可能である。しかしその反面、複雑な演算処理を行うため、装置の構成には所定の処理能力を備えるＭＰＵ（マイクロプロセッシングユニット）が必要となり、商品化の際にコストが高くなってしまう。   In Patent Document 1, since a plurality of simultaneous equations are solved from the time when the human body passes the boundary circle and the movement trajectory of the human body is calculated, a highly accurate determination is possible. However, on the other hand, in order to perform complicated arithmetic processing, the configuration of the apparatus requires an MPU (microprocessing unit) having a predetermined processing capability, which increases the cost for commercialization.

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みて成されたものであり、その目的は、低コスト且つ分解能が高い移動方向判定装置を提供することである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a moving direction determination device with low cost and high resolution.

本発明の特徴は、人体から放出される電磁波を検出する人体検出領域をそれぞれ形成する２以上の焦電センサ部と、２以上の焦電センサ部により検出された電磁波に基づいて、人体の移動方向を判定する移動方向判定部と、を備える移動方向判定装置である。各人体検出領域の一部分は互いに重なり合い、各人体検出領域の外周は異なる位置に配置されている。移動方向判定部は、２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出する順番を判定し、当該順番から人体の移動方向を判定する。   The feature of the present invention is that two or more pyroelectric sensor parts that respectively form human body detection areas for detecting electromagnetic waves emitted from the human body and movement of the human body based on the electromagnetic waves detected by the two or more pyroelectric sensor parts. A movement direction determination device including a movement direction determination unit that determines a direction. A part of each human body detection region overlaps each other, and the outer periphery of each human body detection region is arranged at a different position. The moving direction determination unit determines the order in which two or more pyroelectric sensor units detect electromagnetic waves, and determines the moving direction of the human body from the order.

本発明の特徴によれば、２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出する順番のみを確認することで、簡単且つ高精度に人体の移動方向を判定することができる。よって、高度な演算処理を必要としないため、低コストな移動方向判定装置を実現することができる。   According to the feature of the present invention, the moving direction of the human body can be determined easily and with high accuracy by confirming only the order in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units detect electromagnetic waves. Therefore, since an advanced calculation process is not required, a low-cost moving direction determination device can be realized.

本発明の特徴において、移動方向判定部は、２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出し始める順番から、互いに重なり合う各人体検出領域の一部分に対して人体が進入する方向を判定し、２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出し終わる順番から、互いに重なり合う各人体検出領域の一部分に対して人体が進出する方向を判定してもよい。これにより、進入と進出でそれぞれ移動方向を判定できるので、全体の判定移動方向の組合わせの数が増え、判定精度が更に向上する。   In the features of the present invention, the moving direction determination unit determines a direction in which a human body enters a part of each human body detection region that overlaps each other from the order in which two or more pyroelectric sensor units start detecting electromagnetic waves. From the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units finish detecting electromagnetic waves, the direction in which the human body advances may be determined with respect to a part of each human body detection region overlapping each other. Thereby, since the moving direction can be determined for each of approach and advance, the number of combinations of the entire determined moving directions is increased, and the determination accuracy is further improved.

また、移動方向判定部は、２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出する時間差が所定値未満である場合、２以上の焦電センサ部はほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定してもよい。同時の判定を加えることにより、移動方向が細分化されるので、判定精度が更に向上する。   Further, the moving direction determination unit may determine that the two or more pyroelectric sensor units have detected the electromagnetic wave substantially simultaneously when the time difference between the two or more pyroelectric sensor units detecting the electromagnetic wave is less than a predetermined value. By adding simultaneous determination, the moving direction is subdivided, so that the determination accuracy is further improved.

本発明によれば、低コスト且つ分解能が高い移動方向判定装置を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a moving direction determination device with low cost and high resolution.

本発明の実施の形態に係わる移動方向判定装置の全体構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the moving direction determination apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ切断面に沿った移動方向判定装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the moving direction determination apparatus along the AA cut surface of FIG. 図１の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄ及び視野角制限カバー１５によってそれぞれ形成される人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの配置例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the human body detection area | region DSa-DSd each formed by the pyroelectric sensor parts 21a-21d of FIG. 焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する順番から人体の移動方向を判定する方法の一例を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the method of determining the moving direction of a human body from the order in which the pyroelectric sensor parts 21a-21d detect electromagnetic waves. 焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する順番から人体の移動方向を判定する方法の他の例を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the other example of the method of determining the moving direction of a human body from the order in which the pyroelectric sensor parts 21a-21d detect electromagnetic waves. 焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄから出力される電気信号の波形の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the waveform of the electric signal output from pyroelectric sensor parts 21a-21d.

以下図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。図面の記載において同一部分には同一符号を付している。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

図１を参照して、本発明の実施の形態に係わる移動方向判定装置の全体構成を説明する。移動方向判定装置は、人体から放出される電磁波（例えば、赤外線）を検出する４つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄと、４つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄを収納する視野角制限カバー１５とを備える。焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄは、人体から放出される電磁波の強度に応じた電気信号を出力する、少なくとも１以上の焦電素子をそれぞれ備える。   With reference to FIG. 1, the overall configuration of a moving direction determination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The moving direction determination device includes four pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d that detect electromagnetic waves (for example, infrared rays) emitted from the human body and a viewing angle restriction cover 15 that houses the four pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d. Prepare. The pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d respectively include at least one or more pyroelectric elements that output an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the human body.

視野角制限カバー１５は、例えば、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄを収納する箱形の容器であって、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄの赤外線検出方向の１つの面には円形の開口が形成されている。焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄは、この開口から入射する赤外線を検知することができる。また、この開口によって、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが人体を検出することができる領域が制限される。詳細は、図２及び図３を参照して後述する。   The viewing angle limiting cover 15 is, for example, a box-shaped container that houses the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d, and a circular opening is formed on one surface of the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d in the infrared detection direction. ing. The pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d can detect infrared rays incident from the opening. Moreover, the area | region which the pyroelectric sensor parts 21a-21d can detect a human body by this opening is restrict | limited. Details will be described later with reference to FIGS.

図示は省略するが、移動方向判定装置は、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄから出力された電気信号を処理して人体の移動方向を算出する演算部を更に備える。演算部は、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄにより検出された電磁波に基づいて、人体の移動方向を判定する移動方向判定部として機能する。   Although illustration is omitted, the moving direction determination device further includes a calculation unit that processes the electrical signals output from the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d to calculate the moving direction of the human body. The calculation unit functions as a movement direction determination unit that determines the movement direction of the human body based on the electromagnetic waves detected by the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d.

図２に示すように、図１のＡ−Ａ切断面において、視野角制限カバー１５に形成された開口の端部１５ｅは、焦電センサ部２１ｂ、２１ｄが人体を検出することができる領域を制限している。開口の端部１５ｅの形状や、焦電センサ部２１ｂ、２１ｄと開口の端部１５ｅとの位置関係などを調整することにより、焦電センサ部２１ｂ、２１ｄが人体を検出することができる領域（人体検出領域）ＤＳｂ、ＤＳｄをずらして形成することができる。図示は省略するが、焦電センサ部２１ａ、２１ｃについても同様にして、開口の端部１５ｅによって人体検出領域をそれぞれ形成することができる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the end 15e of the opening formed in the viewing angle limiting cover 15 in the AA cut plane of FIG. 1 is an area where the pyroelectric sensor units 21b and 21d can detect a human body. Restricted. By adjusting the shape of the opening end 15e, the positional relationship between the pyroelectric sensor units 21b and 21d and the opening end 15e, the pyroelectric sensor units 21b and 21d can detect a human body ( Human body detection regions DSb and DSd can be formed by shifting. Although illustration is omitted, the human body detection regions can be formed by the end portions 15e of the openings in the same manner for the pyroelectric sensor portions 21a and 21c.

図３を参照して、図１の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄ及び視野角制限カバー１５の開口の端部１５ｅによってそれぞれ形成される人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの形状及び配置例を説明する。焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄは、開口の端部１５ｅによって、略円形の人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄをそれぞれ形成し、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの内側に居る人体から放出される赤外線をそれぞれ検出する。図２を参照して説明したように、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄと開口の端部１５ｅとの位置関係を調整することにより、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの一部は互いに重なり合い、且つ、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの外周は異なる位置に配置する、すなわち、ずらして配置することができる。図２に示す断面は、図３のＡ−Ａ切断面に相当する。更に、図３に示す人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの配置は、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄの配置に対応している。   With reference to FIG. 3, shapes and arrangement examples of the human body detection regions DSa to DSd formed by the pyroelectric sensor portions 21a to 21d and the end portion 15e of the opening of the viewing angle limiting cover 15 in FIG. The pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d form substantially circular human body detection areas DSa to DSd by the end 15e of the opening, respectively, and detect infrared rays emitted from the human body inside the human body detection areas DSa to DSd, respectively. . As described with reference to FIG. 2, by adjusting the positional relationship between the pyroelectric sensor units 21 a to 21 d and the end 15 e of the opening, a part of the human body detection regions DSa to DSd overlap each other, and the human body The outer circumferences of the detection areas DSa to DSd can be arranged at different positions, that is, can be arranged shifted. The cross section shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the AA cut plane of FIG. Furthermore, the arrangement of the human body detection areas DSa to DSd shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the arrangement of the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d.

すなわち、図３に示す直交座標系において、第１象限に焦電センサ部２１ｄの中心が位置し、第２象限に焦電センサ部２１ｃの中心が位置し、第３象限に焦電センサ部２１ｂの中心が位置し、第４象限に焦電センサ部２１ａの中心が位置している。この場合、第１象限に人体検出領域ＤＳｂの中心が位置し、第２象限に人体検出領域ＤＳａの中心が位置し、第３象限に人体検出領域ＤＳｄの中心が位置し、第４象限に人体検出領域ＤＳｃの中心が位置する。このように、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄの位置は、原点を中心として、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄの位置に対象である。なお、総ての人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄが重なり合う一部分は、重複領域ＷＧを形成している。   That is, in the orthogonal coordinate system shown in FIG. 3, the center of the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d is located in the first quadrant, the center of the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c is located in the second quadrant, and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b in the third quadrant. The center of the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a is located in the fourth quadrant. In this case, the center of the human body detection region DSb is located in the first quadrant, the center of the human body detection region DSa is located in the second quadrant, the center of the human body detection region DSd is located in the third quadrant, and the human body is located in the fourth quadrant. The center of the detection region DSc is located. As described above, the positions of the human body detection areas DSa to DSd are targeted at the positions of the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d with the origin at the center. A part where all the human body detection areas DSa to DSd overlap forms an overlapping area WG.

図４を参照して、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する順番から人体の移動方向を判定する方法の一例を説明する。人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄをずらして配置した場合、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄを通過する人体を焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが検出するタイミングに時間差が生じる。例えば、図４の矢印Ｙ１に示すように、外部から人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄが重なり合う重複領域ＷＧへ人体が進入する場合を考える。先ず、人体検出領域ＤＳｂの中に進入し、人体検出領域ＤＳｃの中に進入し、人体検出領域ＤＳａの中に進入し、最後に、人体検出領域ＤＳｄの中に進入する。よって、焦電センサ部２１ｂ、焦電センサ部２１ｃ、焦電センサ部２１ａ、そして、焦電センサ部２１ｄの順番で人体を検出し始める。   With reference to FIG. 4, an example of a method for determining the moving direction of the human body from the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect electromagnetic waves will be described. When the human body detection areas DSa to DSd are shifted from each other, there is a time difference in the timing at which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect the human body that passes through the human body detection areas DSa to DSd. For example, consider a case where a human body enters the overlapping area WG where human body detection areas DSa to DSd overlap as shown by an arrow Y1 in FIG. First, it enters the human body detection area DSb, enters the human body detection area DSc, enters the human body detection area DSa, and finally enters the human body detection area DSd. Therefore, detection of a human body starts in the order of the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a, and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d.

人体を検出し始める焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄの順番を特定できれば、図４に示すように、８つのエリア１−１、１−２、２−１、２−２、３−１、３−２、４−１、４−２のうちの１つのエリアを進入方向として特定することができる。また、矢印Ｙ２に示すように人体が重複領域ＷＧの中から外部へ進出する場合も、同様にして、人体を検出し終わる焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄの順番を特定できれば、８つのエリア１−１〜４−２のうちの１つのエリアを進出方向として特定することができる。よって、進入の８エリアと進出の８エリアから８×８＝６４通りの移動方向を判定することができる。但し、進入と進出とが同じエリアである場合も含む。   If the order of the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d starting to detect the human body can be specified, as shown in FIG. 4, the eight areas 1-1, 1-2, 2-1, 2-2, 3-1, 3- One area of 2, 4-1, and 4-2 can be specified as the approach direction. Similarly, when the human body advances from the overlapping region WG to the outside as indicated by the arrow Y2, the eight areas 1- 21 can be identified as long as the order of the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d that finish detecting the human body can be specified in the same manner. One area from 1 to 4-2 can be specified as the advance direction. Therefore, 8 × 8 = 64 movement directions can be determined from the 8 areas of entry and the 8 areas of advance. However, the case where the entrance and advance are in the same area is also included.

そこで、移動方向判定装置が備える演算部は、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが赤外線を検出する順番を判定し、当該順番から人体の移動方向を判定する。ここで、「焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが赤外線を検出する順番」には、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが赤外線を検出し始める順番と、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが赤外線を検出し終わる順番とが含まれる。   Therefore, the calculation unit included in the movement direction determination device determines the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect infrared rays, and determines the movement direction of the human body from the order. Here, in the “order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect infrared rays”, the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d start detecting infrared rays and the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d finish detecting infrared rays. And order.

なお、人体の移動方向を判定するためには、総ての焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄについて赤外線を検出する順番を特定する必要はなく、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄのうちの少なくとも２つの焦電センサ部が赤外線を検出する順番を特定すればよい。具体的には、人体の進入方向を判定するためには、少なくとも、最初に赤外線を検出し始める焦電センサ部と、その次に赤外線を検出し始める焦電センサ部とを特定すればよい。つまり、少なくとも最初の２つの焦電センサ部を特定できればよい。また、人体の進出方向を判定するためには、少なくとも、３番目に赤外線を検出し終わる焦電センサ部と、最後に赤外線を検出し終わる焦電センサ部とを特定すればよい。すなわち、少なくとも最後の２つの焦電センサ部を特定できればよい。   In order to determine the moving direction of the human body, it is not necessary to specify the order in which infrared rays are detected for all the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d, and at least two pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d. What is necessary is just to specify the order which an electric sensor part detects infrared rays. Specifically, in order to determine the approaching direction of the human body, at least a pyroelectric sensor unit that starts detecting infrared rays first and a pyroelectric sensor unit that starts detecting infrared rays next may be specified. That is, it is sufficient that at least the first two pyroelectric sensor units can be specified. In order to determine the advancing direction of the human body, at least the pyroelectric sensor unit that finishes detecting infrared rays at the third time and the pyroelectric sensor unit that finishes detecting infrared rays last may be specified. That is, it is sufficient that at least the last two pyroelectric sensor units can be specified.

焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する順番から人体の移動方向を判定する方法の他の例を説明する。ここでは、２つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する時間差が所定値未満である場合、この２つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄはほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定する。２つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する時間差が所定値以上である場合、前述したとおり、この２つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄについては電磁波を検出した順番を特定する。   Another example of a method for determining the moving direction of the human body from the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect electromagnetic waves will be described. Here, when the time difference at which the two pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect electromagnetic waves is less than a predetermined value, it is determined that the two pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d have detected electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously. When the time difference in which the two pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect electromagnetic waves is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the order in which the electromagnetic waves are detected is specified for the two pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d as described above.

図５は、移動方向を判定するエリアの振り分けを示している。例えば、エリア２−１は、人体検出領域ＤＳａの外周と人体検出領域ＤＳｂの外周との交差点、及び人体検出領域ＤＳｃの外周と人体検出領域ＤＳｄの外周との交差点を含むエリアである。このエリアを人体が移動する場合、焦電センサ部２１ａ及び焦電センサ部２１ｂがほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定され、また、焦電センサ部２１ｃ及び焦電センサ部２１ｄがほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定される。そして、焦電センサ部２１ａ及び焦電センサ部２１ｂが電磁波を検出したタイミングと、焦電センサ部２１ｃ及び焦電センサ部２１ｄが電磁波を検出したタイミングの前後関係を特定することにより、エリア２−１或いはエリア４−１を移動方向として判定することができる。   FIG. 5 shows allocation of areas for determining the moving direction. For example, area 2-1 is an area including the intersection of the outer periphery of human body detection region DSa and the outer periphery of human body detection region DSb, and the intersection of the outer periphery of human body detection region DSc and the outer periphery of human body detection region DSd. When the human body moves in this area, it is determined that the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b detect electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously, and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d detect electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously. It is determined that Then, by specifying the front-rear relationship between the timing at which the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b detect electromagnetic waves and the timing at which the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c and pyroelectric sensor unit 21d detect electromagnetic waves, the area 2- 1 or area 4-1 can be determined as the moving direction.

また、エリア２−３は、人体検出領域ＤＳｂの外周と人体検出領域ＤＳｄの外周との交差点を含むエリアである。このエリアを人体が移動する場合、焦電センサ部２１ｂ及び焦電センサ部２１ｄがほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定される。そして、焦電センサ部２１ａ及び焦電センサ部２１ｃの少なくともいずれか一方が電磁波を検出したタイミングと、焦電センサ部２１ｂ及び焦電センサ部２１ｄが電磁波を検出したタイミングの前後関係を特定することにより、エリア２−３或いはエリア４−３を移動方向として判定することができる。   Area 2-3 is an area including an intersection between the outer periphery of the human body detection region DSb and the outer periphery of the human body detection region DSd. When the human body moves in this area, it is determined that the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d have detected electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously. Then, the timing relationship between the timing at which at least one of the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c detects the electromagnetic wave and the timing at which the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d detect the electromagnetic wave is specified. Thus, the area 2-3 or the area 4-3 can be determined as the moving direction.

このように、同時を含む順番を特定することにより、図５に示すように、１６のエリア１−１〜１−４、２−１〜２−４、３−１〜３−４、４−１〜４−４のうちの１つのエリアを移動方向として特定することができる。更に、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが赤外線を検出し始める順番と、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが赤外線を検出し終わる順番とをそれぞれ判定することにより、１６のエリアのうちの１つのエリアを進入方向及び進出方向としてそれぞれ特定することができる。よって、進入の１６エリアと進出の１６エリアから１６×１６＝２５６通りの移動方向を判定することができる。但し、進入と進出とが同じエリアである場合も含む。   Thus, by specifying the order including the simultaneous, as shown in FIG. 5, 16 areas 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4, 3-1 to 3-4, 4- One area of 1-4-4 can be specified as the movement direction. Furthermore, by determining the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d start detecting infrared rays and the order in which the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d finish detecting infrared rays, one of the 16 areas is determined. It can specify as an approach direction and an advance direction, respectively. Therefore, 16 × 16 = 256 moving directions can be determined from the 16 areas of entry and the 16 areas of advance. However, the case where the entrance and advance are in the same area is also included.

なお、人体の移動方向を判定するためには、総ての焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄについて赤外線を検出する順番を特定する必要はなく、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄのうちの少なくとも２つの焦電センサ部が赤外線を検出する順番を特定すればよい。ただし、２つの焦電センサ部がほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定された場合、この２つの焦電センサ部は、１つの焦電センサ部としてカウントされ、その他の焦電センサ部との順番を特定すればよい。   In order to determine the moving direction of the human body, it is not necessary to specify the order in which infrared rays are detected for all the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d, and at least two pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d. What is necessary is just to specify the order which an electric sensor part detects infrared rays. However, if it is determined that the two pyroelectric sensor units have detected electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously, the two pyroelectric sensor units are counted as one pyroelectric sensor unit, and the order of the other pyroelectric sensor units is What is necessary is just to specify.

図６は、焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄから出力される電気信号の波形の一例を示す。この電気信号の波形は、現在のデータから１つ前のデータを減算したものであるため、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄに人体が進入するとマイナス方向に波形が振れ、人体検出領域ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄから人体が進出するとプラス方向に波形が振れている。また、この電気信号の波形は、各焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄから出力される電気信号の差分（値の変化のみをデータとして扱う）を行い、バタワースフィルタ等をかけることにより得られる。   FIG. 6 shows an example of waveforms of electrical signals output from the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d. Since the waveform of the electrical signal is obtained by subtracting the previous data from the current data, when the human body enters the human body detection areas DSa to DSd, the waveform swings in the negative direction, and the human body detection areas DSa to DSd As the company advances, the waveform swings in the positive direction. Moreover, the waveform of this electric signal is obtained by performing a difference between electric signals output from the pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d (only a change in the value is handled as data) and applying a Butterworth filter or the like.

図６の例では、先ず、焦電センサ部２１ｄが人体からの電磁波を検知し始め、その後、焦電センサ部２１ｃが人体からの電磁波を検知し始めている。よって、図４に示す８つのエリアのうち、エリア３−２から人体が進入していることを判定することができる。勿論、最初の３つの焦電センサ部の順番、或いは４つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄの順番に基づいて、エリア３−２からの進入を判定しても良い。   In the example of FIG. 6, first, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d starts to detect electromagnetic waves from the human body, and then the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c starts to detect electromagnetic waves from the human body. Therefore, it can be determined that the human body has entered from the area 3-2 among the eight areas shown in FIG. Of course, the entry from the area 3-2 may be determined based on the order of the first three pyroelectric sensor units or the order of the four pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d.

また、同時判定を考慮する場合、焦電センサ部２１ｄと焦電センサ部２１ｃがほぼ同時に電磁波を検知し始め、焦電センサ部２１ａと焦電センサ部２１ｂがほぼ同時に電磁波を検知し始めている。よって、図５に示す１６のエリアのうち、エリア４−１から人体が進入していることを判定することができる。   Further, when considering simultaneous determination, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c begin to detect electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously, and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b begin to detect electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously. Therefore, it can be determined that the human body has entered from the area 4-1 among the 16 areas shown in FIG. 5.

進出に関しては、例えば、プラス方向に振れる波形のピーク値の順番を確認する。図６の例では、焦電センサ部２１ｃ、焦電センサ部２１ｂ、焦電センサ部２１ｄ、焦電センサ部２１ａの順番でプラス方向のピーク値が現れる。最後の２つの焦電センサ部２１ｄ、焦電センサ部２１ａから、図４に示す８つのエリアのうち、エリア２−２から人体が進出していることを判定することができる。よって、図６の波形から、図４の判定方法を用いて、エリア３−２から人体が進入し、エリア２−２から人体が進出していることを判定することができる。なお、反応しない焦電センサ部が含まれている場合もあるので、所定の閾値を設け、閾値を超えるピーク値について順番を特定することが望ましい。   For advancement, for example, the order of the peak values of the waveform that swings in the positive direction is confirmed. In the example of FIG. 6, a peak value in the positive direction appears in the order of the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d, and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a. From the last two pyroelectric sensor units 21d and 21a, it can be determined that the human body has advanced from area 2-2 among the eight areas shown in FIG. Therefore, it can be determined from the waveform of FIG. 6 that the human body has entered from the area 3-2 and the human body has advanced from the area 2-2 by using the determination method of FIG. Since there may be a pyroelectric sensor unit that does not react, it is desirable to provide a predetermined threshold value and specify the order of peak values exceeding the threshold value.

また、同時判定を考慮する場合、焦電センサ部２１ｃと焦電センサ部２１ｂがほぼ同時にピーク値を取り、その後、焦電センサ部２１ｄと焦電センサ部２１ａがほぼ同時にピーク値を取る。よって、図５に示す１６のエリアのうち、エリア３−１から人体が進出していることを判定することができる。したがって、図６の波形から、図５の判定方法を用いて、エリア４−１から人体が進入し、エリア３−１から人体が進出していることを判定することができる。   When considering simultaneous determination, the pyroelectric sensor unit 21c and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21b take peak values almost simultaneously, and then the pyroelectric sensor unit 21d and the pyroelectric sensor unit 21a take peak values almost simultaneously. Therefore, it can be determined that the human body has advanced from area 3-1 among the 16 areas shown in FIG. Therefore, it can be determined from the waveform of FIG. 6 that the human body has entered from the area 4-1 and has advanced from the area 3-1 using the determination method of FIG. 5.

本発明の実施の形態によれば、以下の作用効果が得られる。   According to the embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

本発明の実施の形態によれば、演算部は、２以上の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する順番のみを確認することで、簡単且つ高精度に６４通りの人体の移動方向を判定することができる。よって、高度な演算処理能力を必要としないため、低コストな移動方向判定装置を実現することができる。また、高度な演算処理を行うことなく判定結果が得られるので、装置のリアルタイム性が向上する。   According to the embodiment of the present invention, the calculation unit confirms only the order in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d detect the electromagnetic waves, so that the movement direction of the 64 human bodies can be easily and highly accurately determined. Can be determined. Therefore, since a high calculation processing capability is not required, a low-cost moving direction determination device can be realized. In addition, since the determination result can be obtained without performing advanced arithmetic processing, the real-time property of the apparatus is improved.

また、演算部は、２以上の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出し始める順番から、互いに重なり合う各人体検出領域の一部分（重複領域ＷＧ）に対して人体が進入する方向を判定し、２以上の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出し終わる順番から、重複領域ＷＧに対して人体が進出する方向を判定する。これにより、進入と進出でそれぞれ移動方向を判定できるので、全体の判定移動方向の組合わせの数が増え、判定精度が更に向上する。   In addition, the calculation unit determines a direction in which the human body enters a part of each human body detection region (overlap region WG) overlapping each other from the order in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d start detecting electromagnetic waves, From the order in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units 21a to 21d finish detecting the electromagnetic waves, the direction in which the human body advances with respect to the overlapping region WG is determined. Thereby, since the moving direction can be determined for each of approach and advance, the number of combinations of the entire determined moving directions is increased, and the determination accuracy is further improved.

また、図５に示したように、演算部は、２以上の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄが電磁波を検出する時間差が所定値未満である場合、２以上の焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄはほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定してもよい。同時の判定を加えることにより、移動方向が細分化されるので、判定精度が更に向上する。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when the time difference in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units 21 a to 21 d detect electromagnetic waves is less than a predetermined value, the two or more pyroelectric sensor units 21 a to 21 d are almost the same. It may be determined that electromagnetic waves are detected at the same time. By adding simultaneous determination, the moving direction is subdivided, so that the determination accuracy is further improved.

上記のように、本発明は、１つの実施形態によって記載したが、この開示の一部をなす論述及び図面はこの発明を限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替実施の形態、実施例及び運用技術が明らかとなろう。   As described above, the present invention has been described by way of one embodiment, but it should not be understood that the discussion and drawings that form part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

例えば、防犯や徘徊老人などの人を追跡する人体追跡装置や、人の移動先を予測して移動先にある機器の先回り制御を行う装置として利用することができる。例えば、エレベータの呼び出し、進行方向の照明制御、進行方向の情報提示などが挙げられる。   For example, it can be used as a human body tracking device that tracks a person such as a crime prevention person or an elderly person, or a device that predicts a movement destination of a person and performs advanced control of a device at the movement destination. For example, calling of an elevator, lighting control in the traveling direction, information presentation in the traveling direction, and the like can be given.

また、本発明の実施の形態では、２以上の焦電センサ部の一例として、４つの焦電センサ部２１ａ〜２１ｄについて説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。移動方向判定装置が備える焦電センサ部の数としては、２、３、或いは５以上であっても構わない。   Moreover, although the four pyroelectric sensor parts 21a-21d were demonstrated as an example of two or more pyroelectric sensor parts in embodiment of this invention, this invention is not limited to this. The number of pyroelectric sensor units included in the moving direction determination device may be 2, 3, or 5 or more.

１５ 視野角制限カバー
２１ａ〜２１ｄ 焦電センサ部
ＤＳａ〜ＤＳｄ 人体検出領域 15 Viewing angle limit cover 21a-21d Pyroelectric sensor part DSa-DSd Human body detection area

Claims (3)

人体から放出される電磁波を検出する人体検出領域をそれぞれ形成する２以上の焦電センサ部と、
前記２以上の焦電センサ部により検出された電磁波に基づいて、前記人体の移動方向を判定する移動方向判定部と、を備え、
各人体検出領域の一部分は互いに重なり合い、各人体検出領域の外周は異なる位置に配置され、前記移動方向判定部は、前記２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出する順番を判定し、当該順番から前記人体の移動方向を判定する
ことを特徴とする移動方向判定装置。 Two or more pyroelectric sensor units each forming a human body detection region for detecting electromagnetic waves emitted from the human body;
A moving direction determination unit that determines a moving direction of the human body based on electromagnetic waves detected by the two or more pyroelectric sensor units,
A part of each human body detection region overlaps each other, and the outer periphery of each human body detection region is arranged at a different position, and the moving direction determination unit determines the order in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units detect electromagnetic waves, The moving direction determining device is characterized in that the moving direction of the human body is determined. 前記移動方向判定部は、前記２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出し始める順番から、前記互いに重なり合う各人体検出領域の一部分に対して前記人体が進入する方向を判定し、前記２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出し終わる順番から、前記互いに重なり合う各人体検出領域の一部分に対して前記人体が進出する方向を判定することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の移動方向判定装置。   The moving direction determination unit determines a direction in which the human body enters a part of each of the human body detection regions that overlap each other from the order in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units start detecting electromagnetic waves, and the two or more pyroelectric sensor units The moving direction determination device according to claim 1, wherein a direction in which the human body advances is determined with respect to a part of each of the human body detection regions that overlap each other from the order in which the pyroelectric sensor unit finishes detecting the electromagnetic waves. 前記移動方向判定部は、２以上の焦電センサ部が電磁波を検出する時間差が所定値未満である場合、前記２以上の焦電センサ部はほぼ同時に電磁波を検出したと判定することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の移動方向判定装置。   The moving direction determination unit determines that the two or more pyroelectric sensor units detect electromagnetic waves almost simultaneously when a time difference in which the two or more pyroelectric sensor units detect electromagnetic waves is less than a predetermined value. The moving direction determination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.
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JP2014089164A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-15 Asahi Kasei Electronics Co Ltd Infrared detector, and display unit and personal computer having the same
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