JP2012011927A - Vehicle water circulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle water circulation system which improves comfort at the start of air conditioning operation, and saves energy required for air conditioning to improve energy-saving performance.SOLUTION: The vehicle water circulation system 50 has: a refrigerant circuit 10; a water circuit composed of a pump 21, a refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, and a plurality of heat exchangers 22a, 22b and 22c; and a controller 30. The first heat exchanger 22a transmits heat to blowing air, and the second heat exchanger 22b and the third heat exchanger 22c transmit heat to persons through radiation and heat conduction, respectively. At the start of heating operation, if the temperature of water flowing from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is less than an approximate human body temperature, only a first flow control valve 23a is opened to circulate hot water without blowing air to the first heat exchanger 22a. The second heat exchanger 22b and the third heat exchanger 22c are not used.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle liquid circulation system used for cooling and heating a vehicle interior of an electric vehicle without an engine cooling water or a vehicle equipped with an air-cooled internal combustion engine.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an air conditioner for a vehicle that cannot heat a vehicle interior using exhaust heat from engine coolant such as an electric vehicle, there is one using a heat pump technology that pumps heat from air.

  This technology consists of a refrigeration cycle having a compressor, a refrigerant water heat exchanger, an evaporator, a pump that circulates hot water, a hot water heater that is installed in the duct and heats the air flowing in the duct by the inflowing hot water. The vehicle interior is heated by heat pump technology without using engine exhaust heat. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle air conditioner 100 as shown in FIG.

  The vehicle air conditioner 100 includes a refrigerant circuit 110 that circulates a refrigerant and a water circuit 120 that circulates hot water. In the refrigerant circuit 110, the compressor 101, the refrigerant water heat exchanger 102, the decompression means 103, and the evaporator 104 are annularly connected by piping, while the water circuit 120 includes the pump 111 and the refrigerant water heat exchanger 102. The hot water heater core 112 installed in the duct 115 is annularly connected by piping.

  The hot water heated by the heat of condensation of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigerant water heat exchanger 102 in the refrigerant circuit 110 is transported to the hot water heater core 112 in the duct 115 by the pump 111, and the hot water heater core 112 has the duct by the action of the blower 113. Heat is exchanged with air flowing through 115 to heat the air. The heated air is blown into the vehicle interior by the action of the blower 113, and the vehicle interior is heated.

  Thus, by using the heat pump technology of the air heat source, it is possible to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can heat the vehicle interior without using engine exhaust heat.

Japanese Patent No. 3477868

  However, the conventional configuration has the following problems from the viewpoint of comfort in the passenger compartment. In other words, the heating method according to the conventional configuration heats the air by exchanging heat between the hot water in the hot water heater core 112 and the air flowing in the duct 115, and blows the air into the vehicle interior to heat the vehicle interior space. This is a heating system that uses so-called forced convection.

  In forced convection heating using such a heat pump heat source, for example, at the start of heating operation under low outdoor temperature conditions in winter, the condensing pressure on the refrigerant circuit 110 side rises and flows into the hot water heater core 112 on the water circuit 120 side. If the temperature of the water is at least about 40 degrees Celsius and the air temperature is at least a few degrees higher than the temperature of the human body in the passenger compartment, the occupants will feel comfortable It does n’t come.

  That is, there is a problem that after the heating operation is started, it takes a long time for the occupants in the vehicle to feel comfortable, and the comfort at the time of starting the heating is low.

  Further, in the conventional configuration, since the entire space in the passenger compartment is heated, unnecessary energy is used when the number of seated persons is small, and there is a problem in terms of energy saving.

  Further, in the refrigerant circuit 110 having the above-described conventional configuration, the cooling operation can be performed by causing the refrigerant to flow in the opposite direction. In this case, as in the heating operation, the occupants in the passenger compartment are comfortable after the operation starts. It took a long time to feel that, and there was a problem that the comfort at the start of cooling was low.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a vehicle liquid circulation system that can improve the comfort at the start of air-conditioning operation and can reduce the energy required for air-conditioning, and can improve the so-called energy saving performance. With the goal.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a liquid circulation system for a vehicle according to the present invention includes, in a water circuit, a first heat exchange means connected in series with a refrigerant water heat exchanger, and a second in parallel with the first heat exchange means. A heat exchanging means is connected, and the first heat exchanging means transfers heat by the air generated by the blower means, and the second heat exchanging means is installed on the surface or inside of the components constituting the vehicle interior to conduct heat or radiate. Heat transfer.

  The vehicle liquid circulation system of the present invention can improve the comfort at the start of the cooling / heating operation, and can improve the so-called energy saving property that keeps the energy required for the cooling / heating low.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle liquid circulation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Flowchart of heating operation start control performed by the control device in Embodiment 1 Schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle liquid circulation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Flowchart of cooling operation start control performed by the control device in the second embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of a conventional refrigeration cycle apparatus

  A first invention includes a refrigerant circuit to which a compressor, a refrigerant water heat exchanger, an expansion unit, a refrigerant air heat exchanger are connected, a circulation unit for circulating water exchanged in the refrigerant water heat exchanger, and refrigerant water A first heat exchange means connected in series with the heat exchanger, a water circuit having a second heat exchange means connected in parallel with the first heat exchange means, and a control means, the first heat exchange means comprising: Heat is transferred by the air generated by the blowing means, and the second heat exchange means is installed on the surface or inside of the components constituting the vehicle interior and transfers heat by heat conduction or radiation. Accordingly, the first heat exchanging means using convective heat transfer and the second heat exchanging means using heat conduction or radiation are properly used depending on the driving time, the position of the occupant, the sensation of the occupant, etc. be able to.

  Furthermore, in the air conditioning operation by the first heat exchange means using convective heat transfer, it is necessary to set a large temperature difference from the human body temperature, whereas the second heat exchange using heat conduction or radiation is required. In the cooling / heating operation in the vehicle interior by means, the same comfort can be obtained even if the temperature difference from the human body temperature is set to be relatively small, and the energy consumption can be reduced.

  In particular, the second aspect of the invention provides the first heat exchanging means, the first heat exchanging means, the first heat exchanging means, the flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of water flowing through each of the first heat exchanging means and the second heat exchanging means in the first invention. 2 The water flow rate to the heat exchange means can be individually adjusted.

  As a result, the cooling / heating operation modes of the vehicle liquid circulation system, the operating conditions such as startup and stable, the cooling / heating loads in the first heat exchange means and the second heat exchange means, The water flow variable operation according to the difference in the number of seats, the difference in the comfort feeling of the passengers in the vehicle interior, and the like becomes possible.

  In the third aspect of the invention, in particular, in the heating operation according to the second aspect of the invention, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is lower than the first predetermined temperature that is near the human body temperature, the air is blown to the first heat exchange means. Since the blown air temperature is low, it is determined that the occupant feels cold air, and water is allowed to flow into the first heat exchange means without sending air to the first heat exchange means.

  At the same time, the second heat exchanging means that transfers heat by heat conduction or radiation flows into the second heat exchanging means to avoid taking heat from the occupant and giving a cold feeling to the second heat exchange means. The flow rate adjusting means of the heat exchange means prevents water from flowing to the second heat exchange means.

  As a result of the above, it is possible to prevent the cool air from blowing out from the first heat exchange means until the water temperature rises, and prevent the second heat exchange means from taking heat away from the occupants and giving a cold feeling until the water temperature rises. it can.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in particular, in the heating operation according to the second aspect of the present invention, the temperature of water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is a first predetermined temperature or higher and a temperature that is several degrees higher than the human body temperature. When the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, if the air is blown to the first heat exchanging means, the temperature of the blown air is low. Let water flow into

  At the same time, it is determined that warm water higher than the human body temperature flows into the second heat exchanging means that conducts heat by heat conduction or radiation, so that the occupant can be given warm heat. Water is caused to flow into the second heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means.

  As a result, while preventing cold air from blowing out from the first heat exchanging means until the water temperature rises, the thermal conductivity of the second heat exchanging means or the effect of radiant heat transfer improves the thermal sensation of the occupants. Can be made.

  In the fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the heating operation according to the second aspect of the invention, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a second predetermined temperature that is higher than the human body temperature by several degrees or more, When the air is blown to the heat exchange means, the temperature of the occupant is judged to be improved because the temperature of the blown air is high, and water flows into the first heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means of the first heat exchange means. And blows air to the first heat exchange means.

  At the same time, it is determined that warm water sufficiently higher than the human body temperature flows into the second heat exchanging means that conducts heat by heat conduction or radiation, so that it is possible to give heat to the occupants, and the second heat exchanging means Water is caused to flow into the second heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means.

  As a result, the temperature is relatively low due to the convection heat transfer action of the first heat exchange means and the overall heating operation by convection in the vehicle interior and the heat conduction or radiant heat transfer action of the second heat exchange means. While using warm water effectively, local heating operation can be used together, and the thermal sensation of the occupants can be improved.

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the cooling operation according to the second aspect of the invention, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a third predetermined temperature that is near the human body temperature, the air is sent to the first heat exchange means. Then, water is caused to flow into the first heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means of the first heat exchange means.

  At the same time, the second heat exchange means for transferring heat by heat conduction or radiation causes the second heat to avoid discomfort by transferring heat to the occupants by flowing water higher than the human body temperature. The flow rate adjusting means of the exchange means prevents water from flowing to the second heat exchange means.

  As a result of the above, it is possible to prevent the second heat exchange means from transmitting heat to the occupant and causing discomfort until the water temperature decreases.

  According to a seventh aspect of the invention, in particular, in the cooling operation according to the second aspect of the invention, the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is lower than a third predetermined temperature and is a temperature that is lower than the human body temperature by several degrees or more. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, it is determined that warm water lower than the human body temperature flows into the second heat exchanging means that transfers heat by heat conduction or radiation, so that heat can be taken from the occupants. Water is caused to flow into the second heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means of the heat exchange means.

  As a result of the above, it is possible to improve the refreshing feeling of the occupant while effectively using cold water having a relatively high temperature by the heat conduction of the second heat exchange means or the action of radiant heat transfer.

  In an eighth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the cooling operation according to the second aspect of the invention, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is less than a fourth predetermined temperature that is a temperature several degrees lower than the human body temperature, When the air is blown to the heat exchanging means, it is determined that the refreshed feeling of the occupant can be improved because the blown air temperature is sufficiently lower than the human body temperature, and the first heat exchanging means is determined by the flow rate adjusting means of the first heat exchanging means. Water is allowed to flow in and air is sent to the first heat exchange means.

  At the same time, it is determined that warm water sufficiently lower than the human body temperature flows into the second heat exchanging means that conducts heat by heat conduction or radiation, so that it is possible to take heat away from the occupants, and the second heat exchanging means Water is caused to flow into the second heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means.

  As a result of the above, due to the effect of convection heat transfer of the first heat exchange means, the overall cooling operation by convection in the passenger compartment and the heat conduction of the second heat exchange means or the action of radiant heat transfer causes a relatively high temperature. While using cold water effectively, local cooling operation can be used together, and the refreshing feeling of the occupants can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a vehicle liquid circulation system 50 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle liquid circulation system 50 includes a refrigerant circuit 10 that circulates refrigerant, a water circuit 20 that circulates hot water or cold water generated using the refrigerant circuit 10 as a heat source, and a control device 30 that is a control unit. Yes.

  The refrigerant circuit 10 includes a compressor 1 that compresses the refrigerant, a four-way valve 5 that switches a flow direction of the refrigerant, a refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water, and an expansion valve 3 that is an expansion unit that expands the high-pressure refrigerant. The refrigerant air heat exchanger 4 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air is connected by piping.

  The refrigerant circuit 10 is provided with a four-way valve 5 for switching from heating operation to cooling operation, or from heating operation to defrosting operation.

  As the refrigerant, for example, a pseudo-azeotropic refrigerant mixture such as R410A, a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture such as R407C, or a single refrigerant of a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant system or a natural refrigerant system can be used.

  On the other hand, the water circuit 20 has a pump 21 that is a circulation means for conveying water, the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, and a first heat for radiating the heat of the water heat-exchanged in the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. A first flow rate adjusting valve 23a, a second flow rate adjusting valve 23b, a second flow rate adjusting valve 23b for adjusting the water flow rate to the exchanger 22a, the second heat exchanger 22b, the third heat exchanger 22c, and the heat exchangers 22a to 22c. 3 flow rate adjusting valve 23c.

  In the water circuit 20, the first heat exchanger 22 a is installed in series with the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. Moreover, the 2nd heat exchanger 22b and the 3rd heat exchanger 22c are installed in parallel with respect to the 1st heat exchanger 22a. The first flow rate adjusting valve 23a, the second flow rate adjusting valve 23b, and the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c are on the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 22a, the second heat exchanger 22b, and the third heat exchanger 22c, and outside the passenger compartment. Is installed.

  The 1st heat exchanger 22a is the 1st heat exchange means in the present invention, and the 2nd heat exchanger 22b and the 3rd heat exchanger 22c are the 2nd heat exchange means in the present invention.

  The 1st heat exchanger 22a is installed in the ventilation duct 25, and heat exchange is performed from water to air using the convection heat transfer by the ventilation of the air blower 24 as a ventilation means. The air heat-exchanged by the first heat exchanger 22a is blown out into the passenger compartment through an air volume adjustment damper 26 installed at the outlet of the air duct 25.

  The second heat exchanger 22b is installed on the inner panel of the door in the passenger compartment and transmits heat and cold to the occupants in the seat by radiation, and the third heat exchanger 22c is installed inside the seat in the passenger compartment. The heat transfer is conducted to the seat seat and the occupants of the seat seat by heat conduction.

  Furthermore, an inlet temperature sensor 27 for detecting the temperature of water flowing into each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c is installed on the outlet side of the water-side flow path of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. On the outlet side of the first heat exchanger 22a, the second heat exchanger 22b, and the third heat exchanger 22c, a first outlet temperature sensor 28a and a second outlet temperature sensor 28b for detecting the temperature of water flowing out from each of them. A third outlet temperature sensor 28c is installed.

  In addition, as water used for the water circuit 20, an antifreeze, a brine, etc. other than city water etc. can be used, for example.

  The control device 30 is connected to the inlet temperature sensor 27, the outlet temperature sensors 28a to 28c, the blower 24, and the flow rate adjusting valves 23a to 23c through signal lines.

  In the vehicle liquid circulation system configured as described above, by switching the four-way valve 5, a heating operation for conveying hot water to each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c and a cold water to each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c are carried out. Cooling operation can be performed. Hereinafter, the state change of the refrigerant and water in the heating operation will be described.

  In the vehicle liquid circulation system 50 according to the present embodiment, the hot water generated by the heating operation of the refrigerant circuit 10 is transported to the radiator in the water circuit 20 and used for heating in the passenger compartment. In FIG. 1, the flow direction of the refrigerant at the time of heating operation is indicated by a solid line arrow, and the flow direction of water is indicated by a broken line arrow.

  First, in the refrigerant circuit 10, the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is switched by the four-way valve 5 to flow into the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 acting as a condenser. Heat is exchanged with water passing through the water-side flow path of the water heat exchanger 2 to heat the water, and the refrigerant itself dissipates heat and liquefies and condenses to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.

  The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is decompressed and expanded by the expansion valve 3, becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the refrigerant air heat exchanger 4 that functions as an evaporator.

  The low-pressure two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant air heat exchanger 4 evaporates here, absorbs the heat of vaporization from the air, becomes superheated refrigerant, flows out of the refrigerant air heat exchanger 4, and returns to the compressor 1.

  On the other hand, in the water circuit 20, the water discharged from the pump 21 is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant condensed in the refrigerant side channel of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 in the water side channel of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. It becomes warm water.

  The control device 30 determines whether or not the blower 24 is operating, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a, the second flow rate according to the detected temperatures of the inlet temperature sensor 27, the first outlet temperature sensor 28a, the second outlet temperature sensor 28b, and the third outlet temperature sensor 28c. The flow rate of water passing through the flow rate adjusting valve 23b and the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c is controlled.

  When hot water flows into the first heat exchanger 22a, warm air is generated by heating from the hot water to the air by convection heat transfer, heating the passenger compartment, and the water itself is heated by heat exchange with the air. Decreases and flows out of the first heat exchanger 22a.

  Moreover, when it flows into the 2nd heat exchanger 22b installed in the door inner surface panel of a vehicle interior, from a door inner surface panel heated with warm water higher than a body temperature of a seated person, a seat seat seat person is heated by radiation. The heating comfort of the occupants is increased, and the water itself transmits heat to the seat occupants by radiation, so that the water temperature decreases and flows out of the second heat exchanger 22b.

  Furthermore, when flowing into the third heat exchanger 22c installed inside the seat in the passenger compartment, hot water higher than the body temperature of the occupant conveys heat to the seat occupant and the seat occupant by heat conduction. The heating comfort of the occupants is enhanced, and the water itself is cooled by the heat exchange with the seat seats and the occupants and flows out of the third heat exchanger 22c.

  As mentioned above, the water which flowed out from each heat exchanger 22a-22c returns to the pump 21 after aggregation.

  Next, the control device 30 repeatedly performs the operation / stop of the blower 24 and the opening degree control of the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a, the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b, and the third flow rate adjustment valve 23c. The details of the control operation at the time of starting the heating operation will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, heating operation by the refrigerant circuit 10 is started (step S1), the inlet water temperature Ti is detected by the inlet temperature sensor 27 in the water circuit 20, and the first outlet temperature sensor 28a, the second outlet temperature sensor 28b, and the third outlet temperature. The outlet water temperature T1, the outlet water temperature T2, and the outlet water temperature T3 are detected by the sensors 28c (step S2).

  Then, the magnitude relationship between the inlet water temperature Ti and the first predetermined temperature Ts1 preset as the use start temperature of the second heat exchanger 22b is determined (step S3).

  In step S3, if the inlet water temperature Ti <the first predetermined temperature Ts1, the water temperature has not risen sufficiently. Therefore, the first heat exchanger 22a and the second heat exchange are performed in order to prevent the occupant from feeling cold air and cold air. The heater 22b and the third heat exchanger 22c are not heated, and the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is operated as a bypass valve, and water circulation is continued until the water temperature in the water circuit 20 rises.

  That is, the process proceeds to step S4, where the blower is stopped, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is fully closed and the predetermined opening P1 is opened, the second flow rate adjusting valve 23b and the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c are fully closed, Return to S2.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P1 of the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is set so that a difference (Ti−T1) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T1 by the first outlet temperature sensor 28a becomes a predetermined temperature difference. Shall.

  On the other hand, in step S3, when the inlet water temperature Ti ≧ the first predetermined temperature Ts1, the process proceeds to step S5 to start using the second heat exchanger 22b, which is a radiation panel, and the inlet water temperature Ti and the heat conduction panel. The magnitude relationship with the second predetermined temperature Ts2 set in advance as the use start temperature of the third heat exchanger 22c is determined.

  In step S5, when the inlet water temperature Ti <the second predetermined temperature Ts2, the radiation panel is started to be used, and the heat conduction panel is shifted to step S6 so as not to be used, and the second heat exchanger 22b which is a radiation panel. Second flow rate adjusting valve 23b: The predetermined opening degree P2 is opened, and the process returns to step S2.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P2 of the second flow rate adjusting valve 23b is set so that the difference (Ti−T2) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T2 by the second outlet temperature sensor 28b becomes a predetermined temperature difference. Shall.

  On the other hand, in step S5, when the inlet water temperature Ti ≧ second predetermined temperature Ts2, the process proceeds to step S7 to start using the third heat exchanger 22c, which is a heat conduction panel, and the inlet water temperature Ti and the blower 24 are started. The magnitude relationship with the third predetermined temperature Ts3 set in advance as the use start temperature of the first heat exchanger 22a with the operation of is determined.

  In step S7, when the inlet water temperature Ti <the third predetermined temperature Ts3, the use of the heat conduction panel is started, and the heating operation in the first heat exchanger 22a is shifted to step S8 so that the heating operation is not used. The third flow rate adjusting valve 23c for the third heat exchanger 22c, which is: Open only the predetermined opening P3, and return to step S2.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P3 of the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c is set so that the difference (Ti−T3) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T3 by the third outlet temperature sensor 28c becomes a predetermined temperature difference. Shall.

  On the other hand, in step S7, when the inlet water temperature Ti ≧ the third predetermined temperature Ts3, the process proceeds to step S9 to start the heating operation in the first heat exchanger 22a, and the blower: operation, the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a. : Only the predetermined opening P4 is opened, and the heating activation control is finished.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P4 of the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is set so that the difference (Ti−T1) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T1 by the first outlet temperature sensor 28a becomes a predetermined temperature difference. Shall.

  Here, the magnitude relationship among the first predetermined temperature Ts1, the second predetermined temperature Ts2, and the third predetermined temperature Ts3 set in advance for each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c is as follows: first predetermined temperature Ts1 <second predetermined temperature Ts2 < The third predetermined temperature Ts3 is set so as to increase in the order of radiation, heat conduction, and convection.

  As described above, when the heating operation is performed in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is lower than the first predetermined temperature Ts1, which is near the human body temperature, the first heat exchanger. The water flow rate is increased by opening the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a of 22a by a predetermined opening degree P1, not blowing air by the blower 24, and closing the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b and the third flow rate adjustment valve 23c. The hot water can be continuously circulated while preventing the cold air from being blown out from the first heat exchanger 22a until it does.

  Next, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature Ts1 and lower than the second predetermined temperature Ts2, which is the use start temperature of the third heat exchanger 22c, the second By opening the flow rate adjusting valve 23b by a predetermined opening P2, heat is transmitted from the door inner panel heated by hot water higher than the body temperature of the occupant to the seat occupant by radiation, and the occupant is locally Therefore, it is possible to improve the comfort of the occupant when starting the heating operation while effectively using the hot water having a relatively low temperature.

  Further, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is equal to or higher than the second predetermined temperature Ts2 and lower than the third predetermined temperature Ts3 that is the use start temperature of the first heat exchanger 22a, the third flow rate is set. By opening the regulating valve 23c by a predetermined opening P3, the occupant can be locally heated by heat conduction through a seat seat or the like, and heating is performed while effectively using hot water having a relatively low temperature. It is possible to improve the comfort of the occupant at the start of driving.

  Further, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is equal to or higher than the third predetermined temperature Ts3, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is opened by a predetermined opening P4, and the blower 24 is operated to operate the first heat exchanger. By blowing air to 22a, the water temperature rises sufficiently and air having a temperature sufficiently higher than the human body temperature can be blown out, so that the comfort of the occupant at the time of starting the heating operation can be improved.

  That is, the overall heating operation by convection in the passenger compartment by the first heat exchanger 22a, and the local heating operation by the second heat exchanger 22b using heat conduction and the third heat exchanger 22c using radiation can be used at the same time. It is possible to further improve comfort.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 shows a vehicle liquid circulation system 50 that performs the cooling operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The configurations of the refrigerant circuit 10 and the water circuit 20 are the same as those in the first embodiment, but the cooling operation is performed in the refrigerant circuit 10, and the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a, the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b in the water circuit 20, The operation control of the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c and the blower 24 is different from the first embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the state change of the refrigerant and water in the cooling operation will be described.

  In the vehicle liquid circulation system 50 of the present embodiment, the cooling water generated by the cooling operation of the refrigerant circuit 10 is transferred to the radiator in the water circuit 20 and used for cooling in the passenger compartment. In FIG. 3, the flow direction of the refrigerant during the cooling operation is indicated by a solid line arrow, and the flow direction of water is indicated by a broken line arrow.

  First, in the refrigerant circuit 10, the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is switched by the four-way valve 5 in a direction to flow into the refrigerant air heat exchanger 4, and the air in the refrigerant air heat exchanger 4 acting as a condenser. The air is heated by exchanging heat with the air flowing on the side, and the refrigerant itself radiates and liquefies and condenses.

  The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the refrigerant air heat exchanger 4 is decompressed and expanded by the expansion valve 3, and then flows into the refrigerant-side flow path of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 that is an evaporator.

  The low-pressure two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 evaporates here, absorbs heat of vaporization from the water flowing in the water-side flow path of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, cools the water, The refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 flows out and returns to the compressor 1.

  On the other hand, in the water circuit 20, the water discharged from the pump 21 is cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant evaporating in the refrigerant side flow path of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 to become cold water.

  The control device 30 determines whether or not the blower 24 is operating, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a, the second flow rate according to the detected temperatures of the inlet temperature sensor 27, the first outlet temperature sensor 28a, the second outlet temperature sensor 28b, and the third outlet temperature sensor 28c. The flow rate of water passing through the flow rate adjusting valve 23b and the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c is controlled.

  When cold water flows into the first heat exchanger 22a, it is cooled by convective heat transfer from the cold water to the air, thereby generating cold air and cooling the passenger compartment. The water itself has a water temperature due to heat exchange with the air. It decreases and flows out from the first heat exchanger 22a.

  In addition, when flowing into the second heat exchanger 22b installed inside the seat in the passenger compartment, cold water lower than the body temperature of the occupant conveys cold to the seat occupant and the seat occupant by heat conduction. The heating comfort of the occupants is enhanced, and the water itself rises due to heat exchange with the seats and the occupants and flows out of the second heat exchanger 22b.

  Furthermore, when it flows into the 2nd heat exchanger 22b installed in the door inner surface panel of a vehicle interior, from a door inner surface panel cooled with the cold water lower than a body temperature of a seated person, a seat seat seat person is cooled by radiation. In addition, the cooling comfort of the occupants is enhanced, and the water itself transmits cold to the seat seat occupants by radiation, so that the water temperature rises and flows out of the third heat exchanger 22c.

  As mentioned above, the water which flowed out from each heat exchanger 22a-22c returns to the pump 21 after aggregation.

  Next, the control device 30 repeatedly performs the operation / stop of the blower 24 and the opening degree control of the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a, the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b, and the third flow rate adjustment valve 23c. The details of the control operation at the time of cooling operation start will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, the cooling operation by the refrigerant circuit 10 is started (step S1), the inlet water temperature Ti by the inlet temperature sensor 27 in the water circuit 20, the first outlet temperature sensor 28a, the second outlet temperature sensor 28b, and the third outlet temperature sensor 28c. The outlet water temperature T1, the outlet water temperature T2, and the outlet water temperature T3 are detected by each (step S2).

  Then, the magnitude relationship between the inlet water temperature Ti and the first predetermined temperature Ts1 preset as the use start temperature of the second heat exchanger 22b is determined (step S3).

  In step S3, when the inlet water temperature Ti> the first predetermined temperature Ts11, the water temperature is not sufficiently lowered. Therefore, the second heat exchanger 22b and the third heat exchanger 22c are used to prevent discomfort of the occupants. The air blower 24 is operated, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is set to a very small opening degree, and the water circulation is continued until the water temperature in the water circuit 20 decreases.

  That is, the process proceeds to step S4, where the blower: operation, the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a: fully closed and the predetermined opening P1 is opened, the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b, the third flow rate adjustment valve 23c: fully closed, step Return to S2.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P1 of the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is such that the difference (Ti−T1) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T1 by the first outlet temperature sensor 28a becomes a predetermined temperature difference (negative value). Shall be set to

  On the other hand, when the inlet water temperature Ti ≦ the first predetermined temperature Ts11 in step S3, the process proceeds to step S5 to start using the second heat exchanger 22b, which is a radiation panel, and the inlet water temperature Ti and the heat conduction panel The magnitude relationship with the second predetermined temperature Ts22 preset as the use start temperature of the third heat exchanger 22c is determined.

  In step S5, when the inlet water temperature Ti> the second predetermined temperature Ts22, the radiation panel is started to be used, and the heat conduction panel is shifted to step S6 so that the heat conduction panel is not used, and the second heat exchanger 22b which is a radiation panel. Second flow rate adjusting valve 23b: The predetermined opening degree P2 is opened, and the process returns to step S2.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P2 of the second flow rate adjusting valve 23b is such that the difference (Ti−T2) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T2 by the second outlet temperature sensor 28b becomes a predetermined temperature difference (negative value). Shall be set to

  On the other hand, when the inlet water temperature Ti ≦ second predetermined temperature Ts22 in step S5, the process proceeds to step S7 to start using the third heat exchanger 22c, which is a heat conduction panel, and the inlet water temperature Ti and the blower 24 are started. The magnitude relationship with the third predetermined temperature Ts3 set in advance as the use start temperature of the first heat exchanger 22a with the operation of is determined.

  In step S7, when the inlet water temperature Ti> the third predetermined temperature Ts33, the heat conduction panel is started to be used, and the cooling operation in the first heat exchanger 22a is shifted to step S8 so that the cooling operation is not used. The third flow rate adjusting valve 23c for the third heat exchanger 22c, which is: Open only the predetermined opening P3, and return to step S2.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P3 of the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c is such that the difference (Ti−T3) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T3 by the third outlet temperature sensor 28c becomes a predetermined temperature difference (negative value). Shall be set to

  On the other hand, when the inlet water temperature Ti ≦ the third predetermined temperature Ts33 in step S7, the process proceeds to step S9 to start the cooling operation in the first heat exchanger 22a, and the blower: operation, the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a. : Only the predetermined opening P4 is opened, and the cooling activation control is finished.

  At this time, the predetermined opening degree P4 of the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is such that the difference (Ti−T1) between the inlet water temperature Ti and the outlet water temperature T1 by the first outlet temperature sensor 28a becomes a predetermined temperature difference (negative value). Shall be set to

  Here, the magnitude relationship among the first predetermined temperature Ts11, the second predetermined temperature Ts22, and the third predetermined temperature Ts33 set in advance for each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c is as follows: first predetermined temperature Ts11> second predetermined temperature Ts22> The third predetermined temperature Ts33 is set so as to decrease in the order of radiation, heat conduction, and convection.

  As described above, when performing the cooling operation in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 exceeds the first predetermined temperature Ts11 that is near the human body temperature, the first heat exchanger The water flow rate is lowered by opening the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a of 22a by a predetermined opening P1, blowing air by the blower 24, and closing the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b and the third flow rate adjustment valve 23c. The circulation of hot water can be continued.

  Next, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is equal to or lower than the first predetermined temperature Ts11 and exceeds the second predetermined temperature Ts22 which is the use start temperature of the third heat exchanger 22c, the second By opening the flow rate adjusting valve 23b by a predetermined opening P2, the heat is taken from the seat seat occupant by the cold radiation from the door inner panel cooled by cold water lower than the body temperature of the occupant. It is possible to cool locally, and it is possible to improve the comfort of the occupant when starting the cooling operation while effectively using cold water having a relatively high temperature.

  When the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is less than the second predetermined temperature Ts2 and exceeds the third predetermined temperature Ts3 that is the use start temperature of the first heat exchanger 22a, the third flow rate is set. By opening the regulating valve 23c by a predetermined opening P3, the occupant can be locally cooled by heat conduction through a seat seat or the like, and cooling is performed while effectively using cold water having a relatively low temperature. It is possible to improve the comfort of the occupant at the start of driving.

  Furthermore, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is lower than the third predetermined temperature Ts3, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a is opened by a predetermined opening P4, and the blower 24 is operated to operate the first heat exchanger. By blowing air to 22a, the water temperature rises sufficiently, and air having a temperature sufficiently lower than the human body temperature can be blown out. Therefore, it is possible to improve the comfort of the seated person at the start of the cooling operation.

  That is, the entire cooling operation by convection in the passenger compartment by the first heat exchanger 22a, and the local cooling operation by the second heat exchanger 22b using heat conduction and the third heat exchanger 22c using cooling radiation are used in combination. It is possible to further improve comfort.

  In step S4 in FIG. 4 of the second embodiment, the blower is stopped, the first flow rate adjustment valve 23a is opened from the fully closed position by a predetermined opening P1, and the second flow rate adjustment valve 23b and the third flow rate adjustment valve 23c are: It may be fully closed. In this case, since the blown air temperature is high and lukewarm air is blown out, it is possible to prevent the occupants from feeling uncomfortable. As a result, while preventing the hot air from blowing out from the first heat exchanging means until the water temperature is lowered, the heat conduction or radiation heat transfer action of the second heat exchanging means is effective for relatively high temperature cold water. The refreshing sensation of the occupants can be improved while using it.

  Further, in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment and FIG. 3 of the second embodiment, the first flow rate adjusting valve 23a, the second flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the water flow rate to each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c. The two flow rate adjusting valve 23b and the third flow rate adjusting valve 23c are valves capable of adjusting the opening, but the opening / closing time may be controlled as an on / off valve instead of the flow rate adjusting valve.

  The magnitude relationship among the first predetermined temperature Ts1, the second predetermined temperature Ts2, and the third predetermined temperature Ts3 set in advance for each of the heat exchangers 22a to 22c is higher in the order of radiation, heat conduction, and convection during heating. As described above, during cooling, radiation, heat conduction, and convection are set to decrease in this order, but the magnitude relationship between radiation and heat conduction may be reversed depending on the temperature level.

  As described above, the vehicle liquid circulation system according to the present invention can reduce energy required for cooling and heating, so that so-called energy saving can be improved, so that water is cooled and heated, and the water is cooled and heated. It is particularly useful for a vehicle air conditioning apparatus to be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Refrigerant water heat exchanger 3 Expansion valve 4 Refrigerant air heat exchanger 10 Refrigerant circuit 20 Water circuit 21 Pump 22a 1st heat exchanger 22b 2nd heat exchanger 22c 3rd heat exchanger 23a 1st flow control valve 23b 2nd flow regulating valve 23c 3rd flow regulating valve 24 Blower 30 Control device 50 Liquid circulation system for vehicles

Claims (8)

A refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a refrigerant water heat exchanger, an expansion means, a refrigerant air heat exchanger, a circulation means for circulating water exchanged in the refrigerant water heat exchanger, and the refrigerant water heat exchanger A first heat exchange means connected in series; a water circuit having a second heat exchange means connected in parallel with the first heat exchange means; and a control means, wherein the first heat exchange means comprises a blowing means. The vehicle liquid circulation system is characterized in that heat is transferred by the air generated and the second heat exchange means is installed on the surface or inside of a component constituting the vehicle interior and transfers heat by heat conduction or radiation. The vehicle liquid circulation system according to claim 1, further comprising a flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts a flow rate of water flowing through each of the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit. During the heating operation, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is lower than a first predetermined temperature, the first heat exchange means is not blown and the first heat exchange means is configured to adjust the flow rate by the flow rate adjustment means. 3. The vehicle according to claim 2, wherein water is allowed to flow into the first heat exchanging means, and water is prevented from flowing into the second heat exchanging means by the flow rate adjusting means of the second heat exchanging means. Liquid circulation system. During the heating operation, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a first predetermined temperature and lower than a second predetermined temperature, the second heat is adjusted by the flow rate adjusting means of the second heat exchanging means. The vehicle liquid circulation system according to claim 2, wherein water is allowed to flow into the exchange means. In the heating operation, when the temperature of water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a second predetermined temperature, the first heat exchanging means is provided by the flow rate adjusting means of the first heat exchanging means and the second heat exchanging means. 3. The vehicle liquid circulation system according to claim 2, wherein water is allowed to flow into the second heat exchange unit and the air is blown to the first heat exchange unit. In cooling operation, when the temperature of water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a third predetermined temperature, water is caused to flow into the first heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means of the first heat exchange means, and The vehicle liquid circulation system according to claim 2, wherein water is prevented from flowing to the second heat exchange means by the flow rate adjusting means of the second heat exchange means. During cooling operation, when the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is lower than a third predetermined temperature and equal to or higher than a fourth predetermined temperature, the flow rate adjusting means of the second heat exchanging means controls the second heat. The vehicle liquid circulation system according to claim 2, wherein water is allowed to flow into the exchange means. In the cooling operation, when the temperature of water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger is lower than a fourth predetermined temperature, the first heat exchanging means is controlled by the flow rate adjusting means of the first heat exchanging means and the second heat exchanging means. 3. The vehicle liquid circulation system according to claim 2, wherein water is allowed to flow into the second heat exchange unit and the air is blown to the first heat exchange unit.

Images