JP2012012861A - Wood siding wall and earthquake-resistant repairing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the earthquake resistance of buildings or the like by increasing the strength of wood siding walls.SOLUTION: The wood siding wall includes a plurality of plate materials. In the plurality of plate materials, the mutually adjacent plate materials are abutted at the small ends while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate materials in either the perpendicular direction or the horizontal direction. Consequently, the plurality of plate materials are aligned and arranged in such a manner that a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is set as an alignment direction. In the small ends, a plurality of dowels are provided so as to control the longitudinal relative movement of the mutually adjacent plate materials in the alignment direction. In each small end, the length in the longitudinal direction of at least one dowel is longer than the length in the alignment direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plate wall, and particularly to a plate wall that can be effectively applied to a wooden building, and an earthquake-proof repair method.

  As shown in the front view of FIG. 7, the traditional wooden building in a shrine or the like has a plate wall 111 fitted in the four circumferential grooves 1 t and 3 t provided in the columns 1 and 1 and the beams 3 and 3. . And this board wall 111 is comprised combining several strip | belt-shaped board | plate materials 115,115 ... without using an expensive large-sized board | plate material from viewpoints, such as cost reduction. Specifically, these plate members 115, 115... Are aligned in the vertical direction by contacting adjacent plate members 115, 115 at the small ends 115k, 115k while aligning the longitudinal direction thereof in the horizontal direction. Aligned with the vertical direction as the alignment direction. Further, dowels 121, 121,... Are provided at the small end 115k, which is the upper end surface 115u and the lower end surface 115d of each plate member 115, whereby the longitudinal direction of the plate members 115 adjacent to each other in the alignment direction (horizontal in the illustrated example). Direction) relative movement is regulated (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-248640 A

  Such a plate wall 111 functions as a seismic wall during an earthquake. Therefore, in order to increase the earthquake resistance of the building, it is effective to increase the number of walls. That is, as an example of the earthquake-resistant repair method, it is possible to increase the plate wall 111 in the room of the wooden building. However, in a traditional wooden building, a frame with few partitions is desired from the viewpoint of openness and the like, and it becomes difficult to meet this demand as the number of walls increases.

On the other hand, the seismic resistance can also be improved by increasing the proof stress per sheet wall. And according to this, the earthquake resistance of a building can be improved, without increasing the number of walls.
Accordingly, when the applicant of the present invention diligently examined the proof strength of the plate wall 111, as described above, a plurality of plate materials 115, 115... Are aligned and arranged with the longitudinal direction being the alignment direction while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate material 115 in the horizontal direction. When the horizontal external force is applied to the plate wall 111, the dowel 121 is compressed in the direction orthogonal to the fiber, so that the deformation due to the bearing pressure and shear affects (relates) the rigidity of the plate wall 111, and It has been found that the rotational behavior of the dowel 121 (see, for example, FIG. 3A) also affects (relates) the proof stress of the plate wall 111. In order to suppress the deformation and rotation behavior of the dowel, it is more effective to use the horizontally long dowel 21 (see, for example, FIG. 1A) than the vertically long dowel 121 as shown in FIG. I found out that
In other words, the use of the dowel 21 that is longer in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate material 115 than the alignment direction of the plate material 115 significantly increases the horizontal strength of the plate wall 111 in combination with the improvement of the shear strength of the dowel itself. I found out that

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above conventional problems, The objective is to improve earthquake resistance, such as a building, by improving the yield strength of a plate wall.

In order to achieve this object, the invention shown in claim 1
A plate wall having a plurality of plate members,
The plurality of plate members are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction by contacting the plate members adjacent to each other at a small end while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate member in one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Aligned as the alignment direction,
The small end is provided with a plurality of dowels for restricting the relative movement in the longitudinal direction between the plate members adjacent in the alignment direction,
The length in the longitudinal direction of at least one dowel for each small end is greater than or equal to the length in the alignment direction.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one dowel for each small end is formed such that the length in the longitudinal direction is not less than the length in the alignment direction. Therefore, the shear strength of the dowel can be improved, the rotational behavior of the dowel can be suppressed, and the horizontal strength of the plate wall can be increased.

Invention of Claim 2 is a board wall of Claim 1, Comprising:
The plate wall is disposed in a space partitioned inward by a pair of vertical members and a pair of horizontal members,
Tenons are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material,
When a plurality of the plate members are arranged in alignment while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate member in the horizontal direction, tenons at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate member are formed on the pair of vertical members corresponding to these tenons. The plate member is fixed to the pair of vertical members by fitting into the mortise hole,
When a plurality of the plate materials are aligned and arranged while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate material in the vertical direction, tenons at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material are formed in the pair of horizontal members corresponding to these tenons. The plate member is fixed to the pair of horizontal members by fitting into the mortise.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the tenons provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material are fitted into the corresponding mortise of the vertical material or the mortise of the horizontal material, whereby the plate material is the vertical material. Or it is firmly fixed to the horizontal member. Therefore, the integrity of the vertical or horizontal material and the plate wall can be increased, and a so-called diagonal bundle formed on the plate wall forms a frame that does not break at an early stage. It becomes configurable.

Invention of Claim 3 is a board wall of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising:
With respect to all the dowels included in the plate wall, the length in the longitudinal direction is not less than the length in the alignment direction.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the shear strength can be improved over all the dowels, and as a result, the horizontal strength of the plate wall can be more reliably increased.

Invention of Claim 4 is a board wall in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, Comprising:
The dowel is wood,
The fiber direction of the wood is along the longitudinal direction.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the longitudinal compressive strength and compressive rigidity of the dowel can be increased. As a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of compressive deformation such as crushing or squeezing of the dowel when the external force in the longitudinal direction acts on the dowel. As a result, the relative movement between adjacent plate members is reliably restricted, and the proof stress of the plate wall is increased. be able to.

Invention of Claim 5 is a board wall of Claim 4, Comprising: The said board | plate material is wood,
The fiber direction of the wood is along the longitudinal direction,
The dowel is harder than the plate material.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the compressive strength and compressive rigidity in the longitudinal direction of the dowel hole recessed in the plate material can be increased. As a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of compressive deformation such as crushing or sinking of the dowel hole when the external force in the longitudinal direction acts on the dowel hole. As a result, the relative movement between adjacent plate materials can be reliably restricted, and the proof stress of the plate wall can be increased.
In addition, since both the dowel and the plate material are compressed in the fiber direction and the force is transmitted, the initial rigidity is increased.

Invention of Claim 6 is a board wall in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5, Comprising:
Both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the dowel are formed on vertical surfaces orthogonal to the longitudinal direction,
Both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the dowel holes provided in the small ends and into which the dowels are fitted are formed in vertical surfaces orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the external force in the longitudinal direction can be reliably received by the contact between the end surface of the dowel and the end surface of the dowel hole, the external force in the longitudinal direction acts on the dowel and the dowel hole. It is possible to reduce the amount of compressive deformation such as the dowels and dowel holes being crushed or recessed. As a result, the relative movement between adjacent plate materials can be restricted, and the proof stress of the plate wall can be increased.

The invention shown in claim 7 is an earthquake-resistant repair method for a plate wall having a plurality of plate materials,
The plurality of plate members are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction by contacting the plate members adjacent to each other at a small end while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate member in one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. A plurality of dowels are provided that regulate the relative movement in the longitudinal direction between the plate members adjacent to each other in the alignment direction, and are arranged in an alignment direction.
At least one dowel for each small end is changed to a dowel whose length in the longitudinal direction is longer than the length in the alignment direction.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, at least one dowel for each small end is changed to a dowel whose length in the longitudinal direction is greater than or equal to the length in the alignment direction. Therefore, the rotational behavior of the dowel can be suppressed and the horizontal strength of the plate wall can be increased.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the earthquake resistance of a building etc. can be improved by improving the yield strength of a board wall.

1A is a view showing a plate wall 11 according to the present embodiment in a front view and a central longitudinal cross-sectional view, FIG. 1B is a BB cross-sectional view in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view in FIG. It is -C sectional drawing. 2A is an enlarged front view of a central portion of the plate wall 11, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2A. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating the behavior of the horizontally long dowel 21 when the horizontal external force is applied to the plate wall 11, and FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram illustrating the behavior of the horizontally long dowel 21. FIG. 4A and 4B are schematic views of the test pieces 11s1 and 11s2 and the test apparatus used in the experiment. 5A and 5B are graphs of load-displacement of the example and the comparative example. It is a front view of the plate wall 11 of other embodiment. It is a front view of the board wall 111 of the past (comparative example). It is a front view of the board wall 111 which shows a diagonal compression phenomenon.

=== This Embodiment ===
1A to 1C are explanatory views of the plate wall 11 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1A, the left half of the plate wall 11 is shown in front view, and the right half of the plate wall 11 is shown in center longitudinal sectional view. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1A.

In the following, the three directions orthogonal to each other are defined as a wall height direction, a wall width direction, and a wall thickness direction of the plate wall 11. Here, the wall height direction is the vertical direction, which is the vertical direction, and the wall width direction and the wall thickness direction are respectively horizontal. The wall width direction is also referred to as the left-right direction, and the wall thickness direction is also referred to as the front-rear direction.
Further, in FIGS. 1A to 1C, for the purpose of preventing the complication of the drawings, the cross-sectional portion that should be originally shown by hatching is also shown without hatching.

  The building of this embodiment is a wooden building, and the wooden frame has a pair of left and right columns 1 and 1 (corresponding to a vertical member) and a pair of upper and lower beams 3 and 3 (corresponding to a horizontal member). ing. The lower beam 3 may be a ground cover. Moreover, although the pillar 1 and the beam 3 are cocoons, for example, wood other than this may be sufficient. The column 1 and the beam 3 are connected and fixed in a mutually non-movable manner by an appropriate fitting structure such as a mortise and a mortise at the end portions 1e and 3e and a plug 4 so that the rectangular frame A rectangular space when viewed from the front is sectioned inside the wooden frame.

  A plate wall 11 is provided in the rectangular space. The plate wall 11 has a plurality of substantially rectangular plate members 15, 15. Each plate 15 is in contact with the plate 15 adjacent to the upper and lower sides at a small end (kob) 15k, with the longitudinal direction thereof being directed to the left and right horizontal directions and the width direction being directed to the vertical direction. The plate members 15, 15,. In addition, dowels 21 are respectively provided on the upper end surface 15u and the lower end surface 15d, which are the small ends 15k of the respective plate members 15, and the plate members 15 and 15 adjacent in the vertical direction are sequentially connected integrally with each other via the dowels 21. Thus, all the plate members 15, 15... Are integrated, thereby functioning as a single earthquake-resistant plate wall 11 as a whole.

  The plate wall 11 is fixed to the columns 1 and 1 by, for example, a fitting structure such as a tenon 15h and a tenon 1h. That is, a tenon 15h is integrally formed at each of the end portions 15e and 15e in the left and right direction, which is the longitudinal direction of each plate member 15, and correspondingly, on the bottom surface of the groove-like large case 1t of the column 1 A mortise 1h is formed. Then, in a state where the left and right end portions 15e, 15e of the plate member 15 are in the large insertion 1t of the column 1, the tenon 15h of each end portion 15e, 15e is fitted into the tenon 1h on the bottom surface of the large insertion 1t. Thus, the pillar 1 and the plate wall 11 are connected to each other in a state in which a vertical shearing force can be transmitted.

  Similarly, the plate wall 11 is fixed to the beams 3 and 3 by a fitting structure such as a tenon 15h1 and a tenon 3h. That is, a tenon 15h1 is integrally formed on the upper end surface of the upper end plate member 15 and the lower end surface of the lower end plate member 15, respectively. , 3t are respectively formed with mortises 3h. Then, in a state where the upper end surface of the upper plate member 15 is in the large insertion 3t of the upper beam 3, the tenon 15h1 of the upper end surface fits into the mortise 3h on the bottom surface of the large insertion 3t, and the lower end surface of the lower plate member 15 However, the tenon 15h1 on the bottom surface of the lower beam 3 is fitted in the mortise 3h on the bottom surface of the large beam 3t in the state where the lower beam 3 is in the large case 3t. The plate wall 11 is connected to a state in which a horizontal force can be transmitted. The horizontal shear force between the upper beam 3 and the lower beam 3 and the plate wall 11 may be transmitted by the dowel 21.

  In the illustrated example, except for the plate member 15 at the upper end and the plate member 15 at the lower end, the planar shapes of the plate members 15, 15... Positioned between them are all the same rectangular shape. In other words, the width of the plate 15 (the length in the vertical direction in the example of FIG. 1A) and the plate thickness (the length in the front-rear direction in the example of FIG. 1B) may be different for each plate.

2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the dowel 21. 2A shows an enlarged front view of the central portion of the plate wall 11, and FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2A.
The dowels 21 that integrally connect the plate members 15 and 15 are embedded in the small end 15k of the plate member 15 as described above. That is, dowel holes 16 and 16 are respectively provided in the small ends 15k and 15k of the plate materials 15 and 15 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and the dowel holes 16 and the lower plate plate 15 on the upper plate material 15 facing each other. The dowels 21 are fitted over the dowel holes 16 of the plate member 15 on the side, so that the upper plate member 15 and the lower plate member 15 are connected to the left and right in the horizontal direction as the longitudinal direction thereof. It is integrated in a state where relative movement is restricted. Then, by repeating the integration of the plate members 15 and 15 in the vertical direction, as described above with reference to FIG. 1A, all the plate members 15, 15. None, receiving horizontal external force such as seismic force input from the pillar 1 or the beam 3 to improve the earthquake resistance of the wooden building.

  The dowel 21 is, for example, a solid cuboid member. Wood is used as the material, and wood harder than the plate material 15 is used. Here, “hard” means that the amount of compressive deformation is small (that is, hard to be crushed) when a compressive load is applied. In this example, the plate material 15 is a straw material, so that it is a harder wood than this. White birch and zelkova are used.

  Further, each inner method of the dowel hole 16 is designed to be the same size or slightly smaller than each outer method of the dowel 21, so that when the dowel 21 is fitted in the dowel hole 16, A gap is not formed between the dowel hole 16 and the dowel hole 16. However, when the plate members 15 and 15 are connected to each other via the dowel 21, the depth of the dowel hole 16 is set so that these plate members 15 and 15 come into contact with each other over substantially the entire surface of the small ends 15 k and 15 k. The length D is set to a value approximately half of the outer method L1 in the vertical direction of the dowel 21 and the small end 15k of each plate 15 is formed on a flat surface.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the dowel 21 is directed to the longitudinal direction of the plate 15. That is, when the dowel 21 is fitted in the dowel hole 16, the length L2 in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 (the left-right direction in the example of FIG. 2A) is the alignment direction of the plate material 15 (example of FIG. 2A). Is formed in a horizontally long shape longer than the length L1 in the vertical direction). Thereby, the horizontal proof stress of board wall 11 itself is raised, and it becomes possible to improve the earthquake resistance of a building.

The reason why the horizontal proof stress is improved in this way is presumed as follows.
When the dowel 121 has a vertically long shape as in the comparative example of FIG. 3A, that is, when the longitudinal direction of the dowel 121 is oriented in the vertical direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate 15, the shear of the dowel 121 itself In addition to the low proof stress, the dowel 121 is deformed by receiving a bearing pressure perpendicular to the fiber direction at the surface where the dowel 121 and the surrounding plate 15 contact, and the upper and lower surfaces of the dowel 121 are in contact with each other. When the plate material is compressed and deformed due to the bearing pressure, the dowel 121 is likely to be rotationally deformed.

  On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment of FIG. 3B, the dowel 21 is elongated in the left-right direction, which is the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15. Since the longitudinal direction of the dowel 21 is the fiber direction, the force is transmitted by being compressed along the fiber direction, so deformation on the dowel 21 side is reduced. Further, since the surfaces 21a and 21b are widely secured in the left and right direction, the rotational moment acting on the dowel 21 when the plate members 15 and 15 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction move in the horizontal direction is reduced. This effectively reduces the rotation of the dowel 21 as indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3B. Further, since the dowel 21 is long in the left-right direction, the area for bearing the shearing force is large, and it is considered that the in-plane shear rigidity and the proof stress of the plate wall 11 are improved. Further, the fact that the in-plane shear rigidity and the proof stress as the plate wall 11 are improved is a fact that has also been confirmed by experiments described later.

  With respect to the horizontally long shape of the dowel 21, in the example of FIG. 2A, the length L 2 of the dowel in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 (left and right direction in FIG. 2A) and the alignment direction of the plate material 15 (in FIG. 2A) The ratio with the length L1 of the dowels 21 in the vertical direction is 3: 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, basically, the length L2 of the dowel 21 in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate 15 (left and right in FIG. 2A) is the length L2 of the dowel 21 in the alignment direction of the plate 15 (up and down in FIG. 2A). If it is set to L1 or more, the horizontal proof stress of the board wall 11 can be improved rather than the above-mentioned comparative example. However, in practice, the above ratio is preferably set in the range of 2: 1 to 4: 1.

  Further, in the example of FIG. 2A, since the rectangular dowel 21 is used, the left and right fore edges (corresponding to “both end faces” according to the claims) are vertical surfaces orthogonal to the left-right direction, Further, the left and right end faces of the dowel hole 16 facing both small holes are also vertical faces orthogonal to the left-right direction. Accordingly, the horizontal external force can be substantially uniformly received by the surface contact between the small edge of the dowel 21 and the end face of the dowel hole 16, and the dowel 21 and the dowel hole 16 when the horizontal external force acts on the dowel 21 and the dowel hole 16. The amount of compressive deformation such as crushing or sinking can be reduced, and as a result, the relative movement between the adjacent plate members 15 and 15 is effectively restricted, which also contributes to the improvement of the horizontal strength of the plate wall 11.

  Here, the fiber direction of the dowel 21 made of wood is preferably along the left-right direction that is the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15, and more preferably, the fiber direction of the plate material 15 is the left-right direction that is the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15. It is good to be along.

  And if it does in this way, the compressive strength and compression rigidity of the dowel 21 and the board | plate material 15 can be improved regarding the left-right direction which is the longitudinal direction of the board | plate material 15. FIG. As a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of compressive deformation such as the dowel 21 and the dowel hole 16 of the plate member 15 being crushed or sunk when a horizontal external force is applied to the plate wall 11, and as a result, the plate members 15, 15 adjacent to each other vertically Relative movement can be reliably controlled.

  In the example of FIG. 1A, such dowels 21, 21... Are discretely arranged in a substantially lattice pattern on the wall surface of the plate wall 11. That is, the dowels 21, 21... Are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the beam-to-beam direction (longitudinal direction (left-right direction) of the beam 3), and the dowels 21, 21 adjacent in the vertical direction are aligned with each other in the beam-to-beam direction. However, the arrangement pattern is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a staggered arrangement.

Since the horizontal proof stress improvement effect of the plate wall 11 by the horizontally long dowels 21 described above has been confirmed by experiments, the results thereof will be described below.
4A and 4B are schematic views of the test pieces 11s1 and 11s2 and the test apparatus used in the experiment. FIG. 4A shows the case of a horizontally long dowel 21 as an example, and FIG. 4B shows the case of a vertically long dowel 121 as a comparative example.

  The test piece 11s1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A is substantially equivalent to the two-dot chain line portion of the plate wall 11 of FIG. 2A. Moreover, the test piece 11s2 of the comparative example shown in FIG. 4B is also the same size as the above-mentioned example as an external dimension. That is, each of the test pieces 11s1, 11s2 has three plate members 15, 15, 15 arranged in the alignment direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the plate member 15, and on both sides of the central plate member 15 in the alignment direction, respectively. A single plate member 15, 15 is attached via a dowel 21 (121).

  However, in the test piece 11s1 of the embodiment of FIG. 4A, the horizontally long dowels 21 are respectively provided at the small ends 15k and 15k of the central plate member 15, whereas in the comparative example of FIG. 4B. Each of the small ends 15k, 15k is provided with two vertically long dowels 121. Further, the size of the dowel 21 of the embodiment is 24 × 180 × 60 mm, whereas the size of the dowel 121 of the comparative example is 24 × 24 × 60 mm. Here, 60 mm is the length L1 of the dowels 21 and 121 in the alignment direction of the plate members 15. In both the example and the comparative example, the depth D of the dowel holes 16 and 161 is set to 30 mm. Therefore, even in the dowels 21 and 121, the length L1 in the alignment direction is set to 60 mm. The length L2 of the dowels 16 and 161 in the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 is 180 mm in the embodiment, and 24 mm in the comparative example. Accordingly, the dowel 21 in the embodiment is replaced with the dowel 121 in the comparative example. It is formed in a horizontally long shape. The remaining 24 mm is the length of the dowels 16 and 161 in the wall thickness direction of the plate wall 11 (the direction penetrating the paper surface of FIGS. 4A and 4B) and is the same size as each other.

  On the other hand, the test apparatus has fixed heads 91 and 91 and a movable head 93. The plate members 15 and 15 on both sides of the test piece 11s1 (11s2) are fixed to the fixed heads 91 and 91, and the movable head 93 is fixed to the movable head 93 with the central plate member 15 fixed thereto. By sliding the plate 15 along the longitudinal direction at a speed of, for example, 2 mm / min, the load in the longitudinal direction is applied to the central plate 15, and the movable head 93 measures the load value at that time with a load cell. Measure the slide amount. Then, the measured load value and slide amount are plotted on the same graph as the load value and displacement amount of the load-displacement graph, respectively. In addition, the maximum value of the slide amount was 40 mm, that is, after unloading after sliding to 40 mm.

  5A and 5B show experimental results of Examples and Comparative Examples, respectively. Here, the above-described experiment was performed three times for the example and twice for the comparative example. Therefore, three graphs are shown in FIG. 5A and two graphs are shown in FIG. 5B. Has been.

  Further, in the same experiment, a corrugated material is used for the plate material 15 of the plate wall 11, while a white coral is used for the dowel 21 of the example, and a coral is used for the dowel 121 of the comparative example. Is used. Here, both white birch and cocoons are wood that is sufficiently harder than cocoons. Therefore, when the damage state of the dowel 21 (121) and the dowel hole 16 (116) was observed after the experiment, the dowel hole 16 (116) was largely damaged, such as being recessed or sunk exclusively. That is, the damage on the dowel 21 (121) remained almost as shallow as the surface, and there was no conspicuous trauma such as a large dent.

Hereinafter, experimental results will be described with reference to the graphs of FIGS. 5A and 5B.
First, the proof stress of each test piece 11s1, 11s2 was evaluated by the first load peak value in the graph. 5A, the average value of the peak values of the three graphs is 58.4 kN, and in the comparative example of FIG. 5B, the average value of the peak values of the two graphs is 35.kN. 3 kN. From this, it can be seen that the test piece 11s1 of the example shows higher proof stress than the test piece 11s2 of the comparative example, even though the number of dowels is half that of the comparative example.

  Further, when the yield strength per dowel is calculated, in the comparative example, since the number of dowels is 4, the above yield strength 35.3 kN is divided by the dowel number 4 to obtain 8.8 kN, In the example, since the dowel number is 2, the yield strength of 58.4 kN was divided by 2 to obtain 29.2 kN. Therefore, it was found that the horizontally long dowel structure of the example had a yield strength approximately three times that of the vertically long dowel structure of the comparative example. Moreover, although initial rigidity is also improving, it is guessed that it is related that the transmission of the force of the dowel 21 and the board | plate material 15 is made by compression of fiber directions.

  Furthermore, according to the observation result of the damage state of each test piece 11s1, 11s2 after the experiment, the dowel 121 is greatly rotated in the test piece 11s2 of the comparative example, whereas in the test piece 11s1 of the example, It was confirmed that the rotation of the dowel 21 was greatly suppressed. From this, it was found that the rotational behavior of the dowels 21 and 121 is greatly related to the proof stress of the test pieces 11s1 and 11s2 simulating the plate wall 11.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. 1A, an earthquake-resistant repair method using the plate wall 11 of the present embodiment will be described by taking an example of an existing wooden building as an example. This seismic retrofitting is done together when dismantling and repairing existing wooden buildings.

  First, when dismantling the existing column 1 and beam 3 shown in FIG. 7 from the building, the existing plate wall 111 is removed from the column 1 and beam 3. That is, the existing plate materials 115, 115... And dowels 121, 121.

  Next, the plate members 15, 15... And dowels 21, 21. Then, the plate members 15 and 15 are sequentially connected by the dowel 21 and assembled to the plate wall 11. Thereby, it changes from the vertically long dowel 121 to the horizontally long dowel 21 and, therefore, its earthquake resistance is improved. Further, the dowel 21 of the plate wall 11 is also changed to a dowel with a longer length in the left-right direction, which is the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15, than the dowel 121 used for the existing plate wall 111. Earthquake resistance is improved.

  Then, before re-assembling the existing pillar 1 and beam 3 after repair, a plurality of mortises 1h, 1h,..., 3h, 3h ... is formed (FIG. 1A). When the columns 1 and the beams 3 are assembled, the tenons 15h, 15h, 15h1, 15h1,... Of the plate wall 11 are fitted into the mortises 1h, 1h,. The plate wall 11 is attached to the column 1 and the beam 3, and the seismic retrofitting work for the plate wall 11 is completed.

By the way, in the above description, only the existing plate wall 111 was replaced with the new plate wall 11 and the existing pillar 1 and beam 3 were used as they were. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an existing wooden building Alternatively, the column 1 and the beam 3 may be newly installed, and the plate wall 11 according to this embodiment may be attached to the added column 1 and beam 3.
Furthermore, it goes without saying that the plate wall 11 of the present embodiment can be applied not to an existing wooden building but to a newly built wooden building.

=== Other Embodiments ===
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, The deformation | transformation as shown below is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  In the above-described embodiment, the dowel 21 is illustrated as a rectangular parallelepiped, but the dowel 21 is not limited to this. For example, a cylindrical body having a circular or elliptical cross section, a triangular prism having a triangular cross section, or a polygonal cylinder having a pentagon or more in cross section may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the column 1 and the beam 3 of the building frame, the plate material 15 and the dowel 21 relating to the plate wall 11 are made of wood, but the material is not limited to wood. For example, it may be made of concrete, resin, metal or the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 of the plate wall 11 is aligned in the horizontal direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in the front view of FIG. 6, the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 may be aligned in the vertical direction (vertical direction). In this case, since the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 is directed in the vertical direction, the longitudinal direction of the dowel 21 is also disposed in the vertical direction. That is, when the dowel 21 is fitted in the dowel hole 16, the length in the vertical direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 is set to be longer than the length in the left-right direction parallel to the alignment direction of the plate material 15. become. And also in this structure, the horizontal proof stress of the board wall 11 can be raised by the same reason as the above-mentioned, and it becomes possible to improve the earthquake resistance of a building. That is, when the horizontal external force F0 acts on the plate wall 11, as shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal external force F0 is converted into the vertical shearing force F1 via the internal force of the plate wall 11, so that the shearing force F1 The plate members 15 and 15 move relative to each other in the vertical direction. At this time, since the dowels 21 restrict the relative movement in the vertical direction, the dowels 21 have the same strength improvement effect as in the above-described embodiment. Can play.

In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, all the dowels 21, 21... Have the same shape, and the longitudinal directions of all the dowels 21, 21. However, it is not limited to this. For example, if the longitudinal direction of at least one dowel 21 is arranged in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate member 15 for each small end 15k, the corresponding strength improvement effect can be obtained. That is, with respect to all the small ends 15k, 15k,... Aligned in the alignment direction, if the longitudinal direction of at least one dowel 21 is arranged in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plate member 15 for each small end 15k, It belongs to the scope of the present invention.
However, as shown in FIG. 1A, for all the dowels 21, 21..., The length of the dowels 21 in the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 is longer than the length of the dowels 21 in the alignment direction of the plate materials 15. Needless to say, it is possible to increase the yield strength of the plate wall 11 more reliably.

  In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 2B, the length of the dowel 21 in the thickness direction of the plate material 15 (that is, the wall thickness direction (thickness direction of the plate wall 11)) is smaller than the thickness of the plate material 15. As a result, the dowels 21 are completely embedded in the plate 15, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the length of the dowel 21 in the thickness direction of the plate material 15 may be the same as or greater than the thickness of the plate material 15. However, in that case, a part of the dowel 21 (a surface parallel to the plate surface of the plate member 15 (or the wall surface of the plate wall 11) in the dowel 21) is exposed to the outside from the plate surface of the plate member 15.

  In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the plate wall 11 having the tenon 15t integrally formed at both end portions 15e and 15e in the longitudinal direction is illustrated for each plate material 15. Has not been described, so its function and effect will be described here.

  In FIG. 7, the front view of the board wall 111 of a comparative example is shown. As in this comparative example, the plate members 115, 115... Generally associated with the plate wall 111 do not have tenons at both end portions 115e, 115e in the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, even in the pair of left and right columns 1 and 1, no mortise is formed, that is, only the large insertion 1t is formed in a groove shape along the top and bottom. Then, both end portions 115e, 115e in the longitudinal direction of the plate material 115 are inserted into the large case 1t and fixed to the pair of left and right columns 1,1. Similarly, the pair of upper and lower beams 3 and 3 are not formed with a mortise hole, and only the large insertion 3t is formed in a groove shape along the left and right. The upper end surface 115m of the lower end and the lower end surface 115n of the lower end plate member 115 do not have tenons, so that the upper end surface 115m of the upper end plate member 115 and the lower end surface 115n of the lower end plate member 115 become the large inserts 3t and 3t, respectively. It is inserted and fixed to a pair of upper and lower beams 3 and 3.

  In such a configuration, when a horizontal external force F as shown in FIG. 8 is applied, the wooden frame composed of the pillar 1 and the beam 3 is relatively easily deformed into a parallelogram shape as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Resulting in. That is, since the entire plate wall 111 cannot transmit shearing force on all four sides within the shaft assembly that has received shearing force, it compresses to the corners at both ends of the diagonal when resisting by receiving compressive force in the diagonal direction. As a result of the concentration of force, lateral compression occurs in the fibers of the plate material 115 at both ends of the diagonal, resulting in crushing, and the diagonal length is shortened, so that the wooden frame is easily deformed into a parallelogram. . Then, due to the so-called diagonal compression phenomenon, the compression bundle generated on the diagonal line of the obtuse inner angles θ1, θ3 of the four inner angles θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4 of the wooden frame shown in FIG. The stress from the compression bundle acts near the intersection of the beam member 3 and the column member 1 due to the influence, and this part is easily damaged.

  On the other hand, in the plate wall 11 of the present embodiment in FIG. 1A, each plate member 15, 15... Has a tenon 15t at each end portion 15e, 15e in the left-right direction, which is the longitudinal direction thereof. Corresponding to the mortises 15t, 15t..., Mortise holes 1h, 1h. Further, a plurality of tenons 15h1, 15h1,... Are intermittently formed on the upper end surface of the upper end plate member 15 and the lower end surface of the lower end plate member 15, and the upper beam 3 and the lower beam are correspondingly formed. A plurality of mortises 3h, 3h,... Are intermittently formed on the bottom surface of each of the three large inserts 3t, 3t.

  Therefore, even when the horizontal external force F shown in FIG. 8 is applied, the stress in the vertical direction can be transmitted to the columns 1 and 1 at both ends 15e and 15e of the plate 15 by fitting the tenon 15t and the tenon 1t. Similarly, by fitting the tenon 15h1 and the mortise 3h, the horizontal stress transmission between the upper end surface of the upper end plate 15 and the upper beam 3, and the lower end surface of the lower end plate 15 and the lower beam 3 It is possible to transmit stress in the horizontal direction. As a result, the horizontal and vertical component forces of the compression bundle can be effectively transmitted to the beam member 3 and the column member 1, and the value of the horizontal external force F is larger than that of the frame form shown in FIG. Can be set. In addition, since the beam member 3 and the column member 1 are elements that resist deformation, deformation of a parallelogram can be suppressed. As a result, the in-plane shear rigidity and proof stress of the plate wall 11 are further improved.

  That is, since both end portions of each plate member 15 are inserted into the column 1, a vertical shearing force is transmitted, and the upper and lower plate members 15 are fitted to the beam 3 in the same manner as described above. Horizontal shear force is transmitted. Therefore, just like the conventional plate wall 111, if it is only in the grooves 1t and 3t, it will transmit force to the four-axis shaft with diagonal compression force like a brace. The corner plate 15 is crushed in the direction perpendicular to the fiber and the rigidity and proof strength are not improved. However, this problem can be solved and the rigidity and proof strength can be improved.

  Incidentally, in the above description, the effect of improving the yield strength has been described by taking as an example a case where a plurality of plate materials 15, 15... Are arranged in the vertical direction while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 in the horizontal direction (FIG. 1A). This is not a limitation. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, even when a plurality of plate materials 15, 15... Are arranged in the horizontal direction (left-right direction) while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate material 15 in the vertical direction (vertical direction), the tenon 15h1 Needless to say, the proof stress is improved by the engagement between the mortise and the mortise 1h and the mortise 15h and the mortise 3h.

1 pillar, 1e end, 1h mortise, 1t large insertion,
3 beams, 3e end, 3h mortise, 3t large insertion, 4 spigot,
11 plate wall, 11s1 test piece, 11s2 test piece,
15 plate material, 15k small end, 15e end, 15h tenon, 15h1 tenon,
15u upper end surface, 15d lower end surface,
16 Dowel holes,
21 dowels, 21a side,
91 fixed head, 93 movable head,
111 plate wall, 115k small end, 115u upper end surface, 115d lower end surface,
115m upper end surface, 115n lower end surface,
116 Dowel holes,
121 Dowels

Claims (7)

A plate wall having a plurality of plate members,
The plurality of plate members are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction by contacting the plate members adjacent to each other at a small end while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate member in one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Aligned as the alignment direction,
The small end is provided with a plurality of dowels for restricting the relative movement in the longitudinal direction between the plate members adjacent in the alignment direction,
The length of the longitudinal direction of at least one dowel for each small end is equal to or greater than the length in the alignment direction. The board wall according to claim 1,
The plate wall is disposed in a space partitioned inward by a pair of vertical members and a pair of horizontal members,
Tenons are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material,
When a plurality of the plate members are arranged in alignment while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate member in the horizontal direction, tenons at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate member are formed on the pair of vertical members corresponding to these tenons. The plate member is fixed to the pair of vertical members by fitting into the mortise hole,
When a plurality of the plate materials are aligned and arranged while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate material in the vertical direction, tenons at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material are formed in the pair of horizontal members corresponding to these tenons. A plate wall, wherein the plate material is fixed to the pair of horizontal members by fitting into the mortise. The plate wall according to claim 1 or 2,
The plate wall characterized in that the length in the longitudinal direction is equal to or greater than the length in the alignment direction for all the dowels included in the plate wall. A plate wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The dowel is wood,
A plate wall characterized in that the fiber direction of the wood is along the longitudinal direction. The plate wall according to claim 4, wherein the plate material is wood,
The fiber direction of the wood is along the longitudinal direction,
A board wall characterized in that the dowel is harder than the board. A plate wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the dowel are formed on vertical surfaces orthogonal to the longitudinal direction,
A plate wall characterized in that both longitudinal end surfaces of a dowel hole provided in the small end and into which the dowel fits are formed in a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A method of earthquake-proofing a plate wall having a plurality of plate materials,
The plurality of plate members are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction by contacting the plate members adjacent to each other at a small end while aligning the longitudinal direction of the plate member in one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. A plurality of dowels are provided that regulate the relative movement in the longitudinal direction between the plate members adjacent to each other in the alignment direction, and are arranged in an alignment direction.
A method for seismic retrofit of a plate wall, characterized in that at least one dowel per each small end is changed to a dowel whose length in the longitudinal direction is longer than the length in the alignment direction.