JP2011259641A - Fluid power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid power generator capable of attaining high generation efficiency and power generation voltage stabilization.SOLUTION: The fluid power generator includes: an impeller 10 rotated by the movement of working fluid W; a rotating shaft 20 rotating together with the impeller 10; a generator 31 that converts a rotational force obtained by the rotation of the rotating shaft 20 to generate electric power; a variable transformation section 35 that is connected to the generator 31 to transform a voltage generated by the generator 31 into a desired voltage range; and an opposing area change part 40 that changes an area where a stator 34 and a rotator 32 of the generator 31 oppose to each other by relatively moving the stator 34 and the rotator 32 .

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid power generation apparatus. In particular, it relates to a wind power generator.

For example, a wind power generator has been developed as a fluid power generator that generates power using a fluid flow.
It is known that the energy of wind is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, and the output of the generator is proportional to the square of the wind speed (the rotational speed of the windmill). For this reason, in the vertical axis wind power generator, when the wind speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the wind energy is insufficient compared with the output of the generator, the rotational speed of the windmill is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is reduced. End up.

  Therefore, in the vertical axis type wind power generator, the generator stator power generation is performed by changing the facing area (meshing ratio) of the magnet rotor and the coil stator by moving the coil stator of the generator parallel to the magnet rotor. A technique for improving efficiency has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-161052 A

However, with the technique described in Patent Document 1, the change width of the output voltage obtained from the generator becomes very large, and for example, the battery cannot be stably charged. That is, if the opposing area (meshing ratio) between the magnet rotor and the coil stator is increased as the wind speed increases, the ratio of the generated voltage between cut-in wind power and cut-out wind power becomes several tens of times.
In other words, the conventional technique has a problem that a stable generated voltage cannot be obtained, and thus the generated voltage cannot be used efficiently.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to propose a fluid power generation apparatus capable of improving the power generation efficiency and stabilizing the power generation voltage.

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
A fluid power generation apparatus according to the present invention includes an impeller that rotates by movement of a working fluid, a rotating shaft that rotates together with the impeller, and a generator that generates electric power by converting a rotational force obtained by the rotation of the rotating shaft. And a variable transformer for connecting the generator to transform the generated voltage of the generator to a desired voltage range, and moving the stator and the mover of the generator relative to each other to move the stator and the mover. A counter area changing unit that changes the counter area of the counter.

  According to the present invention, both improvement in power generation efficiency and stabilization of power generation voltage can be achieved. Thereby, the generated voltage can be used efficiently.

1 is an external view of a vertical axis wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vertical axis wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining switching of the connection method of the generator by a switching part. It is a figure which shows the meshing rate of the generator with respect to a wind speed. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation speed of a rotating main shaft, and the electric power generation voltage of a generator.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an external view of a vertical axis wind power generator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vertical axis wind power generator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical axis wind power generator (fluid power generator) 1 is installed such that the rotating shaft (rotating main shaft 20) of the windmill 10 is perpendicular to the ground F. That is, the rotational axis of the windmill 10 always intersects with the wind (working fluid) W flowing along the ground F.
The vertical axis wind power generator 1 has no dependency on the wind direction, and the windmill 10 can rotate with respect to the wind W from any direction. Therefore, power generation is possible even when the wind direction fluctuates depending on the season and time zone.

  The vertical axis wind power generator 1 is mainly composed of a support column 2 fixed so as to stand perpendicular to the ground F and a windmill unit 5 installed on the support column 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the windmill unit 5 includes a windmill (impeller) 10 that rotates by receiving the wind W, a rotation main shaft 20 that is disposed at the rotation center of the windmill 10 and rotates together with the windmill 10, and the rotation main shaft 20. A power generation unit 30 that generates electric power using the rotation of the motor, and a stator drive unit that translates the stator (coil stator 34) of the power generation unit 30 in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotary spindle 20 with respect to the mover (magnet rotor 32) 40 etc.
Further, the wind turbine unit 5 includes a casing 6 that houses a part of the rotating main shaft 20, the power generation unit 30, the stator driving unit 40, and the like. Then, the bottom surface of the casing 6 is fixed to the upper end surface of the column 2.

The windmill 10 is a gyromill type windmill that rotates by using lift generated in the blades. That is, the windmill 10 has a plurality of blade blades 11 arranged in parallel to the rotation main shaft 20. The plurality of blade blades 11 are arranged at equal angular intervals at the same radius position on the outer peripheral side of the rotary main shaft 20. In the present embodiment, the wind turbine 10 has five blade blades 11.
Each blade blade 11 is fixed to the rotation main shaft 20 at both ends via a pair of blade supports 12 connected orthogonally to the rotation main shaft 20.

  Each blade 11 is formed in a shape that generates lift when receiving wind W. Since lift generated in each blade blade 11 is generated in a direction intersecting with the radial direction of the rotary main shaft 20, the wind turbine 10 rotates in a certain direction by this lift.

  One end side of the rotating main shaft (rotating shaft) 20 disposed at the rotation center of the windmill 10 extends downward (ground) side from the windmill 10 (blade blade 11). And the part extended toward the downward side among the rotation main shafts 20 is accommodated rotatably with respect to the casing 6.

  The casing 6 is a cylindrical member whose radius changes in two stages. A small-diameter cylindrical first casing 7 that supports a part of the rotary main shaft 20 via a plurality of bearings 9, and a lower part of the first casing 7. A large-diameter cylindrical second casing 8 that accommodates the power generation unit 30 and the stator driving unit 40 on the side is formed.

The power generation unit 30 generates electric power by converting the rotational force obtained by the rotation of the rotary main shaft 20. The power generation unit 30 is connected to the lower end of the rotary main shaft 20 on the lower side inside the second casing 8.
The power generation unit 30 includes a generator 31. The generator 31 includes a magnet rotor 32 that is connected to the rotary spindle 20 and rotates, and a coil stator 34 that is disposed so as to surround the outer periphery of the magnet rotor 32.
Then, the rotation of the windmill 10 is transmitted to the magnet rotor 32 via the rotation main shaft 20, and the magnet rotor 32 rotates coaxially with the windmill 10 and the rotation main shaft 20. Thereby, electromagnetic induction is generated between the coil stator 34 fixed to the second casing 8 and electric power is generated.

  The generator 31 is designed to output a rated power generation amount (for example, several kW) at a rated wind speed (for example, 10 m / s) and a rated rotation speed (for example, the windmill 10 rotates at 200 rpm). .

The stator drive unit (opposed area changing unit) 40 is configured to translate the coil stator 34 that is a stator of the generator 31 in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotary spindle 20 with respect to the magnet rotor 32 that is a mover. That is, by moving the magnet rotor 32 and the coil stator 34 relative to each other, the degree (meshing ratio) of the overlap (opposite area) of the coil stator 34 with respect to the magnetic field (magnetic field) formed by the magnet rotor 32 is changed steplessly. is there.
Thereby, the counter electromotive voltage coefficient of the generator 31 changes, and the rotation efficiency and power generation efficiency of the generator 31 can be improved.

The main reason for providing the stator drive unit 40 is to prevent a situation where the power generation efficiency of the generator 31 is lowered when the wind speed is lower than the rated wind speed.
That is, when the wind speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the energy of the wind W becomes insufficient compared with the output of the generator 31, and the rotational speed of the wind turbine 10 (rotary main shaft 20) is reduced. Therefore, the degree of overlap (meshing ratio) between the magnet rotor 32 and the coil stator 34 is changed to improve the rotational efficiency and power generation efficiency of the generator 31.

Specifically, the stator driving unit 40 is set up in parallel with the rotary main shaft 20 and is connected to one end of the ball screw 42 to rotate the screw shaft. 44 or the like.
Then, by driving the servo motor 44 and rotating the ball screw 42, the coil stator 34 moves in parallel along the ball screw 42.

The servo motor 44 has a rotary encoder 44a, and the current position of the coil stator 34 is obtained from the detection result (output pulse) of the rotary encoder 44a.
Further, since the position of the magnet rotor 32 is unchanged (fixed) with respect to the axial direction of the rotary main shaft 20, the degree of overlap (meshing) of the coil stator 34 with the magnet rotor 32 is determined based on the detection result of the rotary encoder 44a. Rate) is also required.

As shown in FIG. 2, the power generation unit 30 includes a power generator 31 (a magnet rotor 32 and a coil stator 34).
The power generation unit 30 is connected to the coil stator 34 of the generator 31 and is connected to a switching unit 35 that switches the connection method (series connection / parallel connection) of the coil group of the coil stator 34 and one end of the rotary spindle 20. A rotary encoder 36 that detects the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 (wind turbine 10), and a coil switching control unit 37 that outputs a control command to the switching unit 35 based on the detection result (output pulse) of the rotary encoder 36. Prepare.
Further, a rectifier circuit 38 and a battery 39 are connected to the switching unit 35 in series. Note that a DC / AC inverter (not shown) is connected to the battery 39 so that the power charged in the battery 39 can be used.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining switching of the connection method of the generator 31 by the switching unit 35. FIG. 3 shows only the U-phase circuit configuration in the switching unit 35.
The power generation unit 30 is a three-phase AC generator. That is, on the outer peripheral side of the magnet rotor 32, a plurality of coils L are arranged on the same radial position, for example, at equal angular intervals.
Specifically, the coil stator 34 has 24 coils L. That is, it has coils U1 to LU8 for U phase, coils LV1 to LV8 for V phase, and coils LW1 to LW8 for W phase.

The switching unit (variable transformation unit) 35 includes a plurality of switches SW (SW1 to SW21) in order to connect the U-phase coils LU1 to LU8 in series or in parallel.
As shown in FIG. 3, eight coils LU1 to LU8 are arranged side by side. The switches SW8 to SW14 are connected in series between the coils LU1 to LU8 one by one.

  One end of the switches SW1 to SW7 is connected in parallel to one output end side of the coil LU1. The other ends of the switches SW1 to SW7 are connected to the first output ends of the coils LU2 to LU8. For example, the other end side of the switch SW1 is connected to the first output end side (between the switch SW8 and the coil LU2) of the coil LU2.

  Further, one end of the switches SW15 to SW21 is connected in parallel to the other output end side of the coil LU8. The other ends of the switches SW15 to SW21 are connected to the second output ends of the coils LU1 to LU7. For example, the other end side of the switch SW15 is connected to the second output end side (between the coil LU1 and the switch SW8) of the coil LU1.

  Accordingly, when all the switches SW8 to SW14 of the switching unit 35 are turned on (connected) and all the remaining switches SW1 to SW7 and SW15 to SW21 are turned off (disconnected), the coils LU1 to LU8 for the U phase of the coil stator 34 are Are connected in series (first connection state).

  Next, when the switch SW11 is turned off and the switches SW4 and SW18 are turned on (connected) from the first connection state described above, the coils LU1 to LU4 and the coils LU5 to LU8 are connected in series and the coils LU1 to LU4, respectively. The coils LU5 to LU8 are connected in parallel (second connection state).

  Furthermore, when the switches SW9, 13 are turned OFF and the switches SW2, 6, 16, 20 are turned ON (connected) from the second connection state described above, the coils LU1 to LU2, the coils LU3 to LU4, the coils LU5 to LU6, the coil LU7 to LU8 are connected in series, and coils LU1 to LU2, coils LU3 to LU4, coils LU5 to LU6, and coils LU7 to LU8 are connected in parallel (third connection state).

  When the switches SW8, 10, 12, and 14 are turned off from the third connection state described above, and the switches SW1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 17, 19, and 21 are turned on (connected), the coils LU1 to LU8. Are connected in parallel (fourth connection state).

As described above, the switching unit 35 selectively turns on / off the plurality of switches SW1 to SW21 to connect the U-phase coils LU1 to LU8 of the coil stator 34 in series or in parallel. Connections and parallel connections can be mixed.
The switching unit 35 performs switching of the V-phase coils LV1 to LV8 and the W-phase coils LW1 to LW8 in the same manner at the same time as switching of the U-phase coils LU1 to LU8. That is, for example, when the U-phase coils LU1 to LU8 are connected in series, the V-phase coils LV1 to LV8 and the W-phase coils LW1 to LW8 are also connected in series.

  Then, as described above, the generated voltage obtained from the generator 31 by connecting the coils LU1 to LU8, LV1 to LV8, and LW1 to LW8 of the coil stator 34 in series or in parallel by the switching unit 35. Can be changed.

As described above, the coil switching control unit 37 such as a PLC is connected to the switching unit 35, and the coil switching control is performed according to the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 (magnet rotor 32) detected by the rotary encoder 36. A coil L switching command (control command) is received from the unit 37.
That is, a control command is issued from the coil switching control unit 37 to the switching unit 35 in accordance with the rotation speed of the magnet rotor 32. In other words, a control command is issued from the coil switching control unit 37 to the switching unit 35 so that the generated voltage of the generator 31 is within a desired voltage range.
The first connection state to the fourth connection state described above are stored in the storage unit of the coil switching control unit 37, and a command corresponding to the first connection state to the fourth connection state is issued to the switching unit 35.

Next, the operation of the vertical axis wind power generator 1 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the meshing rate of the generator 31 with respect to the wind speed.
In the vertical axis type wind power generator 1, the stator driving unit 40 causes the coil stator 34 of the generator 31 to move in parallel with the magnet rotor 32 in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotary main shaft 20, so that the magnet rotor 32 and the coil stator 34 are moved. The power generation efficiency of the power generator 31 is improved by changing the meshing rate. That is, the output of the generator 31 is matched with the energy of the wind W.

  As shown in the relational line of FIG. 4, as the cut-in wind power (for example, wind speed 2 m / s) at which power generation is started toward the cut-out wind power (for example, wind speed 15 m / s) at which the generator 31 is stopped, The stator drive unit 40 is controlled so that the meshing rate is also increased. That is, the meshing rate is, for example, 20% at the time of cut-in wind power, 70% at the time of low rating, and 80% at the time of cut-out wind power. That is, the meshing rate of the generator 31 is set to gradually increase as the wind speed (the number of rotations of the rotating main shaft 20) increases.

It should be noted that the relationship between the wind speed and the meshing rate of the generator 31 is not limited to the case where it changes in proportion as shown by the relationship straight line in FIG. For example, the relationship line may be a quadratic curve or a higher-order curve.
Further, the engagement rate at the time of cut-in wind power and cut-out wind power can be appropriately changed according to the specifications of the wind turbine 10 and the generator 31.

The stator driving unit 40 detects the rotational speed (for example, about 30 rpm) of the rotary spindle 20 by the rotary encoder 36 at the time of cut-in wind power, that is, for example, when the wind speed reaches about 2 m / s.
Then, based on the output of the rotary encoder 36, the servo motor 44 is driven by a command from the control unit 45, the ball screw 42 is rotated, and the coil stator 34 is translated along the ball screw 42. Then, the coil stator 34 is moved and positioned so that the meshing rate of the generator 31 is 20%.
Thereafter, the coil stator 34 is translated by the servo motor 44 according to the change in the wind speed, and the meshing rate of the generator 31 is changed.

Note that the wind speed and the rotational speed of the wind turbine 10 (rotary main shaft 20) do not necessarily correspond one to one. This is because the windmill 10 has an inertial force, so even if the wind speed changes, the rotation of the windmill 10 changes with a delay (time lag occurs).
For this reason, the control part 45 controls the stator drive part 40, for example using the average value of the rotation speed about 1 to 10 minutes as a rotation speed of the rotating main shaft 20. That is, even when the wind speed changes irregularly every moment, the high frequency fluctuation is cut off, and the stator driving unit 40 is controlled corresponding to only the low frequency fluctuation. Thereby, control of the stator drive part 40 can be stabilized.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 and the generated voltage of the generator 31.
As described above, the stator drive unit 40 translates the coil stator 34 by the servo motor 44 in accordance with the change in the wind speed, and changes the meshing rate of the generator 31.
In parallel with this, the power generation unit 30 selectively turns on / off the plurality of switches SW of the switching unit 35 to change the power generation voltage obtained from the generator 31.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the connection of the plurality of switches SW of the switching unit 35 is switched to the above-described four connection states (first connection state to fourth connection state). As a result, the power generation voltage of the generator 31 is changed in a stepwise manner, and is adjusted so as not to be greatly separated from the rated charging voltage (for example, 80 V) of the battery 39 between the cut-in wind power and the cut-out wind power.

First, when the rotation speed of the rotating spindle 20 is 0 to about 50 rpm or less, the power generation unit 30 sets the plurality of switches SW of the switching unit 35 to the first connection state. That is, the eight coils L of each phase of the coil stator 34 are connected in series.
That is, in the U phase, all the switches SW8 to SW14 of the switching unit 35 are turned on (connected), and at the same time, the remaining switches SW1 to SW7 and SW15 to SW21 are all turned off (disconnected). Thereby, the coils LU1 to LU8 are connected in series.

At this time, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 changes as shown by a curve M1 in FIG. Specifically, when cut-in wind power (for example, wind speed of 2 m / s, rotation speed of the rotary spindle 20 is 30 rpm), the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC 40V.
When the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 is increased to about 50 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 becomes 120 V AC with the change in the meshing rate of the generator 31 by the stator driving unit 40.
That is, during this time, the meshing rate of the generator 31 by the stator drive unit 40 changes according to the relationship line shown in FIG.

And when the rotation speed of the rotating main shaft 20 reaches about 50 to 90 rpm, the power generation unit 30 sets the plurality of switches SW of the switching unit 35 to the second connection state. That is, four coils L of each phase of the coil stator 34 are connected in series, and these four (two sets) are connected in parallel.
In other words, in the U phase, the switches SW4, SW8 to SW10, SW12 to SW14, and SW18 are turned on (connected), and the remaining switches SW1 to SW3, SW5 to SW7, SW11, SW15 to SW17, and SW19 to SW21 are all turned off. (Cut).
Accordingly, the coils LU1 to LU4 and the coils LU5 to LU8 are connected in series, and the coils LU1 to LU4 and the coils LU5 to LU8 are connected in parallel.

At this time, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 changes as shown by a curve M2 in FIG.
Specifically, when the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 is about 60 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC 70V. Further, when the rotation speed of the rotation spindle 20 is about 90 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC 120V.
Also during this time, the meshing rate of the generator 31 by the stator drive unit 40 changes according to the relationship line shown in FIG.

And when the rotation speed of the rotation main shaft 20 becomes about 90-140 rpm, the electric power generation part 30 will make several switch SW of the switching part 35 into a 3rd connection state. That is, the eight coils L of each phase of the coil stator 34 are connected in series, and the two (four sets) are connected in parallel.
That is, in the U phase, the switches SW2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 are turned on (connected) and the remaining switches SW1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, and 21 are all turned off (disconnected).
As a result, the coils LU1 to LU2, coils LU3 to LU4, coils LU5 to LU6, and coils LU7 to LU8 are connected in series, and the coils LU1 to LU2, coils LU3 to LU4, coils LU5 to LU6, and coils LU7 to LU8 are connected. Connected in parallel.

At this time, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 changes as shown by a curve M3 in FIG.
Specifically, when the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 is about 100 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC 70V. Further, when the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 is about 140 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is 120 VAC.
Also during this time, the meshing rate of the generator 31 by the stator drive unit 40 changes according to the relationship line shown in FIG.

And if the rotation speed of the rotating main shaft 20 becomes about 140 rpm or more, the electric power generation part 30 will make several switch SW of the switching part 35 into a 4th connection state. That is, the eight coils L of each phase of the coil stator 34 are connected in parallel.
That is, in the U phase, the switches SW1 to SW7 and SW15 to SW21 are turned on (connected) and all the remaining switches SW8 to SW14 are turned off (disconnected).
As a result, the coils LU1 to LU8 are connected in parallel.

At this time, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 changes as shown by a curve M4 in FIG.
Specifically, when the rotation speed of the rotary spindle 20 is about 150 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC 60V. At the time of rating, that is, when the rotation speed of the rotary spindle 20 is about 170 rpm, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC80V. Then, when the cut-out wind force (for example, the wind speed is 15 m / s, the rotation speed of the rotary spindle 20 is 200 rpm), the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is AC 100V.
Also during this time, the meshing rate of the generator 31 by the stator drive unit 40 changes according to the relationship line shown in FIG.

When the wind speed decreases, that is, when the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 decreases, the plurality of switches SW of the switching unit 35 are changed stepwise from the fourth connection state to the first connection state. When the wind speed fluctuates, the state is changed from the first connection state to any one of the fourth connection states.
Therefore, the output voltage of the switching unit 35 is maintained between 40 V and 120 V, for example, regardless of the fluctuation of the wind speed.

As described above, the vertical axis wind power generator 1 switches the plurality of switches SW of the switching unit 35 from the first connection state to any one of the fourth connection states according to the wind speed, The power generation voltage of the generator 31 can be maintained between 40V and 120V, for example.
Thereby, regardless of the change in the wind speed, the fluctuation range of the output voltage of the generator 31 is adjusted (controlled) so as to be within a certain range, so that the battery 39 can be charged stably. That is, the output voltage of the generator 31 can be used effectively.

In particular, the battery 39 can be stably charged by including the stator drive unit 40 and the switching unit 35.
That is, when only the stator driving unit 40 is provided as in the prior art, the change width of the output voltage of the generator 31 becomes very large, and the problem that the battery 39 cannot be stably charged can be solved. .
In other words, since the vertical axis wind power generator 1 includes the stator drive unit 40 and the switching unit 35 at the same time, it is possible to improve both the power generation efficiency of the power generator 31 and the stabilization of the power generation voltage. Thereby, the generated voltage of the generator 31 can be used effectively.

  Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the switching unit 35 is controlled based on the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 20 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The generated voltage of the generator 31 may be detected, and the switching unit 35 may be controlled based on this voltage change. That is, a voltage sensor may be connected to the output side of the switching unit 35, and the switching unit 35 may be controlled by the coil switching control unit 37 according to the detection result of the voltage sensor.
In this case, the low-voltage side threshold is set to 40 V, and the high-voltage side threshold is set to 120 V, and the switching unit 35 is controlled by the coil switching control unit 37.

  Further, the meshing rate of the generator 31 may be detected, and the switching unit 35 may be controlled based on this meshing rate. That is, instead of the rotary encoder 36, the rotary encoder 44a of the stator drive unit 40 may be used. That is, the switching unit 35 may be controlled by the coil switching control unit 37 in accordance with the detection result of the rotary encoder 44a.

The position sensor for detecting the position of the coil stator 34 with respect to the magnet rotor 32 is not limited to the rotary encoder 44a but may be a linear scale (linear encoder).
A plurality of proximity switches that operate according to the position of the coil stator 34 with respect to the magnet rotor 32 may be used. Further, a length measuring sensor (an optical sensor, an ultrasonic sensor) that measures the position of the coil stator 34 with a laser beam or the like may be used.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the battery 39 is connected to the output side of the switching unit 35 via the rectifier circuit 38 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Instead of the battery 39 and the DC / AC inverter, a power conditioner may be connected. In particular, when the output voltage of the generator 31 is large, it is preferable to use a power conditioner.

  Further, instead of the switching unit 35, a variable transformer (variable transformer unit) such as an autotransformer may be used. That is, the generator 31 is connected to the primary side (winding) of the variable transformer, and the rectifier circuit 38 is connected to the secondary side (movable slider in contact with the winding). For example, the output voltage may be changed by driving an actuator or the like connected to the movable slider based on the number of rotations of the rotary spindle 20.

  Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the vertical axis wind power generator has been described, but it may be a horizontal axis wind power generator.

  Further, the vertical axis wind power generator (vertical axis wind turbine) is not limited to the gyromill type. A Darrieus type, a straight wing type, a Savonius type, a paddle type, a cross flow type, an S type rotor type, or the like may be used.

  The working fluid is not limited to wind power but may be hydraulic. That is, the present invention can be applied to a hydroelectric generator.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vertical axis | shaft type wind power generator (fluid power generator), 10 ... Windmill (impeller), 20 ... Rotation main shaft (rotary shaft), 31 ... Generator, 32 ... Magnet rotor (movable element), 34 ... Coil stator ( Stator), 35 ... Switching unit (variable transformer), 36 ... Rotary encoder (rotation speed detection sensor), 37 ... Coil switching control unit, 40 ... Stator drive unit (opposed area changing unit), 44a ... Rotary encoder (position) Sensor), L ... Coil, SW ... Switch, W ... Wind (working fluid), F ... Ground

Claims (6)

An impeller rotating by the movement of the working fluid;
A rotating shaft that rotates with the impeller;
A generator for generating electric power by converting a rotational force obtained by rotation of the rotary shaft;
A variable transformer that connects to the generator and transforms the generated voltage of the generator into a desired voltage range;
An opposed area changing unit that relatively moves the stator and the mover of the generator to change the opposed area of the stator and the mover,
A fluid power generation apparatus comprising:   2. The fluid power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the variable transformation unit is a switching unit that switches a connection method of a plurality of coils included in the generator.   The fluid power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the switching unit switches the connection method of the plurality of coils to any one of a plurality of connection states.   4. The switching unit according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit switches a connection method of the plurality of coils based on a detection result of a rotation speed detection sensor that detects a rotation speed of the rotation shaft. The fluid power generation device according to one item.   The fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the switching unit switches a connection method of the plurality of coils based on a detection result of a voltage sensor connected to an output side. Power generation device.   The switching unit switches a connection method of the plurality of coils based on a detection result of a position sensor that detects a relative position between the stator and the mover. The fluid power generation device according to any one of claims.

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