JP2012010527A - Motor, and pump having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a motor that reduces a load of a switching element and reduces power consumption, and to provide a pump having the same.SOLUTION: A motor 1 has: a rotor 2; a stator 3; a switching element 4 that energizes the stator 3; a controller 5 that outputs a control signal 11 for controlling the switching element 4; and a position detector 8 that detects a position of the rotor 2. A power supply voltage supplied to the controller 5 from exterior and a regulator voltage 14 outputted from the controller 5 are lower than a voltage of an electric power supplied to the switching element 4. The motor 1 also has a voltage detector 6 that detects at least one of the power supply voltage and the regulator voltage 14, and a power supply permission part 7 that permits power supply to the position detector 8 at the time of voltage detection. The controller 5 outputs the control signal 11 after power feeding to the position detector 8 is started.

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor and a pump including the motor.

  In a conventional motor, driving power is supplied from an external power source to a switching element, a stator, etc., and a motor is rotated by the driving power when a control signal from a control unit is input to the switching element.

  In addition, when a control signal is input, an inrush current is generated in the switching element. When the generation of the inrush current and the start of supply of drive power overlap, the inrush current increases as shown in FIG. Therefore, a large burden may be applied to the switching element. Therefore, a voltage detection unit that detects the voltage of the drive power is provided between the power supply source and the switching element, and a control signal is input after voltage detection to suppress an increase in inrush current and reduce the burden on the switching element. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-254555 A

  However, in the conventional motor of Patent Document 1 or the like, the voltage detection unit detects the voltage of the driving power, so that the power consumption of the voltage detection unit at the time of voltage detection is as large as several hundred mW. There's a problem. And since the voltage detection part has detected the voltage of the electric power applied to a switching element also in the standby state which is not driving a stator, there also exists a problem that the power consumption of a standby state is also large.

  In view of this situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a motor that reduces the burden on the switching element due to an increase in inrush current and consumes less power than the conventional one, and a pump including the motor.

  In order to solve this problem, the motor of the present invention includes a rotor, a stator that drives the rotor, a switching element that is supplied with electric power from the outside and energizes the stator, and a command signal input from the outside. A control unit that outputs a control signal for performing energization control of the switching element; and a position detection unit that detects a position of the rotor; and a power supply voltage supplied from the outside to the control unit and output from the control unit When the regulator voltage is lower than the voltage of the power supplied to the switching element, the voltage detection unit detects at least one of the power supply voltage and the regulator voltage, and when the voltage detection unit detects the voltage A power supply permission unit that permits power supply to the position detection unit, and before the control unit starts power supply to the position detection unit It is characterized in that for outputting a control signal.

  It is preferable that the motor has a signal delay unit that delays the power supply permission operation by the power supply permission unit.

  The pump of the present invention is characterized in that the motor described above is provided as a drive source for the impeller.

  With such a configuration, the burden on the switching element due to the inrush current can be reduced, and the power consumption of the voltage detection unit and the like can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.

It is a circuit diagram explaining signal transmission of an example of an embodiment of a motor. It is a circuit diagram explaining the signal transmission of the other example same as the above. It is a circuit diagram explaining the signal transmission of the other example same as the above. (A) It is a comparison figure of the inrush current of the example shown in FIG. 3, and (b) a prior art example. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a pump using the motor illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 as a drive source.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the motor 1 includes a stator 3 made of an electromagnet, a rotor 2 made of a magnet rotated by the stator 3, a switching element 4, a position detection unit 8, a control unit 5, a voltage It has a detection unit 6 and a power supply permission unit 7. The motor 1 rotates the rotor 2 by energizing the stator 3 while performing a switching operation with the switching element 4, and the switching element 4 is controlled by a control signal 11 from the control unit 5.

  The motor 1 is supplied with two types of electric power from an external power source 30 such as a commercial (AC) power source, and the smaller electric power is not supplied to the motor 1 at least before the larger electric power. It has become a thing.

  Specifically, the driving power supplied from the external power source 30 to the stator 3 and the switching element 4 through the converter 31 and the like, and the control power source 32 operating in conjunction with the external power source 30 or branched from the external power source 30 are supplied. Control power 13. The driving power is applied and supplied to a member with large power consumption that directly affects the driving force of the motor 1 such as the stator 3, and the control power 13 is consumed by the power supply permission unit 7 and the control unit 5. It is applied and supplied to electronic components with low power. Therefore, the control power 13 that only needs to operate the electronic component is smaller in voltage and current than the driving power that is supplied to the stator 3 via the switching element 4 and rotates the rotor 2.

  Further, the control power 13 is supplied in the standby state where the supply is started substantially simultaneously with the start of the supply of the drive power and in the standby state where the drive power is applied to the switching element 4 but the stator 3 is not energized. May be started. That is, the control power 13 is not supplied prior to the start of supply of drive power. In the following description, the case where the supply of the control power 13 is started almost simultaneously with the start of the supply of drive power is referred to as simultaneous power-on.

  The control unit 5 that outputs the control signal 11 is, for example, a control circuit made up of a motor control IC or an electronic component, and is supplied with control power 13, a speed command signal 10 from the outside, and a position detection unit. The output signal 15 from 8 is input. Then, the control unit 5 outputs a control signal 11 based on the levels of both the input signals, and the control signal 11 is a signal for controlling the operation of the switching element 4 such as the period of the switching operation and the operation start. It is.

  The speed command signal 10 is an external operation signal or the like input to the control unit 5 such as the rotation speed of the motor 1 and the start / stop of rotation, and is output from an external command signal output means (not shown). The command signal output means is, for example, an external control means such as an information processing device, an external operation means for externally operating the drive setting of the motor 1, and the like.

  The position detection unit 8 is, for example, a Hall element, and is supplied with power from a power supply source such as the control power source 32 or the external power source 30, and always outputs the output signal 15 to the control unit 5 during power supply. The position detection unit 8 changes the level of the output signal 15 based on the position of the rotor 2 during one rotation of the motor, and the control unit 5 determines whether or not the control unit 5 is being driven to rotate, the rotation speed of the motor 1, etc. Is to recognize. Furthermore, a power supply permission unit 7 is disposed between the position detection unit 8 and the power supply source, and power is not supplied to the position detection unit 8 until permission from the power supply permission unit 7 is lowered. Yes.

  The power supply permission unit 7 is composed of electronic components such as a transistor and an AND circuit, for example, and does not permit power supply to the position detection unit 8 until the permission signal 12 is input. It is output from the detector 6.

  The voltage detection unit 6 is, for example, a comparator provided between the control power supply 32 and the control unit 5, and detects a control voltage that is a voltage of the control power 13 supplied to the control unit 5. Sometimes the permission signal 12 is output to the power supply permission unit 7. When the voltage is detected, the control power 13 is supplied to the motor 1 and the control signal 5 is continuously output while the control unit 5 is supplied with power. In the stopped non-power supply state, the permission signal 12 is not output.

  That is, power supply to the position detection unit 8 is started after power supply to the control unit 5, and the output signal 15 from the position detection unit 8 is input to the control unit 5 while the control power 13 is always supplied. It has become. For this reason, the control unit 5 outputs the control signal 11 after the power supply to the position detection unit 8 and the switching element is delayed at least by the operation time of the voltage detection unit 6 and the power supply permission unit 7 from the start of the power supply to the control unit 5. 4, the control signal 11 is input.

  Further, since the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 6 is the voltage of the control power 13 that is not supplied to the motor 1 prior to the drive power, the voltage detection unit 6 drives the switching element 4 by detecting the control voltage. It detects the application of power. And since the voltage detection part 6 detects a control voltage, the power consumption of the voltage detection part 6 in operation | movement at the time of voltage detection etc. is reduced rather than the conventional thing which detects the voltage of drive electric power. Further, in the standby state in which only the driving power is applied to the switching element 4 without the control power 13 being supplied to the motor 1, no power is applied to the voltage detection unit 6, so the power consumption of the voltage detection unit 6 in the standby state is reduced. It can be made almost zero.

  In this way, the voltage detection unit 6 detects the control voltage, and the power supply to the position detection unit 8 is started after the power supply to the control unit 5. The control signal 11 can be output. Therefore, when the power is simultaneously turned on and the speed command signal 10 is input almost simultaneously as the starting operation of the motor 1, the control signal 11 is sent from the control unit 5 to the switching element 4 after the driving power is applied to the switching element 4. Is supposed to be entered.

  That is, when the motor 1 is started, an inrush current 16 of the control signal 11 is generated in the switching element 4 with a delay from the start of application of drive power. Therefore, the increase of the inrush current 16 due to the superposition of the start of power feeding and the input of the control signal 11 is suppressed, and the burden on the switching element 4 is reduced. Furthermore, since the control unit 5 is always supplied with the control power 13 and the output signal 15 from the position detection unit 8 is input, the control unit 5 also suppresses the increase of the inrush current 16 of the output signal 15. The burden on the control unit 5 is also reduced.

  Further, a shut-off unit (not shown) is disposed between the control power supply 32 and the control unit 5 and is controlled by the shut-off unit when the driving is not resumed even if a predetermined time elapses in a stopped state after the rotational drive. The power supply from the power source 32 is cut off. That is, the interruption unit performs a power supply interruption operation for interrupting the supply of the control power 13 to the control unit 5 when the speed command signal 10 is not input for a predetermined time in the stopped state. The power supply interruption operation is continued until the speed command signal 10 is input to the motor 1. When the speed command signal 10 is input, resumption of power supply to the control unit 5 is permitted. As described above, it is preferable to provide a shut-off unit because power consumption by the control unit 5 can be reduced when the motor 1 is left in a stopped state.

  The state in which the supply of the control power 13 and the input of the speed command signal 10 are performed substantially simultaneously is the case where the speed command signal 10 is input simultaneously with the start of the power supply to the motor 1 and the start of power supply. This includes the case where the speed command signal 10 has been input from the front. Of course, in the state where the simultaneous power-on and the input of the speed command signal 10 are performed substantially simultaneously, in the above two cases, the supply of the drive power is started at the start of the supply of the control power 13, respectively.

  As another example, as shown in FIG. 2, the voltage detection unit 6 detects the regulator voltage 14 output from the control unit 5 by applying the control power 13, and permits the power supply permission unit 7 when the regulator voltage 14 is detected. Some output a signal 12. In addition, the overlapping description of the same configuration as the above example is omitted.

  In this configuration, the voltage detection unit 6 outputs a permission signal 12 by detecting the regulator voltage 14 of the control unit 5, and the power supply permission unit 7 supplies power to the position detection unit 8 after power supply to the control unit 5. The power feeding permission operation is performed.

  Therefore, when the power is simultaneously input and the speed command signal 10 is input substantially simultaneously when the motor 1 is started, power is supplied to the position detection unit 8 after power supply to the control unit 5. Power supply to the position detector 8 is started after the start of power supply. Since the output operation of the control signal 11 of the control unit 5 is also delayed from the start of power supply of the control unit 5 with the delay of the power supply to the position detection unit 8, the input of the control signal 11 to the switching element 4 is slower than the conventional one. Thus, the burden on the switching element 4 is reduced.

  Furthermore, since the voltage detection unit 6 detects the regulator voltage 14 of the control unit 5 that is smaller than the voltage of the driving power, the power consumption of the voltage detection unit 6 is reduced as compared with that in which the voltage of the driving power was detected. Since power supply to the position detection unit 8 is started after power supply to the control unit 5, in addition to reduction of power consumption of the voltage detection unit 6, power consumption of the position detection unit 8 is also reduced and consumption of the motor 1 is reduced. The power is reduced from the conventional one.

  As another example, as shown in FIG. 3, a signal delay unit 9 for delaying transmission of the permission signal 12 is provided between the voltage detection unit 6 and the power supply permission unit 7, and the speed command signal 10 is transmitted to the control unit. 5 and the power supply permission unit 7 are input. The description of the same configuration as in the above example is omitted.

  The power supply permission unit 7 permits the power supply to the position detection unit 8 by inputting both the permission signal 12 and the speed command signal 10. Therefore, the power supply to the position detection unit 8 is started after the start of the power supply to the control unit 5 and the input of the speed command signal 10, and the output signal 15 is always supplied to the control unit 5 after the input of the speed command signal 10. Is entered.

  The voltage detection unit 6 detects the regulator voltage 14 of the control unit 5 and outputs a permission signal 12 after feeding power to the control unit 5. The voltage detection unit 6 and the power supply permission unit 7 A signal delay unit 9 is disposed between the two. Therefore, the permission signal 12 output from the voltage detection unit 6 is input to the power supply permission unit 7 via the signal delay unit 9.

  The signal delay unit 9 is composed of electronic components such as a capacitor, a resistor, and a transistor, for example. When the permission signal 12 is input from the voltage detection unit 6, the signal delay unit 9 is delayed for a predetermined time S and then is supplied to the power supply permission unit 7. The permission signal 12 is transmitted. That is, the signal delay unit 9 causes the power supply permission unit 7 to perform power supply permission operation to the position detection unit 8 after a certain time S has elapsed from the voltage detection, and the output signal 15 is output until the certain time S has elapsed after the voltage detection. It is not input to the control unit 5. Therefore, when the speed command signal 10 is also input substantially simultaneously when the power is simultaneously turned on, the control unit 5 outputs the control signal 11 to the switching element 4 after a certain time S has elapsed from the voltage detection.

  As described above, when the signal delay unit 9 is provided, when the power supply is simultaneously turned on and the speed command signal 10 is input substantially simultaneously, as shown in FIG. A control signal 11 is input to the element 4. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the start of application of drive power from being superimposed on the inrush current 16 of the control signal 11, thereby reducing the burden on the switching element 4 when starting the motor 1. And since the voltage detection part 6 detects the regulator voltage 14, and since the electric power feeding of the position detection part 8 is started after the voltage detection of the voltage detection part 6, power consumption reduces from what detects the voltage of the conventional drive power. Has been.

  Further, as in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power supply permission unit 7 does not input the speed command signal 10 to the power supply permission unit 7, and the power supply permission unit 7 performs the permission operation only by inputting the permission signal 12, or the voltage The signal delay unit 9 may be provided for the detection unit 6 that detects the control voltage. In addition, the signal delay unit 9 may be configured integrally with the power supply permission unit 7 or the voltage detection unit 6.

  In addition, as long as the control power 13 is not supplied to the motor 1 before the drive power, the motor 1 is not limited to the illustrated configuration, and a power supply source such as one using a DC power source or the control power source 13 is built in the motor 1. The thing etc. may be sufficient. Of course, in each of the above-described examples, the three-phase brushless motor 1 is illustrated. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and a brushless motor 1 such as a single-phase or two-phase half-wave may be used. In addition, the motor 1 is not limited as long as the control unit 5 outputs the control signal 11 after the power supply to the position detection unit 8 is started even if the power is simultaneously turned on at least when the motor 1 is started. As such, for example, a power supply detection unit that detects power supply to the position detection unit 8 is provided, and the control unit 5 outputs the control signal 11 in response to the input of the detection signal, or the power supply permission unit 7 May output the output signal to the control unit 5 during the permission operation.

  In this example, the driving power voltage is, for example, about DC 141 V (direct current 141 V) or about DC 282 V, the control voltage is, for example, about DC 15 V, and the regulator voltage 14 of the control unit 5 is, for example, about DC 5 V. It has become. Of course, these voltage values are merely examples, and it is sufficient that the voltage of the drive power is larger than the voltage of the control power 13 and the regulator voltage 14 of the control unit 5, and is appropriately set according to the size and application of the motor 1. It is what is done.

  Moreover, the pump 20 that causes the fluid to flow is provided with any one of the motors 1 that reduces the load on the switching element 4 and reduces power consumption, and is used as a drive source that rotates the impeller 21 of the pump 20. Is preferred.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the pump chamber 22 including the impeller 21, the motor 1 that rotates the impeller 21, the circuit board 23 that controls the pump 20, the circuit board 23, the stator 3 of the motor 1, and the like. And a separation plate 24 for partitioning from the pump chamber 22.

  The pump chamber 22 has a suction port 25 for sucking fluid from the outside into the room and a discharge port 26 for discharging fluid in the room to the outside, and the impeller 21, the rotor 2, the rotor in the room. 2 and a rotation shaft 28 which is the rotation center of the impeller 21. The impeller 21 is formed integrally with the rotor 2, and rotates around the axis of the rotation shaft 28 by the rotational drive of the rotor 2 to suck fluid into the room from the suction port 25 and discharge fluid from the room to the discharge port 26. It is made to flow so that it may discharge from.

  Further, the circuit board 23, the stator 3 and the like partitioned by the separation plate 24 are covered with the mold resin 27, and the separation plate 24 and the mold resin 27 prevent the fluid from coming into contact with the circuit board 23, the stator 3 and the like. is doing. The circuit board 23 controls the suction and discharge of the fluid by the impeller 21 by controlling the rotation of the motor 1 and is electrically connected to the stator 3 and is used for driving the pump 20 from the external power source 30 or the like. And power for control is supplied.

  The circuit board 23 includes, for example, a control unit 5, a voltage detection unit 6, a power supply permission unit 7, a switching element 4, a position detection unit 8 and the like as shown in FIGS. A signal delay unit 9 as shown in FIG.

  That is, the voltage detection unit 6 outputs the permission signal 12 when the control voltage or the regulator voltage 14 is detected, and the power supply permission unit 7 detects the position detection unit 12 after inputting the permission signal 12 or the permission signal 12 and the speed command signal 10. The power supply to 8 is permitted. The control unit 5 outputs the control signal 11 to the switching element 4 when the output signal 15 from the position detection unit 8 during power feeding and the speed command signal 10 from the outside of the motor 1 are input to the control unit 5. Is. Therefore, when the power is turned on simultaneously and the speed command signal 10 is input almost simultaneously, the control unit 5 outputs the control signal 11 after the power supply to the position detection unit 8 to start the motor 1.

  Further, in the case where the signal delay unit 9 is provided, the permission signal 12 from the voltage detection unit 6 is transmitted to the power supply permission unit 7 by the signal delay unit 9 after a certain time S has elapsed, so that a certain time from the voltage detection. After S has elapsed, power supply to the position detection unit 8 is started.

  Thus, since the voltage detection part 6 detects the control voltage and the regulator voltage 14 of the control part 5, power consumption can be reduced rather than what detects the voltage of drive power. And since the power supply to the position detection part 8 is permitted after the voltage detection by the voltage detection part 6, the power consumption in the standby state etc. of the position detection part 8 can be reduced. Furthermore, since the output signal 15 is input to the control unit 5 after the control power 13 is supplied, the application of the drive power to the switching element 4 and the superimposition of the input of the control signal 11 can be suppressed, and the switching element 4 caused by the inrush current 16 can be suppressed. Can be reduced.

  The circuit board 23 includes a converter 31, a step-down unit that lowers the control voltage, and the like, or a control power supply 32 that is configured separately from the external power supply 30 and configured by a secondary battery or the like. Alternatively, it may also serve as command signal output means for the control unit 5. Of course, a motor having a separating plate 24 between the motor 1 and the impeller 21, a rotating shaft 28 that rotates together with the impeller 21 and the rotor 2, or a suction port 25 at one end of the rotating shaft 28 and a discharge at the other end. The thing etc. which have the exit 26 may be sufficient.

  Examples of such a pump 20 include a coolant for hybrid vehicles and computers, hot water such as a shower, faucet, or well, or a mixture of fine bubbles in a fine bubble generator such as a bathroom. is there. Of course, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and any pump that includes at least the motor 1 as a drive source of the impeller 21 and can flow the fluid may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2 Rotor 3 Stator 4 Switching element 5 Control part 6 Voltage detection part 7 Power supply permission part 8 Position detection part 9 Signal delay part 10 Speed command signal 11 Control signal 12 Permit signal 20 Pump 21 Impeller

Claims (3)

  A rotor and a stator that drives the rotor, a switching element that is supplied with electric power from the outside and energizes the stator, and a control unit that outputs a control signal that performs energization control of the switching element by a command signal input from the outside And a position detection unit for detecting the position of the rotor, the power supply voltage supplied from the outside to the control unit and the regulator voltage output from the control unit from the voltage of the power supplied to the switching element A voltage detection unit that detects at least one of the power supply voltage and the regulator voltage, and a power supply permission that permits power supply to the position detection unit when a voltage is detected by the voltage detection unit And the control unit outputs the control signal after power supply to the position detection unit is started. Motor.   The motor according to claim 1, further comprising a signal delay unit that delays the power supply permission operation by the power supply permission unit.   A pump comprising the motor according to claim 1 or 2 as a drive source of an impeller.

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