JP2011255501A - Punching device and punching system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a punching device having a small-sized and lightweight punching head, and capable of performing high speed punching and preventing the generation of a treatment defect by the instant determination of the generation of the breakage of punching pins, and to provide a punching system using the punching device.SOLUTION: The punching device 1 includes: a punching head 10; a lower die 18; a sending mechanism for sending a body to be treated 21; and a fixing mechanism of the body to be treated, holding the body to be treated 21 that is sent. The punching head 10 has a structure where punching elements 11 including layered type piezoelectric elements 12, displacement expansion mechanisms 13 and the punching pins 14 are arranged in a row. The displacement expansion mechanism 13 has: a holding part 32 interposing the layered type piezoelectric element 12; two leg members 34 connected to the holding part 32; and a leaf spring 35 which straddles to be installed between nearly tips of the leg members 34 and to the center of which the punching pins 14 are attached. The leaf spring 35 linearly displaces the punching pins 14 accompanied by the opening/closing of the leg members 34.

Description

  The present invention relates to a punching apparatus and a punching system for punching a predetermined position of a ceramic green sheet or a resin sheet.

  In recent years, with the downsizing, higher functionality, and weight reduction of mobile phones, digital cameras, laptop computers, etc., the diameter of through holes formed in ceramic chips and flexible cables (flexible substrates) used in these devices has been reduced. There is a strong demand for higher density and higher accuracy. Conventionally, punching of a flexible substrate made by coating copper or the like on the surface of a ceramic green sheet or a polyimide resin film used for manufacturing a ceramic chip, for example, attaching one punch pin as one electromagnetic coil as a punch head This is done by using a punching device in which the head elements are two-dimensionally arranged vertically and horizontally. In addition, an apparatus using a head element that drives a punch pin by expanding the displacement of a piezoelectric element instead of an electromagnetic coil has been proposed.

  However, in a punch head in which head elements using electromagnetic coils or piezoelectric elements are two-dimensionally arranged, an increase in size and weight is inevitable, and there is a problem that the punching apparatus itself is increased in size.

  When such a large punch head is used, a fixing mechanism for the object to be processed and an up-and-down moving mechanism for contacting / separating the punch head to the object to be processed must be provided separately. As a result, the drive system becomes complicated, and there arises a problem that a loss time between sequentially driving a plurality of drive mechanisms hinders high-speed processing.

  Conventionally, the punch pin breakage is detected by detecting the state of the projecting surface of the punch pin in contact with the object to be processed by an optical sensor or the like. Since the interval between them is narrow, it is difficult to detect the breakage of the punch pins in real time while drilling. Therefore, when the punch head is separated from the workpiece to inspect the state of the punch pin, naturally the punching operation is stopped, and if the punch pin is broken, the punch pin has been processed so far. In addition, there is a problem that the object to be processed becomes a defective product.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a punching apparatus that can punch at high speed by reducing the size and weight of the punch head. It is another object of the present invention to provide a punching device that enables high-speed drilling by integrating a drive mechanism that can be integrated to simplify control. It is another object of the present invention to provide a punching apparatus that can prevent the occurrence of processing defects by instantaneously determining the occurrence of punch pin breakage. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a punching system using such a punching apparatus.

That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a punching apparatus for punching a predetermined position of a sheet-like workpiece, a multilayer piezoelectric element, a displacement magnification mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and the displacement magnification. A punch head in which a predetermined number of punch elements made of punch pins attached to a mechanism are closely contacted and arranged in one direction; and a lower mold that fits with a tip clearance of the punch pin with a predetermined clearance when the punch pin protrudes A feed mechanism that feeds the object to be processed in one direction; and a target object fixing mechanism that holds the object to be processed sent by the feed mechanism at a predetermined position. A holding part for holding the piezoelectric element in the extension direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element and a connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum, the extension displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element is supported. Two leg members that open and close so as to be converted into a rotational displacement around, and a leaf spring that is straddled between substantially the distal ends of these leg members and to which a punch pin is attached at the center, A punching device is provided in which the punch pin is displaced so as to be linearly uniaxially aligned with the length direction of the leg pin as the leg member is opened and closed.
Here, the workpiece fixing mechanism section is preferably composed of a pressing plate for pressing and fixing the workpiece and a lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the pressing plate.

  In addition, according to the present invention, there is provided a punching apparatus for punching a predetermined position of a sheet-like workpiece, a multilayer piezoelectric element, a displacement magnification mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and the displacement magnification A punch head in which a predetermined number of punch elements made of punch pins attached to a mechanism are closely contacted and arranged in one direction; and a lower mold that fits with a tip clearance of the punch pin with a predetermined clearance when the punch pin protrudes A feed mechanism that feeds the object to be processed in one direction, and a guide that fixes the object to be processed sent by the feed mechanism at a predetermined position and that fits with the punch pin with a predetermined clearance. A pressing plate having the punch head disposed on the upper surface so as to penetrate the inside, and an elevating mechanism for moving the pressing plate up and down. The magnifying mechanism includes a holding part that holds the laminated piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the laminated piezoelectric element, and a connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum, and the expansion displacement of the laminated piezoelectric element around the fulcrum. Two leg members that open and close so as to be converted into rotational displacement, and a leaf spring that is straddled between substantially the distal ends of the leg members and to which a punch pin is attached at the center. A punching device is provided in which the punch pin is displaced so as to be linearly uniaxially displaced in the length direction in accordance with opening and closing of the member.

  In the punching apparatus having the above-described configuration, a punch element having a flat plate structure and a punch head having a structure in which the flat plate punch elements are densely arranged in one row in the thickness direction is preferably used. Although such a punch head is composed of a plurality of punch elements, since the punch elements are thin, it can be made small and light.

  According to the present invention, there is further provided a punching apparatus for perforating a predetermined position of a sheet-like object to be processed, a multilayer piezoelectric element, a displacement magnification mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and the displacement magnification. A punch element comprising a punch pin attached to the mechanism; a lower die that fits with a tip of the punch pin at a predetermined clearance when the punch pin protrudes; a feed mechanism that feeds the workpiece in one direction; and the feed A pressing plate that fixes the object to be processed sent by the mechanism at a predetermined position; and an elevating mechanism that moves the pressing plate up and down. The punch element is disposed on the pressing plate and integrated with the pressing plate. And a guide that is fitted to the punch pin with a predetermined clearance is formed on the pressing plate. The structure rotates a rotation of the multilayer piezoelectric element around the fulcrum with a holding portion that holds the multilayer piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element and a connecting portion connected to the holding portion as a fulcrum. Two leg members that open and close so as to be converted into displacement, and a leaf spring that is straddled between substantially the distal ends of the leg members and to which a punch pin is attached at the center, and the leaf spring includes the leg member A punching device is provided in which the punch pin is displaced so as to have a linear uniaxial displacement that coincides with the length direction of the punch pin.

  Conventionally, the punch head and the pressing plate are configured as separate bodies, and each has a lifting mechanism for contacting / separating from the workpiece. However, in the punching apparatus, the punch head and the pressing plate are integrated. It is possible to adopt a structure, which makes it possible to increase the processing speed by using only one lifting mechanism for contacting / separating from the object to be processed.

  In the punching apparatus of the present invention, the displacement enlarging mechanism includes a holding part that holds the laminated piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the laminated piezoelectric element, and an extension of the laminated piezoelectric element using the connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum. Two leg members that open and close so as to convert the displacement into a rotational displacement around a fulcrum, and a leaf spring that is straddled between the substantially distal ends of the leg members and to which a punch pin is attached at the center, The leaf spring is structured to displace the punch pin so as to be linearly uniaxially displaced in the length direction as the leg member is opened and closed.

  Thus, the point that the displacement of the punch pin becomes a linear displacement in the length direction of the punch pin is a feature not found in other displacement enlarging mechanisms. In general, when the displacement expansion is performed based on the lever principle, the expanded displacement is a rotational motion around a certain rotation center. However, in the case of the punching device of the present invention, it is added to the punch pin along with the punching operation. Since the force is very large, when the punch pin is driven by a rotational motion, the punch pin often buckles.

Now, when the punching operation is repeated, the wear rate of the punch pin is generally large, and therefore, it is necessary to replace the punch pin with tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of shots. On the other hand, the life of the displacement magnifying mechanism ranges from several hundred million to several billion shots, and the number of shots between the life of the punch pin and the displacement magnifying mechanism varies from 10 ³ to 10 ⁴ times. Therefore, it is preferable that only the punch pin can be easily replaced without replacing the entire punch element, because the apparatus cost and running cost are reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, a structure in which the punch pin is screwed and fixed to the leaf spring of the displacement magnifying mechanism is preferably used. In this case, replacement work when the punch pin is broken is easy.

  The energy required for drilling is proportional to the product of the length of the outer periphery of the hole formed in the object to be processed and the thickness of the object to be processed. However, the laminated piezoelectric element, which is the source of this energy, The size is proportional to the area of the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element, that is, the area of the displacement surface. Also, as described above, even if the punch elements are brought into close contact with each other, it is not possible to punch with a pitch less than the thickness of the punch element in one punching operation. This is desirable because it can be easily handled. Therefore, the laminated piezoelectric element has a rectangular shape that is extremely long in one direction and has a predetermined shape in order to secure a required displacement surface area within the limits of the punch element thickness requirement. In order to obtain the displacement, it is necessary to have an appropriate height, but the generated displacement of the laminated piezoelectric element having such a shape is not uniform over the entire displacement surface due to the Poisson's ratio, and the central portion of the displacement surface Only a large displacement will occur, which is not desirable.

  Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, a method of arranging a plurality of stacked piezoelectric elements in parallel is preferably used in the present invention. That is, in the punch element, the stacked piezoelectric elements are arranged in parallel so as to be displaced by the same amount in the same direction, and the generated energy is changed without changing the displacement amount of the punch pin by changing the number of the arranged piezoelectric elements. This makes it possible to drill a wide range of materials by changing the limit thickness or material of the object to be drilled. Also, by disposing a different number of stacked piezoelectric elements in the same-shaped displacement magnifying mechanism, different displacements of generated energy can be achieved without changing the structure of other parts of the punching device. Replacement to the enlargement mechanism can be easily performed.

  In the punching apparatus of the present invention, as the feeding mechanism, a mechanism that intermittently feeds the object to be processed in one direction is preferably used, and positioning in a direction orthogonal to the feeding direction is not necessary. Thus, it is not necessary to perform complicated positioning control in the XY direction of the conventional object to be processed, and the control system is simplified. Further, by configuring the punch head, the pressing plate, and the lower mold so as to be slidable in a direction orthogonal to the feeding direction of the object to be processed, drilling can be performed at any position of the object to be processed.

  By the way, the laminated piezoelectric element is not only a driving element but also a sensor for detecting pressure. Utilizing such characteristics of the multilayer piezoelectric element, a current circuit and / or voltage waveform during actual operation of the multilayer piezoelectric element is detected in a drive circuit for driving the multilayer piezoelectric element and measured in advance. By comparing the current waveform and / or voltage waveform of the laminated piezoelectric element obtained during normal punching without breaking the punch pin, a monitoring circuit that detects the breakage of the punch pin can be used to detect the punch pin breakage in real time. It becomes possible to detect, and it becomes possible to prevent the perforation defect to a to-be-processed object.

  By using a punching apparatus having the above characteristics, it is possible to provide a punching system that is small and excellent in controllability. That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a punching system for perforating a sheet-like object to be processed, the unwinding being arranged so as to be rotatable so that the unprocessed object to be wound is fed in one direction. A punching portion that punches a predetermined position of the workpiece, a feed portion that feeds an unprocessed workpiece from the unwinding portion to the punching portion in one direction, and a workpiece punched in the punching portion. A winding portion having a winding mechanism for winding the processing body, and the punch portion is attached to the stacked piezoelectric element, a displacement expanding mechanism for expanding the generated displacement of the stacked piezoelectric element, and the displacement expanding mechanism A punch head in which a predetermined number of punch elements made of punch pins are arranged in close contact with each other and a tip of the punch pin when the punch pin protrudes are fitted with a predetermined clearance. A lower mold and a workpiece to be processed fed by the feeding portion are fixed at a predetermined position, and a guide that fits with the punch pin with a predetermined clearance is formed, and the guide is formed on the upper surface so as to penetrate the guide. A pressing plate provided with a punch head; and an elevating mechanism for moving the pressing plate up and down, wherein the displacement enlarging mechanism is configured to hold the stacked piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the stacked piezoelectric element. Two leg members that open and close so as to convert the extension displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element into a rotational displacement around the fulcrum, with the linking part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum, and the substantially distal ends of these leg members A leaf spring that is straddled between and a punch pin is attached to the center, and the leaf spring is aligned with the length of the punch pin in accordance with the opening and closing of the leg member. Punching system, characterized in that to displace such that the direction displacement, are provided.

  According to the punching apparatus of the present invention, since a small and lightweight punch head in which a plurality of flat plate punch elements are arranged in a row is used, the punching apparatus is reduced in size and weight. As a result, the punching system using the punching device can be reduced in size and weight. In addition, the lifting and lowering operation of the pressing plate for pressing the punch head and the workpiece is performed using a single lifting mechanism, which simplifies the structure of the device and enables drilling at a higher speed than before. This improves production efficiency and simplifies drive control. Furthermore, the displacement enlarging mechanism converts the expansion displacement of the laminated piezoelectric element into a rotational displacement that opens and closes the leg member, and further converts the punch pin into a linear uniaxial displacement that matches the length direction of the punch pin via a leaf spring. As a result, the punch pin is less likely to buckle. Furthermore, by using the piezoelectric element that drives the punch pin as a punch pin breakage detection sensor, it is possible to determine the occurrence of punch pin breakage in real time, thereby preventing the occurrence of drilling defects and improving production efficiency. Various effects can be obtained.

The front view which shows one Embodiment of the punching apparatus of this invention. The top view which shows the structure of the punch element used for the punch head of the punching apparatus of this invention. Explanatory drawing which compared the voltage waveform and current waveform of the piezoelectric element used for the punching apparatus of this invention by the presence or absence of to-be-processed object. The side view which shows one Embodiment of the punching system of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a punching device and a punching system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a punching apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the punch element 11. In FIG. The vertical direction is defined as the Z direction, and the direction orthogonal to both the Y direction and the Z direction is defined as the X direction. A punch head 10 used in the punching apparatus 1 includes a laminated piezoelectric element 12, a displacement enlarging mechanism 13 that enlarges a generated displacement of the piezoelectric element 12, and a predetermined number of punch elements 11 that are formed by punch pins 14 attached to the displacement enlarging mechanism 13. Are closely arranged and arranged in one row.

  The laminated piezoelectric element 12 disposed in the punch element 11 is formed by alternately laminating piezoelectric bodies and metal electrodes, and the metal electrodes are connected every other layer to form a pair of polarizing and driving electrodes. The piezoelectric body causes a 33-mode longitudinal displacement and expands in the stacking direction by applying a predetermined voltage so that an electric field is applied to the drive electrode in the same direction as the polarization direction. It is.

  In the present invention, an integrally fired piezoelectric element using piezoelectric ceramics that can obtain a predetermined large displacement with a small voltage is preferably used. The piezoelectric element 12 is smaller and lighter than the electromagnetic coil, which promotes a reduction in size and weight of the punch head 10. In addition, the piezoelectric element 12 can be driven at a high speed at a higher frequency than the electromagnetic coil, and is excellent in responsiveness. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 12 is suitable for high speed operation. Moreover, since the electrical / mechanical energy conversion efficiency is high, the power consumption is small, and the running cost can be kept low.

  The piezoelectric elements 12 are arranged in two series and three parallels in FIG. That is, the two piezoelectric elements 12 connected in series in the extending direction (Z direction) have a planar arrangement in which three rows are arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction (X direction). The number of piezoelectric elements 12 connected in series is set so that the punch pin 14 can protrude by a predetermined length by the displacement magnifying mechanism 13. If the displacement amount of one piezoelectric element 12 is large, the number of serial connections is 1, that is, in the series direction. On the contrary, if the displacement amount of one piezoelectric element 12 is small, the number of series connections may be two or more.

  Even if the number of parallel connections of the piezoelectric elements 12 is changed, the amount of displacement does not change as long as the number of series connections is the same, so the protruding length of the punch pin 14 does not change. However, if the number of parallel connections is increased, the generated energy generated by the displacement of the piezoelectric element 12 increases accordingly, so that the punch pin 14 can be protruded with a larger force. Accordingly, by increasing the number of the piezoelectric elements 12 arranged in parallel, it is possible to drill a thicker material when the workpieces are made of the same material, and to drill a harder material when the processed material is the same thickness. Is possible.

  Thus, since the shape of the displacement enlarging mechanism 13 is the same even if the number of the piezoelectric elements 12 to be arranged is changed, punches having different generated energies can be obtained without changing the structure of other parts of the punching device 1 at all. It is possible to configure the punch head 10 using the element 11. Further, when a plurality of piezoelectric elements 12 are arranged in parallel and used, a single piezoelectric element whose displacement surface is a rectangle that is extremely long in the X direction and short in the Y direction is used. In comparison, the uniformity of displacement in the piezoelectric element 12 is ensured, which is preferable. As shown in FIG. 2, when the piezoelectric element 12 is connected using the first connection jig 31a and the second connection jig 31b for connecting the piezoelectric elements 12 in series and parallel, the first connection jig is used. It is possible to cause the tool 31a to play a role of connecting the electrode of the piezoelectric element 12. In addition, by disposing the second connecting jig 31b, the displacement of the piezoelectric element 12 can be uniformly transmitted to the leg member 34 described later.

  Now, the displacement magnifying mechanism 13 has a holding portion 32 that holds the piezoelectric element 12 in the Z direction, which is the extension direction of the piezoelectric element. A hole for attaching a jig 15 that penetrates a bolt or the like and is tightened with a nut or the like in order to connect and arrange the plurality of displacement magnifying mechanisms 13 in the Y direction that is the thickness direction in the holding portion 32. 32a is formed.

  One end of the piezoelectric element 12 in the extending direction is fixed to a wide portion of the holding portion 32. On the other hand, at the other end of the piezoelectric element 12 in the extending direction, the two leg members 34 are connected by the holding portion 32 and the first connecting portion 33a, and are connected by the second connecting jig 31b and the second connecting portion 33b. Has been.

If displacing the piezoelectric element 12, the Z-direction displacement of the piezoelectric element 12 is transmitted to the linear leg member 34 in the Z direction in the second connecting portion 33b as shown by an arrow S _1, the first connecting portion the presence of 33a, the linear displacement in the Z-direction applied to the second connecting portion 33b, as indicated by the arrow S _2, is converted a first connecting portion 33a in the fulcrum of the rotational displacement in which a fulcrum. Thus, the Z-direction displacement of the piezoelectric element 12 is converted into a rotational displacement around the first connecting portion 33a, and the leg member 34 is opened. Naturally, when no voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 12, the leg member 34 returns to the closed state. That is, the leg member 34 opens and closes in response to driving of the piezoelectric element 12.

  A leaf spring 35 is straddled between the distal end portions of the leg members 34 (opposite sides of the first and second connecting portions 33a and 33b in the Z direction), and the punch pin 14 has a length at the center portion of the leaf spring 35. It is attached so that the vertical direction is the Z direction. Here, for example, a pedestal 36 is provided in the center of the leaf spring 35, while the punch pin 14 is formed integrally with or attached to a base 38 that can be attached and detached using the pedestal 36 and screws 37 or the like. Then, it becomes easy to attach the punch pin 14 when the punch element 11 is manufactured and to replace it when the punch pin 14 is worn or broken.

In particular, the wear rate of the punch pin when the punching operation is repeated is generally large, and therefore, the punch pin needs to be replaced after tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of shots. Since there are 1 billion shots, and the number of shots between the punch pin and the displacement expansion mechanism is 10 ³ to 10 ⁴ times longer, it is possible to replace only the punch pin 14 without replacing the entire punch element 11. If it exists, an apparatus cost and a running cost are reduced and it is preferable.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the leaf spring 35 is set so as to protrude by a predetermined distance from the joint point between the leg member 34 and the leaf spring 35 toward the piezoelectric element 12 when the leg member 34 is closed. . When the leg member 34 is opened by driving and extending the piezoelectric element 12, the predetermined distance is reduced so that the punch pin 14 protrudes, that is, the distance between the piezoelectric element 12 and the central portion of the leaf spring 35 is increased. To work. As the punch pin 14 protrudes in this manner, the workpiece 21 positioned in front of the tip end of the punch pin 14 is punched. Such a displacement enlarging mechanism 13 can not only obtain a large displacement by expanding the displacement of the piezoelectric element 12 in two stages, but also has a symmetrical structure with respect to the longitudinal axis of the punch pin 14. The punch pin 14 is characterized by a linear uniaxial displacement that coincides with the length direction of the punch pin 14. Therefore, the punch pin 14 is not buckled as compared with the case of using a displacement magnifying mechanism that directly uses a rotational displacement using a general lever principle.

  As the punch element 11 described above, for example, a piezoelectric element 12 having a shape with an X-direction width of 3 mm, a Y-direction thickness of 1.4 mm, and a Z-direction height of 9 mm is used, and the piezoelectric elements 12 are connected in series in the Z direction. The displacement magnifying mechanism 13 is connected in parallel, the thickness of the displacement magnifying mechanism 13 in the Y direction is 2 mm, and the piezoelectric element 12 is disposed within the thickness of the displacement magnifying mechanism 13. When 12 is driven at 100V, the punch pin 14 can be displaced by 350 μm.

  When a plurality of punch elements 11 formed in a flat plate shape with the Y direction as the thickness direction are arranged in the Y direction using the holes 32a of the displacement magnifying mechanism 13, they are arranged in different displacement magnifying mechanisms 13. Since the piezoelectric elements 12 do not contact each other, the punch elements 11 can be firmly fixed to each other. Further, by forming the punch elements 11 in a thin plate shape, a small and light punch head 10 can be obtained even when a plurality of punch elements 11 are arranged in a line in the Y direction using the holes 32a. Can do.

  Next, configurations other than the punch head 10 in the punching apparatus 1 will be described. The punch head 10 is disposed on the upper surface of a pressing plate 16 that presses and fixes the object to be processed with a predetermined pressure so that the object to be processed is fixed at the time of drilling. In order to realize such a structure, the pressing plate 16 is formed with a guide (not shown) that fits with the punch pin 14 with a predetermined clearance, and the punch pin 14 has, for example, a tip of the pressing plate 16. It is inserted into the guide so as to coincide with the lower surface.

  The pressing plate 16 is lifted and lowered by the lifting mechanism 17. Therefore, the punch head 10 is also lifted and lowered together with the pressing plate 16 by the lifting mechanism 17. Conventionally, since the punch head was large and heavy, a lifting mechanism for the pressing plate and a lifting mechanism for the punch head were separately provided, and a lifting operation that adjusted the mutual timing was necessary. In the invention, since the punch head 10 is small and light, it is possible to arrange the punch head 10 on the pressing plate 16 and to integrate the lifting mechanism, thereby simplifying the device configuration and controlling the device. It can be made simple.

  The tip of the punch pin 14 does not protrude from the lower surface of the pressing plate 16 and does not penetrate deeply into the pressing plate 16 so that the punch pin 14 is located at substantially the same position as the lower surface of the pressing plate 16. The raising / lowering gap can be reduced, thereby shortening the time required for raising / lowering the pressing plate 16 and enabling drilling at a higher speed.

  Below the pressing plate 16 is disposed a lower mold 18 in which a hole (not shown) that fits with the tip of the punch pin 14 with a predetermined clearance when the punch pin 14 protrudes is disposed. The portion punched out of the workpiece is dropped downward from the hole formed in the lower mold 18 and collected. Further, the lower mold 18 is provided with a guide column 19 so as to penetrate the pressing plate 16, and the vertical movement of the pressing plate 16 is more reliably performed by the guide column 19. .

  The punching apparatus 1 is provided with a feed mechanism (not shown) that feeds the workpiece 21 in a uniaxial direction so that the workpiece 21 for punching the upper surface of the lower mold 18 can move. . This feeding direction is preferably the X direction, and a feeding mechanism that feeds the workpiece 21 intermittently by a fixed distance according to the raising / lowering timing of the pressing plate 16 and the operation of the punch head 10 is preferably used. It is done. The to-be-processed object 21 has a sheet-like form, for example, can mention a ceramic green sheet, a resin sheet, etc., The thickness changes with materials.

  Such a simple feeding mechanism that moves the object 21 in one direction makes it easy to align the object 21 so that the object 21 has flexibility as in the past. It is not necessary to perform complicated control such as alignment of the workpiece 21 in the XY direction, which is difficult to perform, thereby simplifying the control system and shortening the alignment time. Note that, as shown in a punching system 50 described later, such a feed mechanism does not have to be disposed directly in the punching apparatus.

  When the above-described feed mechanism is used, if the position of the punch head 10 is fixed, drilling is possible only at the arrangement pitch of the punch elements 11 in the Y direction, and drilling is performed at an arbitrary position on the XY plane. Can not do. Therefore, in the punching device 1, the lower mold 18, the guide column 19, and the pressing plate are fixed in a state where the feeding mechanism is fixed and the workpiece 21 is always fed in the X direction without moving in the Y direction. 16. The entire punch head 10 is configured to be slidable in the Y direction by a Y direction moving mechanism using a servo motor or the like. Thereby, it becomes possible to perforate at an arbitrary position of the workpiece 21. The Y-direction moving mechanism may be configured to move only the punch head 10 in the Y direction. In this case, holes are formed in accordance with the movement pitch of the punch head 10 formed in the lower mold 18 in the Y direction.

  Next, a method for detecting breakage of the punch pin 14 that is preferably used in the punching apparatus 1 of the present invention will be described. The piezoelectric element 12 is a drive element that performs perforation and at the same time a sensor that detects pressure. In other words, when punching is performed by operating the piezoelectric element 12, when the punch pin 14 punches out the workpiece 21, a predetermined pressure is applied to the punch pin 14, but the punch pin 14 breaks and is covered. When the processing body 21 cannot be punched out, such pressure is not applied to the punch pins 14.

  Here, when a predetermined pressure is applied to the piezoelectric element 12, a voltage is generated in the piezoelectric element 12 according to the magnitude of the applied force. Therefore, when the voltage waveform and / or current waveform during driving of the piezoelectric element 12 is measured, the voltage waveform and / or current waveform of the piezoelectric element 12 varies depending on whether the punch pin 14 punches the workpiece 21 or not.

  3 shows a voltage waveform and a current waveform of the piezoelectric element 12 when a green sheet having a thickness of 70 μm is punched as the object to be processed 21, and the punch head 10 without arranging the object to be processed 21 on the lower mold 18. It is explanatory drawing which compared and showed the voltage waveform and electric current waveform of the piezoelectric element 12 in the case of what is called idling. In the current waveform, the size of the first and second valleys differs from the order in which they appear, and in the voltage waveform, there is a large difference in the appearance and size of the second peak and the size of the second valley. Is recognized.

  By utilizing the characteristics appearing in the current waveform and / or voltage waveform of the piezoelectric element 12, the current waveform and / or voltage waveform during actual operation of the piezoelectric element 12 is detected by the drive circuit that drives the piezoelectric element 12. If a circuit for comparing and monitoring the current waveform and / or voltage waveform of the piezoelectric element 12 obtained at the time of the punching operation performed normally without breaking on the previously measured punch pin 14 is provided, the punch pin 14 It becomes possible to detect breakage and to prevent a perforation failure in the workpiece 21. Such a method for detecting breakage of the punch pin 14 is a feature that is possible only when the piezoelectric element 12 to the punch pin 14 are integrally coupled.

  Next, a small punching system 50 having excellent controllability using the punching device 1 described above and a driving form thereof will be described with reference to a side view of FIG. The punching system 50 includes an unwinding unit 51 that is rotatably arranged so that the wound unprocessed object 21 is sent out in one direction, and a punching unit 53 that punches a predetermined position of the object 21. And a winding unit 57 that feeds the unprocessed object 21 from the unwinding part 51 to the punch part 53 in one direction, and a winding mechanism 57 that winds up the object 21 perforated in the punch part 53. Part 54.

  In the unwinding portion 51, an object to be processed 21 such as a green sheet or a resin sheet manufactured using various methods is wound in a roll shape, and is arranged to rotate around the winding shaft 55. ing. The workpiece 21 is pulled out from the unwinding part 51 and sent to the punching part 53 through a feeding part 52 arranged before and after the punching part 53.

  The object to be processed 21 is passed through the feed section 52 so that the object to be processed 21 comes into contact with the roll 56 rotated by a stepping motor or the like at a predetermined pressure, and the object to be processed 21 is intermittently moved by rotating the roll 56. A feed mechanism that feeds a predetermined length is provided. In the feeding unit 52, the tension of the workpiece 21 is adjusted, for example, by adjusting the feeding speed of the workpiece 21 and the rotation speed of the winding mechanism 57 in the winding unit 54. The tension of the workpiece 21 is adjusted by providing a roll or the like that presses in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 21 so that the path length of the workpiece 21 changes while the workpiece 21 is being sent. Can also be done.

  The punching unit 1 is provided with the punching device 1 described in detail above. However, since the feed mechanism of the workpiece 21 is disposed in the feed section 52, it is not necessary to provide the feed mechanism in the punching apparatus 1 itself. The workpiece 21 that has been sent to the punch unit 53 by the feed mechanism provided in the feed unit 52 stops the feed mechanism and then lowers the pressing plate 16 and the punch head 10 by the elevating mechanism 17, whereby It is pressed against the lower mold 18 with pressure and fixed. Then, a predetermined punch element 11 of the punch head 10 is driven to perform drilling at a predetermined position.

  When there is no need to drill in the Y direction, the pressing plate 16 is raised by the elevating mechanism 17, the workpiece 21 is fed by a predetermined length by the feeding mechanism, and the pressing plate 16 and the punch head 10 are lowered again. Drill holes in place. On the other hand, when it is necessary to perform drilling at different positions in the Y direction, the pressing plate 16 is raised by the lifting mechanism 17 and the punching device 1 itself is moved in the Y direction by a predetermined distance using the Y direction moving mechanism. The pressing plate 16 and the punch head 10 are lowered to perform drilling at a predetermined position.

  Hereinafter, the above procedure is repeated for the case where it is necessary and not necessary to perform drilling at different positions in the Y direction of the workpiece 21. Thereby, perforation to the arbitrary position of the to-be-processed object 21 is attained. The workpiece 21 punched by the punch unit 53 is wound into a roll again by the winding unit 57 in the winding unit 54, and sent to the next process, for example, an electrode printing process.

  As mentioned above, although the punching apparatus and punching system of this invention were demonstrated, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, the punch head 10 has been described with respect to the form in which a plurality of punch elements 11 are brought into close contact with each other in the thickness direction. In this case, the punching operation is performed more than the arrangement pitch of the punch elements 11 in the Y direction. It is not possible to drill with a small pitch. Thus, by using a punch head in which a plurality of punch elements 11 in close contact with each other are shifted in the Y direction by a predetermined length and arranged in the X direction, it is possible to punch at a shorter pitch in the Y direction. can do. In this case, it is also possible to adopt a structure that does not require a mechanism for moving the punch head in the Y direction.

  Further, although the case where the pressing plate 16 is used as the mechanism for fixing the object to be processed 21 has been described, the object to be processed 21 can be fixed without using the pressing plate 16 by using, for example, a vacuum suction mechanism or the like. It is. In this case, the pressing plate 16 can guide the punch pins 14 and can be reduced in size and weight to a minimum size on which the punch head 10 can be mounted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1; Punching apparatus 10; Punch head 11; Punch element 12; Piezoelectric element 13; Displacement expansion mechanism 14; Punch pin 15; Jig 16; Press plate 17; Elevating mechanism 18; 32; Holding part 32a; Hole 34; Leg member 35; Leaf spring 50; Punching system 51; Unwinding part 52; Feeding part 53; Punching part 54;

Claims (11)

A punching device for perforating at a predetermined position of a sheet-like workpiece,
A punch head comprising a multilayer piezoelectric element, a displacement enlarging mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and a predetermined number of punch elements each including a punch pin attached to the displacement enlarging mechanism and arranged in one direction; ,
A lower mold that fits with a predetermined clearance with the tip of the punch pin when the punch pin protrudes;
A feed mechanism for feeding the object to be processed in one direction;
A target object fixing mechanism for holding the target object sent by the feeding mechanism at a predetermined position;
Comprising
The displacement enlarging mechanism is
A holding portion for holding the multilayer piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element;
Two leg members that open and close so as to convert the extension displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element into the rotational displacement around the fulcrum, with the connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum;
A leaf spring that is straddled between the substantially distal ends of these leg members, and a punch pin is attached to the center,
Have
The punching device according to claim 1, wherein the leaf spring displaces the punch pin so as to have a linear uniaxial displacement that coincides with a length direction of the punch pin when the leg member is opened and closed.   The punching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing object fixing mechanism section includes a pressing plate that presses and fixes the processing object, and a lifting mechanism that lifts and lowers the pressing plate. A punching device for perforating at a predetermined position of a sheet-like workpiece,
A punch head comprising a multilayer piezoelectric element, a displacement enlarging mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and a predetermined number of punch elements each including a punch pin attached to the displacement enlarging mechanism and arranged in one direction; ,
A lower mold that fits with a predetermined clearance with the tip of the punch pin when the punch pin protrudes;
A feed mechanism for feeding the object to be processed in one direction;
A guide is formed to fix the object to be processed fed by the feeding mechanism at a predetermined position and to be fitted with the punch pin with a predetermined clearance, and the punch head is disposed on the upper surface so as to penetrate the guide. A pressed plate,
An elevating mechanism for elevating the pressing plate;
Comprising
The displacement enlarging mechanism is
A holding portion for holding the multilayer piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element;
Two leg members that open and close so as to convert the extension displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element into the rotational displacement around the fulcrum, with the connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum;
A leaf spring that is straddled between the substantially distal ends of these leg members, and a punch pin is attached to the center,
Have
The punching device according to claim 1, wherein the leaf spring displaces the punch pin so as to have a linear uniaxial displacement that coincides with a length direction of the punch pin when the leg member is opened and closed.   4. The punch element according to claim 1, wherein the punch element has a flat plate structure, and the punch head has a structure in which the flat plate punch elements are densely arranged in a line in the thickness direction. The punching apparatus of any one of Claims. A punching device for perforating at a predetermined position of a sheet-like workpiece,
A punch element comprising a laminated piezoelectric element, a displacement enlarging mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the laminated piezoelectric element, and a punch pin attached to the displacement enlarging mechanism;
A lower mold that fits with a predetermined clearance with the tip of the punch pin when the punch pin protrudes;
A feed mechanism for feeding the object to be processed in one direction;
A pressing plate for fixing the object to be processed sent by the feeding mechanism at a predetermined position;
An elevating mechanism for elevating the pressing plate;
Comprising
The punch element is disposed on the pressing plate and is moved up and down integrally with the pressing plate, and a guide for fitting with the punch pin with a predetermined clearance is formed on the pressing plate,
The displacement enlarging mechanism is
A holding portion for holding the multilayer piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element;
Two leg members that open and close so as to convert the extension displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element into the rotational displacement around the fulcrum, with the connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum;
A leaf spring that is straddled between the substantially distal ends of these leg members, and a punch pin is attached to the center,
Have
The punching device according to claim 1, wherein the leaf spring displaces the punch pin so as to have a linear uniaxial displacement that coincides with a length direction of the punch pin when the leg member is opened and closed.   The punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the punch pin can be easily attached and detached by screwing and fixing the punch pin to the displacement enlarging mechanism.   An object to be punched by changing the number of arrangements in the punch element in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the stacked piezoelectric elements, and changing the generated energy without changing the displacement of the punch pin. The punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a limit thickness or a material of the material is changed.   The punching apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the object to be processed is intermittently fed in one axial direction by the feeding mechanism.   The punch head, the pressing plate, and the lower mold are configured to be slidable in a direction orthogonal to a feeding direction of the object to be processed, and can be drilled at an arbitrary position of the object to be processed. The punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.   The driving circuit for driving the multilayer piezoelectric element detects a current waveform and / or a voltage waveform during actual operation of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and performs a normal punching operation without breaking the previously measured punch pin. 10. The monitoring circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a monitoring circuit that detects breakage of the punch pin by comparing with a current waveform and / or a voltage waveform of the obtained multilayer piezoelectric element. Punching device. A punching system for perforating a sheet-like workpiece,
An unwinding section that is rotatably arranged so that the wound unprocessed object is fed in one direction;
A punch part for perforating a predetermined position of the object to be processed;
A feeding unit that feeds an unprocessed object in one direction from the unwinding unit to the punch unit;
A winding unit having a winding mechanism that winds up the workpiece perforated in the punch unit;
Have
The punch portion is
A punch head comprising a multilayer piezoelectric element, a displacement enlarging mechanism for enlarging a generated displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element, and a predetermined number of punch elements each including a punch pin attached to the displacement enlarging mechanism and arranged in one direction; ,
A lower mold that fits with a predetermined clearance with the tip of the punch pin when the punch pin protrudes;
A guide for fixing the object to be processed fed by the feeding portion at a predetermined position and fitting with the punch pin with a predetermined clearance is formed, and the punch head is disposed on the upper surface so as to penetrate the guide. A pressed plate,
An elevating mechanism for elevating the pressing plate;
Comprising
The displacement enlarging mechanism is
A holding portion for holding the multilayer piezoelectric element in the extending direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element;
Two leg members that open and close so as to convert the extension displacement of the multilayer piezoelectric element into the rotational displacement around the fulcrum, with the connecting part connected to the holding part as a fulcrum;
A leaf spring that is straddled between the substantially distal ends of these leg members, and a punch pin is attached to the center,
Have
The punching system is characterized in that the leaf spring displaces the punch pin so as to be linearly uniaxially displaced in the length direction in accordance with opening and closing of the leg member.

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