JP2011519692A - 収差を相殺する光学撮像カテーテル - Google Patents
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Abstract
【選択図】図1A
Description
本出願は、2008年5月7日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/051,340号に基づく優先権を主張し、2008年7月14日出願の米国特許出願第12/172,922号に基づく優先権を主張し、2007年7月12日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/949,511号に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、これら出願は参照により本願明細書に全て組み込むものとする。
概して説明すると、図1Aに光学撮像カテーテル100が示されており、それはプリズム110と、概ね管状の本体を含むカテーテルシース120とを備え、プリズム110とカテーテルシース120との間に空間130が存在する。プリズム110は光ファイバ140から照射光118を受光し、光学画像を得るべく照射光118をカテーテルシース120を介して試料168へ、すなわち血管の内腔面へ径方向に案内する。径方向は、y軸すなわち光学撮像カテーテルの横軸内とすることができる。照射光118は、赤外光波長から紫外光波長までの任意の電磁照射線、特に380〜750nmの照射線とすることができる。空間130は、空気か気体か流体により占有させることができる。内腔撮像では、通常はカテーテルシース120の外側138に洗浄流体が導入され、光学撮像用に血管内腔を清掃する。一実施形態では、対応面から屈折力を実際に算出すべく、空間130を空気や真空あるいは1に等しい屈折率を有する他の合理的に選択された任意の気体により占有させる。ただし、空気(1.0008)や真空(1.0000)あるいは他の気体(1.000036〜1.00045)の屈折率には若干ばらつきが存在する。カテーテルシース120は、内面122と外面124とを含んでおり、それらは屈折力と屈折率とを有する。屈折力は、面各側の曲率半径と屈折率の差分とが組み合わされた一つの特性である。内面122と外面124は、それらの境界に起因する屈折力を有する。一般に、内面122とプリズム110の界面との間の空間130内に流体が導入され、カテーテルシースの内面122の屈折力を低減する。一実施形態では、カテーテルシース120の屈折力は一方向において屈折力の大半が異方性である。プリズム110は、前側プリズム界面112と後側プリズム界面114とを含んでいる。光学撮像カテーテル100は、レンズ150に光学的に結合された光ファイバ140と、レンズ150とプリズム110とを収容する保護支承体170とを備え、カテーテルシース120は保護支承体170の後側の面に結合される。保護支承体170は、プリズム110に光学的に結合されてカテーテルシース120を介して照射光を導く開口172を含んでいる。別の選択肢では、光学撮像カテーテル100は光ファイバ140とレンズ150とに光学的に結合されたフェルール160を含む。一実施形態では、レンズ150は屈折率分布型レンズ(GRIN)である。
(シースの屈折率−空気の屈折率)/内面の半径=内面の屈折力 (1)
(洗浄剤の屈折率−外面の屈折率)/外面の半径=外面の屈折力 (2)
Claims (20)
- 光学撮像カテーテルであって、
カテーテルシースを介して照射光を受光し案内するプリズムと、
プリズムとカテーテルシースとの間にあって、試料から得られる光学画像の光学収差を相殺する空間とを備える、カテーテル。 - 空間は、空気又は気体で占有させる、請求項1に記載のカテーテル。
- カテーテルシースは内面と外面とを含んでおり、内面と外面が屈折力と屈折率とを含む、請求項1に記載のカテーテル。
- 内面の屈折力の絶対値は外面を上回る、請求項3に記載の方法。
- カテーテルシースは、外面の外側の媒体の屈折率に合致させた屈折率を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 内面はほぼ0.3000〜0.4000mmの間の半径を含み、外面はほぼ0.4100〜0.5100mmの間の半径を含む、請求項3に記載のカテーテル。
- プリズムは、光学ファイバを長手方向に分岐出力する照射光を集束させ、円筒面を用いて照射光を径方向成分へ方向転換させる反射円筒面と、カテーテル本体の長手方向軸に直交する軸に沿って照射光を合焦させる第2の円筒透過/レンズ面とを備える二重円筒マイクロミラー/マイクロレンズを含む、請求項1に記載のカテーテル。
- プリズムは、照射光を集束させ、再合焦させ、傾斜させてカテーテル本体の長手方向軸に非垂直な径方向成分とするトロイド状面を有する鏡面仕上げ面を含むトロイド状ミラーである、請求項1に記載のカテーテル。
- カテーテルは、撮像治療器具に結合される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- カテーテルを介して光学撮像を行なう方法であって、
照射光をプリズムとカテーテルシースとを介して導き、プリズムとカテーテルシースとの間に空間を設け、試料から得られる光学画像の光学的収差を相殺することを含む、方法。 - 空間は、空気または気体で占有させる、請求項10に記載のカテーテル。
- カテーテルシースは、カテーテルシースの外面の外側の媒体の屈折率に合致させた屈折率を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- カテーテルシースは内面と外面とを含んでおり、この内面と外面とが屈折力と屈折率とを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 内面の屈折力の絶対値は外面を上回る、請求項13に記載の方法。
- カテーテルシースは、外面の外側の媒体の屈折率に合致させた屈折率を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 内面はほぼ0.3000〜0.4000mmの間の半径を含み、外面はほぼ0.4100〜0.5100mmの間の半径を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- プリズムは、光学ファイバを長手方向に分岐出力する照射光を集束させ、円筒面を用いて照射光を径方向成分へ方向転換させる反射円筒面と、カテーテル本体の長手方向軸に直交する軸に沿って照射光を合焦させる第2の円筒透過/レンズ面とを備える二重円筒マイクロミラー/マイクロレンズを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- プリズムは、照射光を集束させ、再合焦させ、傾斜させてカテーテル本体の長手方向軸に垂直でない径方向成分とするトロイド状面を有する鏡面仕上げ面を含むトロイド状ミラーである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- カテーテルは、撮像治療器具に結合してある、請求項10に記載の方法。
- カテーテルを介した光学撮像システムであって、カテーテルシースを介して照射光を受光し案内するプリズムと、プリズムとカテーテルシースとの間にあって、試料から得られる光学画像の収差を相殺する空間とを備え、空間は、屈折率がほぼ1の空気あるいは気体が占有しており、カテーテルシースは内面と外面とを含んでおり、内面と外面は屈折力と屈折率とを含んでいて、内面の屈折力の絶対値が外面を上回り、カテーテルシースは外面の外側の媒体の屈折率に整合する屈折率を含む、システム。
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PCT/US2009/043183 WO2009137704A1 (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2009-05-07 | Optical imaging catheter for aberration balancing |
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